Palestine Folder, Phoenicia, Canaan, Israel, and Holy Land.kmz

Palestine Folder, Phoenicia, Canaan, Israel, and Holy Land

Palestine (area between Mediterranean Sea and Jordan River) after 135
Palestine is a geographic region in Western Asia between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River.; Martyr Paul at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated July 16 ; Translation of the relics of the Venerable Lazarus of Mt. Galerius Near Ephesus, Commemorated on July 17 ; Martyr Julitta at Caesarea, Commemorated July 31 ; Martyr Marinus the Soldier at Caesarea in Palestine, Commemorated on August 7; Translation of the Image œNot-Made-By-HandsÂ of our Lord Jesus Christ from Edessa to Constantinople, the Third œFeast of the Savior in AugustÂ, Commemorated on August 16 ; Martyr Timothy of Palestine, Commemorated on August 19; Prophet Samuel, Commemorated on August 20 ; Apostle Thaddeus of the Seventy, Commemorated August 21 ; Virginmartyr Syra of Persia, Commemorated on August 24; Venerable Pimen of Palestine, Commemorated August 27 ; St Christopher of Palestine, Commemorated on August 30; Venerable Theoctistus, Commemorated on September 3; Martyr Demetrius with his wife and son, at Skepsis on the Hellespont, Commemorated on September 11 ; Hieromartyr Cornelius the Centurion, Commemorated on September 13; 156 Martyrs in Palestine, Commemorated on September 17 ; Martyr Peleus the Bishop of Palestine, Commemorated on September 17 ; MATTHEW, APOSTLE AND EVANGELIST (21 SEP NT); St Jonah the Presbyter, father of St Theophanes the Hymnographer and Theodore Graptus, Commemorated on September 22 ; Conception of the Honorable Glorious Prophet, Forerunner and Baptist John, Commemorated on September 23; Venerable Chariton the Confessor the Abbot of Palestine, Commemorated on September 28 ; Venerable Hilarion the Great, Commemorated on October 21; CHARLES SIMEON, TEACHER, PROMOTOR OF MISSIONARY WORK (12 NOV 1836); Apostle and Evangelist Matthew, Commemorated on November 16; Martyr Roman the Deacon of Caesarea, Commemorated November 18 ; Venerable Copres of Palestine, Commemorated on September 24; Holy, Glorious Apostle Thomas; Apostle Philip of the Seventy, One of the Seven Deacons, Commemorated on October 11; Apostle and Evangelist Luke, Commemorated on October 18; Martyr Procopius the Reader at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on November 22 ; ANDREW THE APOSTLE, (30 NOV NT) ; Prophet Habakkuk, Commemorated on December 2 ; St Modestus the Archbishop of Jerusalem, Commemorated December 18 ; Venerable Melania the Younger of Rome, Commemorated on December 31; St Peter of Galatia; Venerable Pardus the Hermit, of Palestine; Apostle and Evangelist Luke of the Seventy, Commemorated January 4 ; Apostle Thaddeus of the Seventy, Commemorated January 4 ; Apostle Philip the Deacon of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Philemon of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Clement of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Zenas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Venerable George the Chozebite, Abbot, Commemorated January 8 ; Venerable Theodosius the Great, the Cenobiarch, Commemorated on January 11 ; Martyr Peter Apselamus of Palestine, Commemorated on January 12 ; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; Veneration of the Precious Chains of the Holy and All-Glorious Apostle Peter, Commemorated January 16 ; St Arsenius the Archbishop of Kerkyra (Corfu), Commemorated January 19 ; Translation of the relics of St Anastasius the Persian, Commemorated on January 24 ; Venerable Peter the Hermit of Galatia Near Antioch, in Syria, Commemorated on February 1 ; Venerable Barsanuphius the Great, Commemorated on February 6 ; CORNELIUS THE CENTURION, (7 FEBRUARY); Venerable Martinian of Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on February 13; Martyr Pamphilius the Presbyter at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on February 16; Venerable Theodosius the Great, the Cenobiarch; Martyr Peter Apselamus of Palestine; St Arsenius the Archbishop of Kerkyra (Corfu); Virginmartyr Ennatha of Palestine, Commemorated on February 10 ; Apostle Philemon the Martyr of the Seventy, Commemorated February 19 ; Venerable Dositheus of Palestine, the Disciple of the Venerable Abba Dorotheus, Commemorated February 19 ; Venerable John-Barsanuphius the Bishop of Damascus, Commemorated on February 28; Venerable Gerasimus of the Jordan, Commemorated on March 4; Martyr Eulogius of Palestine, Commemorated on March 5; Venerable Lazarus of Murom, Commemorated on March 8; Martyr Agapius at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on March 15; St Cyril the Archbishop of Jerusalem, Commemorated on March 18; St Innocent of Komel the Disciple of St Nilus of Sora, Vologda, Commemorated on March 19 ; Hieromartyr Basil of Ancyra, Commemorated on March 22; Venerable John the Silent of St Savas Monastery, Commemorated on March 30; Martyr Amphianus (Apphianus) of Lycia, Commemorated on April 2 ; Virginmartyr Theodosia of Tyre, Commemorated on April 3 ; Monkmartyr Menas of Palestine, Commemorated on April 12; Hieromartyr Artemon the Presbyter of Laodicea in Syria, Commemorated on April 13; Venerable John of the Ancient Caves in Palestine, Commemorated on April 19; St George the Confessor and Bishop of Antioch, in Pisidia, Commemorated on April 19; Apostle Zacchaeus, Commemorated on April 20; Venerable Vitalius of Gaza, Commemorated on April 22; GEORGE, SOLDIER and MARTYR, 23 APRIL 303, Commemorated April 23; Greatmartyr, Victory-bearer and Wonderworker George, Commemorated on April 23; Right-believing Tamara, Queen of Georgia, Commemorated on May 1; St Michael of Ulompo, Georgia, Commemorated on May 3 ; Hieromartyr Silvanus the Bishop of Gaza, and with him 40 Martyrs, Commemorated on May 4 ; Repose of the Venerable Nilus the Abbot of Sora, Commemorated on May 7; Martyr Christopher of Lycia, Commemorated on May 9; Venerable Sergius of Shukhtom, Commemorated on May 19; Equal of the Apostles and Emperor Constantine with his Mother Helen, Commemorated on May 21; Virginmartyr Theodosia of Tyre, Commemorated on May 29; Venerable Abba Dorotheus of Palestine, Commemorated on June 5; Martyr Kyriake of Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on June 7; Venerable Zosimus of Phoenicia, Syria, Commemorated on June 8; St John the Solitary of Jerusalem, Commemorated on June 19; Hieromartyr Eusebius the Bishop of Samosata, Commemorated on June 22; Icon of the Mother of God of Lydda or œthe RomanÂ, Commemorated on June 26;

British Empire - Palestine (area between Mediterranean Sea and Jordan River)
Palestine is a geographic region in Western Asia between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River.; Martyr Paul at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated July 16 ; Translation of the relics of the Venerable Lazarus of Mt. Galerius Near Ephesus, Commemorated on July 17 ; Martyr Julitta at Caesarea, Commemorated July 31 ; Martyr Marinus the Soldier at Caesarea in Palestine, Commemorated on August 7; Translation of the Image œNot-Made-By-Hands of our Lord Jesus Christ from Edessa to Constantinople, the Third œFeast of the Savior in August, Commemorated on August 16 ; Martyr Timothy of Palestine, Commemorated on August 19; Prophet Samuel, Commemorated on August 20 ; Apostle Thaddeus of the Seventy, Commemorated August 21 ; Virginmartyr Syra of Persia, Commemorated on August 24; Venerable Pimen of Palestine, Commemorated August 27 ; St Christopher of Palestine, Commemorated on August 30; Venerable Theoctistus, Commemorated on September 3; Martyr Demetrius with his wife and son, at Skepsis on the Hellespont, Commemorated on September 11 ; Hieromartyr Cornelius the Centurion, Commemorated on September 13; 156 Martyrs in Palestine, Commemorated on September 17 ; Martyr Peleus the Bishop of Palestine, Commemorated on September 17 ; MATTHEW, APOSTLE AND EVANGELIST (21 SEP NT); St Jonah the Presbyter, father of St Theophanes the Hymnographer and Theodore Graptus, Commemorated on September 22 ; Conception of the Honorable Glorious Prophet, Forerunner and Baptist John, Commemorated on September 23; Venerable Chariton the Confessor the Abbot of Palestine, Commemorated on September 28 ; Venerable Hilarion the Great, Commemorated on October 21; CHARLES SIMEON, TEACHER, PROMOTOR OF MISSIONARY WORK (12 NOV 1836); Apostle and Evangelist Matthew, Commemorated on November 16; Martyr Roman the Deacon of Caesarea, Commemorated November 18 ; Venerable Copres of Palestine, Commemorated on September 24; Holy, Glorious Apostle Thomas; Apostle Philip of the Seventy, One of the Seven Deacons, Commemorated on October 11; Apostle and Evangelist Luke, Commemorated on October 18; Martyr Procopius the Reader at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on November 22 ; ANDREW THE APOSTLE, (30 NOV NT) ; Prophet Habakkuk, Commemorated on December 2 ; St Modestus the Archbishop of Jerusalem, Commemorated December 18 ; Venerable Melania the Younger of Rome, Commemorated on December 31; St Peter of Galatia; Venerable Pardus the Hermit, of Palestine; Apostle and Evangelist Luke of the Seventy, Commemorated January 4 ; Apostle Thaddeus of the Seventy, Commemorated January 4 ; Apostle Philip the Deacon of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Philemon of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Clement of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Zenas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Venerable George the Chozebite, Abbot, Commemorated January 8 ; Venerable Theodosius the Great, the Cenobiarch, Commemorated on January 11 ; Martyr Peter Apselamus of Palestine, Commemorated on January 12 ; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; Veneration of the Precious Chains of the Holy and All-Glorious Apostle Peter, Commemorated January 16 ; St Arsenius the Archbishop of Kerkyra (Corfu), Commemorated January 19 ; Translation of the relics of St Anastasius the Persian, Commemorated on January 24 ; Venerable Peter the Hermit of Galatia Near Antioch, in Syria, Commemorated on February 1 ; Venerable Barsanuphius the Great, Commemorated on February 6 ; CORNELIUS THE CENTURION, (7 FEBRUARY); Venerable Martinian of Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on February 13; Martyr Pamphilius the Presbyter at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on February 16; Venerable Theodosius the Great, the Cenobiarch; Martyr Peter Apselamus of Palestine; St Arsenius the Archbishop of Kerkyra (Corfu); Virginmartyr Ennatha of Palestine, Commemorated on February 10 ; Apostle Philemon the Martyr of the Seventy, Commemorated February 19 ; Venerable Dositheus of Palestine, the Disciple of the Venerable Abba Dorotheus, Commemorated February 19 ; Venerable John-Barsanuphius the Bishop of Damascus, Commemorated on February 28; Venerable Gerasimus of the Jordan, Commemorated on March 4; Martyr Eulogius of Palestine, Commemorated on March 5; Venerable Lazarus of Murom, Commemorated on March 8; Martyr Agapius at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on March 15; St Cyril the Archbishop of Jerusalem, Commemorated on March 18; St Innocent of Komel the Disciple of St Nilus of Sora, Vologda, Commemorated on March 19 ; Hieromartyr Basil of Ancyra, Commemorated on March 22; Venerable John the Silent of St Sava'™s Monastery, Commemorated on March 30; Martyr Amphianus (Apphianus) of Lycia, Commemorated on April 2 ; Virginmartyr Theodosia of Tyre, Commemorated on April 3 ; Monkmartyr Menas of Palestine, Commemorated on April 12; Hieromartyr Artemon the Presbyter of Laodicea in Syria, Commemorated on April 13; Venerable John of the Ancient Caves in Palestine, Commemorated on April 19; St George the Confessor and Bishop of Antioch, in Pisidia, Commemorated on April 19; Apostle Zacchaeus, Commemorated on April 20; Venerable Vitalius of Gaza, Commemorated on April 22; GEORGE, SOLDIER and MARTYR, 23 APRIL 303, Commemorated April 23; Greatmartyr, Victory-bearer and Wonderworker George, Commemorated on April 23; Right-believing Tamara, Queen of Georgia, Commemorated on May 1; St Michael of Ulompo, Georgia, Commemorated on May 3 ; Hieromartyr Silvanus the Bishop of Gaza, and with him 40 Martyrs, Commemorated on May 4 ; Repose of the Venerable Nilus the Abbot of Sora, Commemorated on May 7; Martyr Christopher of Lycia, Commemorated on May 9; Venerable Sergius of Shukhtom, Commemorated on May 19; Equal of the Apostles and Emperor Constantine with his Mother Helen, Commemorated on May 21; Virginmartyr Theodosia of Tyre, Commemorated on May 29; Venerable Abba Dorotheus of Palestine, Commemorated on June 5; Martyr Kyriake of Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on June 7; Venerable Zosimus of Phoenicia, Syria, Commemorated on June 8; St John the Solitary of Jerusalem, Commemorated on June 19; Hieromartyr Eusebius the Bishop of Samosata, Commemorated on June 22; Icon of the Mother of God of Lydda or œthe Roman, Commemorated on June 26;

Phoenicia, Palestine (coastal part of the Fertile Crescent, Lebanon to Gaza)
Phoenicia was an ancient Semitic civilization situated on the western, coastal part of the Fertile Crescent and centered on the coastline of modern Lebanon.; Martyr Paul of Syria, Commemorated on August 17; Commemoration of the Founding of the Church of the Resurrection (Holy Sepulchre) at Jerusalem, Commemorated on September 13; St John Chrysostom the Archbishop of Constantinople, Commemorated November 13 ; Venerable Melania the Younger of Rome; St Macedonius the Hermit of Syria, Commemorated January 24 ; Presbyter Ananias in Phoenicia, Commemorated January 26 ; Venerable Xenophon of Constantinople, Commemorated January 26 ; Martyr Julian of Emesa, Commemorated on February 6 ; St Rabulas of Samosata, Commemorated February 19 ; St James the Faster of Phoenicia, Syria, Commemorated on March 4; Venerable Nicephorus the Abbot of Catabad, Commemorated on April 19; St Sabinus the Archbishop of Cyprus, Commemorated on May 12 ; Hieromartyr Dorotheus the Bishop of Tyre, Commemorated on June 5; Venerable Zosimus of Phoenicia, Syria, Commemorated on June 8; Martyr Aquilina of Byblos in Syria, Commemorated on June 13 ; Martyr Leontius at Tripoli in Syria, Commemorated on June 18 ; Hieromartyr Eusebius the Bishop of Samosata, Commemorated on June 22;

Promised Land, Land of Milk and Honey
Promised Land; Promised Land (also known as "The Land of Milk and Honey") is the land which, according to the Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible or Old Testament), God promised and subsequently gave to Abraham and to his descendants. In modern contexts the phrase "Promised Land" expresses an image and idea related both to the restored homeland for the Jewish people and to salvation and liberation. first makes the promise to Abraham in Genesis 15:18–21: that day the Lord made a covenant with Abram and said, "To your descendants I give this land, from the Wadi of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates— the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, Hittites, Perizzites, Rephaites, Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites and Jebusites." later confirms the promise to Abraham's son Isaac (Genesis 26:3), and then to Isaac's son Jacob (Genesis 28:13). The Book of Exodus describes the Promised Land in terms of the territory from the River of Egypt to the Euphrates river (Exodus 23:31). The Israelites conquered and occupied a smaller area of former Canaanite land and land east of the Jordan River after Moses led the Exodus out of Egypt (Numbers 34:1–12), and the Book of Deuteronomy presents this occupation as God's fulfillment of the promise (Deuteronomy 1:8). Moses anticipated that God might subsequently give the Israelites land reflecting the boundaries of God's original promise – if they were obedient to the covenant (Deuteronomy 19:8–9). concept of the Promised Land is the central tenet of Zionism, whose discourse suggests that modern Jews descend from the Israelites and Maccabees through whom they inherit the right to re-establish their "national homeland".[1] Palestinians also claim partial descent from the Israelites and Maccabees, as well as from other peoples who have lived in the region.[2] spirituals invoke the imagery of the "Promised Land" as heaven or paradise[3] and as an escape from slavery, which can often only be reached by death.[citation needed] The imagery and term also appear elsewhere in popular culture, in sermons, and in speeches such as Martin Luther King Jr.'s 1968 "I've Been to the Mountaintop", in which he said: just want to do God's will. And He's allowed me to go up to the mountain. And I've looked over. And I've seen the Promised Land. I may not get there with you. But I want you to know tonight, that we, as a people, will get to the Promised Land. So I'm happy, tonight. I'm not worried about anything. I'm not fearing any man. Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord.[4] Church New Year, Commemorated September 1; Righteous Joshua the son of Nun (Navi), Commemorated September 1 ; Venerable Theodosius the Great, the Cenobiarch, Commemorated on January 11 ;

Caanan, The Holy Lands, The Levant
Caanan, The Holy Lands, The Levant; (/ˈkeɪnən/; Phoenician: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍[1] – KNʿN; Hebrew: כְּנַעַן – Kənáʿan, in pausa כְּנָעַן – Kənāʿan; Biblical Greek: Χανααν – Khanaan;[2] Arabic: كَنْعَانُ – Kan‘ān) was a Semitic-speaking civilization and region in the Ancient Near East during the late 2nd millennium BC. had significant geopolitical importance in the Late Bronze Age Amarna Period (14th century BC) as the area where the spheres of interest of the Egyptian, Hittite, Mitanni and Assyrian Empires converged or overlapped. Much of present-day knowledge about Canaan stems from archaeological excavation in this area at sites such as Tel Hazor, Tel Megiddo, En Esur, and Gezer. name "Canaan" appears throughout the Bible, where it corresponds to "the Levant", in particular to the areas of the Southern Levant that provide the main settings of the narratives of the Bible: the Land of Israel, Philistia, and Phoenicia, among others. word Canaanites serves as an ethnic catch-all term covering various indigenous populations—both settled and nomadic-pastoral groups—throughout the regions of the southern Levant or Canaan.[3] It is by far the most frequently used ethnic term in the Bible.[4] The Book of Joshua includes Canaanites in a list of nations to exterminate,[5] scripture elsewhere portrays them as a group which the Israelites had annihilated.[6][7] scholar Mark Smith notes that archaeological data suggests "that the Israelite culture largely overlapped with and derived from Canaanite culture... In short, Israelite culture was largely Canaanite in nature."[8]: 13–14 [9][10] name "Canaanites" is attested, many centuries later, as the endonym of the people later known to the Ancient Greeks from c. 500 BC as Phoenicians,[6] and after the emigration of some Canaanite-speakers to Carthage (founded in the 9th century BC), was also used as a self-designation by the Punics (as "Chanani") of North Africa during Late Antiquity.

Paneas in Palestine, Golan Heights
Paneas in Palestine, Golan Heights; Apostle Erastus;

Palestine, etc. 2000BC-1270, Palestine, etc. History

Palestine, BC Folder, Abraham, Sarah, Lot, Isaac, Jacob, Judith

Palestine, 2000 BC Dot 5, Patriarch, Abraham in Caanan
Jerusalem Patriarch, 2000 BC, Abraham; Abraham's story with abstract locations.; Righteous Forefather Abraham, Commemorated on October 9; Righteous Lot, Commemorated on October 9;

Palestine, 2000 BC Dot 5, Patriarch, Abraham, 100 yr old father of vast nation
Jerusalem Patriarch, 2000 BC, Abraham; Sarah & Abraham's story with abstract locations.; / SARAH ruh) Personal name meaning, "princess." Wife and half sister of Abraham (Gen. 11:29- 25:10). first called Sarai, had the same father as Abraham. Marriages with half brothers were not uncommon in her time. traveled with Abraham from Ur to Haran. Then at the age of 65 she accompanied him to Canaan as Abraham followed God's leadership in moving to the land God had promised. a famine in Canaan, Abraham and Sarah fled to Egypt. This was Abraham's first attempt to pass off Sarah as his sister rather than wife because he feared that he would be killed when the Egyptians saw Sarah's beauty. Consequently, the Pharaoh thought Sarah was Abraham's sister, took Sarah into court, and treated Abraham well. the Lord sent serious disease on Pharaoh's household, he saw the deception and sent them away. second trick about Abraham's relationship with Sarah was in the court of Abimelech, king of Gerar, who also took in Sarah. God intervened in Abimelech's dream and protected Sarah. He sent them away with the right to live there and with a gift for Sarah. her barrenness, God promises her a Son. called Abram to migrate to Canaan, assuring him that he would father a vast nation (Gen. 11:31) Location - Chaldea and Lot Settle Between Bethel and Ai traveling throughout Canaan and into Egypt, Abraham and Lot finally settled between Bethel and Ai, about ten miles north of Jerusalem (Gen. 13:3). Abraham and Lot acquired herds and flocks so large that the land was unable to support both (Gen. 13:2,5). In addition, the herdsmen of Abraham and Lot did not get along (Gen. 13:7). Location -- Up from Negev to settle between Bethel and Ai chooses Sodom, in the Jordan valley Location -- Sodom Thus, to secure ample pasturelands for their flocks and to avoid any further trouble, Abraham suggested they separate. Abraham allowed Lot to take his choice of the land. Lot took advantage of Abraham's generosity and chose the well-watered Jordan Valley where the city of Sodom was located (13:8-12). received further covenant After returning to Palestine, Abram received further covenantal assurances from God (Gen. 15). Location -- Now Abram was living near the great trees of Mamre Promises (Gen 15) Son coming from your own body will be your heir. Count the stars, so shall your offspring be. Give you this land and take possession of it. “Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a country not their own, and they will be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years. But I will punish the nation they serve as slaves, and afterward they will come out with great possessions. You, however, will go to your fathers in peace and be buried at a good old age. In the fourth generation your descendants will come back here, for the sin of the Amorites has not yet reached its full measure.” cut covenant with Abram Location -- Mamre (Hebron) Vision of Smoking Firepot and Blazing Torch Abram said, “How can I know that I will gain possession of it?” Lord said, “Bring me a heifer, a goat and a ram, each three years old, along with a dove and a young pigeon.” Abram brought them to him, cut them in two, and arranged the halves opposite each other. Smoking firepot and blazing torch appeared and passed between the pieces. Lord made a covenant with Abraham and said, “To your descendants I give this land from the river of Egypt to the great river, the euphrates-- the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, Hittites, Perizites, Rephaites, Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites.” Kings capture Lot Location - Sodom All in all, things did not look as good for Lot as they might at first glance appear when he chose to live in the well-watered Jordan Valley. We begin to see this unfold in Genesis 14. Not only was the Jordan Valley atttractive to herdsmen like Lot, but the riches of this valley were also attractive to foreign kings. Prominent among them was Chedorlaomer who, along with three other kings, captured and sacked Sodom, taking Lot as prisoner (Gen. 14:1-12). Abraham, upon hearing of Lot's fate, gathered an army and rescued his nephew (Gen. 14:13-16). received Covenant of Circumcision Location -- (Mamre) Even after another covenantal assurance (Gen. 17:1-21) in which the rite of circumcision was made a covenantal sign, Abram and Sarai still questioned God’s promise of an heir. Promises (Gen 17:1-21 NIV) You will be father of many nations. You and your male descendents will be circumcised Your descendents will come from Sarah Your name will now be Abraham, father of many nations. Sarai’s name will be Sarah, she will be mother of nations. and Incest (Gen 19) Location - Sodom, Moab, Ammon Ten righteous men? Lot is not mentioned again until Genesis 19 when two angels visited him. God had already told Abraham that He intended to destroy Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen. 18:20). Abraham interceded on behalf of Sodom, that if ten righteous men were found in Sodom that God would not destroy the city (Gen. 18:32). uncovers sodomy -- even in the children The two angels were apparently going to Sodom to inspect it. When the angels arrived, Lot received them with hospitality. When the townsmen heard that two strangers were staying with Lot, they wanted to have sexual relations with them. Lot protected his guests and offered them his daughters instead. The townsmen refused this offer and tried unsuccessfully to get the two strangers. For Lot's help, the angels revealed God's desire to destroy Sodom and urged Lot to take his family to the hills to safety. They warned Lot and his family not to look on Sodom. = Moab and Ammon Location -- Moab and Ammon Lot’s Daughters decided to deceive their father As it turned out, Lot feared to live in the city of Zohar and decided to live in the surrounding caves instead. His daughters, fearing that they would never have offspring, decided to deceive their father into having intercourse with them. They got their father drunk; both conceived a son by him. The son of the eldest daughter was called Moab and became the father of the Moabites. The son of the youngest daughter was named Ben-ammi and became the father of the Ammonites (Gen. 19:30-38). Later in Israel's history, God desired to ensure the place of the Moabites and Ammonites in Palestine (Deut. 2:9). The Moabites and Ammonites betrayed their relationship, however, by joining with Assyria at a later period (Ps. 83:5-8). ’s Wife Location -- Moab and Ammon In the New Testament, the day of the Son of man is compared to the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah (Luke 17:28-29). The followers of Jesus are warned not to desire their former lives, like Lot's wife, but to be willing instead to lose their lives. Losing one's life is the only way to gain life (Luke 17:32). The story of Lot is also used to show the faithfulness of God to rescue his people (2 Pet. 2:7). Receives son Isaac Location -- (Mamre), Wilderness of Paran Then Sarai ( ), whose name had been changed to Sarah (“princess’), had her long- promised son, Isaac (“laughter”), when Abraham was 100 years old. Ishmael’s presence caused trouble in the family, and he was expelled with his mother Hagar to the wilderness of Paran. Commanded to sacrifice Isaac Location -- Hebron and Mt. Moriah (Jerusalem) Abraham’s faith and obedience were tested by God in Moriah when he was commanded to sacrifice Isaac. God provided an alternative sacrifice, however, saving the boy’s life. As a reward for Abraham’s faithfulness, God renewed the covenant promises of great blessing and the growth of a mighty nation to father and son. Righteous Forefather Abraham, Commemorated on October 9; Righteous Lot, Commemorated on October 9;

Palestine, 2000 BC Dot 5, Sarah, Abraham's wife, 90 yr old mother of nations, in Caanan
Jerusalem Patriarch, 2000 BC, Abraham; Sarah & Abraham's story with abstract locations.; / SARAH ruh) Personal name meaning, "princess." Wife and half sister of Abraham (Gen. 11:29- 25:10). first called Sarai, had the same father as Abraham. Marriages with half brothers were not uncommon in her time. traveled with Abraham from Ur to Haran. Then at the age of 65 she accompanied him to Canaan as Abraham followed God's leadership in moving to the land God had promised. a famine in Canaan, Abraham and Sarah fled to Egypt. This was Abraham's first attempt to pass off Sarah as his sister rather than wife because he feared that he would be killed when the Egyptians saw Sarah's beauty. Consequently, the Pharaoh thought Sarah was Abraham's sister, took Sarah into court, and treated Abraham well. the Lord sent serious disease on Pharaoh's household, he saw the deception and sent them away. second trick about Abraham's relationship with Sarah was in the court of Abimelech, king of Gerar, who also took in Sarah. God intervened in Abimelech's dream and protected Sarah. He sent them away with the right to live there and with a gift for Sarah. her barrenness, God promises her a Son. called Abram to migrate to Canaan, assuring him that he would father a vast nation (Gen. 11:31) Location - Chaldea and Lot Settle Between Bethel and Ai traveling throughout Canaan and into Egypt, Abraham and Lot finally settled between Bethel and Ai, about ten miles north of Jerusalem (Gen. 13:3). Abraham and Lot acquired herds and flocks so large that the land was unable to support both (Gen. 13:2,5). In addition, the herdsmen of Abraham and Lot did not get along (Gen. 13:7). Location -- Up from Negev to settle between Bethel and Ai chooses Sodom, in the Jordan valley Location -- Sodom Thus, to secure ample pasturelands for their flocks and to avoid any further trouble, Abraham suggested they separate. Abraham allowed Lot to take his choice of the land. Lot took advantage of Abraham's generosity and chose the well-watered Jordan Valley where the city of Sodom was located (13:8-12). received further covenant After returning to Palestine, Abram received further covenantal assurances from God (Gen. 15). Location -- Now Abram was living near the great trees of Mamre Promises (Gen 15) Son coming from your own body will be your heir. Count the stars, so shall your offspring be. Give you this land and take possession of it. “Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a country not their own, and they will be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years. But I will punish the nation they serve as slaves, and afterward they will come out with great possessions. You, however, will go to your fathers in peace and be buried at a good old age. In the fourth generation your descendants will come back here, for the sin of the Amorites has not yet reached its full measure.” cut covenant with Abram Location -- Mamre (Hebron) Vision of Smoking Firepot and Blazing Torch Abram said, “How can I know that I will gain possession of it?” Lord said, “Bring me a heifer, a goat and a ram, each three years old, along with a dove and a young pigeon.” Abram brought them to him, cut them in two, and arranged the halves opposite each other. Smoking firepot and blazing torch appeared and passed between the pieces. Lord made a covenant with Abraham and said, “To your descendants I give this land from the river of Egypt to the great river, the euphrates-- the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, Hittites, Perizites, Rephaites, Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites.” Kings capture Lot Location - Sodom All in all, things did not look as good for Lot as they might at first glance appear when he chose to live in the well-watered Jordan Valley. We begin to see this unfold in Genesis 14. Not only was the Jordan Valley atttractive to herdsmen like Lot, but the riches of this valley were also attractive to foreign kings. Prominent among them was Chedorlaomer who, along with three other kings, captured and sacked Sodom, taking Lot as prisoner (Gen. 14:1-12). Abraham, upon hearing of Lot's fate, gathered an army and rescued his nephew (Gen. 14:13-16). received Covenant of Circumcision Location -- (Mamre) Even after another covenantal assurance (Gen. 17:1-21) in which the rite of circumcision was made a covenantal sign, Abram and Sarai still questioned God’s promise of an heir. Promises (Gen 17:1-21 NIV) You will be father of many nations. You and your male descendents will be circumcised Your descendents will come from Sarah Your name will now be Abraham, father of many nations. Sarai’s name will be Sarah, she will be mother of nations. and Incest (Gen 19) Location - Sodom, Moab, Ammon Ten righteous men? Lot is not mentioned again until Genesis 19 when two angels visited him. God had already told Abraham that He intended to destroy Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen. 18:20). Abraham interceded on behalf of Sodom, that if ten righteous men were found in Sodom that God would not destroy the city (Gen. 18:32). uncovers sodomy -- even in the children The two angels were apparently going to Sodom to inspect it. When the angels arrived, Lot received them with hospitality. When the townsmen heard that two strangers were staying with Lot, they wanted to have sexual relations with them. Lot protected his guests and offered them his daughters instead. The townsmen refused this offer and tried unsuccessfully to get the two strangers. For Lot's help, the angels revealed God's desire to destroy Sodom and urged Lot to take his family to the hills to safety. They warned Lot and his family not to look on Sodom. = Moab and Ammon Location -- Moab and Ammon Lot’s Daughters decided to deceive their father As it turned out, Lot feared to live in the city of Zohar and decided to live in the surrounding caves instead. His daughters, fearing that they would never have offspring, decided to deceive their father into having intercourse with them. They got their father drunk; both conceived a son by him. The son of the eldest daughter was called Moab and became the father of the Moabites. The son of the youngest daughter was named Ben-ammi and became the father of the Ammonites (Gen. 19:30-38). Later in Israel's history, God desired to ensure the place of the Moabites and Ammonites in Palestine (Deut. 2:9). The Moabites and Ammonites betrayed their relationship, however, by joining with Assyria at a later period (Ps. 83:5-8). ’s Wife Location -- Moab and Ammon In the New Testament, the day of the Son of man is compared to the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah (Luke 17:28-29). The followers of Jesus are warned not to desire their former lives, like Lot's wife, but to be willing instead to lose their lives. Losing one's life is the only way to gain life (Luke 17:32). The story of Lot is also used to show the faithfulness of God to rescue his people (2 Pet. 2:7). Receives son Isaac Location -- (Mamre), Wilderness of Paran Then Sarai ( ), whose name had been changed to Sarah (“princess’), had her long- promised son, Isaac (“laughter”), when Abraham was 100 years old. Ishmael’s presence caused trouble in the family, and he was expelled with his mother Hagar to the wilderness of Paran. Commanded to sacrifice Isaac Location -- Hebron and Mt. Moriah (Jerusalem) Abraham’s faith and obedience were tested by God in Moriah when he was commanded to sacrifice Isaac. God provided an alternative sacrifice, however, saving the boy’s life. As a reward for Abraham’s faithfulness, God renewed the covenant promises of great blessing and the growth of a mighty nation to father and son. Righteous Forefather Abraham, Commemorated on October 9; Righteous Lot, Commemorated on October 9;

Palestine, 2000 BC Dot 5, Patriarch, Lot
Jerusalem Patriarch, 2000 BC, Lot; Righteous Forefather Abraham, Commemorated on October 9; Righteous Lot, Commemorated on October 9; Lot,Sarah & Abraham's story with abstract locations.; / SARAH ruh) Personal name meaning, "princess." Wife and half sister of Abraham (Gen. 11:29- 25:10). first called Sarai, had the same father as Abraham. Marriages with half brothers were not uncommon in her time. traveled with Abraham from Ur to Haran. Then at the age of 65 she accompanied him to Canaan as Abraham followed God's leadership in moving to the land God had promised. a famine in Canaan, Abraham and Sarah fled to Egypt. This was Abraham's first attempt to pass off Sarah as his sister rather than wife because he feared that he would be killed when the Egyptians saw Sarah's beauty. Consequently, the Pharaoh thought Sarah was Abraham's sister, took Sarah into court, and treated Abraham well. the Lord sent serious disease on Pharaoh's household, he saw the deception and sent them away. second trick about Abraham's relationship with Sarah was in the court of Abimelech, king of Gerar, who also took in Sarah. God intervened in Abimelech's dream and protected Sarah. He sent them away with the right to live there and with a gift for Sarah. her barrenness, God promises her a Son. called Abram to migrate to Canaan, assuring him that he would father a vast nation (Gen. 11:31) Location - Chaldea and Lot Settle Between Bethel and Ai traveling throughout Canaan and into Egypt, Abraham and Lot finally settled between Bethel and Ai, about ten miles north of Jerusalem (Gen. 13:3). Abraham and Lot acquired herds and flocks so large that the land was unable to support both (Gen. 13:2,5). In addition, the herdsmen of Abraham and Lot did not get along (Gen. 13:7). Location -- Up from Negev to settle between Bethel and Ai chooses Sodom, in the Jordan valley Location -- Sodom Thus, to secure ample pasturelands for their flocks and to avoid any further trouble, Abraham suggested they separate. Abraham allowed Lot to take his choice of the land. Lot took advantage of Abraham's generosity and chose the well-watered Jordan Valley where the city of Sodom was located (13:8-12). received further covenant After returning to Palestine, Abram received further covenantal assurances from God (Gen. 15). Location -- Now Abram was living near the great trees of Mamre Promises (Gen 15) Son coming from your own body will be your heir. Count the stars, so shall your offspring be. Give you this land and take possession of it. “Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a country not their own, and they will be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years. But I will punish the nation they serve as slaves, and afterward they will come out with great possessions. You, however, will go to your fathers in peace and be buried at a good old age. In the fourth generation your descendants will come back here, for the sin of the Amorites has not yet reached its full measure.” cut covenant with Abram Location -- Mamre (Hebron) Vision of Smoking Firepot and Blazing Torch Abram said, “How can I know that I will gain possession of it?” Lord said, “Bring me a heifer, a goat and a ram, each three years old, along with a dove and a young pigeon.” Abram brought them to him, cut them in two, and arranged the halves opposite each other. Smoking firepot and blazing torch appeared and passed between the pieces. Lord made a covenant with Abraham and said, “To your descendants I give this land from the river of Egypt to the great river, the euphrates-- the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, Hittites, Perizites, Rephaites, Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites.” Kings capture Lot Location - Sodom All in all, things did not look as good for Lot as they might at first glance appear when he chose to live in the well-watered Jordan Valley. We begin to see this unfold in Genesis 14. Not only was the Jordan Valley atttractive to herdsmen like Lot, but the riches of this valley were also attractive to foreign kings. Prominent among them was Chedorlaomer who, along with three other kings, captured and sacked Sodom, taking Lot as prisoner (Gen. 14:1-12). Abraham, upon hearing of Lot's fate, gathered an army and rescued his nephew (Gen. 14:13-16). received Covenant of Circumcision Location -- (Mamre) Even after another covenantal assurance (Gen. 17:1-21) in which the rite of circumcision was made a covenantal sign, Abram and Sarai still questioned God’s promise of an heir. Promises (Gen 17:1-21 NIV) You will be father of many nations. You and your male descendents will be circumcised Your descendents will come from Sarah Your name will now be Abraham, father of many nations. Sarai’s name will be Sarah, she will be mother of nations. and Incest (Gen 19) Location - Sodom, Moab, Ammon Ten righteous men? Lot is not mentioned again until Genesis 19 when two angels visited him. God had already told Abraham that He intended to destroy Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen. 18:20). Abraham interceded on behalf of Sodom, that if ten righteous men were found in Sodom that God would not destroy the city (Gen. 18:32). uncovers sodomy -- even in the children The two angels were apparently going to Sodom to inspect it. When the angels arrived, Lot received them with hospitality. When the townsmen heard that two strangers were staying with Lot, they wanted to have sexual relations with them. Lot protected his guests and offered them his daughters instead. The townsmen refused this offer and tried unsuccessfully to get the two strangers. For Lot's help, the angels revealed God's desire to destroy Sodom and urged Lot to take his family to the hills to safety. They warned Lot and his family not to look on Sodom. = Moab and Ammon Location -- Moab and Ammon Lot’s Daughters decided to deceive their father As it turned out, Lot feared to live in the city of Zohar and decided to live in the surrounding caves instead. His daughters, fearing that they would never have offspring, decided to deceive their father into having intercourse with them. They got their father drunk; both conceived a son by him. The son of the eldest daughter was called Moab and became the father of the Moabites. The son of the youngest daughter was named Ben-ammi and became the father of the Ammonites (Gen. 19:30-38). Later in Israel's history, God desired to ensure the place of the Moabites and Ammonites in Palestine (Deut. 2:9). The Moabites and Ammonites betrayed their relationship, however, by joining with Assyria at a later period (Ps. 83:5-8). ’s Wife Location -- Moab and Ammon In the New Testament, the day of the Son of man is compared to the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah (Luke 17:28-29). The followers of Jesus are warned not to desire their former lives, like Lot's wife, but to be willing instead to lose their lives. Losing one's life is the only way to gain life (Luke 17:32). The story of Lot is also used to show the faithfulness of God to rescue his people (2 Pet. 2:7). Receives son Isaac Location -- (Mamre), Wilderness of Paran Then Sarai ( ), whose name had been changed to Sarah (“princess’), had her long- promised son, Isaac (“laughter”), when Abraham was 100 years old. Ishmael’s presence caused trouble in the family, and he was expelled with his mother Hagar to the wilderness of Paran. Commanded to sacrifice Isaac Location -- Hebron and Mt. Moriah (Jerusalem) Abraham’s faith and obedience were tested by God in Moriah when he was commanded to sacrifice Isaac. God provided an alternative sacrifice, however, saving the boy’s life. As a reward for Abraham’s faithfulness, God renewed the covenant promises of great blessing and the growth of a mighty nation to father and son.

Palestine, 2000BC, Dot5, Isaac, Abraham Sarah's son, Jacob's father, Patriarch in Caanan, The Holy Lands, The Levant
Palestine, BC 2000BC, Dot5, Isaac, Abraham Sarah's son, Jacob's father, Patriarch in Caanan, The Holy Lands, The Levant, Type of Christ b almost sacrificed, husband Rebecca, father of Jacob & Esau; Isaac's story with abstract locations.; Righteous Isaac, Commemorated on December 11; Righteous Isaac was the second of the Old Testament Patriarchs, and the son of Abraham (Genesis 17:17-22). God tested Abraham to see if he would sacrifice his son (Genesis 22:1-13), and thus Isaac was a type of Christ. He was the husband of Rebecca (Genesis 24:67), and the father of Jacob and Esau (Genesis 25:19-26). Caanan, The Holy Lands, The Levant; (/ˈkeɪnən/; Phoenician: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍[1] – KNʿN; Hebrew: כְּנַעַן – Kənáʿan, in pausa כְּנָעַן – Kənāʿan; Biblical Greek: Χανααν – Khanaan;[2] Arabic: كَنْعَانُ – Kan‘ān) was a Semitic-speaking civilization and region in the Ancient Near East during the late 2nd millennium BC. had significant geopolitical importance in the Late Bronze Age Amarna Period (14th century BC) as the area where the spheres of interest of the Egyptian, Hittite, Mitanni and Assyrian Empires converged or overlapped. Much of present-day knowledge about Canaan stems from archaeological excavation in this area at sites such as Tel Hazor, Tel Megiddo, En Esur, and Gezer. name "Canaan" appears throughout the Bible, where it corresponds to "the Levant", in particular to the areas of the Southern Levant that provide the main settings of the narratives of the Bible: the Land of Israel, Philistia, and Phoenicia, among others. word Canaanites serves as an ethnic catch-all term covering various indigenous populations—both settled and nomadic-pastoral groups—throughout the regions of the southern Levant or Canaan.[3] It is by far the most frequently used ethnic term in the Bible.[4] The Book of Joshua includes Canaanites in a list of nations to exterminate,[5] scripture elsewhere portrays them as a group which the Israelites had annihilated.[6][7] scholar Mark Smith notes that archaeological data suggests "that the Israelite culture largely overlapped with and derived from Canaanite culture... In short, Israelite culture was largely Canaanite in nature."[8]: 13–14 [9][10] name "Canaanites" is attested, many centuries later, as the endonym of the people later known to the Ancient Greeks from c. 500 BC as Phoenicians,[6] and after the emigration of some Canaanite-speakers to Carthage (founded in the 9th century BC), was also used as a self-designation by the Punics (as "Chanani") of North Africa during Late Antiquity.

Palestine, 2000 BC Dot 5, Patriarch, Jacob, story with locations
Jerusalem Patriarch, 2000 BC, Jacob; Jacob's story with Abstract Locations; Abstract of Jacob's son's locations. ; Jacob's story with Abstract Locations; Righteous Jacob, Commemorated on December 11; Righteous Jacob is mentioned in the book of Genesis, chapters 25-50. had a dream of a ladder (Genesis 28:12-17). Angels were ascending and descending the ladder, and the Lord was above the ladder type of the Mother of God, who united earth to Heaven when she consented to become the mother of the Messiah). Jacob wrestled with God (Genesis 32:22-30), who appeared as a man, and Jacob prevailed. the Lord gave him the name Israel and blessed him. called that place Peniel (The face of God), and said, "I have seen God face to face, and yet my life is preserved."

Palestine, 1570 BC approx., Promised Land Entry in September
Palestine, 1570 BC, Promised Land Entry in September; Church New Year, Commemorated on September 1;

Palestine, 605-562 BC, Judith &Book oJudith, Bethulia, Gaza (where Judith beheaded Holofernes), & background Locations
Palestine, 605-562 BC, Judith and Book of Judith, Bethulia, Gaza (Bethulia, where Judith beheaded Holofernes), Other Book oJudith Locations, Nebuchadnezzar tAssyrian Against Arphad tMede, Nineveh Assyria, Ecbatana Media, Huge stones, Huge walls, towers at gates wide foundations, Wide gates, Plain oRagau, hill country, along Euphrates, Tigris, Hydaspes, wKing oElam itPlains, thus many nations wtChelodites, Then Nebuchadnezzar contacted Persia in the East, Cilicia, Damascus, Lebanon, Antilebanon, &seacoast in the West, like Carmel, Gilead, Upper Galilee, vast plain oEsdraelon, Samaria, Jerusalem, Bethany, Chelous, Kadesh, Nile River, Tahpanhes, Raamses, Goshen, Memphis, all the way to Ethiopia, but they all made light of his summons so he got mad, he swore revenge after he defeats Medes oArphaxad, which he does turning Exbatana into shame, feasted 120 days then out to revenge; Righteous Judith, Commemorated on December 11; about the Righteous Judith may be found in the Old Testament book bearing her name. (See below) Bethulia, Gaza (where Judith beheaded Holofernes) ; 6th century Madaba Map shows a settlement called Betulion (Greek Β[ητ]υλιον) in this location, possibly the Bethulia where Judith beheaded Holofernes in biblical legend.[4] Zuweid (also spelled Sheikh Zoweid, Shaykh Zuwayd, or Sheikh Zouède; Arabic: الشيخ زويد Arabic pronunciation: [aʃˈʃeːx zeˈweːd, -zoˈwæjjed], Coptic: ⲃⲁⲓⲧⲩⲗⲟⲩⲁ, Greek: Bitulion) is a Bedouin town in the North Sinai Governorate of Egypt near the border with the Gaza Strip. It is situated between the cities of Arish and Rafah and is 334 kilometers (214 miles) northeast of Cairo. It has a population of around 60,000 as of 2015.[1] VA remarkable mosaic from Late Antiquity (between the mid-fourth and mid-fifth centuries) was found in Sheikh Zuweid in 1913, known from the archaeological literature as the Sheikh Zouède mosaic (leaning on the French spelling: Cheikh Zouède). It is currently preserved in a museum in Ismailia.[2][3][dubious – discuss] 6th century Madaba Map shows a settlement called Betulion (Greek Β[ητ]υλιον) in this location, possibly the Bethulia where Judith beheaded Holofernes in biblical legend.[4] town is named after Sheikh Zuweid, a commander of the Rashidun Islamic army who fought during the Muslim conquest of Egypt alongside Amr ibn al-'As. He died at the site of the present town in 640.[5] the 2011 Egyptian revolution, protests against the government of Hosni Mubarak were held in Sheikh Zuweid. On 27 January, one protester was killed by security forces attempting to disperse the demonstrations.[6] On 14 May 2011, an unknown group bombed the Sufi shrine in Sheikh Zuweid.[5] As many as 70 ISIS affiliated militants using mortars and car bombs attacked five Army checkpoints just north of the city on July 1, 2015. The attacks killed 30 Egyptian soldiers and were part of a larger group of coordinated attacks across the Sinai.[7] Book of Judith; Chapter 1 Against Arphaxad.* was the twelfth year* of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, who ruled over the Assyrians in the great city of Nineveh. At that time Arphaxad was ruling over the Medes in Ecbatana.a Around Ecbatana he built a wall of hewn stones, three cubits thick and six cubits long. He made the walls seventy cubits high and fifty cubits wide. its gates he raised towers one hundred cubits high with foundations sixty cubits wide. made its gates seventy cubits high and forty cubits wide to allow passage of his mighty forces, with his infantry in formation. that time King Nebuchadnezzar waged war against King Arphaxad in the vast plain that borders Ragau.* to him were all who lived in the hill country, all who lived along the Euphrates, the Tigris, and the Hydaspes, as well as Arioch, king of the Elamites, in the plains. Thus many nations joined the ranks of the Chelodites.* b Nebuchadnezzar, king of the Assyrians, contacted all the inhabitants of Persia* and all who lived in the west, the inhabitants of Cilicia and Damascus, Lebanon and Antilebanon, and all who lived along the seacoast, peoples of Carmel, Gilead, Upper Galilee, and the vast plain of Esdraelon, all in Samaria and its cities, and west of the Jordan as far as Jerusalem, Bethany, Chelous, Kadesh,c and the river of Egypt; Tahpanhes,d Raamses, all the land of Goshen, Memphise and beyond, and all the inhabitants of Egypt as far as the borders of Ethiopia. all the inhabitants of the whole land* made light of the summons of Nebuchadnezzar, king of the Assyrians, and would not join him in the war. They were not afraid of him, since he was only a single opponent. So they sent back his envoys empty-handed and disgraced.f Nebuchadnezzar fell into a violent rage against all the land, and swore by his throne and his kingdom that he would take revenge on all the territories of Cilicia, Damascus, and Syria, and would destroy with his sword all the inhabitants of Moab, Ammon, the whole of Judea, and all those living in Egypt as far as the coasts of the two seas.* of Arphaxad. the seventeenth year* he mustered his forces against King Arphaxad and was victorious in his campaign. He routed the whole force of Arphaxad, his entire cavalry, and all his chariots, took possession of his cities. He pressed on to Ecbatana, took its towers, sacked its marketplaces, and turned its glory into shame. captured Arphaxad in the mountains of Ragau, ran him through with spears, and utterly destroyed him once and for all. he returned to Nineveh with all his consolidated forces, a very great multitude of warriors; and there he and his forces relaxed and feasted for one hundred and twenty days.g the rest online

Palestine, 605-562 BC, Judith &Book oJudith, nTrust God fear, beautiful widow, decapitates General, israel saved, rUnmarried
Palestine, 605-562 BC, Judith and Book of Judith, Bethulia, Gaza (Bethulia, where Judith beheaded Holofernes), daring beautiful widow, upset leaders not trusting God, goes wMaid to enemy general Holofernes, promising info, gets into his tent, decapitates him, brings head back, Babylonian Assyrian enemies leave, israel saved, remains unmarried; Righteous Judith, Commemorated on December 11; about the Righteous Judith may be found in the Old Testament book bearing her name. (See below) Bethulia, Gaza (where Judith beheaded Holofernes) ; 6th century Madaba Map shows a settlement called Betulion in this location, possibly the Bethulia where Judith beheaded Holofernes in biblical legend.[4] Zuweid is a Bedouin town in the North Sinai Governorate of Egypt near the border with the Gaza Strip. It is situated between the cities of Arish and Rafah and is 334 kilometers (214 miles) northeast of Cairo. It has a population of around 60,000 as of 2015.[1] remarkable mosaic from Late Antiquity (between the mid-fourth and mid-fifth centuries) was found in Sheikh Zuweid in 1913, known from the archaeological literature as the Sheikh Zouède mosaic (leaning on the French spelling: Cheikh Zouède). It is currently preserved in a museum in Ismailia.[2][3][dubious – discuss] 6th century Madaba Map shows a settlement called Betulion in this location, possibly the Bethulia where Judith beheaded Holofernes in biblical legend.[4] Pagination Previous chapter Previous chapter 1 Against Arphaxad.* was the twelfth year* of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, who ruled over the Assyrians in the great city of Nineveh. At that time Arphaxad was ruling over the Medes in Ecbatana.a Around Ecbatana he built a wall of hewn stones, three cubits thick and six cubits long. He made the walls seventy cubits high and fifty cubits wide. its gates he raised towers one hundred cubits high with foundations sixty cubits wide. made its gates seventy cubits high and forty cubits wide to allow passage of his mighty forces, with his infantry in formation. that time King Nebuchadnezzar waged war against King Arphaxad in the vast plain that borders Ragau.* to him were all who lived in the hill country, all who lived along the Euphrates, the Tigris, and the Hydaspes, as well as Arioch, king of the Elamites, in the plains. Thus many nations joined the ranks of the Chelodites.* b Nebuchadnezzar, king of the Assyrians, contacted all the inhabitants of Persia* and all who lived in the west, the inhabitants of Cilicia and Damascus, Lebanon and Antilebanon, and all who lived along the seacoast, peoples of Carmel, Gilead, Upper Galilee, and the vast plain of Esdraelon, all in Samaria and its cities, and west of the Jordan as far as Jerusalem, Bethany, Chelous, Kadesh,c and the river of Egypt; Tahpanhes,d Raamses, all the land of Goshen, Memphise and beyond, and all the inhabitants of Egypt as far as the borders of Ethiopia. all the inhabitants of the whole land* made light of the summons of Nebuchadnezzar, king of the Assyrians, and would not join him in the war. They were not afraid of him, since he was only a single opponent. So they sent back his envoys empty-handed and disgraced.f Nebuchadnezzar fell into a violent rage against all the land, and swore by his throne and his kingdom that he would take revenge on all the territories of Cilicia, Damascus, and Syria, and would destroy with his sword all the inhabitants of Moab, Ammon, the whole of Judea, and all those living in Egypt as far as the coasts of the two seas.* of Arphaxad. the seventeenth year* he mustered his forces against King Arphaxad and was victorious in his campaign. He routed the whole force of Arphaxad, his entire cavalry, and all his chariots, took possession of his cities. He pressed on to Ecbatana, took its towers, sacked its marketplaces, and turned its glory into shame. captured Arphaxad in the mountains of Ragau, ran him through with spears, and utterly destroyed him once and for all. he returned to Nineveh with all his consolidated forces, a very great multitude of warriors; and there he and his forces relaxed and feasted for one hundred and twenty days.g See the rest online Book of Judith; Book of Judith is a deuterocanonical book included in the Septuagint and the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christian Old Testament of the Bible but excluded from the Hebrew canon and assigned by Protestants to the apocrypha. tells of a Jewish widow, Judith, who uses her beauty and charm to trick and kill an Assyrian general who has besieged her city, Bethulia. With this act, she saves nearby Jerusalem from total destruction. The name Judith, meaning "praised" or "Jewess",[1] is the feminine form of Judah. Plot summary story revolves around Judith, a daring and beautiful widow, who is upset with her Jewish countrymen for not trusting God to deliver them from their foreign conquerors. She goes with her loyal maid to the camp of the enemy general, Holofernes, with whom she slowly ingratiates herself, promising him information on the Israelites. Gaining his trust, she is allowed access to his tent one night as he lies in a drunken stupor. She decapitates him, then takes his head back to her fearful countrymen. Assyrians, having lost their leader, disperse, and Israel is saved.[39] Though she is courted by many, Judith remains unmarried for the rest of her life. structure Book of Judith can be split into two parts or "acts" of approximately equal length. 1–7 describe the rise of the threat to Israel, led by the evil king Nebuchadnezzar and his sycophantic general Holofernes, and is concluded as Holofernes' worldwide campaign has converged at the mountain pass where Judith's village, Bethulia, is located.[40] 8–16 then introduce Judith and depict her heroic actions to save her people. first part, although at times tedious[according to whom?] in its description of the military developments, develops important themes by alternating battles with reflections and rousing action with rest. In contrast, the second half is devoted mainly to Judith's strength of character and the beheading scene.[40] Judit and her maid, Artemisia Gentileschi, Italy, 1619 Part I (1:1–7:23) A. Campaign against disobedient nations; the people surrender (1:1–2:13) B. Israel is "greatly terrified" (2:14–3:10) C. Joakim prepares for war (4:1–15) D. Holofernes talks with Achior (5:1–6.9) E. Achior is expelled by Assyrians (6:10–13) E'. Achior is received in the village of Bethulia (6:14–15) D'. Achior talks with the people (6:16–21) C'. Holofernes prepares for war (7:1–3) B'. Israel is "greatly terrified" (7:4–5) A'. Campaign against Bethulia; the people want to surrender (7:6–32) Part II (8:1–16:25) A. Introduction of Judith (8:1–8) B. Judith plans to save Israel (8:9–10:8), including her extended prayer (9:1–14) C. Judith and her maid leave Bethulia (10:9–10) D. Judith beheads Holofernes (10:11–13:10a) Judith Returns to Bethulia, 1860 woodcut by Julius Schnorr von Karolsfeld C'. Judith and her maid return to Bethulia (13.10b–11) B'. Judith plans the destruction of Israel's enemy (13:12–16:20) A'. Conclusion about Judith (16.1–25)[40]

Palestine, 000, 1st C Folder, Philemon&Apphia, 5 Apostles, Lydda Icon, Lydia Dorcas Phoebe, Cornelius

Palestine, 30-38, THOMAS, Madras, Doubting Thomas, p loyal, aTouching greatest apostle, many places&arab icon appearances
India, 38-72, Apostle Thomas, Madras, absent when Jesus appeared on Easter Day, refused tBelieve resurrection, until he saw him and said My Lord..., Doubting Thomas, but previously proven loyal, let us also go..., at last supper said we don't know where you go, How do we know the way, Jesus said I am the way, preached in india, Kerla district, Madras, still Christians there connected to Thomas, From OCA Thomas fPansata Galilee, fisherman, hearing Jesus he left all and followed him, one of the 12, not present Pascha, unless I see his hands, 8days later My Lord My God, Thomas toiled more bravely zealously tirelessly than them all, he went to nearly al the earth's people, tPalestine Mesopotamia Parthia Ethiopia and India, died as martyr after converting wife son Perfect oMelipur, his relics to India Hungary Mt Athos, Arabian Icon appeared to him in Ethiopia Arabia & India; Holy, Glorious Apostle Thomas, Commemorated on October 6, ; East Africa, 1st Century, Apostle Thomas; the Apostle was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament. Thomas is commonly known as "Doubting Thomas" because he doubted Jesus' resurrection when first told of it (as related in the Gospel of John alone); later, he confessed his faith ("My Lord and my God") on seeing Jesus' crucifixion wounds. to traditional accounts of the Saint Thomas Christians of modern-day Kerala in India, Thomas is believed to have travelled outside the Roman Empire to preach the Gospel, travelling as far as the Tamilakam which is in South India.[1][5][6][7] According to their tradition, Thomas reached Muziris of Tamilakam (modern-day North Paravur and Kodungalloor in Kerala State, India) in AD 52.[8][9][1] In 1258, some of the relics were brought to Ortona, in Abruzzo, Italy, where they have been held in the Church of Saint Thomas the Apostle.[10] He is often regarded as the patron saint of India among its Christian adherents,[11][12] and the Feast of Saint Thomas on July 3 is celebrated as Indian Christian Day by believers belonging to many Christian denominations.[13][14] The name Thomas remains quite popular among the Saint Thomas Christians of the Indian subcontinent. Arapet Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on September 6; Arapet, or “Arabian” Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos appeared while the holy Apostle Thomas (October 6) was evangelizing Ethiopia, Arabia, and India. of the usual three stars (signifying the perpetual virginity of the Mother of God), the outer garment of the Theotokos has three circles with the head of an angel inside each one. In this feature, it resembles the icons “In Giving Birth you Preserved your Virginity” (“A Virgin Before and After Giving Birth”) (October 17) and “O All-Hymned Mother” (October 6). Holy, Glorious Apostle Thomas, Commemorated on October 6, From OCA Thomas fPansata Galilee, fisherman, hearing Jesus he left all and followed him, one of the 12, not present Pascha, unless I see his hands, 8days later My Lord My God, Thomas toiled more bravely zealously tirelessly than them all, he went to nearly al the earth's people, tPalestine Mesopotamia Parthia Ethiopia and India, died as martyr after converting wife son Perfect oMelipur, his relics to India Hungary Mt Athos, Arabian Icon appeared to him in Ethiopia Arabia & India; Holy and Glorious Apostle Thomas was born in the Galilean city of Pansada was a fisherman. the good tidings of Jesus Christ, he left all and followed after Him. Apostle Thomas is included in the number of the holy Twelve Apostles of the Savior. to Holy Scripture, the holy Apostle Thomas did not believe the reports of the other disciples about the Resurrection of Jesus Christ: “Unless I see in His hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into His side, I will not believe” (John 20:25). the eighth day after the Resurrection, the Lord appeared to the Apostle Thomas and showed him His wounds. “My Lord and my God,” the Apostle cried out (John 20:28). “Thomas, being once weaker in faith than the other apostles,” says Saint John Chrysostom, “toiled through the grace of God more bravely, more zealously and tirelessly than them all, that he went preaching over nearly all the earth, not fearing to proclaim the Word of God to savage nations.” icons depicting this event are inscribed “The Doubting Thomas.” is incorrect. In Greek, the inscription reads, “The Touching of Thomas.” Slavonic, it says, “The Belief of Thomas.” Saint Thomas touched the Life-giving side of the Lord, he no longer had any doubts. to Church Tradition, the holy Apostle Thomas founded Christian churches in Palestine, Mesopotamia, Parthia, Ethiopia and India. the Gospel earned him a martyr’s death. having converted the wife and son of the prefect of the Indian city of Meliapur [Melipur], the holy apostle was locked up in prison, suffered torture, and finally, pierced with five spears, he departed to the Lord. of the relics of the holy Apostle Thomas are in India, in Hungary and on Mt. Athos. name of the Apostle Thomas is associated with the Arabian (or Arapet) Icon of the Mother of God (September 6). THOMAS THE APOSTLE, (21 DEC NT); Apostle Thomas (Hebrew or Aramaic for "twin") was also called "Didymus" (Greek for "twin"). was absent when the Risen Lord appeared to the other apostles on the evening of Easter Day, refused to believe that Christ had indeed risen until he had seen him for himself, when he had seen Him, he said to Him, "My Lord and My God." (John 20:19-29) of this episode, he has been known ever since as "Doubting Thomas." we ought also to remember his earlier words, when Jesus announced His intention of going to the Jerusalem area, aside the protests of His disciples that His life was in danger there, at which Thomas said to the others: us also go, that we may die with him." (John 11:7,8,16) Thomas was pessimistic, he was also sturdily loyal. the Last Supper, Jesus said: "I go to prepare a place for you.... And whither I go ye know, and the way ye know." replied: "Lord, we know not whither thou goest, and how can we know the way?" this Jesus answered: "I am the way, the truth and the life." (John 14:1-6) Thomas is mentioned again (John 21) as one of the seven disciples who were fishing on the Sea of Galilee (Sea of Tiberias) when the Risen Lord appeared to them. from this he appears in the New Testament only as a name on lists of the Apostles. couple of centuries later a story was circulating in the Mediterranean world that he had gone to preach in India; there is a Christian community in India (the Kerala district) that claims descent from Christians converted by the the preaching of Thomas. tradition among Christians in India is that Thomas was speared to death near Madras, accordingly he is often pictured holding a spear. Paintings of martyrs often show them holding or accompanied by the instruments with which they were put to death. recently discovered work called the Gospel of Thomas is a collection of sayings attributed to Jesus. I know of no scholarly support for the notion that it is the work of the Apostle Thomas, but some scholars think that some of the sayings in it may be authentic sayings of Jesus. POEM These things did Thomas hold for real: the warmth of blood, the chill of steel, the grain of wood, the heft of stone, the last frail twitch of blood and bone. His brittle certainties denied that one could live when one had died, until his fingers read like Braille the markings of the spear and nail. May we, O God, by grace believe and, in believing, still receive the Christ who held His raw palms out and beckoned Thomas from his doubt. (Thomas Troeger, 1984, Psalter/Hymnal of the Christian Reformed Church) by James Kiefer

Palestine, 30-68, Apostle Philemon and wife Apphia, Bishop of Gaza, Church in their home, slave Onesimus, friend Archippus, stoned to death
Phyrgia, 30-68, Apostle Philemon and wife Apphia, Colossae, Phyrgia, Church in their home, slave Onesimus, friend Archippus, stoned to death; Colossae or Chonae means plunging. ; Apostles of the Seventy Philemon and Archippus, Martyr Apphia, wife of Philemon and Equal-to-the-Apostles, and Onesimus, disciple of Saint Paul Commemorated on November 22 Holy Apostles of the Seventy Philemon and his wife Apphia lived in the city of Colossa in Phrygia. After they were baptized by the holy Apostle Paul, they converted their house into a house of prayer, where all those who believed in Christ gathered and attended services. They devoted themselves to serving the sick and downcast. Philemon became bishop of the city of Gaza, and he preached the Word of God throughout Phrygia. The holy Apostle Paul continued to be his guide, and addressed to him his Epistle filled with love, and in which he sends blessings “to Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellow laborer, and to our beloved Apphia, and to Archippus our fellow soldier, and to the church in thy house” (Phil 1:1-3). Onesimus (February 15), also mentioned in the Epistle, was Saint Philemon’s former slave. Philemon and Apphia, and also Saint Archippus (who also lived at Colossa), all received the crown of martyrdom during the persecution of Nero (54-68). During a pagan festival an enraged crowd rushed into the Christian church when services were going on. All fled in terror, and only Saints Philemon, Archippus and Apphia remained. They seized them and led them off to the city prefect. The crowd beat and stabbed Saint Archippus with knives, and he died on the way to the court. Saints Philemon and Apphia were stoned to death by order of the prefect. memory of the holy Apostles Archippus, Philemon, and Apphia is celebrated also on February 19. Apostles of the Seventy Archippus and Philemon, and Martyr Apphia, Commemorated on February 19; Archippus, Philemon and Apphia, Apostles of the Seventy were students and companions of the holy Apostle Paul. In the Epistle to Philemon, the Apostle Paul names Saint Archippus as his companion, and mentions him again in the Epistle to the Colossians (Col. 4:17). Archippus was bishop of the city of Colossae in Phrygia. Saint Philemon was an eminent citizen of this city, and the Christians gathered in his home to celebrate church services. He was also made a bishop by Saint Paul and he went about the cities of Phrygia, preaching the Gospel. on, he became archpastor of the city of Gaza. Apphia, his wife, took the sick and vagrants into her home, zealously attending to them. She was her husband’s co-worker in proclaiming the Word of God. the persecution against Christians under the emperor Nero (54-68), the holy Apostles Archippus and Philemon and Apphia were brought to trial by the ruler Artocles for confessing faith in Christ. Archippus was brutally slashed with knives. torture, they buried Saints Philemon and Apphia up to the waist in the ground, and stoned them until they died. Archippus is also commemorated on November 22. -----------------------------------------------------

Palestine, 30-68, Apostle Archippus, Colossae, Phyrgia, friends Philemon and wife Apphia and their slave Onesimus, tortured, slashed with knives
Phyrgia, 30-68, Apostle Archippus, Colossae, Phyrgia, friends Philemon and wife Apphia and their slave Onesimus, tortured, slashed with knives; Colossae or Chonae means plunging. ; Apostles of the Seventy Philemon and Archippus, Martyr Apphia, wife of Philemon and Equal-to-the-Apostles, and Onesimus, disciple of Saint Paul Commemorated on November 22 Holy Apostles of the Seventy Philemon and his wife Apphia lived in the city of Colossa in Phrygia. After they were baptized by the holy Apostle Paul, they converted their house into a house of prayer, where all those who believed in Christ gathered and attended services. They devoted themselves to serving the sick and downcast. Philemon became bishop of the city of Gaza, and he preached the Word of God throughout Phrygia. The holy Apostle Paul continued to be his guide, and addressed to him his Epistle filled with love, and in which he sends blessings “to Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellow laborer, and to our beloved Apphia, and to Archippus our fellow soldier, and to the church in thy house” (Phil 1:1-3). Onesimus (February 15), also mentioned in the Epistle, was Saint Philemon’s former slave. Philemon and Apphia, and also Saint Archippus (who also lived at Colossa), all received the crown of martyrdom during the persecution of Nero (54-68). During a pagan festival an enraged crowd rushed into the Christian church when services were going on. All fled in terror, and only Saints Philemon, Archippus and Apphia remained. They seized them and led them off to the city prefect. The crowd beat and stabbed Saint Archippus with knives, and he died on the way to the court. Saints Philemon and Apphia were stoned to death by order of the prefect. memory of the holy Apostles Archippus, Philemon, and Apphia is celebrated also on February 19. Apostles of the Seventy Archippus and Philemon, and Martyr Apphia, Commemorated on February 19; Archippus, Philemon and Apphia, Apostles of the Seventy were students and companions of the holy Apostle Paul. In the Epistle to Philemon, the Apostle Paul names Saint Archippus as his companion, and mentions him again in the Epistle to the Colossians (Col. 4:17). Archippus was bishop of the city of Colossae in Phrygia. Saint Philemon was an eminent citizen of this city, and the Christians gathered in his home to celebrate church services. He was also made a bishop by Saint Paul and he went about the cities of Phrygia, preaching the Gospel. on, he became archpastor of the city of Gaza. Apphia, his wife, took the sick and vagrants into her home, zealously attending to them. She was her husband’s co-worker in proclaiming the Word of God. the persecution against Christians under the emperor Nero (54-68), the holy Apostles Archippus and Philemon and Apphia were brought to trial by the ruler Artocles for confessing faith in Christ. Archippus was brutally slashed with knives. torture, they buried Saints Philemon and Apphia up to the waist in the ground, and stoned them until they died. Archippus is also commemorated on November 22. -----------------------------------------------------

Palestine, 33-1st Century, Apostle Thomas of the Twelve, founded churches in Palestine
Apostle Thomas of the Twelve; Holy, Glorious Apostle Thomas, Commemorated on October 6; to Church Tradition, the holy Apostle Thomas founded Christian churches in Palestine, Mesopotamia, Parthia, Ethiopia and India. Holy and Glorious Apostle Thomas was born in the Galilean city of Pansada and was a fisherman. Hearing the good tidings of Jesus Christ, he left all and followed after Him. The Apostle Thomas is included in the number of the holy Twelve Apostles of the Savior. According to Holy Scripture, the holy Apostle Thomas did not believe the reports of the other disciples about the Resurrection of Jesus Christ: “Unless I see in His hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into His side, I will not believe” (John 20:25). On the eighth day after the Resurrection, the Lord appeared to the Apostle Thomas and showed him His wounds. “My Lord and my God,” the Apostle cried out (John 20:28). “Thomas, being once weaker in faith than the other apostles,” says Saint John Chrysostom, “toiled through the grace of God more bravely, more zealously and tirelessly than them all, so that he went preaching over nearly all the earth, not fearing to proclaim the Word of God to savage nations.” Some icons depicting this event are inscribed “The Doubting Thomas.” This is incorrect. In Greek, the inscription reads, “The Touching of Thomas.” In Slavonic, it says, “The Belief of Thomas.” When Saint Thomas touched the Life-giving side of the Lord, he no longer had any doubts. to Church Tradition, the holy Apostle Thomas founded Christian churches in Palestine, Mesopotamia, Parthia, Ethiopia and India. the Gospel earned him a martyr’s death. For having converted the wife and son of the prefect of the Indian city of Meliapur [Melipur], the holy apostle was locked up in prison, suffered torture, and finally, pierced with five spears, he departed to the Lord. Part of the relics of the holy Apostle Thomas are in India, in Hungary and on Mt. Athos. The name of the Apostle Thomas is associated with the Arabian (or Arapet) Icon of the Mother of God (September 6).

Palestine, 33-1st Century, Apostle Philip, in Azotus, where he healed and eye affliction and baptized whole family
Greece, 1st Century, Apostle Philip; Holy, All-Praised Apostle Philip, Commemorated on November 14; Holy and All-praised Apostle Philip was a native of the city of Bethsaida in Galilee. had a profound depth of knowledge of the Holy Scripture, and rightly discerning the meaning of the Old Testament prophecies, he awaited the coming of the Messiah. the call of the Savior (John 1:43), Philip followed Him. Apostle Philip is spoken about several times in the Holy Gospel: he brought to Christ the Apostle Nathaniel (i.e. Bartholomew, April 22, June 30, and August 25. See John. 1:46). The Lord asks him where to buy bread for five thousand men (John. 6: 5-7). He brought certain of the Hellenized Jews wanting to see Jesus (John. 12:21-22); and finally, at the Last Supper he asked Christ to show them the Father (John. 14:8). the Ascension of the Lord, the Apostle Philip preached the Word of God in Galilee, accompanying his preaching with miracles. Thus, he restored to life a dead infant in the arms of its mother. Galilee he went to Greece, and preached among the Jews that had settled there. Some of them reported the preaching of the Apostle to Jerusalem. In response, some scribes arrived in Greece from Jerusalem, with one of the Jewish chief priests at their head, to interrogate the Apostle Philip. Apostle Philip exposed the lie of the chief priest, who said that the disciples of Christ had stolen away and hidden the body of Christ. Philip told instead how the Pharisees had bribed the soldiers on watch, to deliberately spread this rumor. the Jewish chief priest and his companions began to insult the Lord and lunged at the Apostle Philip, they suddenly were struck blind. By his prayer the Apostle restored everyone’s sight. Seeing this miracle, many believed in Christ. The Apostle Philip provided a bishop for them, by the name of Narcissus (one of the Seventy Apostles, January 4). Greece the Apostle Philip went to Parthia, and then to the city of Azotus, where he healed an eye affliction of the daughter of a local resident named Nikoklides, who had received him into his home, and then baptized his whole family. Azotus the Apostle Philip set out to Syrian Hieropolis (there were several cities of this name) where, stirred up by the Pharisees, the Jews burned the house of Heros, who had taken in the Apostle Philip, and they wanted to kill the apostle. The apostle performed several miracles: the healing of the hand of the city official Aristarchus, withered when he attempted to strike the apostle; and restoring a dead child to life. When they saw these marvels, they repented and many accepted holy Baptism. After making Heros the bishop at Hieropolis, the Apostle Philip went on to Syria, Asia Minor, Lydia, Emessa, and everywhere preaching the Gospel and undergoing sufferings. Both he and his sister Mariamne (February 17) were pelted with stones, locked up in prison, and thrown out of villages. the Apostle Philip arrived in the city of Phrygian Hieropolis, where there were many pagan temples. There was also a pagan temple where people worshiped an enormous serpent as a god. The Apostle Philip by the power of prayer killed the serpent and healed many bitten by snakes. those healed was the wife of the city prefect, Amphipatos. Having learned that his wife had accepted Christianity, the prefect Amphipatos gave orders to arrest Saint Philip, his sister, and the Apostle Bartholomew traveling with them. At the urging of the pagan priests of the temple of the serpent, Amphipatos ordered the holy Apostles Philip and Bartholomew to be crucified. an earthquake struck, and it knocked down all those present at the place of judgment. Hanging upon the cross by the pagan temple of the serpent, the Apostle Philip prayed for those who had crucified him, asking God to save them from the ravages of the earthquake. Seeing this happen, the people believed in Christ and began to demand that the apostles be taken down from the crosses. The Apostle Bartholomew was still alive when he was taken down, and he baptized all those believing and established a bishop for them. the Apostle Philip, through whose prayers everyone remained alive, except for Amphipatos and the pagan priests, died on the cross. his sister buried his body, and went with the Apostle Bartholomew to preach in Armenia, where the Apostle Bartholomew was crucified (June 11); Mariamne herself then preached until her own death at Lykaonia. holy Apostle Philip is not to be confused with Saint Philip the Deacon (October 11), one of the Seventy.

Palestine, 34, Lydda Icon, Diospolis, new church, Peter&Johnl, go there I will be with you
Palestine, 34, Lydda Icon, Diospolis; Lydda or Lod or Diospolis; St Tabitha the Widow, raised from the dead by the Apostle Peter, Commemorated October 25 ; Icon œNot Made by Hands from Lydda, Commemorated on March 12; wonderworking Lydda Icon is mentioned in the service for the Kazan Icon (July 8 & October 22) in the third Ode of the Canon. to Tradition, the Apostles Peter and John were preaching in Lydda (later called Diospolis) near Jerusalem. There they built a church dedicated to the Most Holy Theotokos, then went to Jerusalem and asked her to come and sanctify the church by her presence. She sent them back to Lydda and said, “Go in peace, and I shall be there with you.” at Lydda, they found an icon of the Virgin imprinted in color on the wall of the church (some sources say the image was on a pillar). Then the Mother of God appeared and rejoiced at the number of people who had gathered there. She blessed the icon and gave it the power to work miracles. This icon was not made by the hand of man, but by a divine power. the Apostate (reigned 361-363) heard about the icon and tried to eradicate it. Masons with sharp tools chipped away at the image, but the paint and lines just seemed to penetrate deeper into the stone. Those whom the emperor had sent were unable to destroy the icon. As word of this miracle spread, millions of people came to venerate the icon. the eighth century, Saint Germanus, the future Patriarch of Constantinople (May 12) passed through Lydda. He had a copy of the icon made, and sent it to Rome during the iconoclastic controversy. It was placed in the church of Saint Peter, and was the source of many healings. In 842, the reproduction was returned to Constantinople and was known as the Roman Icon (June 26). oldest sources of information for the Lydda Icon are a document attributed to Saint Andrew of Crete in 726, a letter written by three eastern Patriarchs to the iconoclast emperor Theophilus in 839, and a work of George the Monk in 886. The icon still existed as late as the ninth century. Icon of the Mother of God of Lydda or œthe Roman, Commemorated on June 26; Story wonderworking Lydda Icon is mentioned in the service for the Kazan Icon (July 8 & October 22) in the third Ode of the Canon. to Tradition, the Apostles Peter and John were preaching in Lydda (later called Diospolis) near Jerusalem. There they built a church dedicated to the Most Holy Theotokos, then went to Jerusalem and asked her to come and sanctify the church by her presence. She sent them back to Lydda and said, “Go in peace, and I shall be there with you.” at Lydda, they found an icon of the Virgin imprinted in color on the wall of the church (some sources say the image was on a pillar). Then the Mother of God appeared and rejoiced at the number of people who had gathered there. She blessed the icon and gave it the power to work miracles. This icon was not made by the hand of man, but by a divine power. the Apostate (reigned 361-363) heard about the icon and tried to eradicate it. Masons with sharp tools chipped away at the image, but the paint and lines just seemed to penetrate deeper into the stone. Those whom the emperor had sent were unable to destroy the icon. As word of this miracle spread, millions of people came to venerate the icon. the eighth century, Saint Germanus, the future Patriarch of Constantinople (May 12) passed through Lydda. He had a copy of the icon made, and sent it to Rome during the iconoclastic controversy. It was placed in the church of Saint Peter, and was the source of many healings. In 842, the reproduction was returned to Constantinople and was known as the Roman Icon (June 26). oldest sources of information for the Lydda Icon are a document attributed to Saint Andrew of Crete in 726, a letter written by three eastern Patriarchs to the iconoclast emperor Theophilus in 839, and a work of George the Monk in 886. icon still existed as late as the ninth century. The Lydda Icon of the Mother of God is also commemorated on March 12.

Palestine, 34-1st Century, Apostle Amplias of the Seventy, Bishop of Lydda or Diospolis
Apostle Amplias of the Seventy; Lydda or Lod; Apostle Zenas of the Seventy, Commemorated September 27 ; St Tabitha the Widow, raised from the dead by the Apostle Peter, Commemorated October 25 ; Apostle Amplias of the Seventy, Commemorated October 31 ; Amplias was a bishop in the city of Diospolis. Apostle Amplias of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles was established by the Orthodox Church to indicate the equal honor of each of the Seventy. They were sent two by two by the Lord Jesus Christ to go before Him into the cities He would visit (Luke 10:1). the celebration of the Synaxis of the Holy Disciples, the Church celebrates the memory of each of them during the course of the year: Saint James the Brother of the Lord (October 23); Mark the Evangelist (April 25); Luke the Evangelist (October 18); Cleopas (October 30), brother of Saint Joseph the Betrothed, and Simeon his son (April 27); Barnabas (June 11); Joses, or Joseph, named Barsabas or Justus (October 30); Thaddeus (August 21); Ananias (October 1); Protomartyr Stephen the Archdeacon (December 27); Philip the Deacon (October 11); Prochorus the Deacon (28 July); Nicanor the Deacon (July 28 and December 28); Timon the Deacon (July 28 and December 30); Parmenas the Deacon (July 28); Timothy (January 22); Titus (August 25); Philemon (November 22 and February 19); Onesimus (February 15); Epaphras and Archippus (November 22 and February 19); Silas, Silvanus, Crescens or Criscus (July 30); Crispus and Epaenetos (July 30); Andronicus (May 17 and July 30); Stachys, Amplias, Urban, Narcissus, Apelles (October 31); Aristobulus (October 31 and March 16); Herodion or Rodion (April 8 and November 10); Agabus, Rufus, Asyncritus, Phlegon (April 8); Hermas (November 5, November 30 and May 31); Patrobas (November 5); Hermes (April 8); Linus, Gaius, Philologus (November 5); Lucius (September 10); Jason (April 28); Sosipater (April 28 and November 10); Olympas or Olympanus (November 10 ); Tertius (October 30 and November 10); Erastos (November 30), Quartus (November 10); Euodius (September 7); Onesiphorus (September 7 and December 8); Clement (November 25); Sosthenes (December 8); Apollos (March 30 and December 8); Tychicus, Epaphroditus (December 8); Carpus (May 26); Quadratus (September 21); Mark (September 27), called John, Zeno (September 27); Aristarchus (April 15 and September 27); Pudens and Trophimus (April 15); Mark nephew of Barnabas, Artemas (October 30); Aquila (July 14); Fortunatus (June 15) and Achaicus (January 4). the Descent of the Holy Spirit the Seventy Apostles preached in various lands. Some accompanied the Twelve Apostles, like the holy Evangelists Mark and Luke, or Saint Paul’s companion Timothy, or Prochorus,the disciple of the holy Evangelist John the Theologian, and others. Many of them were thrown into prison for Christ, and many received the crown of martyrdom. are two more Apostles of the Seventy: Saint Cephas, to whom the Lord appeared after the Resurrection (1 Cor. 15:5-6), and Simeon, called Niger (Acts 13:1). They also were glorified by apostolic preaching. are discrepancies and errors in some lists of the Seventy Apostles. In a list attributed to Saint Dorotheus of Tyre (June 5) some names are repeated (Rodion, or Herodion, Apollos, Tychicus, Aristarchus), while others are omitted (Timothy, Titus, Epaphras, Archippus, Aquila, Olympas). Saint Demetrius of Rostov consulted the Holy Scripture, the traditions passed down by the Fathers, and the accounts of trustworthy historians when he attempted to correct the mistakes and uncertainties in the list in compiling his collection of Lives of the Saints. Church in particular venerates and praises the Seventy Apostles because they taught us to honor the Trinity One in Essence and Undivided. the ninth century Saint Joseph the Hymnographer composed the Canon for the Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles of Christ. Icon œNot Made by HandsÂ from Lydda, Commemorated on March 12; Icon of the Mother of God of Lydda or œthe RomanÂ, Commemorated on June 26;

Palestine, 35-61, Apostle Apollos, Alexandria native, eloquent in scriptures, to Ephesus, HS, Corinth Achaia, Crete, Smyrna bishop
Egypt, 35-61, Apostle Apollos, Alexandria native, eloquent in scriptures, to Ephesus, HS, Corinth Achaia, Crete, Smyrna bishop; Alexandria; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on December 8 ; Apollos (September 10) was a native of Alexandria and was a man of erudition. The chief place of his service was at Corinth. He toiled there for a long time and converted many to Christ. Towards the end of his life he preached on the island of Crete and was Bishop of Caesarea. Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; the Acts of the Holy Apostles we read the following: “A certain Jew named Apollos, born in Alexandria, eloquent and well-versed in the Scriptures, came to Ephesus. He was instructed in the way of the Lord; and being fervent in the spirit, he spoke and taught diligently the things of the Lord, knowing only the baptism of John. He began to speak boldly in the synagogue. Hearing him, Aquila and Priscilla took him and more precisely explained to him the way of the Lord. And when he resolved to go to Achaia, the brethren wrote and asked the disciples to receive him. When he got there, he greatly helped those who believed by grace, for he powerfully confounded the Jews in public, showing by the Scriptures that Jesus is the Christ” (Acts 18:24-28). Holy Apostle Apollos assisted the Apostle Paul. Saint Paul speaks about the spread of Christianity among the Corinthians, “I have planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth” (1 Cor.3:6). Saint Apollos was later bishop at Smyrna (Asia Minor). Apollos is also commemorated on December 8 and the Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles on January 4. Holy Apostles of the Seventy: Sosthenes, Apollos, Cephas, Tychicus, Epaphroditus, Caesar, and Onesiphorus, Commemorated on December 8;

Palestine, 35-61, Apostle Sosthenes, Jew aCorinth then Bishop oCaeserea
Greece, 35, Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Corinth and Caeserea ; Sosthenes /ˈsɒsθə.niːz/ (Greek: Σωσθένης, Sōsthénēs, "safe in strength") was the chief ruler of the synagogue at Corinth, who, according to the Acts of the Apostles, was seized and beaten by the mob in the presence of Gallio, the Roman governor, when he refused to proceed against Paul at the instigation of the Jews (Acts 18:12–17). The motives of this assault against Sosthenes are not recorded. Some manuscripts insert the mob was composed of "Greeks"; others read "Jews".[1] Some historians identify this Sosthenes with a companion of Paul the Apostle referred to as "Sosthenes our brother" (Greek: Σωσθένης ὁ ἀδελφός, Sōsthénēs ho adelphos, literally "Sosthenes the brother"), a convert to the Christian faith and co-author of the First Epistle to the Corinthians (1 Corinthians 1:1–2). It is not clear whether this identification is tenable.[1] According to Protestant theologian Heinrich Meyer, "Theodoret and most commentators, including Flatt, Billroth, Ewald, Maier [and] Hofmann, identify Sosthenes with the person so named in Acts 18:17, but this is rightly denied by Michaelis, Pott, Rückert, and de Wette".[2] It has also been suggested that Sosthenes is a later name of Crispus, who is mentioned in Acts 18:8 and 1 Corinthians 1:14.[3] He is traditionally listed among the Seventy Disciples of Luke 10:1.[4] Corinth; Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Commemorated December 8; Sosthenes, before accepting Christianity, was head of the Jewish synagogue at Corinth. a riot against the Apostle Paul, he too suffered a beating. was converted by Paul to faith in Christ and afterwards became bishop at Caesarea.

Palestine, 40, LYDIA, DORCAS & PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, Joppa, Palestine (Jaffa, Tel Aviv, Yarkon River Mouth, Way of the Sea 7)
Palestine, 40, LYDIA, DORCAS AND PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, Joppa, Palestine (Jaffa, Tel Aviv, Yarkon River Mouth, Way of the Sea 7); was an early disciple of Jesus mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles[1][2] (Acts 9:36-43, see discussion here). lived in the port city of Joppa, today absorbed by Tel Aviv. Acts describes her as being known for her "good works and acts of mercy", sewing clothes for the poor.[3][4] she died, the widows of her community mourned her and sent urgently for Peter (Acts 9:38), who was in nearby Lydda. As evidence of her charity, they showed him some of the clothes she had sewn, and according to the biblical account he raised her from the dead.[5] Joppa, now Jaffa, 1 Maccabees Ch 10-15; LYDIA, DORCAS AND PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, 27 JAN. NT ; (or Tabitha in Aramaic -- both names mean "gazelle") is mentioned in Acts 9:36-42. was a member of the early Christian community in Joppa, a seacoast town of Israel, and noted for her acts of charity, in particular for making garments and giving them to needy widows. she fell ill and died, Peter came to see her, and raised her to life. words to her, "Tabitha, kumi," (Tabitha, arise), are reminiscent of the words of Jesus to the daughter of Jairus, "Talitha, kumi," (little girl, arise) as given in Mark 5:41. this is anything more than coincidence is hard to say. If the Aramaic words of Jesus had been quoted by Luke rather than by Mark, one might suppose that Luke was underscoring a resemblance between the two episodes (the reader is invited to look up both stories, the former in M 9:18-26 = P 5:22-43 = L 41-56 and the latter in A 9:36-42). As it is, I am not sure that Luke (or Peter, presumably Mark's source for his account) intends a connection. by James Kiefer

Palestine, 41-54, CORNELIUS, Centurion, angel appeared while praying, send people to Peter, Peter sheet vision, preach to pagans
Palestine, 41-54, Cornelius the Centurion, Joppa, Palestine, virtuous life, monotheist, piety, good deeds, angel appeared while he praying, send people from Caesarea to Joppa to Peter, Peter at prayer, vision great sheet 3 times lowered to him, all kinds beasts and fowl, eat everything, what God cleansed, not calll common, preach to pagans, C first pagan to receive baptism; Joppa, now Jaffa, 1 Maccabees Ch 10-15; Hieromartyr Cornelius the Centurion, Commemorated on September 13; Hieromartyr Cornelius the Centurion: Soon after the sufferings of the Lord Jesus Christ on the Cross and His Ascension into Heaven, a centurion by the name of Cornelius settled at Caesarea in Palestine. had lived previously in Thracian Italy. Although he was a pagan, he distinguished himself by deep piety and good deeds, as the holy Evangelist Luke says (Acts 10:1). The Lord did not disdain his virtuous life, and so led him to the knowledge of truth and to faith in Christ. Cornelius was praying in his home. An angel of God appeared to him and said that his prayer had been heard and accepted by God. angel commanded him to send people to Joppa to find Simon, also called Peter. Cornelius immediately fulfilled the command. those people were on their way to Joppa, the Apostle Peter was at prayer, and he had a vision: three times a great sheet was lowered down to him, filled with all kinds of beasts and fowl. He heard a voice from Heaven commanding him to eat everything. When the apostle refused to eat food which Jewish Law regarded as unclean, the voice said: “What God hath cleansed, you must not call common” (Acts 10:15). this vision the Lord commanded the Apostle Peter to preach the Word of God to the pagans. When the Apostle Peter arrived at the house of Cornelius in the company of those sent to meet him, he was received with great joy and respect by the host together with his kinsmen and comrades. fell down at the feet of the apostle and requested to be taught the way of salvation. Saint Peter talked about the earthly life of Jesus Christ, and spoke of the miracles and signs worked by the Savior, and of His teachings about the Kingdom of Heaven. Then Saint Peter told him of the Lord’s death on the Cross, His Resurrection and Ascension into Heaven. By the grace of the Holy Spirit, Cornelius believed in Christ and was baptized with all his family. He was the first pagan to receive Baptism. retired from the world and went preaching the Gospel together with the Apostle Peter, who made him a bishop. When the Apostle Peter, together with his helpers Saints Timothy and Cornelius, was in the city of Ephesus, he learned of a particularly vigorous idol-worship in the city of Skepsis. Lots were drawn to see who would go there, and Saint Cornelius was chosen. the city lived a prince by the name of Demetrius, learned in the ancient Greek philosophy, hating Christianity and venerating the pagan gods, in particular Apollo and Zeus. Learning about the arrival of Saint Cornelius in the city, he immediately summoned him and asked him the reason for his coming. Saint Cornelius answered that he came to free him from the darkness of ignorance and lead him to knowledge of the True Light. prince, not comprehending the meaning of what was said, became angry and demanded that he answer each of his questions. When Saint Cornelius explained that he served the Lord and that the reason for his coming was to announce the Truth, the prince became enraged and demanded that Cornelius offer sacrifice to the idols. saint asked to be shown the gods. When he entered the pagan temple, Cornelius turned towards the east and uttered a prayer to the Lord. There was an earthquake, and the temple of Zeus and the idols situated in it were destroyed. All the populace, seeing what had happened, were terrified. prince was even more vexed and began to take counsel together with those approaching him, about how to destroy Cornelius. They bound the saint and took him to prison for the night. At this point, one of his servants informed the prince that his wife and child had perished beneath the rubble of the destroyed temple. a certain while, one of the pagan priests, by the name of Barbates, reported that he heard the voice of the wife and son somewhere in the ruins and that they were praising the God of the Christians. The pagan priest asked that the imprisoned one be released, in gratitude for the miracle worked by Saint Cornelius, and the wife and son of the prince remained alive. joyful prince hastened to the prison in the company of those about him, declaring that he believed in Christ and asking him to bring his wife and son out of the ruins of the temple. Saint Cornelius went to the destroyed temple, and through prayer the suffering were freed. this the prince Demetrius, and all his relatives and comrades accepted holy Baptism. Saint Cornelius lived for a long time in this city, converted all the pagan inhabitants to Christ, and made Eunomios a presbyter in service to the Lord. Saint Cornelius died in old age and was buried not far from the pagan temple he destroyed. CORNELIUS THE CENTURION, (7 FEBRUARY); that we know of Cornelius is contained in the Book of Acts (chapters 10 and 11). centurion was a Roman army officer, theoretically in charge of a hundred men. Several centurions are mentioned in the New Testament (Matt 8:5 = Luke 7:2; Matt 27:54 = Luke 23:47; Acts 10:1; 22:25; 23:17,23; 22:23; 27:1), and they are consistently portrayed favorably. Cornelius is called a God-fearer--that is to say, he was a monotheist, a Gentile who worshipped the One God. The Jews traditionally recognized that such Gentiles had a place in the Family of God, and they are mentioned along with the priests (House of Aaron), the Levites (House of Levi), and the Jews or Israelites (House of Israel) in Ps 115:9-13, Ps 118:2-4, and Ps 135:19-20. In New Testament times, an estimated ten per cent of the population of the Roman Empire consisted of God-fearers, Gentiles who recognized that the pagan belief in many gods and goddesses, who according to the myths about them were given to adultery, treachery, intrigue, and the like, was not a religion for a thoughtful and moral worshipper, and who had accordingly embraced an ethical monotheism -- belief in One God, who had created the world, and who was the upholder of the Moral Law. Although only a few of them took the step of formal conversion to Judaism, undergoing circumcision and accepting the obligations of keeping the food laws and ritual laws of Moses and his rabbinical interpreters, most of them attended synagogue services regularly. Cornelius, then, was a Roman centurion, and a God-fearing man. One day, as he was praying, an angel appeared to him and told him to send a messenger to Joppa and ask Peter to come and preach to him. Peter, meanwhile, was given a vision that disposed him to go with the messenger. When Peter had preached to Cornelius and his family and friends, the Holy Spirit fell on them, as on the first Christians at Pentecost (Acts 2), and they began to speak in other tongues. Thus, there was ample evidence to convince Jewish Christians who hesitated to believe that it was the will of God that Gentiles should be brought into the Church. Cornelius was the first Gentile converted to Christianity, along with his household, and Luke, recording this event, clearly regards it as an event of the utmost importance in the history of the early Church, the beginning of the Church's decision to admit Gentiles to full and equal fellowship with Jewish Christians. Cornelius lived in Caesarea, the political capital of Judea under Herod and the Romans. (Given that Jerusalem was a holy city to the Jews, it would have been needlessly provocative for the Romans to establish their headquarters there.) Although he is not mentioned again, he and his household presumably formed the nucleus of the Christian community that we find mentioned later (Acts 8:40; 21:18) in this important city. by James Kiefer

Palestine, 41-54, Cornelius, Centurion, Peter, sheet, eat everything, salvation, Skepsis, idols, earthquake, wife and c
Palestine Centurion, 1st Century, Cornelius the Centurion; Martyr Demetrius with his wife and son, at Skepsis on the Hellespont, Commemorated on September 11 ; Hieromartyr Cornelius the Centurion, Commemorated September 13 ; Hieromartyr Cornelius the Centurion: Soon after the sufferings of the Lord Jesus Christ on the Cross and His Ascension into Heaven, a centurion by the name of Cornelius settled at Caesarea in Palestine. He had lived previously in Thracian Italy. Although he was a pagan, he distinguished himself by deep piety and good deeds, as the holy Evangelist Luke says (Acts 10:1). The Lord did not disdain his virtuous life, and so led him to the knowledge of truth and to faith in Christ. Cornelius was praying in his home. An angel of God appeared to him and said that his prayer had been heard and accepted by God. The angel commande him to send people to Joppa to find Simon, also called Peter. Cornelius immediately fulfilled the command. those people were on their way to Joppa, the Apostle Peter was at prayer, and he had a vision: three times a great sheet was lowered down to him, filled with all kinds of beasts and fowl. He heard a voice from Heaven commanding him to eat everything. When the apostle refused to eat food which Jewish Law regarded as unclean, the voice said: “What God hath cleansed, you must not call common” (Acts 10:15). this vision the Lord commanded the Apostle Peter to preach the Word of God to the pagans. When the Apostle Peter arrived at the house of Cornelius in the company of those sent to meet him, he was received with great joy and respect by the host together with his kinsmen and comrades. fell down at the feet of the apostle and requested to be taught the way of salvation. Saint Peter talked about the earthly life of Jesus Christ, and spoke of the miracles and signs worked by the Savior, and of His teachings about the Kingdom of Heaven. Then Saint Peter told him of the Lord’s death on the Cross, His Resurrection and Ascension into Heaven. By the grace of the Holy Spirit, Cornelius believed in Christ and was baptized with all his family. He was the first pagan to receive Baptism. retired from the world and went preaching the Gospel together with the Apostle Peter, who made him a bishop. When the Apostle Peter, together with his helpers Saints Timothy and Cornelius, was in the city of Ephesus, he learned of a particularly vigorous idol-worship in the city of Skepsis. Lots were drawn to see who would go there, and Saint Cornelius was chosen. the city lived a prince by the name of Demetrius, learned in the ancient Greek philosophy, hating Christianity and venerating the pagan gods, in particular Apollo and Zeus. Learning about the arrival of Saint Cornelius in the city, he immediately summoned him and asked him the reason for his coming. Saint Cornelius answered that he came to free him from the darkness of ignorance and lead him to knowledge of the True Light. prince, not comprehending the meaning of what was said, became angry and demanded that he answer each of his questions. When Saint Cornelius explained that he served the Lord and that the reason for his coming was to announce the Truth, the prince became enraged and demanded that Cornelius offer sacrifice to the idols. saint asked to be shown the gods. When he entered the pagan temple, Cornelius turned towards the east and uttered a prayer to the Lord. There was an earthquake, and the temple of Zeus and the idols situated in it were destroyed. All the populace, seeing what had happened, were terrified. prince was even more vexed and began to take counsel together with those approaching him, about how to destroy Cornelius. They bound the saint and took him to prison for the night. At this point, one of his servants informed the prince that his wife and child had perished beneath the rubble of the destroyed temple. a certain while, one of the pagan priests, by the name of Barbates, reported that he heard the voice of the wife and son somewhere in the ruins and that they were praising the God of the Christians. The pagan priest asked that the imprisoned one be released, in gratitude for the miracle worked by Saint Cornelius, and the wife and son of the prince remained alive. joyful prince hastened to the prison in the company of those about him, declaring that he believed in Christ and asking him to bring his wife and son out of the ruins of the temple. Saint Cornelius went to the destroyed temple, and through prayer the suffering were freed. this the prince Demetrius, and all his relatives and comrades accepted holy Baptism. Saint Cornelius lived for a long time in this city, converted all the pagan inhabitants to Christ, and made Eunomios a presbyter in service to the Lord. Saint Cornelius died in old age and was buried not far from the pagan temple he destroyed.

Palestine, 50, 1st C, CORNELIUS, All we know is contained in Acts, C's Angel, Peter's vision, important early Church history
Rome, 50, 1st C, CORNELIUS, All that we know about Cornelius is contained in Acts, a Roman officer, 100 men, God fearer, 10% Roman Empire God Fearers, ethical monotheism, most attended Synagogue regularly, one day as C praying Angel appeared, told him send messanger tJoppa, ask Peter come preach tHim, Meanwhile Peter given vision that allowed him go with messanger, Peter preached, Holy Spirit fell on them as on Christians aPentecost, they began speaking iOther tongues, which was ample evidence to convince Jewish Christians God's will Gentiles in the Church, Luke regarded this event utmost important early Church history, Cornelius lived in Caesarea, C not mentioned again; Joppa, now Jaffa, 1 Maccabees Ch 10-15; CORNELIUS THE CENTURION, (7 FEBRUARY); that we know of Cornelius is contained in the Book of Acts (chapters 10 and 11). centurion was a Roman army officer, theoretically in charge of a hundred men. Several centurions are mentioned in the New Testament (Matt 8:5 = Luke 7:2; Matt 27:54 = Luke 23:47; Acts 10:1; 22:25; 23:17,23; 22:23; 27:1), and they are consistently portrayed favorably. Cornelius is called a God-fearer--that is to say, he was a monotheist, a Gentile who worshipped the One God. The Jews traditionally recognized that such Gentiles had a place in the Family of God, and they are mentioned along with the priests (House of Aaron), the Levites (House of Levi), and the Jews or Israelites (House of Israel) in Ps 115:9-13, Ps 118:2-4, and Ps 135:19-20. New Testament times, an estimated ten per cent of the population of the Roman Empire consisted of God-fearers, who recognized that the pagan belief in many gods and goddesses, who according to the myths about them were given to adultery, treachery, intrigue, and the like, was not a religion for a thoughtful and moral worshipper, and who had accordingly embraced an ethical monotheism -- belief in One God, who had created the world, and who was the upholder of the Moral Law. only a few of them took the step of formal conversion to Judaism, undergoing circumcision and accepting the obligations of keeping the food laws and ritual laws of Moses and his rabbinical interpreters, of them attended synagogue services regularly. Cornelius, then, was a Roman centurion, and a God-fearing man. day, as he was praying, an angel appeared to him and told him to send a messenger to Joppa and ask Peter to come and preach to him. meanwhile, was given a vision that disposed him to go with the messenger. Peter had preached to Cornelius and his family and friends, the Holy Spirit fell on them, on the first Christians at Pentecost (Acts 2), they began to speak in other tongues. there was ample evidence to convince Jewish Christians who hesitated to believe that it was the will of God that Gentiles should be brought into the Church. Cornelius was the first Gentile converted to Christianity, along with his household, Luke, recording this event, clearly regards it as an event of the utmost importance in the history of the early Church, beginning of the Church's decision to admit Gentiles to full and equal fellowship with Jewish Christians. Cornelius lived in Caesarea, the political capital of Judea under Herod and the Romans. that Jerusalem was a holy city to the Jews, it would have been needlessly provocative for the Romans to establish their headquarters there.) he is not mentioned again, he and his household presumably formed the nucleus of the Christian community that we find mentioned later (Acts 8:40; 21:18) in this important city. by James Kiefer Hieromartyr Cornelius the Centurion, Commemorated on September 13; Hieromartyr Cornelius the Centurion: Soon after the sufferings of the Lord Jesus Christ on the Cross and His Ascension into Heaven, a centurion by the name of Cornelius settled at Caesarea in Palestine. had lived previously in Thracian Italy. Although he was a pagan, he distinguished himself by deep piety and good deeds, as the holy Evangelist Luke says (Acts 10:1). The Lord did not disdain his virtuous life, and so led him to the knowledge of truth and to faith in Christ. Cornelius was praying in his home. An angel of God appeared to him and said that his prayer had been heard and accepted by God. angel commanded him to send people to Joppa to find Simon, also called Peter. Cornelius immediately fulfilled the command. those people were on their way to Joppa, the Apostle Peter was at prayer, and he had a vision: three times a great sheet was lowered down to him, filled with all kinds of beasts and fowl. He heard a voice from Heaven commanding him to eat everything. When the apostle refused to eat food which Jewish Law regarded as unclean, the voice said: “What God hath cleansed, you must not call common” (Acts 10:15). this vision the Lord commanded the Apostle Peter to preach the Word of God to the pagans. When the Apostle Peter arrived at the house of Cornelius in the company of those sent to meet him, he was received with great joy and respect by the host together with his kinsmen and comrades. fell down at the feet of the apostle and requested to be taught the way of salvation. Saint Peter talked about the earthly life of Jesus Christ, and spoke of the miracles and signs worked by the Savior, and of His teachings about the Kingdom of Heaven. Then Saint Peter told him of the Lord’s death on the Cross, His Resurrection and Ascension into Heaven. By the grace of the Holy Spirit, Cornelius believed in Christ and was baptized with all his family. He was the first pagan to receive Baptism. retired from the world and went preaching the Gospel together with the Apostle Peter, who made him a bishop. When the Apostle Peter, together with his helpers Saints Timothy and Cornelius, was in the city of Ephesus, he learned of a particularly vigorous idol-worship in the city of Skepsis. Lots were drawn to see who would go there, and Saint Cornelius was chosen. the city lived a prince by the name of Demetrius, learned in the ancient Greek philosophy, hating Christianity and venerating the pagan gods, in particular Apollo and Zeus. Learning about the arrival of Saint Cornelius in the city, he immediately summoned him and asked him the reason for his coming. Saint Cornelius answered that he came to free him from the darkness of ignorance and lead him to knowledge of the True Light. prince, not comprehending the meaning of what was said, became angry and demanded that he answer each of his questions. When Saint Cornelius explained that he served the Lord and that the reason for his coming was to announce the Truth, the prince became enraged and demanded that Cornelius offer sacrifice to the idols. saint asked to be shown the gods. When he entered the pagan temple, Cornelius turned towards the east and uttered a prayer to the Lord. There was an earthquake, and the temple of Zeus and the idols situated in it were destroyed. All the populace, seeing what had happened, were terrified. prince was even more vexed and began to take counsel together with those approaching him, about how to destroy Cornelius. They bound the saint and took him to prison for the night. At this point, one of his servants informed the prince that his wife and child had perished beneath the rubble of the destroyed temple. a certain while, one of the pagan priests, by the name of Barbates, reported that he heard the voice of the wife and son somewhere in the ruins and that they were praising the God of the Christians. The pagan priest asked that the imprisoned one be released, in gratitude for the miracle worked by Saint Cornelius, and the wife and son of the prince remained alive. joyful prince hastened to the prison in the company of those about him, declaring that he believed in Christ and asking him to bring his wife and son out of the ruins of the temple. Saint Cornelius went to the destroyed temple, and through prayer the suffering were freed. this the prince Demetrius, and all his relatives and comrades accepted holy Baptism. Saint Cornelius lived for a long time in this city, converted all the pagan inhabitants to Christ, and made Eunomios a presbyter in service to the Lord. Saint Cornelius died in old age and was buried not far from the pagan temple he destroyed.

Palestine, 200, 3rd C Folder, Roman Senator Asterius oC wZacchaeus +3, historian Eusebius, Ananias iPhoenicia

Palestine, 260, Marinus of Rome, Martyr, soldier, being promoted to centurion, refused to sacrifice to idols, buried bAsterius
Palestine, 260, Marinus of Rome, Martyr, soldier, being promoted to centurion, refused to sacrifice to idols; Caesarea, Palestine ; Martyr Marinus of Rome, Commemorated December 16 ; Martyr Marinus was a soldier who suffered in Caesarea of Palestine in the third century. he was about to be promoted to centurion, he refused to swear the customary oath invoking the pagan gods, or to offer sacrifice to idols. Saint Marinus was beheaded after cruel tortures, and buried by Saint Asterius (August 7).

Palestine, 260, Asterius the Roman Senator, Caesarea Philippi Palestine, expelled deamon, wrapped Martyr's body in his S Garb
Palestine, 260, Asterius the Senator, Caesarea Philippi, Galilee (Base of Mt Hermon, Jordan River Source, Golan Heights), Christian Roman Senator, during C persecutions, expelled deamon, which exposed sacrifice, wrapped martyr's body in senatorial garb, carried to grave, for doing this beheaded ; Caesarea Philippi; Mark 8:27-9:1 Peter's Declaration about Jesus; Martyr Asterius the Senator at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on August 7; Holy Martyr Asterius the Senator lived during the reign of the pagan emperors Valerian (253-259) and his son Gallienus (260-268). he was a Roman senator, Asterius nonetheless held firmly to the Christian Faith, in spite of the persecutions occurring during those times. while in Palestine, he came to the city of Caesarea Philippi, where by custom a pagan feast was made with the offering of sacrifice to an idol. demon residing in the idol made the sacrifice disappear, and this was looked upon as a great wonder. Asterius expelled the demon by prayer. sacrifice ceased to be invisible, the pagans ceased to celebrate this impious festival. Asterius also happened to be present at the sufferings of the Martyr Marinus (December 16). the execution was over, he took off his senatorial garb, spread it upon the ground and wrapped the head and body of Saint Marinus in it. his own shoulders he carried the martyr’s relics to the grave and reverently consigned them to earth. doing this, he was himself sentenced to death and beheaded in the year 260.

Palestine, 280-340, Eusebius, Church Historian, Arian
Palestine, 280-340, Eusebius, Church Historian, Arian; FABIAN, BISHOP AND MARTYR (20 JANUARY 250);

Palestine, 284-305, Zacchaeus of Caesarea, Palestine, tortured with Alphaeus, Diocletian Persecution, deacon oGadara
Palestine, 284-305, Zacchaeus of Caesarea, Palestine, tortured with Alphaeus, Diocletian Persecution, deacon oGadara, shackled wAlphaeus, prayed all night; Caesarea, Palestine ; Martyr Martyr Zacchaeus the Deacon of Caesarea in Palestine, Commemorated on November 18 ; Holy Martyrs Zacchaeus, Deacon of Gadara, and Alphaeus, Reader of Caesarea, suffered under the emperor Diocletian (284-305). those arrested during the most fierce persecution against Christians was Saint Zacchaeus, a deacon of the Gadara church, who openly confessed his faith and did not renounce Christ under torture. Diocletian persecution was so fierce that many did not endure, and frightened of the tortures, they agreed to offer sacrifice to the pagan gods. Alphaeus, a reader of the church of Caesarea, zealous for the glory of God, approached a crowd of those fallen away from Christ on their way to offer pagan sacrifice. He urged them not to defile themselves with the impious sacrifices. arrested Saint Alphaeus and after tortures and torments they shackled him together with Saint Zacchaeus. They threw the martyrs into prison for the night, where they prayed continually, supporting one another in their resolve to endure all the sufferings for the name of Christ and thereby gain eternal life. The next morning, the holy Martyrs Zacchaeus and Alphaeus were beheaded for confessing Christ. The youth Barulus, Commemorated on November 18; Martyr Procopius the Reader at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on November 22 ;

Palestine, 286-305, Antonius o Caesarea, Palestine (Phonecia, Dor, Way of the Sea 8), beheaded by Maximian w Germanus&Nikephoros
Palestine, 286-305, Caesarea, Palestine (Phonecia, Dor, Way of the Sea 8), beheaded by Maximian w Germanus and Nikephoros ; Caesarea, Palestine ; Martyr Antoninus of Casarea in Palestine, Commemorated November 13 ; Nikephoros, Antoninus, and Germanus were beheaded in Caesarea of Palestine during the reign of Maximian by the ruler Firmilian.

Palestine, 286-305, Manetha o Caesarea, Palestine (Phonecia, Dor, Way of the Sea 8), Paraded naked before beheading
Palestine, 286-305, Manetha o Caesarea, Palestine (Phonecia, Dor, Way of the Sea 8), Paraded naked before beheading; Martyr Manetha of Cæsarea in Palestine, Commemorated on November 13; Manetha was captured along with Saints Antoninus, Nikēphóros and Germanus. She suffered many tortures. She was led naked through the city, was mocked, and received the crown of martyrdom when she was burned alive. Palestine, 286-305, Caesarea, Palestine (Phonecia, Dor, Way of the Sea 8), beheaded by Maximian w Germanus and Nikephoros ; Caesarea, Palestine ; Martyr Antoninus of Casarea in Palestine, Commemorated November 13 ; Nikephoros, Antoninus, and Germanus were beheaded in Caesarea of Palestine during the reign of Maximian by the ruler Firmilian.

Palestine, 295, Ananias tPresbyter's prayers destroyed temple&idols after hammers, fire, salt in burns, guard conversions
Palestine, 295, Ananias tPresbyter, Peter tPrison Guard, &7Soldiers suffered in Phoenicia, Palestine (coastal part of the Fertile Crescent, Lebanon to Gaza), during Diocletian Persecution 284-305, A arrested fPreaching Christ, refusing worship idols, He was beaten with hammers, burnt with fire, and salt was sprinkled on his scorched body, after that His prayers destroyed temple wIdols, Peter&his 7soldiers witnessed, believed, drowned after torture; Phoenicia was an ancient Semitic civilization situated on the western, coastal part of the Fertile Crescent and centered on the coastline of modern Lebanon.; Presbyter Ananias in Phoenicia, Commemorated January 26 ; Holy Martyrs Ananias the Presbyter, Peter the prison guard, and seven soldiers suffered in Phoenicia in the year 295. a persecution of Christians under the emperor Diocletian (284-305), Saint Ananias was brought before Maximus the governor of Phoenicia. He had been arrested for confessing Christ and refusal to worship idols. was beaten with hammers, burnt with fire, and salt was sprinkled on his scorched body. his terrible sufferings, a temple and the idols standing in it were destroyed through the prayers of Saint Ananias. and seven other soldiers who were stationed to guard Ananias and witnessed his suffering came to believe in Christ. They were drowned in the sea after lengthy torture.

Palestine, 300, 4th C Folder, Roman Diocletian Persecution Copper Mines, George's Church, Hilarion tGreat, Martinian's fire

Palestine, 303-313, Roman Diocletian Persecution, Copper Mines in Phaeno, Palestine
Roman Diocletian Persecution, 303-313, copper mines at Phaeno in Palestine and Cilicia in Asia Minor ; Hieromartyr Silvanus of Gaza, Commemorated on October 14; Hieromartyr Silvanus the Bishop of Gaza, and with him 40 Martyrs, Commemorated on May 4 ;

Palestine, 303-313, Hieromartyr Silvanus of Gaza, Gaza Strip, Way of the Sea 5, Palestine, falsely accused, copper mines, beheaded
Palestine, 303-313, Hieromartyr Silvanus of Gaza, Gaza Strip, Way of the Sea 5, Palestine, soldier, priest, falsely accused, copper mines, beheaded w 40 other Christians; Gaza City; Gaza Strip; Hieromartyr Silvanus of Gaza, Commemorated on October 14 ; Holy Hieromartyr Silvanus of Gaza was a native of the city of Gaza. was first a soldier, then a priest. was falsely accused of a crime and sentenced to labor in the copper mines. spite of many tribulations, the saint did not renounce Christ. his old age, he was beheaded together with forty other Christians.

Palestine, 304-305, Zenaida oCaesarea, Palestine, little info other than birth date 284, charism oMiracles & Martyr
Palestine, 304-305, Zenaida oCaesarea, Palestine(Phonecia, Dor, Way of the Sea 8), little info other than birth date 284, charism oMiracles & Martyr; Caesarea, Palestine ; Martyr Zenaida (Zenais) of Caesarea in Palestine, Commemorated on June 7; is very little information about Saint Zenaida, except that she was born in 284, in Caesarea of Palestine, that she was found worthy of the charism of working miracles. ended the course of her life with a martyric death. Byzantine Synaxarion mentions that Saint Zenaida's veneration was widespread in Constantinople, where her Synaxis took place on June 6, at a church dedicated to her in the Basilisk district. are a number of hagiographic sources which mention the name of Saint Zenaida. Among them, a Neapolitan calendar of the IX century (June 7); a printed Greek Menaion (Venice, 1591; and the Synaxaristes of Saint Νikodemos of the Holy Mountain. the Roman Martyrology of Cardinal Caesar Baronius, Zenaida is mistakenly listed under June 5 with the martyrs Valeria, Kyriake

Palestine, 305, Peter Apselamus oAneia, Persecution oMaximian, said sparing self because those sacrificing tIdols will perish
Palestine, 305, Palestine (area between Mediterranean Sea and Jordan River), Diocletian Persecution oMaximian, said sparing self because those sacrificing tIdols will perish ; Palestine is a geographic region in Western Asia between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River.; Martyr Peter Apselamus of Palestine, Commemorated on January 12 ; Holy Martyr Peter Apselamus was a native of the village of Aneia in Palestine. the fourth century persecution against Christians he was arrested and brought to Severus, the governor of Palestine. vain did the judge and the people urge him to escape torture by sacrificing to the pagan gods. “I will spare myself by remaining faithful to the truth and refusing to offer sacrifice to lifeless idols,” the saint replied. “Whoever offers sacrifice to false gods will perish.” was enraged, and ordered the holy martyr to be tortured without mercy. he was crucified during the reign of Maximian, our Lord Jesus Christ was reigning unto the ages of ages. some Lives of the Saints he is listed twice: on January 12 as the martyr Peter Apselamus, and on January 13 as Peter of Aneia, it was mistakenly assumed that they were different persons.

Palestine, 305-311, 156 Martyrs in Palestine, eyes gouged out, foot tendons cut, beheaded or burned
Palestine, 305-311, 156 Martyrs in Palestine (area between Mediterranean Sea and Jordan River), eyes gouged out, foot tendons cut, beheaded or burned; Palestine is a geographic region in Western Asia between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River.; 156 Martyrs in Palestine, Commemorated on September 17 ; Holy Martyrs Peleus and Nilus, Bishops of Egypt, Presbyter Zeno, Patermuthius, Elias and another 151 Martyrs suffered during the reign of the emperor Maximian Galerius (305-311). majority of them were Egyptians, but there were also some Palestinians among them. the governor of Palestine, arrested 156 Christians. gouged out the eyes of the holy martyrs, cut the tendons of their feet, and subjected them to all manner of tortures. beheaded 100 of the martyrs, and burned the rest.

Palestine, 305-337, Dedication St George's Church, Lydda, Palestine (Lod or Diospolis), George's relics, many miracles
Palestine, 305-337, Dedication St George's Church, Lydda, Palestine (Lod or Diospolis), during Constantine's reign, George's relics, many miracles; Palestine, , Dedication St George's Church, Lydda, Palestine (Lo or Diospolis, Yarkon River 1), George's relics, many miracles; Lydda or Lod; Dedication of the Church of the Greatmartyr George in Lydda, Commemorated on November 3; Christians built a new church in honor of Saint George at Lydda during the reign of Saint Constantine (305-337). the church was consecrated, the relics of the holy Great Martyr George (April 23) were transferred there, and many miracles took place before them.

Palestine, 308, Ennatha, Valentina, &Paula oPalestine, they all beheaded after resistance and torture
Palestine, 308, Ennatha, Valentina, &Paula oPalestine, E fGaza, V&P fCaesarea, E tFirst bravely confessed Christ, beat, suspended fPillar & scourged, V bravely hurled stone aSacrifice, turned back on it, beaten, sentenced tBeheaded wE, P tormented, endured wPatience Courage, thanked God for strengthening, bowed to Christians, bent head beneath sword; Gaza City; Gaza Strip; Virginmartyr Ennatha of Palestine, Commemorated on February 10 ; Holy Virgin Martyrs Ennatha, Valentina and Paula suffered in the year 308 under the emperor Maximian II Galerius (305-311). Ennatha came from the city of Gaza (in the south of Palestine), Saint Valentina was a native of Palestinian Caesarea, and Saint Paula was from the region of Caesarea. Ennatha was the first to be brought to trial before the governor Firmilian, bravely declaring herself a Christian. beat her, and then they suspended her from a pillar and scourged her. Valentina, accused of not worshipping the gods, was led to a pagan temple to offer sacrifice, she bravely hurled a stone at the sacrifice and turned her back on it. beat her mercilessly and sentenced her to be beheaded along with Saint Ennatha. of all, Saint Paula was brought, and they subjected her to many torments. the help of God, however, she endured them with great patience and courage. her death Paula gave thanks to the Lord for strengthening her. Bowing to the Christians present, she bent her neck beneath the sword.

Palestine, 308-309, Pamphilius, Valens, Paul, Porphyrius, Seleucius, Theodulus, Julian, persecution, initiated by Diocletian
Palestine, 308-309, Pamphilius the Presbyter, Valens the Deacon, Paul, Porphyrius, Seleucius, Theodulus, Julian, Samuel, Elias, Daniel, Jeremiah and Isaiah suffered during the persecution against Christians, initiated by the emperor Diocletian in the years 308-309 at Caesarea in Palestine; Caesarea, Palestine ; Martyr Pamphilius the Presbyter at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on February 16; Holy Martyrs Pamphilius the Presbyter, Valens the Deacon, Paul, Porphyrius, Seleucius, Theodulus, Julian, Samuel, Elias, Daniel, Jeremiah and Isaiah suffered during the persecution against Christians, initiated by the emperor Diocletian in the years 308-309 at Caesarea in Palestine. holy martyr Pamphilius, a native of the city of Beirut, was educated at Alexandria, after which he was made a priest at Caesarea. He devoted much labor to collating manuscripts and correcting copyist errors in the texts of the New Testament. The corrected texts of Saint Pamphilius were copied and distributed to anyone who wanted them. Many pagans were converted to Christ through them. works were collected into the extensive library of spiritual books available for the enlightening of Christians. Saint Jerome (4th-5th century) deeply respected Saint Pamphilius and considered himself fortunate to have located and acquired several of his manuscripts. assisting Saint Pamphilius in proclaiming the faith in Christ were Saint Valens, deacon of the church at Eleia, a man stooped with age and well-versed in the Holy Scriptures, and Saint Paul, ardent in faith and love for Christ the Savior. All three were imprisoned for two years by Urban, the governor of Palestinian Caesarea. the rule of his successor Firmilian, 130 Christians were sentenced in Egypt and sent to Cilicia (Asia Minor) to work in the gold mines. Five young brothers accompanied them to the place of exile. On their return to Egypt they were detained at Caesarea and thrown into prison for confessing Christ. youths appeared before Firmilian, together with those imprisoned earlier: Saints Pamphilius, Valens and Paul. The five Egyptian youths took the names of Old Testament prophets, Elias, Jeremiah, Isaiah, Samuel and Daniel. Asked where they were from, the youths said that they were citizens of Jerusalem, meaning the heavenly Jerusalem. Firmilian knew nothing of such a city, since Jerusalem had been razed to the ground by the emperor Titus in the year 70. The emperor Hadrian (117-138) built a new city on the site, which was called Aelia Capitolina. tortured the youths for a long time. He sought to learn the location of the unknown city, and he sought to persuade the youths to apostatize. But nothing was accomplished, and the governor ordered them to be beheaded by the sword with Pamphilius, Valens and Paul. this occurred, a servant of Pamphilius endured suffering. This was the eighteen-year-old youth Porphyrius, meek and humble. He had heard the sentence of death for the condemned martyrs, and asked the governor’s permission to bury the bodies after their execution. For this he was sentenced to death, and thrown into a fire. witness of this execution, the pious Christian Seleucius, a former soldier, in saluting the deeds of the sufferers, went to Pamphilius and told him about the martyric death of Saint Porphyrius. He was seized by soldiers and, on Firmilian’s orders, was beheaded by the sword together with the condemned. of the governor’s servants, Theodulus, a man of venerable age and a secret Christian, met the martyrs being led to execution, embraced them and asked them to pray for him. He was taken by soldiers to Firmilian, on whose orders he was crucified. young Julian, a native of Cappadocia who had come to Caesarea, saw the bodies of the saints which had been thrown to wild beasts without burial. Julian went down on his knees and venerated the bodies of the sufferers. Soldiers standing by at the wall seized him and took him to the governor, who condemned him to burning. The bodies of all twelve martyrs remained unburied for four days, but neither beasts nor birds would touch them. Embarrassed by this situation, the pagans permitted Christians to take the bodies of the martyrs and bury them.

Palestine, 311-371, Hilarion tGreat, founder palestinian monasticism, Anthony tGreat disciple, defeated passions wWork&prayer
Palestine, 311-371, Hilarion tGreat, founder palestinian monasticism, Anthony tGreat disciple, from Thabatha near Gaza&Cyprus, baptized iAlexandria, wtSketis, btMaium desert, violent struggles impure thoughts passions of flesh, defeated them through heavy laborfasting&prayer, overcame demonic terrors by prayer, converted thieves, famous for miracles, deliverance power, cured sick without pay, discerned sin passion by smell, monasteries spring up, he instituted strict rule, to Cyprus in 364; Palestine Saint, 311-371, Hilarion; the Great (291–371) was an anchorite who spent most of his life in the desert according to the example of Anthony the Great (c. 251–356). St Anthony is considered to have established Christian monasticism in the Egyptian desert, St Hilarion is considered by some to be the founder of Palestinian monasticism[1] and venerated as a saint by the Orthodox and the Roman Catholic Church. Venerable Hilarion the Great, Commemorated on October 21; Hilarion the Great was born to pagan parents in the year 291 in the Palestinian village of Thabatha near Gaza. a young man, he was sent to Alexandria for his education. he became acquainted with Christianity and was baptized. hearing an account of the angelic life of Saint Anthony the Great (January 17), Hilarion went to meet him, desiring to study with him and learn what is pleasing to God. soon returned to his native land to find that his parents had died. After distributing his family’s inheritance to the poor, Saint Hilarion went forth into the desert surrounding the city of Maium. the desert the Saint endured violent struggles with impure thoughts, vexations of the mind, and the burning passions of the flesh, he defeated them through heavy labor, fasting and fervent prayer. devil sought to frighten him with phantoms and apparitions. While he was praying Saint Hilarion would sometimes hear children crying, women wailing, and the roaring of lions and other wild beasts. understood that the demons were causing these terrors in order to drive him out of the wilderness. overcame his fear by resorting to fervent prayer. some thieves fell upon Saint Hilarion, and he persuaded them to forsake their lawless life by the power of his words. all of Palestine heard about Saint Hilarion and of the miracles he worked. Lord granted the holy ascetic the power to cast out unclean spirits. With this gift of grace he loosed the bonds of many of those who were afflicted. sick came for healing, and the Saint cured them without asking for any payment, saying that the grace of God is freely received, and must be freely given (Matthew 10:8). was the grace that he received from God that he could tell by the smell of someone’s body or clothing which passion was afflicting his soul. came to Saint Hilarion desiring to save their souls under his guidance. his blessing, monasteries began to spring up throughout Palestine. Going from one monastery to another, he instituted a strict ascetic manner of life. seven years before his death (+ 371-372) Saint Hilarion moved back to Cyprus, where the ascetic lived in a solitary place until the Lord summoned him to Himself. Hilarion is sometimes depicted holding a scroll which reads: "The tools of a monk are steadfastness, humility, and love according to God." In iconography, is depicted as an old man with a brown, rush-like beard divided into three points. Venerable Hilarion the New, Abbot of the Dalmatian Monastery, Commemorated on June 6;

Palestine, 366-420, Porphyrius, Arcjbishop oGaza, trance at Golgatha, Jesus told him protect Holy Cross, he got the job and did
Palestine, 366-420, Porphyrius, Arcjbishop oGaza, Gaza Strip, Way of the Sea 5, Palestine, born 346 at Thessalonica, wealthy, educated, at 25 in 371 tNitrian Desert Egypt, then tJerusalem, holy places, venerating Holy Cross, then tCave in Jordanian wilderness, fPrayer&ascetic deeds, after 5yrs aflicted serious leg malady, back to holy places to pray fHealing, trance in front oGolgotha, he beheld Jesus descending from the Cross and saying take this wood and preserve it, came out of tTrance healed, then gave his money to poor and for churches adornment &monasteries, for a time he was a shoemaker, Jesus' words fulfilled 45yr old 391, ordained priest and custodian otCross, 395 Met John in Caesarea made P Bishop oGaza, with tears&trembling he accepted, prostrating before the Cross, only 3Christian Churches in Gaza, but many temples with idols, long perios without rain, severe drought, Pagan priests offering tIdols failed, Prophyrius imposed fast, served all-night vigil, church procession around tCity, immediately rain poured down, many pagans said Christ the only God, 270 people baptized, pagans contunued Christian harrasment, passed over fPublic Office, taxes, J&Met John oC tJerusalem to seek redress from emperor, John Chrysostom assisted, Emperess Eudoxia expecting and needed son after 3 daughters, intercede for us and the Lord will send you a son who shall reign in your lifetime, heir born, emperor issued edict i401, destroy Gaza's pagan temples, restore Christian privileges, plus he gave money for church over main temple location, 401to420 Prophyrius upheld Christianity, guarded christians from Pagans, numberous miracles and healings from his prayers ; Gaza City; Gaza Strip; St Porphyrius the Bishop of Gaza, Commemorated on February 26; Porphyrius, Archbishop of Gaza, was born about the year 346 at Thessalonica. parents were people of substance, and this allowed Saint Porphyrius to receive a fine education. the inclination for monastic life, he left his native region at twenty-five years of age and set off for Egypt, he lived in the Nitrian desert the guidance of Saint Macarius the Great (January 19). he also met Saint Jerome (June 15), who was then visiting the Egyptian monasteries. went to Jerusalem on pilgrimage to the holy places, to venerate the Life-Creating Cross of the Lord (September 14), he moved into a cave in the Jordanian wilderness for prayer and ascetic deeds. five years, Saint Porphyrius was afflicted with a serious malady of the legs. decided to go to the holy places of Jerusalem to pray for healing. he lay half-conscious at the foot of Golgotha, Saint Porphyrius fell into a sort of trance. beheld Jesus Christ descending from the Cross and saying to him, “Take this Wood and preserve it.” out of his trance, he found himself healthy and free from pain. he gave away all his money to the poor and for the adornment of the churches of God. a time he supported himself by working as a shoemaker. words of the Savior were fulfilled when the saint was forty-five years old. Patriarch of Jerusalem ordained Saint Porphyrius to the holy priesthood appointed him custodian of the Venerable Wood of the Cross of the Lord. 395 the bishop of the city of Gaza (in Palestine) died. local Christians went to Caesarea to ask Metropolitan John to send them a new bishop would be able to contend against the pagans, which were predominant in their city and were harassing the Christians there. The Lord inspired the Metropolitan to summon the priest Porphyrius. fear and trembling the ascetic accepted the office of bishop, with tears he prostrated himself before the Life-Creating Wood and went to fulfill his new obedience. Gaza there were only three Christian churches, there were a great many pagan temples and idols. this time there had been a long spell without rain, causing a severe drought. pagan priests brought offerings to their idols, but the woes did not cease. Porphyrius imposed a fast for all the Christians; then served an all-night Vigil, by a church procession around the city. the sky covered over with storm clouds, thunder boomed, and abundant rains poured down. this miracle, many pagans cried out, “Christ is indeed the only true God!” a result of this, 127 men, thirty-five women and fourteen children were united to the Church through Holy Baptism, and another 110 men soon after this. pagans continued to harass the Christians. passed them over for public office, burdened them with taxes. Porphyrius and Metropolitan John of Caesarea journeyed to Constantinople to seek redress from the emperor. John Chrysostom (September 14, January 27 and 30) received them and assisted them. John and Porphyrius were presented to the empress Eudoxia who was expecting a child at that time. “Intercede for us,” said the bishops to the empress, “and the Lord will send you a son, who shall reign during your lifetime”. very much wanted a son, since she had given birth only to daughters. the prayer of the saints an heir was born to the imperial family. a result of this, the emperor issued an edict in 401 the destruction of pagan temples in Gaza the restoration of privileges to Christians. the emperor gave the saints money for the construction of a new church, was to be built in Gaza on the site of the chief pagan temple. Porphyrius upheld Christianity in Gaza to the very end of his life, guarded his flock from the vexatious pagans. the prayers of the saint numerous miracles and healings occurred. holy archpastor guided his flock for twenty-five years, and reposed in 420 at an advanced age.

Palestine, 366-420, Porphyrius, Bishop oGaza, tNitrian desert, preserved Holy Cross aJerusalem per Jesus, converted Gaza
Palestine, 366-420, Porphyrius the Bishop of Gaza, Gaza Strip, Way of the Sea 5, Palestine, fThessalonica, weathy, educated, inclined monastic life, tNitrian desert Egypt, under Marcarius tGreat, also met Jerome, tJerusalem fHoly Places, and tVenerate tLife Creating Holy Cross, then tCave in Jordanian wilderness, fPrayer&Ascetic deeds, 5yrs, then afflicted malady otLegs, to tHoly Places Jerusalem tPray for Healing, laying half conscious aFoot oGolgotha, in a trance, beheld Jesus descending ftCross, saying take this wood and preserve it, out of trance healthy free from pain, then gave all his money tPoor and Churches adornment, worked as shoemaker, at age 45 (391) savior's words fulfilled, ordained and assigned custodian otCross, 395 Gaza bishop died, with fear and trembling he accepted, tears before tCross, only 3 churches in Gaza, pagans predominant, harrasing christians, many temples&Idols, long spell without rain, pagan priests offerings tIdols dd not work, imposed fast all christians, all-night vigil, procession around tCith, immediately abundant rain, many pagans united tChurch, 237, but harrasment continued, no public office, taxes, tConstantinople wMet oCaesarea john tSeek redress fEmperor, John Chrysostom assisted them, Emperess Eusoxia had son, heir after Bishops prayed for her, offering intercede for us and Lord will send you a son who will reign during your lifetime, So Emperor ordered destruction of all tempels in Gaza, restoration oPrivileges tChristian, mone for new Church, replacing chief pagan temple, P's prayers brought numerous healings and miracles; Gaza City; Gaza Strip; St Porphyrius the Bishop of Gaza, Commemorated on February 26; Porphyrius, Archbishop of Gaza, was born about the year 346 at Thessalonica. parents were people of substance, and this allowed Saint Porphyrius to receive a fine education. the inclination for monastic life, he left his native region at twenty-five years of age and set off for Egypt, he lived in the Nitrian desert under the guidance of Saint Macarius the Great (January 19). he also met Saint Jerome (June 15), who was then visiting the Egyptian monasteries. went to Jerusalem on pilgrimage to the holy places, and to venerate the Life-Creating Cross of the Lord (September 14), he moved into a cave in the Jordanian wilderness for prayer and ascetic deeds. five years, Saint Porphyrius was afflicted with a serious malady of the legs. decided to go to the holy places of Jerusalem to pray for healing. he lay half-conscious at the foot of Golgotha, Porphyrius fell into a sort of trance. beheld Jesus Christ descending from the Cross and saying to him, “Take this Wood and preserve it.” out of his trance, he found himself healthy and free from pain. he gave away all his money to the poor and for the adornment of the churches of God. a time he supported himself by working as a shoemaker. words of the Savior were fulfilled when the saint was forty-five years old. Patriarch of Jerusalem ordained Saint Porphyrius to the holy priesthood appointed him custodian of the Venerable Wood of the Cross of the Lord. 395 the bishop of the city of Gaza (in Palestine) died. local Christians went to Caesarea to ask Metropolitan John to send them a new bishop who would be able to contend against the pagans, which were predominant in their city and were harassing the Christians there. Lord inspired the Metropolitan to summon the priest Porphyrius. fear and trembling the ascetic accepted the office of bishop, with tears he prostrated himself before the Life-Creating Wood and went to fulfill his new obedience. Gaza there were only three Christian churches, but there were a great many pagan temples and idols. this time there had been a long spell without rain, causing a severe drought. pagan priests brought offerings to their idols, but the woes did not cease. Porphyrius imposed a fast for all the Christians; then served an all-night Vigil, by a church procession around the city. the sky covered over with storm clouds, thunder boomed, and abundant rains poured down. this miracle, many pagans cried out, “Christ is indeed the only true God!” a result of this, 127 men, thirty-five women and fourteen children were united to the Church through Holy Baptism, and another 110 men soon after this. pagans continued to harass the Christians. passed them over for public office, burdened them with taxes. Saint and Metropolitan John of Caesarea journeyed to Constantinople to seek redress from the emperor. John Chrysostom (September 14, January 27 and 30) received them and assisted them. John and Porphyrius were presented to the empress Eudoxia who was expecting a child at that time. “Intercede for us,” said the bishops to the empress, “and the Lord will send you a son, who shall reign during your lifetime”. very much wanted a son, since she had given birth only to daughters. the prayer of the saints an heir was born to the imperial family. a result of this, the emperor issued an edict in 401 ordering the destruction of pagan temples in Gaza the restoration of privileges to Christians. the emperor gave the saints money for the construction of a new church, which was to be built in Gaza on the site of the chief pagan temple. Porphyrius upheld Christianity in Gaza to the very end of his life, guarded his flock from the vexatious pagans. the prayers of the saint numerous miracles and healings occurred. holy archpastor guided his flock for twenty-five years, reposed in 420 at an advanced age.

Palestine, 370-422, Martinian, Zoe and Photina, Caesarea, Palestine, M's fire convicts Zoe, M's dolphins inspires Photina
Palestine, 370-422, Caesarea, Palestine (Phonecia, Dor, Way of the Sea 8), wilderness at 18, 25 yrs, ascetic, silence, healing, deliverence, temptations, prostitute Zoe to topple his virtue with her beauty, chose to burn in fire to escape fires of Hell, Zoe realized her sin, repented, asked him to guide her, sent to Bethlehem, Paula's convent, M burns healed, to rocky island, open sky, wove baskets for sailor who brought provisions, Photina floated to island, remain here for ship, M jumped into sea, carried by 2 dolphins, became wanderer, to Athens, sensed death, died in a church 422, Photina stayed island 6 yrs, men's clothing, bread water and wool to make clothes for captain's wife, incorrupt relics; Caesarea, Palestine ; Venerable Martinian of Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on February 13 ; Martinian went to live in the wilderness at the age of eighteen, not far from the city of Caesarea in Palestine. twenty-five years, he devoted himself to ascetic deeds and silence, and he was granted the gift of healing illnesses and casting out demons. However, the Enemy of the human race would not stop troubling the holy ascetic with various temptations. day a prostitute overheard some citizens of Caesarea speaking of Saint Martinian's virtuous life, so she asked them why they were amazed by it. She said that he went to live in the desert because he could not endure the temptations of the flesh in the city. Furthermore, she made a wager with them that she could topple this pillar of virtue with her beauty and seduce him. came to him one night, dressed in shabby clothes, pretending that she had lost her way in the storm, and asking for shelter. Reluctantly, the saint allowed her to enter his cell, because he did not wish to be the cause of her death. He went into the inner room of his cell, telling her she would have to leave in the morning. After chanting Psalms according to his Rule, he went to sleep on the floor, but he was disturbed by carnal thoughts. Meanwhile, the wicked guest opened the bag she had been carrying and changed into her beautiful clothes and adorned herself with jewels. morning came, Saint Martinian came out to send the woman away. Though he was tempted by the woman’s beauty, he was determined not to fall into sin. Lighting a fire, he stepped into it, saying, “You want me to burn with temptation, but I will not give in to it.. Instead, I choose to burn in this fire in order to preserve my purity and to escape the unquenchable fires of Hell." Saint Zoe woman was astonished at the lengths Saint Martinian was willing to go, and she realized how evil she was. She repented and asked the saint to guide her onto the way of salvation. He told her to go to Bethlehem, and enter the convent founded by Saint Paula (January 26). There she lived as a nun for twelve years in strict asceticism until her blessed repose. The woman’s name was Zoe. his burns healed, Saint Martinian went to an uninhabited rocky island, and lived on it under the open sky for several years, nourished by the provisions brought by a certain sailor from time to time. In return the monk wove baskets for him. day a ship was wrecked by a powerful storm, and a woman named Photina floated to the island on pieces of the wreckage Saint Martinian helped her to survive on the island. “Remain here,” he told her, “for I am leaving you bread and water, and in two months a boat will come and return you to the mainland." Martinian refused to stay on the island with the woman, believing that it would be better to drown than to burn with lust. He jumped into the sea and swam away, and a pair of dolphins carried him to dry land. Thereafter, Saint Martinian led the life of a wanderer. Later, he came to Athens and fell ill. Sensing the approach of death, he went into a church and lay upon the floor. God revealed to the Bishop of Athens who Saint Martinian was, and the hierarch buried his body with honor. This occurred around the year 422. for Saint Photina, she did not board the ship when it came to the island, electing to stay there by herself. She asked the captain of the ship to have his wife bring her men's clothing and some wool, promising to make clothes for his family. She also asked the woman to bring her bread and water in addition to the other supplies. Photina lived on the island for six years, and then she went to the Lord. Two months after her repose, the captain and his wife found her incorrupt relics and brought them to Caesarea in Palestine. He had a vision which revealed many details of Saint Photina's life, which he shared with the bishop. Then they buried her with great honor and reverence.

Palestine, 380-420, Pelagia tPenitent , dance troupe head, Nonnus prayed for her, she repented, adorned her soul
Palestine, 380-420, Pelagia tPenitent oAntioch of Palestine, Gaza, Gaza Strip, Way of the Sea 5, Palestine, dance troupe head iPalestinian Antioch, frivolity&prostitution, elegantly dressed passed Nonnus' church, believers faced away but Nonnus glanced after her, struck by her beauty, foreseen spiritual greatness in her, prayed long time for her in his cell, he told fellow bishops that she put them to shame, explained she took great care to adorn her body to appear beautiful in eyes of men, while we take no thought to adorn our souls, Next day Pelagia came to hear his preaching about last judgement, tremendous impression on her, fear oGod and tears oRepentance, asked Nonnus for baptism, seeing full repentance, he baptized her, devil appeared at night but she prayed and signed herself wThe Cross, devil vanished, 3days aBaptism P gathered up valuables gave them tNonnus for distribution tPoor, and went to cell on Mt oOlives Jerusalem, there she lived iCell disguised as monk Pelagius, attaining great spiritual gifts, buried in her cell; Gaza City; Venerable Pelagia the Penitent, Commemorated on October 8; Pelagia the Penitent was converted to Christianity by Saint Nonnus, Bishop of Edessa (Saturday of Cheesefare Week). her acceptance of Christianity through Baptism, Pelagia was head of a dance troupe in Palestinian Antioch, a life of frivolity and prostitution. day Pelagia, elegantly dressed, was making her way past a church where Saint Nonnus was preaching a sermon. Believers turned their faces away from the sinner, but the bishop glanced after her. by the outer beauty of Pelagia and having foreseen the spiritual greatness within her, saint prayed in his cell for a long time to the Lord for the sinner. He told his fellow bishops that the prostitute put them all to shame. explained that she took great care to adorn her body in order to appear beautiful in the eyes of men. “We... take no thought for the adornment of our wretched souls,” he said. pelagia Saint Pelagia with Saint Nonnus the following day, when Saint Nonnus was teaching in the church about the dread Last Judgment and its consequences, Pelagia came. teaching made a tremendous impression upon her. the fear of God and weeping tears of repentance, she asked the saint for Baptism. her sincere and full repentance, Bishop Nonnus baptized her. night the devil appeared to Pelagia, urging her to return to her former life. saint prayed, signed herself with the Sign of the Cross, and the devil vanished. days after her baptism, Saint Pelagia gathered up her valuables and took them to Bishop Nonnus. bishop ordered that they be distributed among the poor saying, “Let this be wisely dispersed, so that these riches gained by sin may become a wealth of righteousness.” this Saint Pelagia journeyed to Jerusalem to the Mount of Olives. lived there in a cell, disguised as the monk Pelagius, living in ascetic seclusion, and attaining great spiritual gifts. she died, she was buried in her cell.

Palestine, 400, 5th C Folder, Zosiman oPalestine wMary oEgypt

Palestine, 480-560, Saint, Zosimas of Palestine, with St Mary of Egypt
Palestine, 480-560, Saint, Zosimas of Palestine, with St Mary of Egypt; Venerable Mary of Egypt, Commemorated on April 1;

Palestine, 483-565 or 600, Barsanuphius tGreat&His disciple John tProphet, both wonderworking, raised the dead etc, humble
Palestine, 483-565 or 600, Barsanuphius tGreat &John tProphet, Abba Seridus Monastery, Gaza, Palestine (Way of the Sea 5), time oJustinian I, B fEgypt, ascetic from youth, built small cell, solitude, later his disciple John lived same cell 18yrs till death, J aClairvoyant prophet, B built another cell near monastery, which sent him 3 loaves bread per week, 50 years work&Ascetic deeds, Pat Eustochios oJerusalem heard &Wanted see for self, tried dig under wall tEnter Cell, flames burst forth, devoted to prayer, high degree spiritual perfection, manuscript accounts oB&J, accounts translated Moldavian&Slavonic languages, Paisius Velichkovsk lifetime 1740's-90's, publication 1800's by Optina Elders, B attained heights oHumility, reasoning, and fiery love, Lord gave him gifts oDiscernment, clairvoyance, and wonderworking, he raised the dead, cast out demons, healed incurable illnesses, things he blessed received divine power and grace, (for exampe: a weed took away monk's headache), even his name, when invoked mentally, gave help when called upon it, rain from his prayers, his predictions always came true, he got these gifts after many yrs patiently enduring great temptations and illness, following B's instructions, J became like B in all things, but out oHumility J sent questions to B, ; Abba Seridus is at Gaza, but that is all Wikipedia knows about it.; Venerable Barsanuphius the Great, Commemorated on February 6; Barsanuphius the Great and John the Prophet lived during the sixth century during the reign of the emperor Justinian I (483-565). lived in asceticism at the monastery of Abba Seridus in Palestine, near the city of Gaza. Barsanuphius was born in Egypt (the year of his birth is unknown). his youth, he began to lead an ascetic life. Arriving at the cenobitic monastery of Abba Seridus, built a small cell outside the monastery. Here he lived in solitude. Saint John, disciple of Saint Barsanuphius, lived in this cell for eighteen years until his death. John imitated his teacher in silence, ascetic deeds and in virtue. Because of his gift of clairvoyance, he was known as “the Prophet.” a certain time, Saint Barsanuphius built another cell near the monastery. the beginning of his solitude, the monastery sent him only three loaves of bread per week. He dwelt for fifty years in work and ascetic deeds. Patriarch Eustochios of Jerusalem heard about the ascetical life of Saint Barsanuphius, it seemed unbelievable to him. wanted to see Barsanuphius for himself, he and his companions tried to dig under the wall, and to enter the monk’s cell from beneath. attempting to enter were almost burned by flames suddenly bursting forth from the cell. his hermitage Saint Barsanuphius devoted himeself entirely to prayer, and he attained a high degree of spiritual perfection. have manuscript accounts about the life, the deeds and talents of Saints Barsanuphius and John. the lifetime of Saint Paisius Velichkovsky (November 15), they were translated into the Moldavian and Slavonic languages. publication of these manuscripts, and also their translation into the Russian language, was done in the nineteenth century by the Elders of Optina’s Entry of the Theotokos Monastery. precepts of Saints Barsanuphius and John clearly show the degree of their moral perfection, and their love for people, contain scant facts about their lives. do not know exactly when Saint Barsanuphius died. Some sources say the year of his death was 563, others say more cautiously before the year 600. spending a long time in seclusion, Saint Barsanuphius thereafter and until the death of Saint John the Prophet began to serve others by instructing them on the path to salvation, as Abba Dorotheus (June 5) testifies. Barsanuphius replied to questioners through Saint John, sometimes instructing him to give the answers, or even through Abba Seridus (August 13), who wrote down the saint’s answers. the answers of Saints Barsanuphius and John the Prophet, who were guides in the spiritual life not only for their contemporaries, but also for succeeding generations, it is clearly possible to see the monks’ gradual spiritual ascent “from strength to strength.” deeds of fasting, silence, guarding the heart, and unceasing prayer, Barsanuphius attained the heights of humility, reasoning and fiery love. Lord gave him the gifts of discernment, clairvoyance, and wonderworking. the power of his prayers, he was able to free the souls of people from sins. Sometimes, he took the sins of others upon himself. venerable one knew the dispositions of hearts, therefore he gave advice according to the spiritual state of each person. the Name of the Lord he raised the dead, cast out demons, healed incurable illnesses. that he blessed received divine power and grace (for example, kukol or furrow-weed took away a monk’s headache). the name of Abba Barsanuphius, when invoked mentally, gave help to those who called upon it. the prayers of Saint Barsanuphius, God sent rain upon the earth, withdrawing His wrath from the multitudes of the people. saint’s predictions always came true. he predicted that a certain monk, the Elder Euthymius the Silent, would be placed with him in a single grave, which indeed came to pass. Barsanuphius acquired these gifts after many years of patiently enduring great temptations and illness. the Orthodox ascetic Barsanuphius the Great, there was another Barsanuphius, a Monophysite heretic. Sophronius, Patriarch of Jerusalem, anathematized him in his “Confession of Faith,” sent to the Sixth Ecumenical Council). do not know when Saint Barsanuphius arrived at the monastery of Abba Seridus, nor anything about the home and family of Saint John the Prophet. the instructions of Saint Barsanuphius, John attained the heights of perfection, and became like his teacher in all things. of humility, he sent those who came to him with questions to Abba Barsanuphius. John foresaw and predicted many things, even his own death a week after the death of Abba Seridus. Elian, the young igumen of this monastery, begged John to remain with him for two more weeks, in order to teach him the Rule and how to govern the monastery. John fulfilled his request and died after two weeks. Barsanuphius the Great survived his disciple and friend, but after St. John's death embraced complete silence and refused to give answers to anyone. two ascetics have left the soul-profiting book, GUIDANCE TOWARD SPIRITUAL LIFE: ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS OF DISCIPLES by the Holy Monastic Fathers Barsanuphius and John as their spiritual legacy. book was known to many saints who lived at a later time, as evidenced by the wrings of Saint Theodore the Studite (November 11 and January 26), the hieromonk Nikon Chernogorets (+ 1060), Saint Simeon the New Theologian (March 12), and other Orthodox ascetics and writers.

Palestine, 600, 7th C Folder, Persian control oPalestine

Palestine, 614-628, Persian Control of Palestine
Persian Control of Palestine, Byzantine-“Persian War of 602-“628; Battle of Nineveh (627); Byzantine Emperor Heraclius; Persian emperor Chosroes II; Greatmartyr Euphemia the All-praised, Commemorated on July 11 ; St John the Merciful, Patriarch of Alexandria, Commemorated on November 12;

Palestine, 614-622, Saint Anastasius of Persia, Stole the Cross, Became a Monk
Persia, 614-622, Saint Anastasius of Persia; Monkmartyr Anastasius the Persian, Commemorated on January 22; Persia, 614-622, Saint Anastasius of Persia; Anastasius of Persia, also known by his native name Magundat, was a Zoroastrian soldier in the Sasanian army later became a convert to Christianity and was martyred in 628. was born in the city of Ray. He was the son of a magus named Bau. He had a brother whose name is unknown. was a cavalryman in the army of Khosrow II (r. 590–628) participated in the capture of the True Cross in Jerusalem, was carried to the Sasanian capital Ctesiphon. occasion prompted him to ask for information about the Christian religion. then experienced a conversion of faith, left the army, became a Christian, and afterwards a monk at the monastery of Saint Savvas (Mar Saba) in Jerusalem[dubious – discuss]. He was baptized by Modestus, receiving the Christian name Anastasius to honor the resurrection of Jesus Christ ("Anástasis" in Greek). seven years of monastic observance, he was moved by the Holy Ghost to go in quest of martyrdom and went to Caesarea, then subject to the Sasanians. he interrupted and ridiculed the Zoroastrian priests for their religion, was as a result arrested by the local marzban,[1] taken prisoner, cruelly tortured to make him abjure, and finally carried down near the Euphrates, to a place called Barsaloe (or Bethsaloe according to the Bollandists), where his tortures were continued while at the same time the highest honors in the service of King Khosrow II as a magus were promised him if he would renounce Christianity. after refusing to abjure, with seventy others, he was strangled to death and decapitated on January 22, 628. body, which was thrown to the dogs left untouched by them, carried from the place of his martyrdom to Palestine, then to Constantinople, and finally to Rome where the relics were venerated at the Tre Fontane Abbey. Passio [2] written in Greek was devoted to the saint. adapted Latin translation, possibly by Archbishop Theodore of Canterbury, was available to the Anglo-Saxon church historian Bede, who criticized the result and took it upon himself to 'improve' it. There are no surviving manuscripts of Bede's revision, though one did survive as late as the 15th century.[3] feast day is 22 January. Translation of the relics of St Anastasius the Persian, Commemorated on January 24; uncovering of the relics of Saint Anastasios of Persia (January 22) took place in 638, ten years after his martyrdom. are three traditions regarding his relics; According to the first, which is also accepted by the English historian Saint Bede (May 27), the relics were transferred to Rome during the reign of Emperor Flavius Heraclius Augustus (reigned 610-645) deposited in the Greek Monastery of the Three Fountains (“Tre Fontane”). The second tradition states that the transfer of the relics to Constantinople, also during the reign of Heraclius, took place during the time of Pope Theodore I, who may have been from Jerusalem, of Greek descent (see May 18). The third tradition indicates that the relics were transferred to Venice from Constantinople in 1204 the Doge Henry Dandolos removed them and placed them in the church of the Holy Trinity in Venice. the Saint’s holy relics are in the Roman Catholic Church of Saint Francis in Venice. survive in the form of a headless body, clothed in the garments of his time. Sophronios Eustratiadis of Leontopolis declares that a Roman bishop transported the relics to Caesarea in Palestine, later they were moved to Constantinople. head is in Rome, where it is still kept. Translation of the relics of St Anastasius the Persian, Commemorated on January 24; uncovering of the relics of Saint Anastasios of Persia (January 22) took place in 638, ten years after his martyrdom. are three traditions regarding his relics; According to the first, which is also accepted by the English historian Saint Bede (May 27), the relics were transferred to Rome during the reign of Emperor Flavius Heraclius Augustus (reigned 610-645) deposited in the Greek Monastery of the Three Fountains (“Tre Fontane”). The second tradition states that the transfer of the relics to Constantinople, also during the reign of Heraclius, took place during the time of Pope Theodore I, who may have been from Jerusalem, of Greek descent (see May 18). The third tradition indicates that the relics were transferred to Venice from Constantinople in 1204 the Doge Henry Dandolos removed them and placed them in the church of the Holy Trinity in Venice. the Saint’s holy relics are in the Roman Catholic Church of Saint Francis in Venice. survive in the form of a headless body, clothed in the garments of his time. Sophronios Eustratiadis of Leontopolis declares that a Roman bishop transported the relics to Caesarea in Palestine, later they were moved to Constantinople. head is in Rome, where it is still kept.

Palestine, 622, Caesarea, Maritima, Where Anastacios sought martyrdom 7 or 8 years after he helped Chozroes steal The Cross
Caesarea, Palestine ; Monkmartyr Anastasius the Persian, Commemorated January 22 ; Monk Martyr Anastasius the Persian was the son of a Persian sorcerer named Bavi. a pagan, he had the name Magundates and served in the armies of the Persian emperor Chozroes II, in 614 ravaged the city of Jerusalem and carried away the Life-Creating Cross of the Lord to Persia. miracles occurred from the Cross of the Lord, and the Persians were astonished. heart of young Magundates was inflamed with the desire to learn more about this sacred object. everyone about the Holy Cross, the youth learned that upon it the Lord Himself was crucified for the salvation of mankind. became acquainted with the truths of the Christian Faith in the city of Chalcedon, where the army of Chozroes was for a certain while. was baptized with the name Anastasius, and then became a monk and spent seven years in one of the Jerusalem monasteries, living an ascetical life. the Lives of the holy martyrs, Saint Anastasius was inspired with the desire to imitate them. mysterious dream, which he had on Great and Holy Saturday, the day before the Resurrection of Christ, urged him to do this. fallen asleep after his daily tasks, he beheld a radiant man giving him a golden chalice filled with wine, who said to him, “Take this and drink.” Draining the chalice, he felt an ineffable delight. Anastasius then realized that this vision was his call to martyrdom. went secretly from the monastery to Palestinian Caesarea. he was arrested for being a Christian, and was brought to trial. governor tried in every way to force Saint Anastasius to renounce Christ, threatening him with tortures and death, and promising him earthly honors and blessings. saint, however, remained unyielding. Then they subjected him to torture: they beat him with rods, they lacerated his knees, they hung him up by the hands and tied a heavy stone to his feet, they exhausted him with confinement, and then wore him down with heavy work in the stone quarry with other prisoners. the governor summoned Saint Anastasius and promised him his freedom if he would only say, “I am not a Christian.” holy martyr replied, “I will never deny my Lord before you or anyone else, neither openly nor even while asleep. No one can compel me to do this while I am in my right mind.” Then by order of the emperor Chozroes, Saint Anastasius was strangled, then beheaded. the death of Chozroes, the relics of the Monk Martyr Anastasius were transferred to Palestine, to the Anastasius monastery. Translation of the relics of St Anastasius the Persian, Commemorated on January 24; uncovering of the relics of Saint Anastasios of Persia (January 22) took place in 638, ten years after his martyrdom. are three traditions regarding his relics; According to the first, which is also accepted by the English historian Saint Bede (May 27), the relics were transferred to Rome during the reign of Emperor Flavius Heraclius Augustus (reigned 610-645) deposited in the Greek Monastery of the Three Fountains (“Tre Fontane”). The second tradition states that the transfer of the relics to Constantinople, also during the reign of Heraclius, took place during the time of Pope Theodore I, who may have been from Jerusalem, of Greek descent (see May 18). The third tradition indicates that the relics were transferred to Venice from Constantinople in 1204 the Doge Henry Dandolos removed them and placed them in the church of the Holy Trinity in Venice. the Saint’s holy relics are in the Roman Catholic Church of Saint Francis in Venice. survive in the form of a headless body, clothed in the garments of his time. Sophronios Eustratiadis of Leontopolis declares that a Roman bishop transported the relics to Caesarea in Palestine, later they were moved to Constantinople. head is in Rome, where it is still kept.

Palestine, 638, Anastasios Relics uncovered, 3 tradns, head iRome, body iConstantinople, Stole Cross, Became aMonk, sght martyr
Persia, 638, Anastasios tPersian's Relics uncovered, 3 tradotopms, now head in Rome, body in Constantinople, Stole tCross, Became a Monk, 1 Relics tRome under Flavius Heraclius 610-645, tGreek monastery Three Fountains, Tre Fontain. 2. transfer tConstantinople under Heraculus and Pope Theodore I, Greek fJerusalem, 3. relics trans tVenice fConstantinople in 1204, Doge Henry Dandolos, Church Holy Francis iVenice, headless body, later moved to Constantinople, his head isin Rome; Persia, 614-622, Saint Anastasius of Persia; Anastasius of Persia, also known by his native name Magundat, was a Zoroastrian soldier in the Sasanian army later became a convert to Christianity and was martyred in 628. was born in the city of Ray. He was the son of a magus named Bau. He had a brother whose name is unknown. was a cavalryman in the army of Khosrow II (r. 590–628) participated in the capture of the True Cross in Jerusalem, was carried to the Sasanian capital Ctesiphon. occasion prompted him to ask for information about the Christian religion. then experienced a conversion of faith, left the army, became a Christian, and afterwards a monk at the monastery of Saint Savvas (Mar Saba) in Jerusalem[dubious – discuss]. He was baptized by Modestus, receiving the Christian name Anastasius to honor the resurrection of Jesus Christ ("Anástasis" in Greek). seven years of monastic observance, he was moved by the Holy Ghost to go in quest of martyrdom and went to Caesarea, then subject to the Sasanians. he interrupted and ridiculed the Zoroastrian priests for their religion, was as a result arrested by the local marzban,[1] taken prisoner, cruelly tortured to make him abjure, and finally carried down near the Euphrates, to a place called Barsaloe (or Bethsaloe according to the Bollandists), where his tortures were continued while at the same time the highest honors in the service of King Khosrow II as a magus were promised him if he would renounce Christianity. after refusing to abjure, with seventy others, he was strangled to death and decapitated on January 22, 628. body, which was thrown to the dogs left untouched by them, carried from the place of his martyrdom to Palestine, then to Constantinople, and finally to Rome where the relics were venerated at the Tre Fontane Abbey. Passio [2] written in Greek was devoted to the saint. adapted Latin translation, possibly by Archbishop Theodore of Canterbury, was available to the Anglo-Saxon church historian Bede, who criticized the result and took it upon himself to 'improve' it. There are no surviving manuscripts of Bede's revision, though one did survive as late as the 15th century.[3] feast day is 22 January. Translation of the relics of St Anastasius the Persian, Commemorated on January 24; uncovering of the relics of Saint Anastasios of Persia (January 22) took place in 638, ten years after his martyrdom. are three traditions regarding his relics; According to the first, which is also accepted by the English historian Saint Bede (May 27), the relics were transferred to Rome during the reign of Emperor Flavius Heraclius Augustus (reigned 610-645) deposited in the Greek Monastery of the Three Fountains (“Tre Fontane”). The second tradition states that the transfer of the relics to Constantinople, also during the reign of Heraclius, took place during the time of Pope Theodore I, who may have been from Jerusalem, of Greek descent (see May 18). The third tradition indicates that the relics were transferred to Venice from Constantinople in 1204 the Doge Henry Dandolos removed them and placed them in the church of the Holy Trinity in Venice. the Saint’s holy relics are in the Roman Catholic Church of Saint Francis in Venice. survive in the form of a headless body, clothed in the garments of his time. Sophronios Eustratiadis of Leontopolis declares that a Roman bishop transported the relics to Caesarea in Palestine, later they were moved to Constantinople. head is in Rome, where it is still kept.

Palestine, 1200, 13th C Folder, Mamluk Sultan expels Crusaders fPalestine

Palestine, 1270, Mamluk Sultan Baibars expels Crusaders from Palestine
Egypt, 1260-1277, Mamluk Sultan, Baibars, or Zakhir-Rukedin-Baibars-Bundukdar; St. Daniel II the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated on December 20;

Palestine, 1300, 14th C Folder, Oldest Unburnt Bush Icon Palestine tMoscow

Palestine, 1390, Unburnt Bush Icon, Mt Horeb in Median, signifies MOG conception by Holy Spirit, to Russia 1390
Median, 1390, Unburnt Bush Icon, Mt Horeb / Sinai in Median, Land of the Arabs, Unburning Bush, signifies MOG conception by Holy Spirit and not consumed, to Russia 1390 from Palestine, 1812 riza return story, 1822 arson fires story; Mt Sinai / Horeb up from the Desert of Sin and Jethro's home in Midian (not Mt Sinai in Egypt); Mt Sinai diagram not drawn to scale; Ron Wyatt's work there; Icon of the Mother of God "the Unburnt Bush"; of the Old Testament prototypes pointing to the Mother of God is the Unburnt Bush - the Bush which Moses saw on Mount Horeb. was on fire, but was not consumed (Exodus 3:2). Bush signifies the Mother of God's sinless conception of Christ when the Holy Spirit came upon her and she was overshadowed by the power of the Most High (Luke 1:35). the Angel "revealed the Holy Trinity by naming the Holy Spirit, the Power which is the Son (I Corinthians 1:24), and the Most High which is the Father" (Saint Theophylact, Commentary on the Holy Gospel According to St. Luke, chapter 1). Theotokos was born into a fallen world, yet she was absolutely pure, and did not commit any personal sin. remained a Virgin before, during, and after giving birth. the Bush burned and was not consumed, so the Virgin gave birth to Thee yet remained a Virgin" (Octoechos, Dogmatikon Tone 2, "The shadow of the Law"). ancient Unburnt Bush Icon shows a bush engulfed in flames. Virgin, with her Child in her arms, is seen above the Bush. image is rare. Icons depict an octagonal star with the Mother of God in the center with a circle of Cherubim around her. She is shown holding Jacob's Ladder, for she calls us to ascend from earth to Heaven. the gate and the rod are depicted as symbols of the Savior, Who in Church hymns is called "a rod from the root of Jesse." star is made up of two quadrangles. One is painted red, like a flame; the other is green, the color of the mysterious Bush seen by Moses. the red points of the star there are four symbols of the Evangelists: a man (Matthew), a lion (Mark), an ox (Luke), and an eagle (John). the rays are eight Angels: An Angel shows burning fire, for the earth will be destroyed by fire. The Spirit of wisdom and of the knowledge of God - spring, summer, autumn, and winter. He created all things for man's benefit. The Angel of Thunder shows Christ's second coming, for He shall come in thunder and lightning. The Angel of the spirit of piety. The cutting off of those who proclaim things contrary to the Faith. He holds the cup of the bitterness of God's wrath. The Spirit of the Lord for warmth amid winter, snow, frost, and ice. The Spirit of purification which sends forth dew and mist and rain. The Angel of Thunder and of the fear of God, revealing Christ's second coming, for He shall judge His servants at the end of the world. The Angel of lightning and scorching, i.e. He shall be the righteous Judge, for the lightning shall find all. the four corners of the Icon are the Prophets who prefigure the Virgin: and the Unburnt Bush (Exodus chapter 3); with the Seraphim touching his lips with a live coal (Isaiah 6:6); vision of the gate by which no one could enter except the Lord (Ezekiel 44:1), Jacob's vision of the Ladder (Genesis 28:12-17). to popular belief, this Icon protects the homes of the faithful from fire. a man happened to witness a great fire which engulfed many buildings. Among them was a wooden house which did not burn. A woman stood there motionless, holding an icon of the Unburnt Bush in her hands. Tears ran down her cheeks, but her face expressed complete calm and unshakable faith. She did not seem to be worried about her home, but she wept for the misfortune of others. The fire was intense, but the woman would not move. The man left, marveling at her faith, but he expected her house to be reduced to ashes by the flames. The next day he returned to the spot. the devastation of the fire only the woman's house remained standing, guarded by the power of the Icon. of the oldest icons of the Unburnt Bush is located in Moscow's Annunciation Cathedral. was brought to Russia by Palestinian foreigners in 1390 and, according to tradition, it was painted on a piece of the rock where Moses beheld the mysterious Bush. the Moscow church of the Unburnt Bush at Khamovniki, there is an Icon which was once in the Palace. The ancient writing is beautiful. The size of the Icon measures 1 arshin 12 vershkov long, and 1 arshin 7 vershkov wide. Icon is commemorated twice: on September 4, the Feast Day of the Prophet Moses, and on the sixth Sunday after Pascha (the Sunday of the Blind Man), because according to tradition, the Icon was transferred from the Kremlin to the newly-consecrated Khamovniki church on that day. was a wondrous event connected with the riza of this Icon, when Russia was attacked by Napoleon in 1812. leaving Moscow, a Polish soldier came to Father Alexei Vvedensky, the priest of the Novodevichii Monastery, and gave him the riza from the Unburnt Bush Icon, begging him to return it to the church from which it was taken. soldier confessed that ever since he took the riza, he had been unable to find peace, and he was tormented by an unbearable melancholia. the same church there is an Icon of the Unburnt Bush (which was donated in 1835) and a smaller, especially revered Icon dating from 1837. depicts someone praying before the Mother of God. In the church there is a special manuscript Service to the Icon with the note: "This Service is chanted on Holy Mount Sinai, whenever someone requests it, or whenever there is terrible lightning." 1822, in the city of Slavyansk, Kharkov gubernia, fires caused by arson became more frequent. residents were at a loss about what to do. it was revealed in a dream to a pious old woman named Belnitskaya that if they painted an Icon of the Unburnt Bush, and served a Moleben before it, the fires would stop. told the Archpriest about her dream, and the Icon was painted right away. After the Liturgy, a Moleben was served before it. that very day, there was another fire, and the arsonist was caught. crafty young woman named Maura had set all the fires. the fires ceased, and the grateful residents had a kiot made for the Icon with the inscription: "In remembrance of the city's deliverance from fire in 1822." The Icon is in the church of the Holy Trinity. is also a revered icon of the Unburnt Bush in the village of Kubenskoye, Vologda Province.

Palestine, 9999, Unknown Century Folder, Romanus, Youth Barulus, Procopius tReader

Palestine, 9999, Roman or Romanus of Caesarea, Palestine
Palestine, 9999, Roman or Romanus of Caesarea, Palestine ; Caesarea, Palestine ; Martyr Roman the Deacon of Caesarea, Commemorated on November 18 ; concerning Saint Romanus is found in Books 3 and 12 of the Church History of Eusebius. Saint Romanus was born in Palestine, and served as a deacon in Caesarea. At the time of the persecution against Christians, he was living in Antioch. Through his preaching, he encouraged the faithful to stand firm in their confession of Christ when the Eparch Asclypiades wanted to raze the church to its foundations. Saint Romanus told the people that they must fight to prevent the destruction of the house of God, assuring them that even if they died in their efforts they would sing a hymn of victory in heaven. that time there a festival was being celebrated in honor of the idols, and Saint Romanus went to the pagan temple to upbraid the Eparch and the unbelievers for their impiety. As Asclypiades was about to enter the temple, Saint Romanus fearlessly proclaimed that the idols were not gods, and that only Jesus Christ was truly God. ordered the saint to be beaten, and even tried to persuade him to deny Christ. When this failed, the Eparch ordered that Saint Romanus be tortured. He was suspended and beaten, and his sides were scraped with metal blades. Bravely enduring these torments, Saint Romanus confessed Christ, and chastised Asclypiades for his obstinate refusal to see the truth. Saint Romanus was condemned to death by fire. As soon as the fire was lit, however, a rain fell and put it out. Then the Eparch ordered the saint’s tongue to be cut out, because he still confessed Christ and reviled the idolaters. Even after his tongue was cut out, the saint continued to speak as before. Saint Romanus was nailed to a keg, and he was strangled in his prison cell. Having completed his contest for Christ, he was found worthy of the heavenly Kingdom, where he continuously glorifies the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit throughout all ages. Martyr Zacchaeus the Deacon of Caesarea in Palestine, Commemorated on November 18 ; The youth Barulus, Commemorated on November 18; Martyr Procopius the Reader at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on November 22 ;

Palestine, 9999, The Youth Barulus of Caesarea, Palestine, Your gods are demons, they have not created anything
Palestine, 9999, The Youth Barulus of Caesarea, Palestine; Caesarea, Palestine ; The youth Barulus, Commemorated on November 18; Barulas was a child in the crowd of people who witnessed the torture of Saint Romanus. Christ’s holy martyr told the Eparch Asclypiades that the young child was wiser than he was, because he knew the true God, while the Eparch did not. asked the boy what gods he worshiped, and he replied that he worshiped Christ. “Your gods are demons,” the child stated, “and they have not created anything.” these and other words, the young child put the idolaters to shame. Seeing that he could not convince Saint Barulas to worship the false gods, he had the boy tortured. His mother stood by, encouraging him to remain faithful to the Savior Christ. “Do not be afraid of death, my son,” she told him. “You shall not die, but shall live forever. When you are beheaded, you will behold Christ’s glory, and you will dwell with Him in unspeakable joy.” the child was executed, his mother took his body and buried it, rejoicing because he had shed his blood for Christ. Martyr Procopius the Reader at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on November 22 ;

Palestine, 9999, Procopius the Reader, beheaded at Caesarea, Reader at Jerusalem, preacher, deliverance gift, Caesarea trial
Palestine, 999, Procopius the Reader, beheaded at Caesarea, Palestine (Phonecia, Dor, Way of the Sea 8), Reader at Jerusalem, preacher, deliverance gift, Caesarea trial ; Caesarea, Palestine ; Martyr Procopius the Reader at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on November 22 ; Holy Martyr Procopius was a reader in the Church of Jerusalem. led a strict ascetic life, for which he received from the Lord the ability to cast out demons. zealous preacher of the Word of God was arrested and brought to trial in Palestinian Caesarea. his refusal to offer sacrifice to idols, he was beheaded.

Palestine, Way of the Sea Folder

Way of the Sea (Egypt to Syria)

Way of the Sea 1 (El-Qantarah)

Way of the Sea 2 (Pelusium)

Way of the Sea 3 (Arish, Egypt)

Idumea (southern coastal plain and Edom)
Idumea (southern coastal plain and Edom), 1 Maccabees Ch 4, Ch 6;

Way of the Sea 4 (Rafah, Gaza Strip, Palestine)

Abba Seridus, Gaza, Palestine (Way of the Sea 5)
Abba Seridus is at Gaza, but that is all Wikipedia knows about it. Venerable Barsanuphius the Great, Commemorated on February 6; Venerable Abba Dorotheus of Palestine, Commemorated on June 5;

Way of the Sea 5 (Gaza, Gaza Strip, Palestine)

Gaza, Gaza Strip, Way of the Sea 5, Palestine
Gaza City; Gaza Strip; Prophet Samuel, Commemorated on August 20 ; Venerable Theophanes the Merciful of Gaza, Commemorated September 29 ; Apostle James the Son of Alphaeus, Commemorated on October 9 ; PHILIP, DEACON AND EVANGELIST (11 OCT NT) ; Apostle Philip of the Seventy, One of the Seven Deacons, Commemorated on October 11 ; St Cosmas the Hymnographer the Bishop of Maiuma, Commemorated on October 12 ; Hieromartyr Silvanus of Gaza, Commemorated on October 14 ; Apostle Philemon of the Seventy, Commemorated November 22; Apostle Onesimus of the Seventy, Commemorated November 22 ; Apostle Philemon of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; St Macedonius the Hermit of Syria, Commemorated January 24 ; Presbyter Ananias in Phoenicia, Commemorated January 26 ; Apostle Onesimus of the Seventy, Commemorated on February 15; Prophet Zephaniah, Commemorated December 3 ; Venerable Barsanuphius the Great, Commemorated on February 6 ; Virginmartyr Ennatha of Palestine, Commemorated on February 10 ; Apostle Onesimus of the Seventy, Commemorated February 15; Martyr Archippus of the Seventy Apostles, Commemorated February 19; Apostle Philemon the Martyr of the Seventy, Commemorated on February 19; St Porphyrius the Bishop of Gaza, Commemorated on February 26; Martyr Cyril the Deacon of Heliopolis, who suffered under Julian the Apostate, Commemorated on March 29 ; Venerable Nicephorus the Abbot of Catabad, Commemorated on April 19; Venerable Vitalius of Gaza, Commemorated on April 22; Hieromartyr Silvanus the Bishop of Gaza, and with him 40 Martyrs, Commemorated on May 4;

Antioch of Palestine, Gaza, Gaza Strip, Way of the Sea 5, Palestine
Gaza City; Gaza Strip; Prophet Samuel, Commemorated on August 20 ; Venerable Theophanes the Merciful of Gaza, Commemorated September 29 ; Apostle James the Son of Alphaeus, Commemorated on October 9 ; PHILIP, DEACON AND EVANGELIST (11 OCT NT) ; Apostle Philip of the Seventy, One of the Seven Deacons, Commemorated on October 11 ; St Cosmas the Hymnographer the Bishop of Maiuma, Commemorated on October 12 ; Hieromartyr Silvanus of Gaza, Commemorated on October 14 ; Apostle Philemon of the Seventy, Commemorated November 22; Apostle Onesimus of the Seventy, Commemorated November 22 ; Apostle Philemon of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; St Macedonius the Hermit of Syria, Commemorated January 24 ; Presbyter Ananias in Phoenicia, Commemorated January 26 ; Apostle Onesimus of the Seventy, Commemorated on February 15; Prophet Zephaniah, Commemorated December 3 ; Venerable Barsanuphius the Great, Commemorated on February 6 ; Virginmartyr Ennatha of Palestine, Commemorated on February 10 ; Apostle Onesimus of the Seventy, Commemorated February 15; Martyr Archippus of the Seventy Apostles, Commemorated February 19; Apostle Philemon the Martyr of the Seventy, Commemorated on February 19; St Porphyrius the Bishop of Gaza, Commemorated on February 26; Martyr Cyril the Deacon of Heliopolis, who suffered under Julian the Apostate, Commemorated on March 29 ; Venerable Nicephorus the Abbot of Catabad, Commemorated on April 19; Venerable Vitalius of Gaza, Commemorated on April 22; Hieromartyr Silvanus the Bishop of Gaza, and with him 40 Martyrs, Commemorated on May 4;

Maium (Maiuma, Port of Gaza, Way of the Sea 5)
Maiuma; St Cosmas the Hymnographer the Bishop of Maiuma, Commemorated on October 12; Venerable Hilarion the Great, Commemorated on October 21 ; The Nativity of our Lord God and Savior Jesus Christ, Commemorated on December 25 ; The Meeting of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ in the Temple, Commemorated on February 2 ;

Way of the Sea 5.5 (Askalon, Gaza Strip, Palestine)

Askalon, Philistia, Palestine Way of the Sea 5.5, Israel
Askalon; No Askalon found in Italy, so it must be Askalon in Israel.; Return of the Relics of the Apostle Bartholomew from Anastasiopolis to Lipari, Commemorated August 25 : By the power of God the chests did not sink into the depths of the sea, but miraculously floated upon the waves and reached Italy. The chest with the relics of the Apostle Bartholomew came to land at the island of Lipari, and the remaining chests continued their journey and came to land at various places in Italy. The chest with the relics of the Martyr Papian halted at Sicily, the Martyr Lucian at Messina, the Martyr Gregory at Calabria, and the Martyr Acacius at Askalon. ; Prophet Zephaniah, Commemorated December 3 ; Martyr Cyril the Deacon of Heliopolis, who suffered under Julian the Apostate, Commemorated on March 29 ;

Azotus (Ashdod)
Azotus, 1 Maccabees Ch 10; Holy, All-Praised Apostle Philip, Commemorated November 14 ;

Way of the Sea 6 (Ashdod, Gaza Strip, Palestine)

Jamnia
Jamnia, 1 Maccabees Ch 4, Ch 5, Ch 10, Ch 15;

Way of the Sea 7 (Joppa, Israel)

Way of the Sea 8 (Caesarea, Dor, Israel)

Caesarea, Palestine (Phonecia, Dor, Way of the Sea 8)
Caesarea, Palestine ; Martyr Paul at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated July 16 ; Martyr Julitta at Caesarea, Commemorated July 31 ; Martyr Marinus the Soldier at Caesarea in Palestine, Commemorated on August 7; Martyr Timothy of Palestine, Commemorated on August 19; Virginmartyr Syra of Persia, Commemorated on August 24; Hieromartyr Cornelius the Centurion, Commemorated on September 13 ; St John the Chozebite the Bishop of Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated October 3 ; PHILIP, DEACON AND EVANGELIST (11 OCT NT); Venerable John the Chozebite, Commemorated on October 28 ; Martyr Antoninus of Cæsarea in Palestine, Commemorated November 13 ; Martyr Manetha of Cæsarea in Palestine, Commemorated on November 13 ; Martyr Roman the Deacon of Caesarea, Commemorated on November 18 ; Martyr Zacchaeus the Deacon of Caesarea in Palestine, Commemorated on November 18 ; Martyr Romanus the Deacon, of Cæsarea, Commemorated on November 18 ; The youth Barulus, Commemorated on November 18; Martyr Procopius the Reader at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on November 22 ; Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Commemorated on December 8 ; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on December 8 ; Apostle Tychicus of the Seventy, Commemorated on December 8 ; Martyr Marinus of Rome, Commemorated December 16 ; Veneration of the Precious Chains of the Holy and All-Glorious Apostle Peter, Commemorated January 16 ; Monkmartyr Anastasius the Persian, Commemorated January 22 ; CORNELIUS THE CENTURION, (7 FEBRUARY); Virginmartyr Ennatha of Palestine, Commemorated on February 10 ; Virginmartyr Ennatha of Palestine; Venerable Martinian of Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on February 13 ; Martyr Pamphilius the Presbyter at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on February 16; Venerable Lazarus of Murom, Commemorated on March 8; Martyr Agapius at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on March 15; St Cyril the Archbishop of Jerusalem, Commemorated on March 18; Venerable Mary of Egypt, Commemorated on April 1; Martyr Amphianus (Apphianus) of Lycia, Commemorated on April 2 ; Virginmartyr Theodosia of Tyre, Commemorated on April 3 ; Hieromartyr Artemon the Presbyter of Laodicea in Syria, Commemorated on April 13 ; St George the Confessor and Bishop of Antioch, in Pisidia, Commemorated on April 19; Apostle Zacchaeus, Commemorated on April 20; Hieromartyr Silvanus the Bishop of Gaza, and with him 40 Martyrs, Commemorated on May 4; Virginmartyr Theodosia of Tyre, Commemorated on May 29; Martyr Kyriake of Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on June 7; Venerable Zosimus of Phoenicia, Syria, Commemorated on June 8; Greatmartyr Procopius of Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on July 8;

Dor
Dor, Israel, 1 Maccabees Ch 15;

Way of the Sea 9 (Megiddo, Israel)

Way of the Sea 10 (Jezreel Valley)

Way of the Sea 11 (Tiberias, Israel)

Way of the Sea 12 (Migdal, Israel)

Way of the Sea 13 (Capernaum, Israel)

Way of the Sea 14 (Hazor, Israel)

Way of the Sea 15 (Jacob's Ford, Israel)

Way of the Sea 16 (Golan Heights, Israel)

Euroea, Phonecia (on the road to Damascas)
Euroea, Phonecia;

Way of the Sea 17 (Damascas, Syria)

Palestine, General Folder

Holy Land (Palestine)
Holy Land; FRANCIS OF ASSISI, FRIAR (4 OCT 1226); St Nectarius Kephalas the Metropolitan of Pentapolis, Commemorated on November 9 ; Venerable Theodosius the Great, the Cenobiarch, Commemorated January 11 ; ST BRIDGET OF KILDARE, ABBESS (1 FEB 523) ; Venerable Brigid (Bridget) of Ireland, Commemorated February 1 ; GEORGE, SOLDIER and MARTYR, 23 APRIL 303, Commemorated April 23; St Zosimas II of Kumurdo, Commemorated on May 1;

Mediterranean Sea
Mediterranean Sea;

Palestine, land of the Philistines - Pleshet
land of the Philistines - Pleshet, 1 Maccabees Ch 3, Ashdod, Askelon, Gaza, Ekron, and Gath;

Canaan (Palestine, Between Jordan Rift (up to Lebanon) and Mediterranean Sea)
Canaan (Between Jordan Rift (up to Lebanon) and Mediterranean Sea); Righteous Forefather Abraham, Commemorated on October 9; Righteous Lot, Commemorated on October 9; Martyr Christopher of Lycia, Commemorated on May 9; The Entrance of St Nino (Nina) the Enlightener into Georgia, Commemorated on May 19;

Land of the Philistines (Gaza to Yarkon River)
Land of the Philistines (Gaza to Yarkon River), According to the Bible, they ruled the five city-states (the "Philistine Pentapolis") of Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Ekron and Gath, from Wadi Gaza in the south to the Yarqon River in the north, but with no fixed border to the east.; Prophet Samuel, Commemorated on August 20 ;

Mediterranean world
Mediterranean world; THOMAS THE APOSTLE, (21 DEC NT) ;

Israel
Israel; FEAST OF THE HOLY CROSS, (14 SEP 335); MICHAEL AND ALL ANGELS; Prophet Elisha, Commemorated on June 14; PETER AND PAUL, APOSTLES AND MARTYRS (29 JUN 64);

Palestinian Israel
Israel; FEAST OF THE HOLY CROSS, (14 SEP 335); MICHAEL AND ALL ANGELS; Prophet Elisha, Commemorated on June 14; PETER AND PAUL, APOSTLES AND MARTYRS (29 JUN 64);

Promised Land
Promised Land; Church New Year, Commemorated September 1; Righteous Joshua the son of Nun (Navi), Commemorated September 1 ; Venerable Theodosius the Great, the Cenobiarch, Commemorated on January 11 ;

Promised Land Entry Point (Jordan River 4, Bethany baptismal site and Promised Land entry point)
Palestine, 400 BC, Promised Land Entry in September; Church New Year, Commemorated on September 1;

Levant (littoral, Countries of the Eastern Mediterranean)
Levant (Countries of the Eastern Mediterranean); littoral zone

Palestine, Jordan River Folder

Jordan River

Baptismal Site Bethany, Palestine (Beyond the Jordan)
Baptismal Site Bethany (Beyond the Jordan); Forefeast of the Theophany of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, Commemorated January 3 ; Feast of the Theophany of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, Commemorated on January 6 ; Synaxis of the Holy Glorious Prophet, Forerunner and Baptist John, Commemorated January 7 ; Afterfeast of the Theophany of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, Commemorated January 10 ; Afterfeast of the Theophany of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, Commemorated on January 13 ; Venerable Conan, Abbot of the Pethukla Monastery, Commemorated February 19 ; Venerable Mary of Egypt, Commemorated on April 1; THE BIRTH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST, (24 JUNE NT); Nativity of the Holy Glorious Prophet, Forerunner and Baptist, Commemorated on June 24;

Pethukla Monastery (On the Jordan)
Baptismal Site Bethany (Beyond the Jordan); Forefeast of the Theophany of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, Commemorated January 3 ; Feast of the Theophany of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, Commemorated on January 6 ; Synaxis of the Holy Glorious Prophet, Forerunner and Baptist John, Commemorated January 7 ; Afterfeast of the Theophany of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, Commemorated January 10 ; Afterfeast of the Theophany of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, Commemorated on January 13 ; Venerable Conan, Abbot of the Pethukla Monastery, Commemorated February 19 ; Venerable Mary of Egypt, Commemorated on April 1; THE BIRTH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST, (24 JUNE NT);

Jordan River Source (Mount Hermon, Golan Heights)
Jordan River Source (Mount Hermon, Golan Heights);

Jordan River 1 (Hula Valley)
Hula Valley;

Jordan River 2 (Sea of Galilee)

Jordan River 3 (Jabbok River)

Jordan River 4 (Bethany baptismal site and Promised Land entry point)

Jordan River Mouth (Dead Sea)

Palestine, Jordan Rift Valley Folder

Jordan Rift Valley
Jordan Rift Valley;

Jordan Rift - South
Jordan Rift Valley;

Pharan wilderness of Palestine
Pharan wilderness of Palestine ; Venerable Cosmas the Eunuch and Hermit of Palestine, Commemorated August 3 ;

Jordan Rift - Middle
Jordan Rift Valley;

Jordan Rift - North

Capitolias, Decapolis, Palestine
Capitolias, Palestine; Martyr Peter of Capetolis, Commemorated on October 4;

Palestine, Phoenicia Folder

Beret, Phoenecia (Biblos, Lebanon)
Beret, Phoenecia Biblos; Commemoration of the Miracle of the Icon of Our Lord Jesus Christin Beret , Commemorated October 11 ; St Rabulas of Samosata, Commemorated February 19 ; Martyr Aquilina of Byblos in Syria, Commemorated on June 13 ;

Palestine, Yarkon River Folder (Tel Aviv, Joppa)

Yarkon River

Yarkon River Source (Arethusa, Tel Afek, Antipatris)

Arethusa, Palestine (Yarkon River Source)
Arethusa, Palestine; Hieromartyr Mark the Bishop of Arethusa, who suffered under Julian the Apostate, Commemorated on March 29 ;

Diospolis, Palestine (Lod or Lydda, Yarkon River)
Lydda or Lod; Apostle Zenas of the Seventy, Commemorated September 27 ; St Tabitha the Widow, raised from the dead by the Apostle Peter, Commemorated October 25 ; Apostle Amplias of the Seventy, Commemorated October 31 ; Apostle Amplias of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Zenas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Icon œNot Made by HandsÂ from Lydda, Commemorated on March 12; Martyr Agapius at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on March 15; GEORGE, SOLDIER and MARTYR, 23 APRIL 303, Commemorated April 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Lydda or œthe RomanÂ, Commemorated on June 26;

Yarkon River 1

Lydda, Palestine (Lod or Diospolis, Yarkon River 1)
Lydda or Lod; Apostle Zenas of the Seventy, Commemorated September 27 ; St Tabitha the Widow, raised from the dead by the Apostle Peter, Commemorated October 25 ; Apostle Amplias of the Seventy, Commemorated October 31 ; Dedication of the Church of the Greatmartyr George in Lydda, Commemorated on November 3; Christians built a new church in honor of Saint George at Lydda during the reign of Saint Constantine (305-337). When the church was consecrated, the relics of the holy Great Martyr George (April 23) were transferred there, and many miracles took place before them. Apostle Amplias of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Zenas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Icon œNot Made by HandsÂ from Lydda, Commemorated on March 12; Martyr Agapius at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on March 15; GEORGE, SOLDIER and MARTYR, 23 APRIL 303, Commemorated April 23; is a soldier and martyr who suffered around 303 at Lydda (Diospolis) in Palestine. The earliest surviving record of him is a church inscription in Syria, dated about 346. Commemorations of him are numerous, early, and widespread. However, no details of his life are known. In 495 his name appears on a list of "good men, justly remembered, whose good deeds are known only to God." The best-known story about him is that he rescued a beautiful princess in Libya by killing a dragon. It should be noted that this story is unknown before the appearance in 1265 of a romance called the Golden Legend (Legendum Aureum), translated into English in 1483. the soldiers of the First Crusade were besieging Antioch in 1098, they had a vision of George and Demetrius (a deacon of Sirmium in Serbia, martyred under Maximian, and referred to as a "soldier of Christ," from which he was often understood to be a literal soldier) encouraging them to maintain the siege, which ultimately proved successful. Richard I ("the Lion-Heart") of England, who fought in the Holy Land in 1191-1192, placed himself and his army under George's protection, and with the return home of the Crusaders, the popularity of George in England increased greatly. Edward III founded the Order of the Garter in 1348 under his patronage, his banner (a red cross on a white field) began to be used as the English national flag in 1284, and in 1415 Henry V spoke of him to rally the troops before the battle of Agincourt ("Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more, or close the wall up with our English dead. ... cry God for Harry, England, and St George!"), and in the years following George was regarded as the special patron of England, of soldiers, and of the Boy Scouts, as well as of Venice, Genoa, Portugal, and Catalonia. He is also remembered with enthusiasm in many parts of the East Orthodox Church. He is a principal character in Edmund Spenser's allegorical poem The Faerie Queene, written in the late 1500's. — by James Kiefer Icon of the Mother of God of Lydda or œthe RomanÂ, Commemorated on June 26; wonderworking Lydda Icon is mentioned in the service for the Kazan Icon (July 8 & October 22) in the third Ode of the Canon. to Tradition, the Apostles Peter and John were preaching in Lydda (later called Diospolis) near Jerusalem. There they built a church dedicated to the Most Holy Theotokos, then went to Jerusalem and asked her to come and sanctify the church by her presence. She sent them back to Lydda and said, “Go in peace, and I shall be there with you.â€ at Lydda, they found an icon of the Virgin imprinted in color on the wall of the church (some sources say the image was on a pillar). Then the Mother of God appeared and rejoiced at the number of people who had gathered there. She blessed the icon and gave it the power to work miracles. This icon was not made by the hand of man, but by a divine power. the Apostate (reigned 361-363) heard about the icon and tried to eradicate it. Masons with sharp tools chipped away at the image, but the paint and lines just seemed to penetrate deeper into the stone. Those whom the emperor had sent were unable to destroy the icon. As word of this miracle spread, millions of people came to venerate the icon. the eighth century, Saint Germanus, the future Patriarch of Constantinople (May 12) passed through Lydda. He had a copy of the icon made, and sent it to Rome during the iconoclastic controversy. It was placed in the church of Saint Peter, and was the source of many healings. In 842, the reproduction was returned to Constantinople and was known as the Roman Icon (June 26). oldest sources of information for the Lydda Icon are a document attributed to Saint Andrew of Crete in 726, a letter written by three eastern Patriarchs to the iconoclast emperor Theophilus in 839, and a work of George the Monk in 886. icon still existed as late as the ninth century. Lydda Icon of the Mother of God is also commemorated on March 12.

Yarkon River 2 (Yarkon Park)

Yarkon River Mouth (Joppa, Mediterranean Sea)

Joppa, Palestine (Jaffa, Tel Aviv, Yarkon River Mouth, Way of the Sea 7)
Joppa, now Jaffa, 1 Maccabees Ch 10-15; Hieromartyr Cornelius the Centurion, Commemorated on September 13; St Tabitha the Widow, raised from the dead by the Apostle Peter, Commemorated on October 25 ; LYDIA, DORCAS AND PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, 27 JAN. NT ; CORNELIUS THE CENTURION, (7 FEBRUARY);

Tabitha, Tomb of Tabitha, Joppa, Palestine (Jaffa, Tel Aviv, Yarkon River Mouth, Way of the Sea 7)
Tabitha, Tomb of Tabitha, Joppa, Palestine (Jaffa, Tel Aviv, Yarkon River Mouth, Way of the Sea 7) Joppa, now Jaffa, 1 Maccabees Ch 10-15; Venerable Hilarion the Great, Commemorated on October 21;

Apollonia, Israel (north of Yarkon River Mouth on Way of the Sea)
Apollonia; Martyr Acacius of Apamea, Commemorated July 28 ; Holy Martyr Acacius was brought to trial for his belief in Christ. Three governors attempted to compel the holy martyr to offer sacrifice to idols, having subjected him to fierce tortures. Governor Licinius gave orders to rend the body of Saint Acacius with instruments of torture. He then sent him to Governor Terence, who gave orders to throw Acacius into a cauldron filled with boiling tar and tallow, but the martyr remained unharmed. Terence went to the cities of Apamea and Apollonia and gave orders to bring the martyr after him. In one of these cities Saint Acacius was led into a pagan temple, but by his prayer all the idols there fell down. beat the saint viciously and gave him over to be eaten by wild beasts. When they saw that he remained unharmed, they threw him into a red-hot furnace. The martyr also remained unharmed there. The governor, wanting to check whether the furnace was sufficiently hot, went near it and was burned himself. They then took the holy Martyr Acacius for torture to a certain Posidonius, who put heavy fetters on the holy martyr and gave orders to take him to the city of Miletus. There also the saint, by his prayer, destroyed idols. Finally, the exhausted torturers beheaded Saint Acacius. A priest by the name of Leontius buried his body in the city of Synados (Asia Minor). Apostle Mark of the Seventy, Commemorated on October 30 ;

Palestine, Jerusalem Roads Folder

Road to Gilgal - Galilee to Jericho Road

Jericho Jerusalem Road by Anathoth and St Georges

Jericho Jerusalem Road by Bethany and Chozeba

Gerasimus of the Jordan's Monastery, midway on Gerasimus' watercourse, the Caves, 455, Theoctistus'
Gerasimus of the Jordan's Monastery, 455; Martyr Constantine, King of Georgia, Commemorated on November 10; Venerable Gerasimus of the Jordan, Commemorated on March 4;

Euthymius' Monastery, Benjamin (high point, Kidron Valley 6) 428
Laura of Euthymius; Venerable Cyriacus the Hermit of Palestine, Commemorated September 29 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Damascus, Commemorated on December 4 ; Venerable Sava the Sanctified, Commemorated on December 5 ; Venerable George the Chozebite, Abbot, Commemorated January 8 ; Venerable Gerasimus of the Jordan, Commemorated on March 4 ; Venerable Mary of Egypt, Commemorated on April 1; Venerable Zosimas of Palestine, Commemorated on April 4; St Theodore the Sykeote the Bishop of Anastasiopolis, Commemorated on April 22;

Monastery of St. Theoctistus, Kidron Valley 4 (Deir Muqallik and or Wadi Og)
The Monastery of St. Theoctistus (Deir Muqallik and or Wadi Og); Deir Muqallik or Wadi Og; Venerable Cyriacus the Hermit of Palestine, Commemorated on September 29;

Bethpage, Mount of Olives Steep Route

Hebron, Bethlehem Road to Jerusalem (Judea)

Wilderness Road South to Gaza and North to Hebron
Wilderness Road - Then an angel of the Lord said to Philip, ˜Get up and go towards the south* to the road that goes down from Jerusalem to Gaza. ™ (This is a wilderness road.); Acts 8:26-40, Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch ; Apostle Philip the Deacon of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4;

Jerusalem to Bethel Road (avoided, very difficult hiking, see elevation profile)

Gibeon-Ajalon Road - Hwy 443

Ajalon and Valley Gate to Eleutheropolis and Way of the Sea Road

Judea to Way of the Sea Road

Palestine, Philistia Folder, Philistines

Philistia, Land of the Philistines
Philistia, Land of the Philistines; Ashdod, Ashkelon, Gaza, Gath Philistia, One of the Top 50 Bible Locations Jordan River, Dead Sea, Sea of Galilee, Mediteranean Sea, Fertile Crescent (Greater Syria) , Caanan -- West of Jordan River, Messopotamia and Ephrates River, Egypt, Ethiopia, Cities: Babylon, Bethel, Bethlehem, Damascus, Gibeon, Gilgal, Hebron, Lachish, Soddom and Gomorrah, Sidon and Tyre, & Shechem/ Shiloh. Areas: Chaldea, Eden, Edom, Gilead, Havilah, Hamath, Judea, Kadesh, Lebanon, Megiddo, Midian, Moab or Shittim, Ammon, Northern Kingdom, Persia, Philistia, Red Sea, Samaria, Shinar or Messopotamia, Wilderness of Sin, Syria, Hittites Area, Mountains: Hermon, Hill Country, Zion, Seir,

Gath, Philistia (couple miles South of Hebron) Goliath from Gad
Hebron; Joshua 9:22-10:15, The Five Amorite Cities, The Sun Stands Still; Sunday after the Nativity: Commemoration of the Holy Righteous David the King, Joseph the Betrothed, and James the Brother of the Lord, Commemorated close to December 26; Holy Righteous David the King, Commemorated on December 26; THE VISITATION OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY, (31 MAY); Nativity of the Holy Glorious Prophet, Forerunner and Baptist, Commemorated on June 24; THE BIRTH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST, (24 JUNE NT);

Palestine (Clean), Roman Roads, Rivers, Points Folder

Palestine, Jordan River, Eastern boundary

Palestine (Clean), its Area
Palestine, its Area

Palestine, Canaan, its Area
Canaan, its Area

Palestine, Caanan, its Area, outside Palestine
Caanan, its Area

Palestine, Zargos Mountains - Around the Fertile Crescent
Zargos Mountains, around the Fertile Crescent;

Palestine, on Arabian Plate, its Area

Phoenecia (Clean), its Area, coastal part of Fertile Crescent, Lebanon to Gaza
Lebanon, its Area

Arabian Plate, its Area

Phoenicia, Palestine (coastal part of the Fertile Crescent, Lebanon to Gaza)
Phoenicia was an ancient Semitic civilization situated on the western, coastal part of the Fertile Crescent and centered on the coastline of modern Lebanon.;

Diospolis, Palestine (Lod or Lydda, Yarkon River)
Lydda or Lod; Apostle Zenas of the Seventy, Commemorated September 27 ; St Tabitha the Widow, raised from the dead by the Apostle Peter, Commemorated October 25 ; Apostle Amplias of the Seventy, Commemorated October 31 ; Apostle Amplias of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Zenas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Icon “Not Made by Handsâ€ from Lydda, Commemorated on March 12; Martyr Agapius at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on March 15; GEORGE, SOLDIER and MARTYR, 23 APRIL 303, Commemorated April 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Lydda or “the Romanâ€, Commemorated on June 26;

Jerusalem, in Palestine
Jerusalem;

Palestine (area between Mediterranean Sea and Jordan River) after 135
Palestine is a geographic region in Western Asia between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River.;

Palestine, Canaan ( Between Jordan Rift (up to Lebanon) and Mediterranean Sea)
Canaan (Between Jordan Rift (up to Lebanon) and Mediterranean Sea);

Palestinian Israel
Israel, between Jordan Rift up to Lebanon and Mediterranean Sea;

Palestine, Promised Land aka Canaan (Palestine, Between Jordan Rift (up to Lebanon) and Mediterranean Sea)
Canaan (Between Jordan Rift (up to Lebanon) and Mediterranean Sea);

Joppa, Palestine (Jaffa, Tel Aviv, Yarkon River Mouth, Way of the Sea 7)
Joppa, now Jaffa, 1 Maccabees Ch 10-15;

Lydda, Palestine (Lod or Diospolis, Yarkon River 1)
Lydda or Lod;

Paneas in Palestine, Golan Heights
Paneas in Palestine, Golan Heights;

Way of the Sea (Egypt to Syria)
Way of the Sea (Heliopolis Egypt to Damascus, Syria)

Kings Highway (Nile River, Egypt to Euphrates River, Syria)

Judea (West Bank) Roman Road
Judea;

Benjamin, between Roman Roads to Jericho on West Bank
Jericho West Bank;

Samaria (West Bank) Roman Road
Samaria;

Palestine (Clean), Jerusalem, Mt of Olives area Folder

Mount of Olives (near Jerusalem)
Mount of Olives; MARY MAGDALENE, FIRST WITNESS OF THE RESURRECTION (22 JULY NT); MARY, MARTHA AND LAZARUS OF BETHANY, (29 JULY NT); Righteous Joseph of Arimathea, Commemorated July 31 ; The Dormition of our Most Holy Lady the Mother of God and Ever-Virgin Mary, Commemorated on August 15 Dormition = A peaceful and painless death, as well as the act of sleeping or falling asleep. ; Commemoration of the Founding of the Church of the Resurrection (Holy Sepulchre) at Jerusalem, Commemorated on September 13; The Universal Exaltation of the Precious and Life-Giving Cross, Commemorated on September 14; Virginmartyr Pelagia of Antioch, Commemorated October 8 ; Venerable Hilarion the Monk and Wonderworker of Thessalonica, Georgian, Commemorated on November 19 ; St Gregory the Bishop of Agrigentum, Commemorated November 23 ; Venerable Melania the Younger of Rome, Commemorated December 31 ; Apostle Cleophas of the Seventy, the Brother of Joseph the Betrothed, Commemorated on January 4; FEAST OF THE PRESENTATION OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST, FEAST OF THE PURIFICATION OF THE VIRGIN, CANDLEMAS DAY (FEB 2) ; First and second finding of the Honorable Head of the Holy Glorious Prophet, Forerunner, and Baptist of the Lord, John, Commemorated February 24 ; St Cyril the Archbishop of Jerusalem, Commemorated on March 18; Commemoration of the Apparition of the Sign of the Precious Cross Over Jerusalem, in 351 AD, Commemorated on May 7;

Watercourse down from Mt of Olives to North to Kedron River

Watercourse down from Mt of Olives South past Kedron town

Mount of the Assension, Chapel of the Assension, Mt of Olives, 384
Mount of the Assension, Chapel of the Assension; Venerable Melania the Younger of Rome, Commemorated on December 31;

Ridge of Grace, Mount of Olives, Jerusalem
Ridge of Grace When the pilgrims were approaching the place called the œRidge of Grace,Â from which the holy city of Jerusalem becomes visible, St. David fell to his knees and glorified God with tears. Judging himself unworthy to follow in the footsteps of Jesus Christ, he was satisfied to gaze upon the city from afar. St David Gareji, Commemorated on June 9;

Kedron Valley or Valley of Josaphat
Kedron Valley or Josaphat Valley; The Dormition of our Most Holy Lady the Mother of God and Ever-Virgin Mary, Commemorated on August 15;

Gethsemane, Garden of Gethsemane, Mt of Olives, near Jerusalem
Garden of Gethsemane, Mt of Olives, near Jerusalem ;

Sepulchre, Holy Sepulchre (Tomb) of the Lord, Garden of Gethsemane
Holy Sepulchre of the Lord;

Dormition of the Theotokos at Holy Sepulchre, Gethsemane
Dormition of the Theotokos at Holy Sepulchre, Gethsemane; the time of Her blessed Falling Asleep, the Most Holy Virgin Mary was again at Jerusalem. Her fame as the Mother of God had already spread throughout the land and had aroused many of the envious and the spiteful against Her. They wanted to make attempts on Her life; but God preserved Her from enemies. and night She spent her time in prayer. The Most Holy Theotokos went often to the Holy Sepulchre of the Lord, and here She offered up fevent prayer. More than once, enemies of the Savior sought to hinder Her from visiting her holy place, and they asked the High Priest for a guard to watch over the Grave of the Lord. The Holy Virgin continued to pray right in front of them, yet unseen by anyone. one such visit to Golgotha, the Archangel Gabriel appeared to Her and announced Her approaching departure from this life to eternal life. In pledge of this, the Archangel gave Her a palm branch. With these heavenly tidings the Mother of God returned to Bethlehem with the three girls attending Her (Sepphora, Abigail, and Jael). She summoned Righteous Joseph of Arimathea and other disciples of the Lord, and told them of Her impending Repose. Most Holy Virgin prayed also that the Lord would have the Apostle John come to Her. The Holy Spirit transported him from Ephesus, setting him in that very place where the Mother of God lay. After the prayer, the Most Holy Virgin offered incense, and John heard a voice from Heaven, closing Her prayer with the word “Amen.” The Mother of God took it that the voice meant the speedy arrival of the Apostles and the Disciples and the holy Bodiless Powers. faithful, whose number by then was impossible to count, gathered together, says Saint John of Damascus, like clouds and eagles, to listen to the Mother of God. Seeing one another, the Disciples rejoiced, but in their confusion they asked each other why the Lord had gathered them together in one place. Saint John the Theologian, greeting them with tears of joy, said that the time of the Virgin’s repose was at hand. in to the Mother of God, they beheld Her lying upon the bed, and filled with spiritual joy. The Disciples greeted Her, and then they told her how they had been carried miraculously from their places of preaching. The Most Holy Virgin Mary glorified God, because He had heard Her prayer and fulfilled Her heart’s desire, and She began speaking about Her imminent end. this conversation the Apostle Paul also appeared in a miraculous manner together with his disciples Dionysius the Areopagite, Saint Hierotheus, Saint Timothy and others of the Seventy Apostles. The Holy Spirit had gathered them all together so that they might be granted the blessing of the All-Pure Virgin Mary, and more fittingly to see to the burial of the Mother of the Lord. She called each of them to Herself by name, She blessed them and extolled them for their faith and the hardships they endured in preaching the Gospel of Christ. To each She wished eternal bliss, and prayed with them for the peace and welfare of the whole world. came the third hour (9 A.M.), when the Dormition of the Mother of God was to occur. A number of candles were burning. The holy Disciples surrounded her beautifully adorned bed, offering praise to God. She prayed in anticipation of Her demise and of the arrival of Her longed-for Son and Lord. Suddenly, the inexpressible Light of Divine Glory shone forth, before which the blazing candles paled in comparison. All who saw it took fright. Descending from Heaven was Christ, the King of Glory, surrounded by hosts of Angels and Archangels and other Heavenly Powers, together with the souls of the Forefathers and the Prophets, who had prophesied in ages past concerning the Most Holy Virgin Mary. Her Son, the Mother of God exclaimed: “My soul doth magnify the Lord, and my spirit hath rejoiced in God My Savior, for He hath regarded the low estate of His Handmaiden” (Luke 1:46-48) and, rising from Her bed to meet the Lord, She bowed down to Him, and the Lord bid Her enter into Life Eternal. Without any bodily suffering, as though in a happy sleep, the Most Holy Virgin Mary gave Her soul into the hands of Her Son and God. began a joyous angelic song. Accompanying the pure soul of the God-betrothed and with reverent awe for the Queen of Heaven, the angels exclaimed: “Hail, Full of Grace, the Lord is with Thee, blessed art Thou among women! For lo, the Queen, God’s Maiden comes, lift up the gates, and with the Ever-Existing One, take up the Mother of Light; for through Her salvation has come to all the human race. It is impossible to gaze upon Her, and it is impossible to render Her due honor” (Stikherion on “Lord, I Have Cried”). The Heavenly gates were raised, and meeting the soul of the Most Holy Mother of God, the Cherubim and the Seraphim glorified Her with joy. The face of the Mother of God was radiant with the glory of Divine virginity, and from Her body there came a sweet fragrance.

Bethphage, Mount of Olives
Bethphage, Mount of Olives; Matthew 21:1-11, Jesus' Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem, Bethpage, Mount of Olives Steep Route, so Bethpage could really be located at Wadi Qadum on the more natural route to and from Jericho through Bethany. However, the steep route would have been triumphal.;

Bethany, Mt of Olives (on the road from Jericho)
Bethany; MARY MAGDALENE, FIRST WITNESS OF THE RESURRECTION (22 JULY NT); MARY, MARTHA AND LAZARUS OF BETHANY, (29 JULY NT); Venerable Theoctistus, Commemorated on September 3; Translation of the relics of St Lazarus œof the Four Days in the Tomb the Bishop of Kiteia on Cyprus, Commemorated on October 17; Righteous Judith, Commemorated on December 11; Righteous Martha the sister of Lazarus, Commemorated on June 4;

Palestine (Clean), Jerusalem Gates area Folder

Palestine, Jerusalem, City Gates Area, Old City
Jerusalem, City Gates Area, Old City

Palestine, Jerusalem Temple Mount, its Area
Jerusalem Temple Mount, its Area

Jerusalem Temple
Temple in Jerusalem;

Temple - Jerusalem Temple
Temple in Jerusalem;

Jerusalem Gates - Gate of Benjamin (Upper, Higher, Gate toward Benjamin)
Gate of Benjamin (Upper, Higher, Gate toward Benjamin). Pashur hit Jerimiah the Prophet, then he placed him in the stocks in the high gate of Benjamin, where he remained all night; Zechariah 14:1-11, Future Warfare and Final Victory ;

Jerusalem Gates - City Gates - Jaffa Gate
Old Jerusalem City Wall Gates; Jaffa Gate;

Jerusalem Gates - Corner Gate (Zion Gate)
Corner Gate (Zion Gate) Old City (Jerusalem); Zechariah 14:1-11, Future Warfare and Final Victory ;

Jerusalem Gates - Dung Gate, Jerusalem's Wall
Dung Gate, Jerusalem's Wall; Nehemiah 2:1-20, Nehemiah Sent to Judah, Nehemiah™s Inspection of the Walls; Nehemiah 12:27-31,42-47, Dedication of the City Wall, Temple Responsibilities;

Jerusalem Gates - Fountain Gate (Chain Gate)
Fountain Gate (Chain Gate) ; Nehemiah 2:1-20, Nehemiah Sent to Judah, Nehemiah™s Inspection of the Walls;

Jerusalem Gates - Eastern Gate - Golden Gate in Jerusalem, Walled up
Golden Gate in Jerusalem;

King's Pool (Pool of Siloam)
King's Pool (Pool of Siloam); Nehemiah 2:1-20, Nehemiah Sent to Judah, Nehemiah™s Inspection of the Walls;

Tower of Hananel
Tower of Hananel; Zechariah 14:1-11, Future Warfare and Final Victory ;

Mount Moriah, Jerusalem
Mount Moriah; Temple of Solomon; Wailing Wall;

Solomon's Portico (Porch)
Solomon's Portico (Porch); Acts 5:12-26, The Apostles Heal Many, Then they were persecuted

Wailing Wall
Wailing Wall;

Pool of Siloam
Pool of Siloam ; Prophet Isaiah, Commemorated on May 9 ;

Potter's Field (Source of clay for making pots, Prophecy 597 BC)
Potter's Field, Jerusalem ; Potter's field, source of clay ;

Tophet, Topheth, Gihinnom (Burying Sons and Daughters in the Fire, Evil)
Tophet, Topheth, Gihinnom (Burying Sons and Daughters in the Fire); Jeremiah 7:21-34, Tophet, Topheth, Gihinnom (Burying Sons and Daughters in the Fire, Evil in Judah) ;

Upper Room, Last Supper
Upper Room, Last Supper;

Azal
Azal; Zechariah 14:1-11, Future Warfare and Final Victory;

Zion (Sion)
Zion;

Mt Sion (Mt Zion)
Mt Sion (Mt Zion) ;

City of David (Royal Court, Just outside the gates)
City of David (Royal Court);

Royal Court, City of David, Just outside the gates)
City of David (Royal Court);

Citadel (Tower of David)
The Citadel (Tower of David), 1 Maccabees ch 6;

King's Wine Presses
King's Wine Presses (see them in the picture); Zechariah 14:1-11, Future Warfare and Final Victory ;

Golgotha, just outside City Gates, Jerusalem (where they found the Cross)
Golgotha, just outside City Gates, Jerusalem ;

Church of the Holy Sepulchre, just outside City Gates, Jerusalem
Church of the Holy Sepulchre;

Church of the Resurrection, The Holy sepulchre, 335
Church of the Resurrection, The Holy sepulchre, 335; Church of the Resurrection;

Russian Mission in Jerusalem (Russian Compound, Holy Trinity Cathedral) 1847
Russian Mission in Jerusalem; Russian Compound ;

Tomb of the Lord, The Garden Tomb
Tomb of the Lord, The Garden Tomb;

Palestine (Clean), Way of the Sea Folder

Way of the Sea (Egypt to Syria)
Way of the Sea (Egypt to Demascus Syria)

Gaza, Gaza Strip, Way of the Sea 5, Palestine
Gaza City; Gaza Strip;

Maium (Maiuma, Port of Gaza, Way of the Sea 5)
Maiuma;

Askalon, Philistia, Palestine Way of the Sea 5.5, Israel
Askalon; No Askalon found in Italy, so it must be Askalon in Israel.;

Caesarea, Palestine (Phonecia, Dor, Way of the Sea 8)
Caesarea, Palestine ;

Herod's Praetorium in Caesarea, served as his home, and a prison
Herod's Praetorium in Caesarea, served as his home, and a prison;

Palestine (Clean), Jordan River Folder

Palestine (Clean), Jordan Rift Valley Folder

Palestine (Clean), Yarkon River Folder (Tel Aviv, Joppa)

Tabitha, Tomb of Tabitha, Joppa, Palestine (Jaffa, Tel Aviv, Yarkon River Mouth, Way of the Sea 7)

Palestine (Clean), Phoenicia Folder

Ptolemais, Galilee (Acre) Phoenicia
Ptolemais, Acre, 1 Maccabees Ch 9;

Palestine (Clean), Jerusalem Roads Folder

Wilderness Road South to Gaza and North to Hebron
Wilderness Road - Then an angel of the Lord said to Philip, "˜Get up and go towards the south* to the road that goes down from Jerusalem to Gaza.(This is a wilderness road.); Acts 8:26-40, Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch ; Apostle Philip the Deacon of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4;

Palestine (Clean), Philistia Folder, Philistines