Russia, Kiev and Ukraine Folder, Western and Soutwestern Russia.kmz

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine Folder, Western and Soutwestern Russia

Russia, Kiev, 860, Rus-“Byzantine War
Rus-“Byzantine War (860), Russians seize Constantinople ; St Ignatius the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on October 23 ; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at Blachernae, Commemorated on July 2 ;

Russia, Kiev, 862, Invitation of the Varangians
Russia, Kiev, 862, Invitation of the Varangians; Invitation of the Varangians, and Foundation of the Kievian State; Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated September 2 ; Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14;

Russia, Kiev, 862, Rurik dynasty, from Chernigov, Kievan Rus
Rurik dynasty, 862, from Chernigov, Kiev Rus, including Boryatinskys; Chernigov; Venerable Polycarp of Briansk, Commemorated on February 23;

Russia, Kiev, 882-1240, Land of the Rus (Kievian Rus)
Land of the Rus (Kievian Rus); Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10;

Russia, Kiev, 800, 9th-11th Century, Kiev Varangians (Land of the Varangians)
Kiev Varangians; Theodore; Martyr Theodore and his son of Kiev, Commemorated on July 12;

Russia, Kiev, 907, Russian incursion into Greece, Oleg the Wise
Russian incursion into Greece in 907 (Rus-“Byzantine War (907)); The very first pages of the Russian Primary Chronicle, as foreordained by God, is bound up with the name of the holy Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica. The Chronicle relates that when Oleg the Wise threatened the Greeks at Constantinople (907), the Greeks became terrified and said, œThis is not Oleg, but rather St Demetrius sent upon us from God. Russian soldiers always believed that they were under the special protection of the holy Great Martyr Demetrius. Moreover, in the old Russian barracks the Great Martyr Demetrius was always depicted as Russian. Thus this image entered the soul of the Russian nation. Russian Primary Chronicle; Timeline of Russian history; Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrhgusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26; Oleg of Kiev and Novgorod (Little Russia); Little Russia (Ukraine);

Russia, Kiev, 988, Baptism of Rus, August 1st, 988
Baptism of Rus, Kiev, August 1st, 988; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; Procession of the Honorable Wood of the Life-Giving Cross of the Lord (First of the three ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂœFeasts of the SaviorÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ in August), Commemorated on August 1; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 5; St Amphilochius the Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on October 10; Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27; Venerable Elias of Murom the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 19; St Joachim, First Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23;

Russia, Kiev, 1113, Monomakhovchi, House of Monomakh of Rurik dynasty, Kievan Rus, a Cumans
Russia, Kiev, 1113, House of Monomakh of Rurik dynasty, Kiev' Rurik dynasty, 862, from Chernigov, Kiev Rus, including Boryatinskys; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14;

Russia, Kiev, 1113, Olgoviches, House of Oleg of Rurik dynasty, Kievan Rus, w Cumans
Russia, Kiev, 1113, Olgoviches of Rurik dynasty, Kievan Rus; Russia, Kiev, 1113, House of Monomakh of Rurik dynasty, Kiev' Rurik dynasty, 862, from Chernigov, Kiev Rus, including Boryatinskys; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine (Dnieper River Tributaries and Southern Bug River)
Ukraine; Appearance of the Smolensk œDirectress Icon of the Mother of God brought from Constantinople, Commemorated on July 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Trinity-St Sergius Lavra, Commemorated July 28 ; St Pitirim the Bishop of Tambov, Commemorated on July 28; Venerable Anthony of Optina, Commemorated on August 7 ; FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE, NURSE, RENEWER OF SOCIETY (12 AUGUST 1910); Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on August 17; Icon of the Mother of God "Chernigov-Gethsemane", Commemorated September 1 ; St John the Faster the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Uncovering of the relics of St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated September 4 ; Martyr Romulus and with him many others, Commemorated September 6 ; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Glinsk, Commemorated on September 8; Uncovering of the relics of St Theodosius the Archbishop of Chernigov, Commemorated September 9 ; Venerable Prince Andrew, in Monasticism Joasaph, of Kubensk, Vologda, Commemorated on September 10 ; Translation of the Icon of the Mother of God in Triumph to Russia, Commemorated on September 18 ; Icon of the Mother of God "the Merciful", Commemorated December 27 ; St Vladimir, Metropolitan of Kiev and Gallich, Commemorated January 25 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Elets-Chernigov", Commemorated February 5 ; Icon of the Mother of God "the Seeker of the Lost", Commemorated February 5 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; Venerable Polycarp of Briansk, Commemorated February 23 ; Icon of the Mother of God ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚Âœthe Blessed HeavenÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on March 6; Icon of the Mother of God of Smolensk the ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂœSweet-KissingÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on March 19; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Monkmartyr Eustratius of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on March 28; Icon of the Mother of God of Molcha, Commemorated on April 24; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27 ; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Putivil, Commemorated on May 2 ; St Athanasius of Lubensk the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 2; St Athanasius the Great the Patriarch of Alexandria, Commemorated on May 2 ; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on May 3 ; Icon of the Mother of God ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂœStaro RusÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ Old Russian, Commemorated on May 4; Icon of the Mother of God of Lubech, Commemorated on May 7; Monkmartyr Pachomius of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 7; Repose of St Alexis Toth the confessor and defender of Orthodoxy in America, Commemorated on May 7 ; Venerable Joseph of Optina, Commemorated on May 9; Icon of the Mother of God ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂœVirgin of TendernessÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ from the Pskov Caves, Commemorated on May 21 ; St John the Russian and Confessor, whose relics are on the island of Euboia, Commemorated on May 27;

Russia, Ukraine, Land of the Drevlyans (Right Bank Ukraine, Right bank Dnieper)
Drevlyans; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ;

Russia, Drevlians, people of the forests, Mal of the Drevlians, 6th - 10th Century
Drevlians, people of the forests, Mal of the Drevlians, 6th - 10th Century; Polyanians, people of the fields, Kiev Rus, 6th - 10th Century; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15;

Russia, Kiev (Ukraine) History Folder

Russia, Kiev, 000, 1st Century, Ukraine Folder, Saint Andrew the Apostle

Kiev, 1st Century, Saint Andrew the Apostle
Kiev, 1st Century, Saint Andrew the Apostle; Apostle Andrew, the Holy and All-Praised First-Called, Commemorated on November 30;

Russia, Kiev, 700, 8th Century, Ukraine Folder, Prince Bravlin conquers Crimea, becomes Christian

Russia, Kiev, 790, Prince Bravlin, conquered Crimea, and saved by St Steven
Russia, 790, Prince Bravlin, conquered Crimea, and saved by St Steven ; St. Stephen the Confessor the Archbishop of Sourozh in the Crimea, Commemorated on December 15;

Russia, Kiev, 800, 9th - 11th Century, Ukraine Folder, Varangian Newcomers

Russia, Kiev, 800-899, 9th Century Folder, Rus Byzantine War, Kiev Varangians, Cyril and Methodius

Drevlians, people of the forests, Mal of the Drevlians, 6th - 10th Century
Drevlians, people of the forests, Mal of the Drevlians, 6th - 10th Century; Polyanians, people of the fields, Kiev Rus, 6th - 10th Century; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15;

Russia, Kiev, 860, Rus-“Byzantine War, Prince Askold
Rus-“Byzantine War (860), Russians seize Constantinople ; St Ignatius the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on October 23 ; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at Blachernae, Commemorated on July 2 ;

Russia, Kiev, 9th-11th Century, Kiev Varangians (Land of the Varangians)
Kiev Varangians; Theodore; Martyr Theodore and his son of Kiev, Commemorated on July 12;

Russia, Kiev, 860-879, Kiev Rus King, Askold
Russia, Kiev, 860-879, Kiev Rus King, Askold Kiev Rus King, 870's, Princes Askold and Dir; St Nahum of Ochrid, the Disciple of St Cyril and Methodius, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on December 23; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at, Blachernae, Commemorated on July 2 ; Martyr Theodore and his son of Kiev, Commemorated on July 12; CYRIL AND METHODIUS, MISSIONARIES TO THE SLAVS (14 FEB 869) ; St Methodius, Equal of the Apostles and Archbishop of Moravia, Enlightener of the Slavs, Commemorated on April 6; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at Blachernae, Commemorated on July 2;

Russia, Kiev, 862-867, Kiev Rus Saints, Cyril and Methodius in Russia
Kiev Rus Saints, 862-867, Saints Cyril and Methodius in Russia; Hieromartyr Clement the Pope of Rome, Commemorated on November 25; St Nahum of Ochrid, the Disciple of St Cyril and Methodius, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on December 23; Apostle Clement of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4 ; CYRIL AND METHODIUS, MISSIONARIES TO THE SLAVS (14 FEB 869) ; Repose of St Cyril, Equal of the Apostles and Teacher of the Slavs, Commemorated on February 14 ; St Methodius, Equal of the Apostles and Archbishop of Moravia, Enlightener of the Slavs, Commemorated on April 6;

Russia, Kiev, 870, Kiev Rus King, 870's, Princes Askold and Dir
Kiev Rus King, 870's, Princes Askold and Dir; Askold; St Nahum of Ochrid, the Disciple of St Cyril and Methodius, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on December 23; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at, Blachernae, Commemorated on July 2 ; Martyr Theodore and his son of Kiev, Commemorated on July 12; CYRIL AND METHODIUS, MISSIONARIES TO THE SLAVS (14 FEB 869) ; St Methodius, Equal of the Apostles and Archbishop of Moravia, Enlightener of the Slavs, Commemorated on April 6; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at Blachernae, Commemorated on July 2;

Russia, Kiev, 879-912, K Rus King, Oleg of Novgorod, the Wise, tricked and killed Askold and Dir
Russia, Kiev, 879-912, Kiev Rus King, Oleg of Novgorod; He then came to the hills of Kyiv, and saw how Askold and Dir reigned there. He hid his warriors in the boats, left some others behind, and went forward himself bearing the child Igor'. He thus came to the foot of the Hungarian hill, and after concealing his troops, he sent messengers to Askold and Dir, representing himself as a stranger on his way to Greece on an errand for Oleg and for Igor', the prince's son, and requesting that they should come forth to greet them as members of their race. Askold and Dir straightway came forth. Then all the soldiery jumped out of the boats, and Oleg said to Askold and Dir, "You are not princes nor even of princely stock, but I am of princely birth." Igor' was then brought forward, and Oleg announced that he was the son of Rurik. They killed Askold and Dir, and after carrying them to the hill, they buried them there, on the hill now known as Hungarian, where the castle of Ol'ma now stands.[ Kiev Rus King, 870's, Princes Askold and Dir; Askold; St Methodius, Equal of the Apostles and Archbishop of Moravia, Enlightener of the Slavs, Commemorated on April 6; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at Blachernae, Commemorated on July 2;

Russia, Kiev, 882-1240, Ancient Rus or Russia (Kievan Russia)
Ancient Rus or Russia (Kievan or Ukrainian Russia); Martyr Basil of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Right-believing Great Prince Igor of Kiev and Chernigov, Commemorated on September 19 ; Dedication of the Church of the Greatmartyr George at Kiev, Commemorated on November 26 ; St Stephen the Confessor the Archbishop of Surozha in the Crimea, Commemorated on December 15 ; Martyr Stratonicus of Belgrade, Commemorated January 13 ; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated Janaury 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God "the Seeker of the Lost", Commemorated February 5 ; St Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel) the Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated February 11 ; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14; St Niphon the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 8; Venerable Sava the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24;

Russia, Kiev, 900-999, 10th Century Folder, Treaty of Igor, Vladimir, Baptism of the Rus

Russia, Kiev, 907, Russian incursion into Greece, Oleg the Wise
Russian incursion into Greece in 907 (Rus-“Byzantine War (907)); The very first pages of the Russian Primary Chronicle, as foreordained by God, is bound up with the name of the holy Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica. The Chronicle relates that when Oleg the Wise threatened the Greeks at Constantinople (907), the Greeks became terrified and said, -œThis is not Oleg, but rather St Demetrius sent upon us from God.ÂÂ Russian soldiers always believed that they were under the special protection of the holy Great Martyr Demetrius. Moreover, in the old Russian barracks the Great Martyr Demetrius was always depicted as Russian. Thus this image entered the soul of the Russian nation. Russian Primary Chronicle; Timeline of Russian history; Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrhgusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26; Oleg of Kiev and Novgorod (Little Russia); Little Russia (Ukraine);

Russia, Kiev, 914-945, K Rus King, Igor, Oleg's son, besieged Constntnpl twice, plundered Arabs in Caspian
Kiev Rus King, 914-945, Igor of Kiev; Right-believing Prince Wenceslaus of the Czech Lands, Commemorated on March 4; St Olga the Princess of Russia, in Holy Baptism Called Helen, Commemorated on July 11; Martyr Theodore and his son of Kiev, Commemorated on July 12; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15;

Russia, Kiev, 940s-970s, Kiev Rus Warlord, Sveneld, Pagan
Russia, Kiev, 940s-970s, Kiev Rus Warlord, Sveneld; St Olga the Princess of Russia, in Holy Baptism Called Helen, Commemorated on July 11;

Russia, Kiev, 944, Russia, Treaty of Igor, with Byzantine Empire
Treaty of Igor (of Kiev) with the Greeks in the year 944; Translation of the Image œNot-Made-By-HandsÂÂ of our Lord Jesus Christ from Edessa to Constantinople, the Third œFeast of the Savior in AugustÂÂ, Commemorated on August 16 ; St Olga the Princess of Russia, in Holy Baptism Called Helen, Commemorated on July 11;

Russia, Kiev, 945-963, Kiev Rus King, Olga of Kiev, became Christian
Kiev Rus King, 945-963, Olga of Kiev ; Martyr Theodore and his son of Kiev, Commemorated on July 12; St Olga the Princess of Russia, in Holy Baptism Called Helen, Commemorated on July 11; Martyr Theodore and his son of Kiev, Commemorated on July 12; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15;

Russia, Kiev, 945-972, Kiev Rus King, Sviatoslav I of Kiev, Pagan
Kiev Rus King, 945-972, Sviatoslav I of Kiev; St Olga the Princess of Russia, in Holy Baptism Called Helen, Commemorated on July 11; Martyr Theodore and his son of Kiev, Commemorated on July 12; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21;

Russia, Kiev, 960-976, Kiev Rus King, Basil II, Basil the Bulgar Slayer
Russia, Kiev, 960-976, Kiev Rus King, Basil II, Basil the Bulgar Slayer ; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15;

Russia, Kiev, 962-1028, Kiev Rus King, Constantine VIII, Brother of Basil II
Russia, Kiev, 962-1028, Kiev Rus King, Constantine VIII, Brother of Basil II; Russia, Kiev, 960-976, Kiev Rus King, Basil II, Basil the Bulgar Slayer ; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15;

Russia, Kiev, 968, Seige of Kiev by Pechenegs
Russia, Kiev, 968, Seige of Kiev by Pechenegs; Kiev Rus King, 945-972, Sviatoslav I of Kiev; St Olga the Princess of Russia, in Holy Baptism Called Helen, Commemorated on July 11;

Russia, Kiev, 972-980, Kiev Rus King, Yaropolk I of Kiev, Christian
Russia, Kiev, 972-980, Kiev Rus King, Yaropolk I of Kiev; Russia, Kiev, 968, Seige of Kiev by Pechenegs; Kiev Rus King, 945-972, Sviatoslav I of Kiev; St Olga the Princess of Russia, in Holy Baptism Called Helen, Commemorated on July 11; Martyr Theodore and his son of Kiev, Commemorated on July 12;

Russia, Kiev, 969-977, Oleg of the Drevlyans, Pagan
Russia, Kiev, 969-977, Oleg of the Drevlyans; Martyr Theodore and his son of Kiev, Commemorated on July 12;

Russia, Kiev, 980-1015, Kiev Rus King, Vladimir the Great, Pagan then Great Christian
Kiev Rus King, 980-1015, Vladimir the Great ; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10 ; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Icon of the Mother of God of Minsk, Commemorated on August 13; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Passion-Bearer Gleb, in Holy Baptism David, Commemorated September 5 ; St Procopius, Commemorated on September 16; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated September 30 ; Right-believing Prince Vladimir Yaroslavich the Prince of Novgorod, Commemorated on October 4 ; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 5; Icon of the Mother of God of Korsun, Commemorated on October 9; Icon of the Mother of God Ã¢Â€ÂœJerusalemÃ¢Â€ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on October 12; Hieromartyr Clement the Pope of Rome, Commemorated on November 25; Venerable Elias of Murom the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 19; Venerable Ephraim, Abbot and Wonderworker of Novy Torg, Commemorated on January 28 ; St Joachim, First Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10; Hieromartyr Basil of Cherson, Commemorated on March 7; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 15; St Menas, Bishop of Polotsk, Commemorated on June 20;

Russia, Kiev, 980-1015, Prince Vladimir I The Great of Kiev
Kiev Great Prince, 980-1015, Vladimir I The Great of Kiev; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15;

Russia, Kiev, 980-1015, Kiev Rus Saint, Elias of Murom (Ilya Muromets)
Kiev Rus Saint, 980-1015, Elias of Murom (Ilya Muromets); Venerable Elias of Murom the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 19; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23;

Russia, Kiev, 988-992, Kiev Rus Metropolitan, Michael I of Kiev
Kiev Rus Metropolitan, 988-992, Michael I of Kiev; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 15; St Joachim, First Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; St Niphon the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 8 ;

Russia, Kiev, 988, Baptism of Rus, August 1st, 988
Baptism of Rus, Kiev, August 1st, 988; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; Procession of the Honorable Wood of the Life-Giving Cross of the Lord (First of the three "œFeasts of the Savior" in August), Commemorated on August 1; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 5; St Amphilochius the Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on October 10; Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27; Venerable Elias of Murom the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 19; St Joachim, First Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23;

Russia, Kiev, 989-1030, Kiev Rus Bishop, Joachim the Korsunian
Kiev Rus Bishop, 989-1030, Joachim the Korsunian; Kiev Rus Metropolitan, 988-992, Michael I of Kiev; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 15; St Joachim, First Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23;

Russia, Kiev, 1000-1099, 11th Century Folder, Anthony of Kiev, Boris and Gleb, Yaroslav the Wise

Russia, Kiev, 1000-1077, Abraham or Abramius of Rostov
Russia, Rostov, 1000-1077, Abraham or Abramius of Rostov; Abraham of Rostov, Archimandrite of Rostov, in the world Abercius, was born in tenth century in Chuhloma, which is in Kostroma region near Galich, Russia.[1] Contents 1 Life of the Saint 2 His death and veneration 3 Years of life and activity 4 References 5 Sources 6 External links Life of the Saint[edit] Born Abercius, he was very ill as a child. He converted to Christianity in his youth after being cured from illness through prayer.[2] He decided to become a monk at Valaam and with the new name Abramius (Abraham) settled at Rostov on the shore of Lake Nero.[3] Not far from his hut was a temple where the local tribes worshiped the stone idol of Veles, a source of superstitious fright in the whole neighborhood. His legend recounts a miraculous vision of Saint John the Evangelist, who gave him a staff, crowned with a cross, to destroy the idol. In commemoration of this, at the site of the temple, Abraham erected a monastery in honor of the Theophany. He also built a church dedicated to Saint John the Theologian, and preached the Gospel in his area. Convinced by his preaching, many pagans were baptized.[3] At the petition of the Rostov princes Avraham was ordained to the rank of archimandrite of the monastery of the Theophany.[4] His death and veneration[edit] Abraham Reposed in old age and was buried in the church of the Theophany by his disciples.[5] His relics were found during the time of Grand Prince Vsevolod Georgievich (1176-1212).[6] According to Golubinsky the general church canonization of the Monk Abraham was held already by the time of the Makaryev Sobors of 1547-1549.[7] The divine service devoted to Abraham of Rostov, compiled in the imitation of the like to the Monk Sergius of Radonezh, was first mentioned in the manuscript collection of the 15th century.[8] In 1551 Ivan the Terrible, during his military campaign against Khanate of Kazan, made a pilgrimage to the Abraham Monastery before the battles. He took the staff of the saint and upon successful defeat of Kazan khans he returned it back and ordered construction of the stone Cathedral of the Theophany in 1553- 1555.[9][6] His feast days are: October 29 (November 11) (new style) - finding relics - in the Synaxis of the Kostroma saints, May 23 - in the Synaxis of Rostov-Yaroslavski Saints and in the Synaxis of the Karelian Saints - May 21 (dates are given according to the Julian calendar).[8] Years of life and activity[edit] The legend of the saint indicates 1010 as the date of his death, but most historians recognize this date to be wrong.[1] Nikolay Karamzin indicated, that Abraham was acting in Rostov during or after Andrey Bogolyubsky (c. 1111 – 1174). The activity of Abraham in Rostov dates from 1073–1077 years according to Vasily Klyuchevsky; Macarius Bulgakov refers it to (?)-1045 years, Andrei Titov - the end of the XI - the beginning of the XII century, Filaret (Gumilevsky) - the beginning of the XII century.[10] Evgeny Golubinsky was skeptical about the very fact of the existence of Abraham, apparently considering him a single person with Abraham Galitzki and referring his activity to the last quarter of the fourteenth century (according to the legend, the latter lived the same years as Yury Dmitrievich, born in 1374). Arseny Kadlubovsky does not consider Abraham to be the founder of the Theophany Monastery, and also relates his life to the fourteenth century. [10][1] Venerable Abramius, Archimandrite of Rostov, Commemorated on October 29 Venerable Irenarchus the Recluse of Rostov, Commemorated January 13 ; Venerable Cornelius the Abbot of Komel, Vologda, Commemorated on May 19;

Russia, Kiev, 1003-1073, Rus Saint, Anthony of Kiev, founder of monasticism in Rus, and Dormition Cathedral
Kiev Rus Saint, 1003-1073, Anthony of Kiev; of Kiev also called Anthony of the Caves (c. 983-1073) was a monk and the founder of the monastic tradition in Kievan Rus'. Together with Theodosius of Kiev, he co-founded the Kiev Pechersk Lavra (Kiev Monastery of the Caves). 1 Early life 2 Return to Kiev 3 Establishment of Kyiv Pechersk Lavra 4 Exile and return 5 Veneration 6 See also 7 References 8 External links life[edit] sculpture in Lyubech by Giennadij Jerszow was born in Lyubech (present-day Liubech, Ukraine) in Chernigov Principality and was baptized with the name "Antipas". was drawn to the spiritual life from an early age and left for the Greek Orthodox Esphigmenou Monastery on Mount Athos to live as a hermit. He lived in a secluded cave there overlooking the sea, which is still shown to visitors. circa 1011, the abbot gave Anthony the job of expanding monasticism in his native Kiev (present-day Kyiv, Ukraine), which had only recently begun its conversion to Christianity. to Kiev[edit] returned to Kiev, and founded several monasteries on the Greek model on the order of local princes. These monasteries were not as austere as Anthony was used to from his time on Mount Athos. He instead chose to live in a small four-yard cave which had been dug by the presbyter Hilarion. 1015, his peaceful austerity was interrupted by the death of Vladimir I of Kiev, and the subsequent fratricidal war for the throne between Vladimir's sons Yaroslav and Sviatopolk, and Anthony returned to Mount Athos. When the conflict ended, the abbot sent Anthony back to Kiev, prophesying that many monks would join him on his return. of Kyiv Pechersk Lavra[edit] his return, Anthony found a small 4-yard cave which Hilarion of Kiev had dug before his elevation as the first native Metropolitan of Kyiv. Anthony became well known in the area for his strict asceticism. He ate rye bread every other day and drank only a little water. His fame soon spread beyond Kiev, and several people began to ask for his spiritual guidance or blessing. Soon, some people even offered to join him. Eventually, Anthony accepted the company of a few of them. The first was a priest named Nikon. The second was Theodosius of Kiev. new monastery enjoyed royal favor almost from the beginning, although there were occasional problems. When Iziaslav I of Kiev demanded that the son of a wealthy boyar and one of his own retainers be told to leave the monastery, Nikon said he could not take soldiers away from the King of Heaven. This did nothing to placate Iziaslav's anger, and Anthony decided that it might be expedient for him to leave. Anthony returned after Iziaslav's wife requested his return. thereafter Anthony had gained twelve disciples. Anthony, devoted to the model of the solitary hermit set by his namesake Anthony the Great, left his cave for a nearby mountain so he could continue to live the solitary life. There he dug another cave for himself and lived in seclusion there. This cave became the first of what would later be known as the Far Caves. time, the first official abbot of the monastery, Barlaam of Kiev, was called by Iziaslav to head a new monastery, St. Demetrios, which had been built at the gates of the city. The monks requested Anthony to name the replacement, and he named Theodosius. the number of monks grew and crowding became a problem, Anthony requested that Iziaslav give them the hill in which the caves were located. He did so, and the monks built a wooden church and some cells there, encircling the area with a wooden fence. Theodosius continued to consult Anthony in the guidance of the community and, as the monastery grew, so did Anthony's reputation. and return[edit] Iziaslav and his brothers were facing a popular uprising involving the Cumans, they came to Anthony for his blessing. did not get it. Anthony foretold that because of their sins they would be defeated, and that the brothers would be buried in a church they would build. Shortly thereafter Iziaslav left because of the rebellion. He suspected Anthony of sympathizing with the opposition and arranged to banish Anthony upon his return. he could do so, Iziaslav's brother, Sviatoslav, arranged for Anthony to be secretly taken to Chernigov. Anthony dug himself a cave there. Eletsky Monastery there is said by some to be built on the site of Anthony's cave. Eventually Iziaslav was again reconciled to Anthony and asked that he return to Kiev. his return, Anthony and Theodosius decided to build a larger stone church to accommodate the ever-increasing number of monks. Anthony himself did not live to see the church completed. He died in 1073, shortly after blessing the foundation of the new church, at 90 years old. Shortly before his death he called the monks together and consoled them about his coming death. He also asked them that his remains be hidden away forever. The monks carried out his request. He was reportedly buried in his cave, but no relics have ever been found. Many however have subsequently come to the cave to pray and many of them have reported being healed there. Anthony is venerated as a saint and the founder of monasticism in Kievan Rus'. His feast day falls on July 10. Since the Russian Orthodox Church as well as Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow_Patriarchate) follow the Julian Calendar, the day on which his feast is celebrated is currently July 23 on the modern Gregorian Calendar. Saint Anthony is also venerated by Greek Catholics and is listed in the Martyrologium Romanum of the Roman Catholic Church with a feast day of May 7. relics have never been found. Kiev Rus Saint, 1024-1091, Theodosis of Kiev; Baptism of Rus, Kiev, August 1st, 988; Icon of the Mother of God of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 17; œChernigov-Gethsemane Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on September 1; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated September 2 ; Venerable Hilarion the Schemamonk of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 21; Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14 ; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Theodosius the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves Monastery, and Founder of Coenobitic Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on May 3;

Russia, Kiev, 1015-1019, Kiev Rus Saints, Boris and Gleb
Kiev Rus Saint, 1015-1019, Boris; Passion-Bearer Gleb, in Holy Baptism David, Commemorated September 5 ; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 5; Icon of the Mother of God of Elets, Commemorated on January 11; Venerable Ephraim, Abbot and Wonderworker of Novy Torg, Commemorated on January 28 ; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2;

Russia, Kiev, 1015-1019, Kiev Rus Princes, Boris and Gleb, killed by Svyatopolk
Russia, Kiev, 1015-1019, Kiev Rus Princes, Boris and Gleb; Martyr and Passion-Bearer Gleb, in Holy Baptism David, Commemorated on July 24; Martyr and Passion-Bearer Gleb, in Holy Baptism David, Commemorated on July 24; Passion-Bearer Gleb, in Holy Baptism David, Commemorated September 5 ; Right-believing Prince Vladimir Yaroslavich the Prince of Novgorod, Commemorated on October 4 ; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 5; St Amphilochius the Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on October 10; Venerable Ephraim, Abbot and Wonderworker of Novy Torg, Commemorated on January 28 ; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23;

Russia, Kiev, 1015-1019, K Rus King, Svyatopolk, Accursd, Killed 3 of 4 brothers, d by Y, fled to Poland
Kiev Rus King, 1015-1019, Svyatopolk the Accursed; I Vladimirovich (Sviatopolk the Accursed, the Accursed Prince; c. 980 – 1019) was the Kniaz' (Turov) of Turov (988–1015) and Velykyi Kniaz or Grand Prince of Kiev (Kyiv, 1015–1019) whose paternity and guilt in the murder of brothers are disputed. 1 Early life 2 Biography according to domestic sources 3 Biography according to foreign sources 4 Archeological record 5 See also 6 References life[edit] coin of Sviatopolk I, Grand Prince of Kiev Sviatopolk's silver srebrenik of Vladimir the Great, Grand Prince of Kiev of Vladimir the Great from a 17th-century Menaion mother was a Greek nun captured by Sviatoslav I in Bulgaria and married to his lawful heir Yaropolk I, who became Prince of Rus in 972. In 980, Yaropolk's brother Vladimir had him murdered, and the new sovereign married his predecessor's wife, who gave birth to a child. Thus, Sviatopolk may have been the eldest of Vladimir's sons, although his parentage has been questioned. Sviatopolk was eight years old, Vladimir put him in charge of Turov and later arranged his marriage with the daughter of the Polish duke Bolesław I Chrobry of Poland. The young princess came to Turov together with Reinbern, the Bishop of Kolberg (now Kołobrzeg). Dissatisfied with Vladimir and encouraged by his own wife and Reinbern, Sviatopolk began preparations for war against Vladimir, probably counting on support from his father-in-law. Vladimir soon discovered Sviatopolk's intentions, however, and threw him, his wife and Reinbern in prison. Reinbern died in prison. according to domestic sources[edit] (in red) with Boleslaw the Brave at the Golden Gate in Kiev long before Vladimir's death, Sviatopolk was freed from prison and sent to govern the town of Vyshgorod several miles from Kiev. In 1015, Sviatopolk's retinue concealed Vladimir's death from him to prevent him from claiming the Kievan throne. When Sviatopolk learned of Vladimir's demise, he seized power in Kiev almost immediately. citizens of Kiev did not show much sympathy for Sviatopolk and, therefore, he decided to distribute presents in order to win them over. Then, he decided to rid himself of three of Vladimir's sons, Boris, Gleb, and Sviatoslav, whose claims for the Kievan throne threatened his power. Boris presented most danger to him because he had been in charge of Vladimir's druzhina (personal guards) and army, and enjoyed the support of the citizens. He sent the boyars of Vyshgorod to execute Boris. Boris and his manservant were stabbed to death when sleeping in a tent. The prince was discovered still breathing when his body was being transported in a bag to Kiev, but the Varangians put him out of his misery with the thrust of a lance. cold-blooded reprisal earned him the nickname of the Accursed. The news of this triple murder reached another son of Vladimir, Yaroslav, Prince of Novgorod, who decided to go to war against Sviatopolk with the support from the citizens of Novgorod and the Varangians. The battle took place in 1016 not far from Lubech, near Dnieper river. Sviatopolk was defeated and fled to Poland. of Yaroslav the Wise 1018, he returned to Rus', defeated Yaroslav with the help from his father-in-law and seized Kiev. Bolesław I Chrobry of Poland and his army remained in Rus' for several months, but later left for Poland. On his way to Poland, Bolesław seized some of the Cherven towns. the posadnik Konstantin Dobrynich and other citizens of Novgorod persuaded Yaroslav to go to war against Kiev once again. Sviatopolk was defeated and fled to the steppes. Soon he returned with the Pecheneg army and attacked Yaroslav on the Alta River, but was once again defeated and fled to Poland, eventually dying on his way there. Sviatopolk's death could have been procured by a descendant of Valuk Conqueror (Wallux dux Winedorum)[1] who in 1018 helped him and his father-in-law Bolesław I in expedition against Yaroslav. according to foreign sources[edit] (IX—XI century) gold crown.svg Igor (co-ruler: Simple gold crown.svg Oleg) gold crown.svg Sviatoslav (co-ruler: Simple gold crown.svg St. Olga) gold crown.svg Yaropolk gold crown.svg Sviatopolk the Accursed of Drelinia gold crown.svg St. Vladimir of Novgorod [ru] of Polotsk (Polotsk branch) gold crown.svg Yaroslav the Wise Vladimirovich [ru] the Brave Mstislavich [ru] of Drelinia [ru] Boris Gleb Vladimirovich [ru] [ru] of Pskov gold crown.svg — Grand Prince of Kiev of Sviatopolk" by Jan Matejko, 1892 the last century, the traditional account of Svyatopolk's career has been somewhat modified. It has been argued that it was Boris who succeeded Vladimir in Kiev, while Svyatopolk was still in prison. One Norse saga called Eymund's saga (a part of Yngvars saga víðförla), with remarkable details, puts on Yaroslav the blame of his brother Burizlaf's murder. This Burizlaf, however, may be Svyatopolk (whose troops were commanded by the Polish king Bolesław I Chrobry of Poland; the latter name is also rendered as Burizlaf in some sagas) as well as Boris. Therefore, it has been suggested that Svyatopolk ascended the throne after Boris's assassination and tried to fend off Yaroslav's attacks as well as to punish his agents guilty of Boris's murder. chronicle of Thietmar of Merseburg, who died in 1018, could have been regarded as the only contemporary and unbiased account of events, if it were not for the fact that Thietmar's data could have been supplied by Svyatopolk himself during his brief exile at the Polish court. Unfortunately it can be interpreted ambiguously as far as the question of Svyatopolk's guilt is concerned. One place in his chronicle can be understood (although this is not necessary) as telling that Svyatopolk escaped from Kiev to Poland immediately after his father's death. But Thietmar states that Boleslaus I of Poland firstly supported his son-in-law against Yaroslav in 1017, which is the date, according to the Russian Primary Chronicle, of Svyatopolk's first defeat by Yaroslav. Preparing a campaign against Kiev, Boleslaus abruptly stopped a successful war against the German Emperor Henry II. So, it is unlikely that Svyatopolk had been present at his court since 1015, which is often supposed by the historians that consider Yaroslav guilty of Boris and Gleb's murders. Passion-Bearer Gleb, in Holy Baptism David, Commemorated September 5 ; Right-believing Prince Vladimir Yaroslavich the Prince of Novgorod, Commemorated on October 4 ; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 5; St Amphilochius the Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on October 10; Venerable Ephraim, Abbot and Wonderworker of Novy Torg, Commemorated on January 28 ; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23;

Russia, Kiev, 1018, Boleslaw I the Brave of Poland, Captured Kiev, installed Svyatopolk 1 as ruler
Poland, 992-1025, Boleslaw I the Brave; Venerable Moses the Hungarian of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on July 26;

Russia, Kiev, 1019-1054, K Rus King, Yaroslav the Wise, d Svyatopolk 1, then ruled both Novgorod and Kiev
Kiev Rus King, 1019-1054, Yaroslav the Wise ; I, Grand Prince of Rus', known as Yaroslav the Wise or Iaroslav the Wise (c. 978 – 20 February 1054) was thrice grand prince of Veliky Novgorod and Kiev, uniting the two principalities for a time under his rule. Yaroslav's baptismal name was George (Yuri) after Saint George. son of Vladimir the Great, the first Christian Prince of Kiev, Yaroslav acted as vice-regent of Novgorod at the time of his father's death in 1015. his eldest surviving brother, Sviatopolk I of Kiev, killed three of his other brothers and seized power in Kiev. Yaroslav, with the active support of the Novgorodians and the help of Varangian mercenaries,[2] defeated Svyatopolk and became the Grand Prince of Kiev in 1019. Yaroslav the codification of legal customs and princely enactments began, and this work served as the basis for a law code called the Russkaya Pravda ("Rus Truth [Law]"). During Yaroslav's lengthy reign, Kievan Rus' reached the zenith of its cultural flowering and military power.[2] 1 Rise to the throne 2 Reign 2.1 Power struggles between siblings 2.2 Allies along the Baltic coast 2.3 Campaign against Byzantium 2.4 Protecting the inhabitants of the Dnieper from the Pechenegs 2.5 Establishment of law 3 Family life and posterity 4 Grave 5 Legacy 6 See also 7 References 7.1 Bibliography 8 External links to the throne[edit] article: Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis of Yaroslav the Wise from Granovitaya Palata. early years of Yaroslav's life are mostly unknown. He was one of the numerous sons of Vladimir the Great, presumably his second by Rogneda of Polotsk,[3] although his actual age (as stated in the Primary Chronicle and corroborated by the examination of his skeleton in the 1930s) would place him among the youngest children of Vladimir. has been suggested that he was a child begotten out of wedlock after Vladimir's divorce from Rogneda and marriage to Anna Porphyrogenita, or even that he was a child of Anna Porphyrogenita herself. figures prominently in the Norse sagas under the name Jarisleif the Lame; his legendary lameness (probably resulting from an arrow wound) was corroborated by the scientists who examined his remains.[citation needed] his youth, Yaroslav was sent by his father to rule the northern lands around Rostov but was transferred to Veliky Novgorod,[4] as befitted a senior heir to the throne, in 1010. living there, he founded the town of Yaroslavl (literally, "Yaroslav's") on the Volga River. relations with his father were apparently strained,[4] and grew only worse on the news that Vladimir bequeathed the Kyivan throne to his younger son, Boris. 1014 Yaroslav refused to pay tribute to Kyiv and only Vladimir's death, in July 1015, prevented a war.[4] the next four years Yaroslav waged a complicated and bloody war for Kyiv against his half-brother Sviatopolk I of Kyiv, was supported by his father-in-law, Duke Bolesław I Chrobry (King of Poland from 1025).[5] the course of this struggle, several other brothers (Boris, Gleb, and Svyatoslav) were brutally murdered.[5][6] Primary Chronicle accused Svyatopolk of planning those murders,[5] while the saga Eymundar þáttr hrings is often interpreted as recounting the story of Boris' assassination by the Varangians in the service of Yaroslav. the victim's name is given there as Burizaf, which is also a name of Boleslaus I in the Scandinavian sources. is thus possible that the Saga tells the story of Yaroslav's struggle against Svyatopolk (whose troops were commanded by the Polish duke), and not against Boris.[citation needed] of Yaroslav and his descendants represent the trident. defeated Svyatopolk in their first battle, in 1016, and Svyatopolk fled to Poland.[5] ----------------------------------But Svyatopolk returned in 1018 with Polish troops furnished by his father-in-law, seized Kyiv[5] and pushed Yaroslav back into Novgorod. at last, prevailed over Svyatopolk, and in 1019 firmly established his rule over Kyiv.[7] of his first actions as a grand prince was to confer on the loyal Novgorodians (who had helped him to gain the Kyivan throne), numerous freedoms, and privileges. the foundation of the Novgorod Republic was laid. For their part, the Novgorodians respected Yaroslav more than they did other Kyivan princes; and the princely residence in their city, next to the marketplace (and where the veche often convened) was named Yaroslav's Court after him. probably was during this period that Yaroslav promulgated the first code of laws in the lands of the East Slavs, the Russkaya Pravda. struggles between siblings[edit] aside the legitimacy of Yaroslav's claims to the Kievan throne and his postulated guilt in the murder of his brothers, Nestor the Chronicler and later Russian historians often presented him as a model of virtue, styling him "the Wise". A less appealing side of his personality is revealed by his having imprisoned his youngest brother Sudislav for life. Yet another brother, Mstislav of Chernigov, whose distant realm bordered the North Caucasus and the Black Sea, hastened to Kiev and, despite reinforcements led by Yaroslav's brother-in-law King Anund Jacob of Sweden (as Jakun - "blind and dressed in a gold suit"),[8] inflicted a heavy defeat on Yaroslav in 1024. Yaroslav and Mstislav then divided Kievan Rus' between them: the area stretching left from the Dnieper River, with the capital at Chernihiv, was ceded to Mstislav until his death in 1036. along the Baltic coast[edit] his foreign policy, Yaroslav relied on a Scandinavian alliance and attempted to weaken the Byzantine influence on Kiev. In 1030, he conquered Cherven Cities from the Poles followed by the construction of Sutiejsk to guard the newly acquired lands. Yaroslav concluded an alliance with Polish King Casimir I the Restorer, sealed by the latter's marriage to Yaroslav's sister, Maria. In another successful military raid the same year, he captured Tartu, Estonia and renamed it Yuryev[9] (named after Yury, Yaroslav's patron saint) and forced the surrounding Ugandi County to pay annual tribute. According to Heimskringla Olaf the swede made an alliance with Yaroslav even thou the alliance was not liked in Sweden to conquer Norway. to the Icelandic Sagas king, Olof of Sweden married his daughter to Yaroslav instead of the Norwegian king. That lead to protests in Sweden because the swedes wanted to reestablish control over lost eastern territories and bring in tribute from Kievan Rus. Olof Skötkonung did not listeen to his people and allied Yaroslav the Wise and both became close allies. Instead declaring war against Olaf Tryggvason.[10] the Far-Travelled Anund Jakobs jarl later under Yaroslav's reign sent Swedish soldiers into Kievan Rus due to Olof son wanting to assist his fathers ally Yaroslav in his conquest against the Pechenegs and Byzantines.[11] The georgians annals report 1000 men coming into Georgia but original force was likely much larger around 3000 men. [12] faith is unknown likely captured in battle during Byzantine campaigns or killed. Only one ship returned to Sweden according to the legend.[13] against Byzantium[edit] article: Rus'–Byzantine War (1043) presented his second direct challenge to Constantinople in 1043, when Rus' flotilla headed by one of his sons appeared near Constantinople and demanded money, threatening to attack the city otherwise. Whatever the reason, the Greeks refused to pay and preferred to fight. The Rus' flotilla defeated the Byzantine fleet but was almost destroyed by a storm and came back to Kyiv empty-handed.[14] the inhabitants of the Dnieper from the Pechenegs[edit] defend his state from the Pechenegs and other nomadic tribes threatening it from the south he constructed a line of forts, composed of Yuriev, Bohuslav, Kaniv, Korsun, and Pereyaslavl. To celebrate his decisive victory over the Pechenegs in 1036 (who thereafter were never a threat to Kiev) he sponsored the construction of the Saint Sophia Cathedral in 1037. That same year there were built monasteries of Saint George and Saint Irene (named after patron saints of Yaroslav and his wife). Some mentioned and other celebrated monuments of his reign such as the Golden Gate of Kiev perished during the Mongol invasion of Rus', but later restored. of law[edit] was a notable patron of book culture and learning. In 1051, he had a Slavic monk, Hilarion of Kiev, proclaimed the metropolitan bishop of Kiev, thus challenging the Byzantine tradition of placing Greeks on the episcopal sees. Hilarion's discourse on Yaroslav and his father Vladimir is frequently cited as the first work of Old East Slavic literature. Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10; Venerable Arcadius of Novotorsk, Commemorated on July 11; Venerable Moses the Hungarian of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated July 26 ; Appearance of the Smolensk "œDirectress" Icon of the Mother of God brought from Constantinople, Commemorated on July 28; Right-believing Prince Vladimir Yaroslavich the Prince of Novgorod, Commemorated on October 4 ; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 5 ; St Amphilochius the Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on October 10; Venerable Nicholas Sviatosha Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 14; St Hilarion, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on October 21; Venerable Hilarion the Schemamonk of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 21; Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated on November 22; Dedication of the Church of the Greatmartyr George at Kiev, Commemorated on November 26; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; Venerable Ephraim, Abbot and Wonderworker of Novy Torg, Commemorated on January 28 ; Princess Anna of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10 ; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Greatmartyr, Victory-bearer and Wonderworker George, Commemorated on April 23; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2 ; Venerable Theodosius the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves Monastery, and Founder of Coenobitic Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on May 3; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21; St Menas, Bishop of Polotsk, Commemorated on June 20;

Russia, Kiev, 1019-1050, Kiev Rus Queen, Princess Anna, Ingegerd Olofsdotter of Sweden, two Cathedrals
Kiev Rus Queen, 1019-1050, Princess Anna, Ingegerd Olofsdotter of Sweden ; Olofsdotter of Sweden, also known as Irene, Anna and Saint Anna (1001 – 10 February 1050), was a Swedish princess and a Grand Princess of Kiev. was the daughter of Swedish King Olof Skotkonung and Estrid of the Obotrites and the consort of Yaroslav I the Wise of Ingegerd or Saint Anna is often confused with the mother of Saint Vladimir “the Enlightener” of the Rus. This is mainly because Ingegerd and Yaroslav also had a son named Vladimir. However, Saint Vladimir was the father of Ingegerd’s husband Yaroslav I “the Wise”, thus making her Saint Vladimir’s daughter-in-law. Saint Vladimir was the son of Sviatoslav and Malusha.[1] 1 Life 1.1 Death and burial 2 Sainthood 3 Children 4 References 5 Bibliography 6 External links Sophia Cathedral in Kiev Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod was born a princess in the court of King Olof Skötkonung. In 1015, after Olaf II of Norway assumed the throne as King of Norway, he proposed a royal marriage alliance. In 1016, noblemen of both countries tried to arrange a marriage between King Olaf and Princess Ingegerd. Olof Skötkonung agreed at first but later he reneged. Rather he agreed to the marriage of his daughter, Astrid Olavsdatter to King Olaf. [2][3][4] Skötkonung subsequently arranged for the marriage of Princess Ingegerd to the powerful Grand Prince Yaroslav I the Wise of Novgorod with whom Sweden had a flourishing trade relationship. The marriage took place in 1019. [5] in Kiev, Ingegerd had her name changed to the Greek Irene. According to several sagas, she received as a marriage gift Ladoga and adjacent lands, which later became known as Ingria, arguably a corruption of Ingegerd's name. She arranged for her father's cousin, jarl Ragnvald Ulfsson, to rule in her stead.[6] [7] Ingegerd and Yaroslav had six sons and four daughters; three of the latter becoming Queens of France, Hungary, and Norway. The whole family is depicted in one of the frescoes of the Saint Sophia. and burial[edit] died on 10 February 1050. Upon her death, according to different sources, Ingegerd was buried in either Saint Sophia's Cathedral in Kiev or Cathedral of St. Sophia in Novgorod. initiated the building of the Saint Sophia's Cathedral in Kiev (foundation laid in 1037). also initiated the construction of Cathedral of St. Sophia in Novgorod (built between 1045 and 1050). was later declared a saint under the name of St. Anna in Novgorod and Kiev. The reason for her sainthood was that she initiated the building of both cathedrals in Kiev and in Novgorod together with many other good deeds. following was stated by the church in reference to her sainthood: Anna, Grand Duchess of Novgorod, She was the daughter of Swedish King Olaf Sketktung, the "All-Christian King," who did much to spread Orthodoxy in Scandinavia, and the pious Queen Astrida. Sweden she was known as Princess Indegard; she married Yaroslav I “the Wise“, Grand Prince of Kiev, who was the founder of the Saint Sophia Cathedral in 1016, taking the name Irene. gave shelter to the outcast sons of British King Edmund, Edwin and Edward, as well as the Norwegian prince Magnus, who later returned to Norway. is perhaps best known as the mother of Vsevolod of , himself the father of Vladimir Monomakh and progenitor of the Princes of Moscow. daughters were Anna, Queen of France, Queen Anastasia of Hungary, and Queen Elizabeth (Elisiv) of Norway. The whole family was profoundly devout and pious. reposed in 1050 in the Cathedral of Holy Wisdom (St. Sophia) in Kiev, having been tonsured a monastic with the name of Anna. As saint, her hymn goes: 4 stichera, in Tone I: Spec. Mel.: Joy of the ranks of heaven joy of the Swedish people, thou didst gladden the Russian realm, filling it with grace and purity, adorning its throne with majesty, lustrous in piety like a priceless gem set in a splendid royal crown. Ingegerd in the baptismal waters, O venerable one, thou wast called Irene by thy Russian subjects, who perceived in thee the divine and ineffable peace; but when thou didst submit to monastic obedience, thou didst take the new name, Anna, after the honoured ancestor of Christ, the King of kings. in honourable matrimony, O holy Anna, thou didst live in concord with thy royal spouse, the right-believing and most wise Prince Yaroslav; and having born him holy offspring, after his repose thou didst betroth thyself unto the Lord as thy heavenly all the allurements of vanity and donning the coarse robes of a monastic, O wondrous and sacred Anna, thou gavest thyself over to fasting and prayer, ever entreating Christ thy Master, that He deliver thy people from the all want and misfortune. Feast days: 10 February, 4 October. Princess Anna of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10 ; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23;

Russia, Kiev, 1024-1091, K Rus Saint, Theodosis, of the Kiev Caves, Cenobitic Monasticism
Kiev Rus Saint, 1024-1091, Theodosis of Kiev; Baptism of Rus, Kiev, August 1st, 988; Icon of the Mother of God of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 17; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated September 2 ; Venerable Hilarion the Schemamonk of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 21; Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14 ; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27;

Russia, Kiev, 1040-1077, K Rus King, Sviatoslav II, Yaroslav's son, Monk, Kiev, Volhy, Cherg, Triumvirate
Kiev Rus King, 1040-1077, Sviatoslav II of Kiev, St Nicholas Sviatoslav ; II Iaroslavich or Sviatoslav II Yaroslavich (1027 – 27 December 1076[1] in Kiev [Kyiv]) was Grand Prince of Kiev between 1073 and 1076. He was born as a younger son of Grand Prince Yaroslav the Wise. His baptismal name was Nicholas. ruled the Principality of Vladimir in Volhynia in his father's lifetime (from around 1040 to 1054). the Wise, who divided the Kievan Rus' between his five sons in his testament, willed the Principality of Chernigov to Sviatoslav. joined his brothers, Iziaslav of Kiev and Vsevolod of Pereyaslav, in forming a princely "triumvirate" that oversaw the affairs of Kievan Rus' until 1072. three brothers together fought against their enemies, including the nomadic Oghuz Turks, and their distant relative, Prince Vseslav of Polotsk. Cumans defeated their united force in the autumn of 1068, but Sviatoslav routed a Cuman band plundering his principality. "triumvirate" broke up, when Sviatoslav, supported by his younger brother Vsevolod, dethroned and replaced their older brother Iziaslav in 1073. commissioned the compilation of at least two miscellanies of theological works. Otherwise, his short reign was uneventful. 1 Early life 2 Triumvirate 3 Grand Prince of Kiev 4 Family 5 See also 6 References 7 Sources 7.1 Primary sources 7.2 Secondary sources 8 Further reading life[edit] was the fourth son of Yaroslav the Wise, Grand Prince of Kiev, and his wife, Ingegerd of Sweden.[2] He was born in 1027.[2] The Lyubetskiy sinodik—a list of the princes of Chernigov which was completed in the Monastery of Saint Anthony in Lyubech—writes that his baptismal name was Nicholas.[3] Russian Primary Chronicle writes that Sviatoslav was staying "at Vladimir"[4] (Volodymyr-Volynskyi, Ukraine) in Volhynia around the time his father fell seriously ill before his death.[5] to the historian Martin Dimnik, the chronicle's report shows that Yaroslav the Wise had, most probably in about 1040, appointed Sviatoslav to rule this important town of the Kievan Rus'.[6] his deathbed, Yaroslav the Wise divided the most important towns of his realm among his five sons—Iziaslav, Sviatoslav, Vsevolod, Igor, and Vyacheslav—who survived him.[7][8] Sviatoslav, he bequeathed Chernigov (Chernihiv, Ukraine).[9] dying grand prince also ordered that his four younger sons should "heed"[10] their eldest brother, Iziaslav who received Kiev.[8] of the Kievan Rus' in the Kievan Rus' (1054–1132) the Wise died on 20 February 1054.[11] three elder sons—Iziaslav of Kiev, Sviatoslav of Chernigov, and Vsevolod of Pereyaslav—decided to jointly govern the Kievan Rus'.[12] Martin Dimnik writes that taking into account Sviatoslav's political and military skills it "is reasonable to assume that he was one of the main motivating forces, if not the actual architect, of many of the policies adopted" by the three brothers.[13] "triumviri" closely cooperated in the following years.[12] 1059 they liberated their uncle, Sudislav whom their father had sent to prison around 1035.[14][15] made a joint expedition "by horse and ship against the Torks"[16] or Oghuz Turks, according to the Russian Primary Chronicle, in 1060.[17] On hearing of the arrival of the Rus' forces, the Torks fled from their lands without resistance.[18] 1065, Sviatoslav led his troops against his nephew, Rostislav Vladimirovich, who had in the previous year expelled by force Sviatoslav's son, Gleb from Tmutorakan.[19] Upon Sviatoslav's arrival, Rostislav withdrew from this important center of his uncle's domains, but he reoccupied it after Sviatoslav had returned to Chernigov.[20] A distant cousin of the "triumviri", Vseslav Briacheslavich (Prince of Polotsk), attacked Pskov in 1065, according to The Chronicle of Pskov.[21][22] Vseslav Briacheslavich could not take this town, but he seized and plundered Novgorod—which had been ruled by Iziaslav of Kiev's son, Mstislav—in the next winter.[21][23] Izyaslav, Sviatoslav and Vsevolod soon united their forces and set forth against Vseslav, "though it was the dead of winter",[24] according to the Russian Primary Chronicle.[25] They routed Vseslav's army by the Nemiga River (near Minsk) on 3 March 1066.[25] Vseslav, who fled from the battlefield, agreed to enter into negotiations with the "triumviri", but they treacherously captured him at a meeting at Orsha in early June.[22][25] Cumans, who had emerged as the dominant power of the Pontic steppes in the early 1060s, invaded the southern regions of Kievan Rus' in 1068.[26] The three brothers together marched against the invaders, but the Cumans routed them on the Alta River.[27] From the battlefield, Sviatoslav withdrew to Chernigov and regrouped his troops.[27] He returned to defeat the Cumans with a smaller force at the town of Snovsk on 1 November, thus enhancing his prestige among the populace.[27] In the meantime, the townspeople of Kiev had dethroned and expelled Sviatoslav's brother, Iziaslav.[28] Taking advantage of Iziaslav's absence, Sviatopluk sent his own son, Gleb to Novgorod to rule the town.[29][30] returned at the head of Polish reinforcements.[31] The townspeople of Kiev sent messages to Sviatoslav and Vsevolod, imploring them to come to their "father's city"[32] and defend it, according to the Russian Primary Chronicle.[33] Sviatoslav and Vsevolod requested Iziaslav "not to lead the Poles in attack upon Kiev", stating that "if he intended to nurse his wrath and destroy the city, they would be properly concerned for the ancestral capital".[33][34][31] Iziaslav partially acquiesced: he did not let his Polish allies enter the town, but his retinue slaughtered or mutilated many of his opponents in Kiev.[35] He also attempted to punish Anthony—the founder of the Monastery of the Caves in Kiev—who had supported his enemies, but Sviatoslav gave shelter to the saintly monk in Chernigov.[36] Iziaslav's return to Kiev, the "triumvirate" was restored.[28] The three brothers together visited Vyshhorod in order to participate in the translation of the relics of their saintly uncles, Boris and Gleb on 3 May 1072.[37] According to The Narrative, Passion, and Encomium of Boris and Gleb, Sviatoslav took Saint Gleb's hand and "pressed it to his injury, for he had pain in his neck, and to his eyes, and to his forehead"[38] before placing it back into the coffin.[39] In short Sviatoslav felt a pain at the top of his head and his servant found a fingernail of the saint under his cap.[39] Most historians agree that the three brothers expanded their father's legal code on this occasion, but the exact date is unknown.[40] [41] Prince of Kiev[edit] Izbornik of 1076 page from Sviatoslav's Izbornik of 1073 to the Russian Primary Chronicle, "the devil stirred up strife"[42] among the three brothers shortly after the canonization of Saints Boris and Gleb.[43][44] Sviatoslav and Vsevolod united their forces and expelled Iziaslav from Kiev on 22 March 1073.[43] The chronicler put the blame for this action on Sviatoslav, stating that "he was the instigator of his brother's expulsion, for he desired more power".[42][44] The chronicler also states that Sviatoslav had "misled Vsevolod by asserting that" Iziaslav "was entering into an alliance"[42] with Vseslav Briacheslavich against them.[44] Modern historians disagree about the motives of Sviatoslav's action. Franklin and Shepard write that he was driven by "straightforward greed";[45] Martin says that Sviatoslav who seems to have suffered from a grave illness wanted to secure his sons' right to Kiev which would have been lost if Sviatoslav "had predeceased Iziaslav without having ruled"[46] the town. In fact, the Russian Primary Chronicle states that it was Sviatoslav who "ruled in Kiev after the expulsion"[42] of Iziaslav.[47] the head of the Monastery of the Caves, Feodosy criticized Sviatoslav for usurping the throne.[43][48] However, before his death in May 1074 he was reconciled with the grand prince, who supported the foundation of a stone church dedicated to the Mother of God in Kiev.[45][49] Sviatoslav also supported the compilation of ecclesiastic works. Two izborniki or miscellanies—collections of excerpts from the Bible and from theological works—were completed under his auspices in 1073 and 1076.[50] According to the Izbornik of 1073, Sviatoslav, who is praised as a "new Ptolemy", had by that time collected a great number of spiritual books.[51] rule was short and uneventful.[52] His dethroned brother first fled to Poland, but Duke Boleslav II, who was Sviatoslav's son-in-law, expelled him from his lands.[28][53] Next Iziaslav sought the assistance of the German monarch, Henry IV.[43] The latter, in 1075, sent his envoys—including Sviatoslav's brother-in-law, Burchard—to Kiev to collect more information.[54] According to the Russian Primary Chronicle, "in his pride", Sviatoslav "showed them his riches", displaying them "the innumerable quantity of his gold, silver and silks".[55][56] In 1076 Sviatoslav sent reinforcements to Poland to help his son-in-law against the Bohemians.[57] died on 27 December 1076.[1] The Russian Primary Chronicle writes that "the cutting of a sore"[58] caused his death.[59] He was buried in the Holy Savior Cathedral in Chernigov.[59] Within a year, his elder brother Iziaslav was restored and Sviatoslav's sons lost most parts of his domains.[1][60] Venerable Nicholas Sviatosha Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 14; Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated on November 22; Venerable Arcadius of Novy Torg, Commemorated on December 13; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; Princess Anna of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10 ; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2;

Russia, Kiev, 1051-1055, Kiev Rus Metropolitan, Hilarion, first native M, Writer, Splits 1054
Kiev Rus Metropolitan, 1051-1055, Hilarion of Kiev; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; St Hilarion, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on October 21; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23;

Russia, Kiev, 1054-1078,K Rus King, Izyaslav I,Yaroslav's oldest son, Caves M, legal code, w Poland,Ger,HRE
Kiev Rus King, 1054-1078, Izyaslav I (Demetrius) Yaroslavich ; Yaroslavich (1024 – 3 October 1078, baptized as Demetrius) was a Kniaz' (Prince) of Turov and Veliki Kniaz (Grand Prince of Kiev (now Kyiv, Ukraine), from 1054). children Yaropolk and Sviatopolk would rule the Turov Principality. Their authority was mainly challenged by the Rostilavichi of Rostislav Vsevolodovich. 1 Biography 2 Children 3 Ancestry 4 See also 5 References 6 Sources 7 External links was the oldest son of Yaroslav I the Wise by his second wife Ingigerd Olafsdottir. succeeded his father, after Yaroslav's oldest child, Vladimir (the only child by Yaroslav's first wife), had predeceased his father. was one of the authors of "Pravda Yaroslavichiv" – a part of the first legal code of Rus, called Russkaya Pravda. is also credited with the foundation of the Kiev Pechersk Monastery. Iziaslav I of Kiev ceded the whole mountain to Antonite monks who founded a monastery built by architects from Constantinople. to the Primary Chronicle, in the early 11th century, Antony, a Greek Orthodox monk from Esphigmenon monastery on Mount Athos, originally from Liubech in the Principality of Chernigov, returned to Rus' and settled in Kiev as a missionary of the monastic tradition to Kievan Rus'. chose a cave at the Berestov Mount that overlooked the Dnieper River and a community of disciples soon grew. 1043 his father Veliki Kniaz (Grand Prince) Yaroslav made an agreement with King Casimir I of Poland that recognized Cherven (Cherven Cities, or Vohly, between Poland and Russia) as part of Kiev. agreement was sealed with a double marriage—Casimir to Dobronega, Yaroslav's sister; and Iziaslav to Gertrude, Casimir's sister.[1] this marriage were born three children: Iziaslav's son Yaropolk, Mstislav and Sviatopolk. Upon the death of Yaroslav the Wise, his realm was divided between three of his older sons (Vladimir of Novgorod died before that), Izyaslav, Sviatoslav, and Vsevolod, the Yaroslavichi triumvirate that ruled the country for the next 20 years. a result of the popular uprising in 1068, Iziaslav was deposed and fled to Poland.[1] 1069 he retook Kiev with the help of the Polish army; however, he was ousted again by his brothers in 1073. turned to the German king Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, Polish king Bolesław II the Bold, and Pope Gregory VII, for help on several occasions. Iziaslav became the first King of Rus' in 1075 when the Pope sent him a crown. He succeeded in retaking Kiev once again in 1076, but soon died in an internecine war against Princes Oleg Sviatoslavich and Boris Vyacheslavich. Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10; Venerable Arcadius of Novotorsk, Commemorated on July 11; Venerable Moses the Hungarian of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated July 26 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 17; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated September 2 ; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 5; Venerable Nicholas Sviatosha Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 14; Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27; Venerable Barlaam the Abbot of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 19; Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated on November 22; Dedication of the Church of the Greatmartyr George at Kiev, Commemorated on November 26; Venerable Arcadius of Novy Torg, Commemorated on December 13; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; Icon of the Mother of God of Elets, Commemorated on January 11; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated on January 28; Icon of the Mother of God Ã¢Â€ÂœElets-ChernigovÃ¢Â€ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on February 5 ; Princess Anna of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10 ; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14 ; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Constantinople, Commemorated on April 25 ; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27 ; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2; Venerable Theodosius the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves Monastery, and Founder of Coenobitic Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on May 3 ; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21; Uncovering of the relics of St Leontius the Bishop and Wonderworker of Rostov, Commemorated on May 23; Venerable Agapitus the Unmercenary Physician of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on June 1 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1060-1129, Saint, died 1129, Constantine of Murom with his sons Michael and Theodore (Fyodor)
Kiev Saint, died 1129, Constantine of Murom; Icon of the Mother of God of Murom, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21;

Russia, Kiev, 1064-1114, First Kiev Rus Iconographer, Alypius of the Caves
Russia, Kiev, 1064-1114, First Kiev Rus Iconographer, Alypius of the Caves; Icon of the Mother of God of Chelnsk and Pskov Caves, Commemorated on May 14

Russia, Kiev, 1068, Battle of the River Alta, Cumans, Kipchaks over Rus
Kiev, Battle of the River Alta, 1068; Venerable Moses the Hungarian of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated July 26 ; Venerable Ephraim, Abbot and Wonderworker of Novy Torg, Commemorated January 28 ; Uncovering of the relics of St Leontius the Bishop and Wonderworker of Rostov, Commemorated on May 23; Venerable Agapitus the Unmercenary Physician of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on June 1 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1068-1069, Grand Prince, Vseslav ( Prince of Polotsk (Vohly) and Belarus, 1044-1101)
Russia, Belarus, 1044-1101, Prince, Vseslav of Polotsk (also Grand Prince of Kiev 1068-9); of Polotsk or Vseslav Bryachislavich (c. 1039 – 24 April 1101), also known as Vseslav the Sorcerer or Vseslav the Seer, the most famous ruler of Polotsk and was briefly Grand Prince of Kiev in 1068–1069. with Rostislav Vladimirovich and voivode Vyshata, they created a coalition against the Yaroslaviches' triumvirate. Polotsk's Cathedral of Holy Wisdom (completed in 1066) is one of the most enduring monuments on the lands of modern Belarus and dates to his 57-year reign. Venerable Euphrosyne the Abbess of Polotsk, Commemorated on May 23;

Russia, Kiev, 1073-1077, K Rus King, Sviatoslav II of Kiev, NIcholas, Y's younger son, Vohly trade
Kiev Rus King, 1073-1077, Sviatoslav II of Kiev, Nicholas; II Iaroslavich or Sviatoslav II Yaroslavich (1027 – 27 December 1076[1] in Kiev [Kyiv]) was Grand Prince of Kiev between 1073 and 1076. was born as a younger son of Grand Prince Yaroslav the Wise. His baptismal name was Nicholas. ruled the Principality of Vladimir in Volhynia in his father's lifetime (from around 1040 to 1054). Yaroslav the Wise, who divided the Kievan Rus' between his five sons in his testament, willed the Principality of Chernigov to Sviatoslav. Sviatoslav joined his brothers, Iziaslav of Kiev and Vsevolod of Pereyaslav, in forming a princely "triumvirate" that oversaw the affairs of Kievan Rus' until 1072. The three brothers together fought against their enemies, including the nomadic Oghuz Turks, and their distant relative, Prince Vseslav of Polotsk. The Cumans defeated their united force in the autumn of 1068, but Sviatoslav routed a Cuman band plundering his principality. "triumvirate" broke up, when Sviatoslav, supported by his younger brother Vsevolod, dethroned and replaced their older brother Iziaslav in 1073. He commissioned the compilation of at least two miscellanies of theological works. Otherwise, his short reign was uneventful. 1 Early life 2 Triumvirate 3 Grand Prince of Kiev 4 Family 5 See also 6 References 7 Sources 7.1 Primary sources 7.2 Secondary sources 8 Further reading life[edit] was the fourth son of Yaroslav the Wise, Grand Prince of Kiev, and his wife, Ingegerd of Sweden.[2] He was born in 1027.[2] The Lyubetskiy sinodik—a list of the princes of Chernigov which was completed in the Monastery of Saint Anthony in Lyubech—writes that his baptismal name was Nicholas.[3] Russian Primary Chronicle writes that Sviatoslav was staying "at Vladimir"[4] (Volodymyr-Volynskyi, Ukraine) in Volhynia around the time his father fell seriously ill before his death.[5] According to the historian Martin Dimnik, the chronicle's report shows that Yaroslav the Wise had, most probably in about 1040, appointed Sviatoslav to rule this important town of the Kievan Rus'.[6] his deathbed, Yaroslav the Wise divided the most important towns of his realm among his five sons—Iziaslav, Sviatoslav, Vsevolod, Igor, and Vyacheslav—who survived him.[7][8] To Sviatoslav, he bequeathed Chernigov (Chernihiv, Ukraine).[9] The dying grand prince also ordered that his four younger sons should "heed"[10] their eldest brother, Iziaslav who received Kiev.[8] of the Kievan Rus' in the Kievan Rus' (1054–1132) the Wise died on 20 February 1054.[11] His three elder sons—Iziaslav of Kiev, Sviatoslav of Chernigov, and Vsevolod of Pereyaslav—decided to jointly govern the Kievan Rus'.[12] Historian Martin Dimnik writes that taking into account Sviatoslav's political and military skills it "is reasonable to assume that he was one of the main motivating forces, if not the actual architect, of many of the policies adopted" by the three brothers.[13] The "triumviri" closely cooperated in the following years.[12] In 1059 they liberated their uncle, Sudislav whom their father had sent to prison around 1035.[14][15] They made a joint expedition "by horse and ship against the Torks"[16] or Oghuz Turks, according to the Russian Primary Chronicle, in 1060.[17] On hearing of the arrival of the Rus' forces, the Torks fled from their lands without resistance.[18] 1065, Sviatoslav led his troops against his nephew, Rostislav Vladimirovich, who had in the previous year expelled by force Sviatoslav's son, Gleb from Tmutorakan.[19] Upon Sviatoslav's arrival, Rostislav withdrew from this important center of his uncle's domains, but he reoccupied it after Sviatoslav had returned to Chernigov.[20] A distant cousin of the "triumviri", Vseslav Briacheslavich (Prince of Polotsk), attacked Pskov in 1065, according to The Chronicle of Pskov.[21][22] Vseslav Briacheslavich could not take this town, but he seized and plundered Novgorod—which had been ruled by Iziaslav of Kiev's son, Mstislav—in the next winter.[21][23] Izyaslav, Sviatoslav and Vsevolod soon united their forces and set forth against Vseslav, "though it was the dead of winter",[24] according to the Russian Primary Chronicle.[25] They routed Vseslav's army by the Nemiga River (near Minsk) on 3 March 1066.[25] Vseslav, who fled from the battlefield, agreed to enter into negotiations with the "triumviri", but they treacherously captured him at a meeting at Orsha in early June.[22][25] Cumans, who had emerged as the dominant power of the Pontic steppes in the early 1060s, invaded the southern regions of Kievan Rus' in 1068.[26] The three brothers together marched against the invaders, but the Cumans routed them on the Alta River.[27] From the battlefield, Sviatoslav withdrew to Chernigov and regrouped his troops.[27] He returned to defeat the Cumans with a smaller force at the town of Snovsk on 1 November, thus enhancing his prestige among the populace.[27] In the meantime, the townspeople of Kiev had dethroned and expelled Sviatoslav's brother, Iziaslav.[28] Taking advantage of Iziaslav's absence, Sviatopluk sent his own son, Gleb to Novgorod to rule the town.[29][30] returned at the head of Polish reinforcements.[31] The townspeople of Kiev sent messages to Sviatoslav and Vsevolod, imploring them to come to their "father's city"[32] and defend it, according to the Russian Primary Chronicle.[33] Sviatoslav and Vsevolod requested Iziaslav "not to lead the Poles in attack upon Kiev", stating that "if he intended to nurse his wrath and destroy the city, they would be properly concerned for the ancestral capital".[33][34][31] Iziaslav partially acquiesced: he did not let his Polish allies enter the town, but his retinue slaughtered or mutilated many of his opponents in Kiev.[35] He also attempted to punish Anthony—the founder of the Monastery of the Caves in Kiev—who had supported his enemies, but Sviatoslav gave shelter to the saintly monk in Chernigov.[36] Iziaslav's return to Kiev, the "triumvirate" was restored.[28] The three brothers together visited Vyshhorod in order to participate in the translation of the relics of their saintly uncles, Boris and Gleb on 3 May 1072.[37] According to The Narrative, Passion, and Encomium of Boris and Gleb, Sviatoslav took Saint Gleb's hand and "pressed it to his injury, for he had pain in his neck, and to his eyes, and to his forehead"[38] before placing it back into the coffin.[39] In short Sviatoslav felt a pain at the top of his head and his servant found a fingernail of the saint under his cap.[39] Most historians agree that the three brothers expanded their father's legal code on this occasion, but the exact date is unknown.[40] [41] Prince of Kiev[edit] Izbornik of 1076 page from Sviatoslav's Izbornik of 1073 to the Russian Primary Chronicle, "the devil stirred up strife"[42] among the three brothers shortly after the canonization of Saints Boris and Gleb.[43][44] Sviatoslav and Vsevolod united their forces and expelled Iziaslav from Kiev on 22 March 1073.[43] The chronicler put the blame for this action on Sviatoslav, stating that "he was the instigator of his brother's expulsion, for he desired more power".[42][44] The chronicler also states that Sviatoslav had "misled Vsevolod by asserting that" Iziaslav "was entering into an alliance"[42] with Vseslav Briacheslavich against them.[44] Modern historians disagree about the motives of Sviatoslav's action. Franklin and Shepard write that he was driven by "straightforward greed";[45] Martin says that Sviatoslav who seems to have suffered from a grave illness wanted to secure his sons' right to Kiev which would have been lost if Sviatoslav "had predeceased Iziaslav without having ruled"[46] the town. In fact, the Russian Primary Chronicle states that it was Sviatoslav who "ruled in Kiev after the expulsion"[42] of Iziaslav.[47] the head of the Monastery of the Caves, Feodosy criticized Sviatoslav for usurping the throne.[43][48] However, before his death in May 1074 he was reconciled with the grand prince, who supported the foundation of a stone church dedicated to the Mother of God in Kiev.[45][49] Sviatoslav also supported the compilation of ecclesiastic works. Two izborniki or miscellanies—collections of excerpts from the Bible and from theological works—were completed under his auspices in 1073 and 1076.[50] According to the Izbornik of 1073, Sviatoslav, who is praised as a "new Ptolemy", had by that time collected a great number of spiritual books.[51] rule was short and uneventful.[52] His dethroned brother first fled to Poland, but Duke Boleslav II, who was Sviatoslav's son-in-law, expelled him from his lands.[28][53] Next Iziaslav sought the assistance of the German monarch, Henry IV.[43] The latter, in 1075, sent his envoys—including Sviatoslav's brother-in-law, Burchard—to Kiev to collect more information.[54] According to the Russian Primary Chronicle, "in his pride", Sviatoslav "showed them his riches", displaying them "the innumerable quantity of his gold, silver and silks".[55][56] In 1076 Sviatoslav sent reinforcements to Poland to help his son-in-law against the Bohemians.[57] died on 27 December 1076.[1] The Russian Primary Chronicle writes that "the cutting of a sore"[58] caused his death.[59] He was buried in the Holy Savior Cathedral in Chernigov.[59] Within a year, his elder brother Iziaslav was restored and Sviatoslav's sons lost most parts of his domains.[1][60] Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27; Venerable Barlaam the Abbot of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 19; Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated on November 22; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated on January 28; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14 ; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27; Uncovering of the relics of St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 30; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21; Venerable Agapitus the Unmercenary Physician of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on June 1 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1073-1114, Saint, Alypius of the Caves, Iconographer
Russia, Kiev, 1073-1114, Saint, Alypius of the Caves, Iconographer; Valaam Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on August 7;

Russia, Kiev, 1072-1115, K Rus P, Oleg I, Chernigov, Tmutarakan, Crimea, Kazaria, w Cumans, Olgovichis
Kiev, 1072-1115, Rus Prince, Oleg I of Chernigov, œGorislavich; Svyatoslavich (c. 1052 – August 1115) was a Rurikid prince whose equivocal adventures ignited political unrest in Kievan Rus' at the turn of the 11th and 12th centuries. was a younger son of Sviatoslav Iaroslavich, Prince of Chernigov and his first wife, Killikiya.[1] He might have been either the second or the fourth among the four sons of Sviatoslav Iaroslavich by Killikiya, because their order of seniority is uncertain.[2] According to historian Martin Dimnik, Oleg was born around 1050.[1] Oleg was named after his grand uncle.[citation needed] His baptismal name was Michael.[3] writes that "it is highly probable" that Oleg succeeded his brother, Gleb in Tmutarakan after their father appointed the latter Prince of Novgorod in about 1068.[4] father and uncle, Vsevolod Iaroslavich made an alliance against their elder brother, Iziaslav Iaroslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev and dethroned him on 22 March 1073.[5][6] to Dimnik, Oleg received the Principality of Vladimir from his father who succeeded Iziaslav Iaroslavich in Kiev.[7] short, Oleg and his cousin, Vladimir Monomach—son of Vsevolod Iaroslavich—became close friends.[8] Monomach writes in his Instruction that Oleg was the godfather of his eldest son, Mstislav.[8] two cousins together commanded the troops Oleg's father sent to assist Boleslav II of Poland in Bohemia in 1076, according to the Russian Primary Chronicle.[9] Iaroslavich died in Kiev on 27 December 1077.[10][11] He was succeeded by his brother, Vsevolod Iaroslavich.[11] The new grand prince seems to have confirmed Oleg's rule in Vladimir, because no source makes mention of a conflict between them.[11] the dethroned Iziaslav Iaroslavich—Vsevolod's brother and Oleg's uncle—returned with Polish reinforcements.[12][13] Iziaslav and Vsevolod had a meeting where they reached an agreement: renounced of Kiev, but received Chernigov, the one-time domain of Oleg's father.[12][13] Iziaslav marched in Kiev on 15 July 1077, while Oleg "was with Vsevolod at Chernigov",[14] according to the Russian Primary Chronicle.[12] The chronicler's remark suggests that Oleg had by that time been forced to leave Vladimir.[15] to get along with his uncle, on 10 April 1077 Oleg fled to his brother Roman who reigned in Tmutarakan.[16 Together with his cousin, Boris Vyacheslavich, who had also settled in Tmutarakan (Tmutarakan was a Kievan Rus' principality that controlled the passage from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov, near Crimean Penninsula), Oleg made an alliance with the Cumans and invaded Rus' in the summer of 1078.[18][19] routed their uncle, Vsevolod on the Sozh River and entered Chernigov on 25 August.[19] The Russian Primary Chronicle accuses Oleg and Boris of being the first to lead "the pagans to attack the land of Rus'".[20][21] Vladimir Monomach, in his Instruction, reveals that he and his father, Vsevolod had hired Cumans when attacking Polotsk in the previous year.[21] from Chernigov, Vsevolod fled to Kiev and sought assistance from his brother, Iziaslav.[19] They united their forces and marched against Chernigov.[13][19] Oleg and Boris were not in the town when their uncles arrived, the citizens decided to resist.[22] Oleg was willing to start negotiations with his uncles, but Boris refused his proposal.[23] The decisive battle was fought "at a place near a village on the meadow of Nezhata"[24] on 3 October.[19] was defeated and escaped to Tmutarakan, where the Khazars had him imprisoned and sent in chains to Constantinople. emperor, who was a relative and ally of Vsevolod, exiled him to Rhodes. There he married a noble lady, Theophano Mouzalonissa, who bore him several children. years later, we again find him active in Tmutarakan, where he adopted the title "archon of Khazaria". 1094, he returned with the Kipchaks to Rus' and captured Chernihiv. There ensued a prolonged internecine struggle with his cousins Sviatopolk and Vladimir Monomakh. of the most prominent princes of Kievan period who never attained the Kievan throne, he died on August 1, 1115 and was buried in Chernihiv. Tale of Igor's Campaign styles him Gorislavich, poetically deriving his patronymic from the Russian word for sorrow. descendants, known as Olgovichi, were archrivals of Vladimir's descendants (known as Monomakhovichi) in their struggle for supremacy in Rus'. son was Igor II of Kiev. Right-believing Great Prince Igor of Kiev and Chernigov, Commemorated on September 19;

Russia, Kiev, 1078-1087, Rus King, Yaropolk Izyaslavich, Belrus Vohly, Caves benefactor, j to Pol, Ger, Rome
Kiev Rus King, 1078-1087, Yaropolk Izyaslavich; Izyaslavich[2] (died 1087) was a Knyaz (prince) during the eleventh-century in the Kievan Rus' kingdom and was the King of Rus (1076-1078). son of Grand Prince Izyaslav Yaroslavich by a Polish princess named Gertruda, he is visible in papal sources by the early 1070s but largely absent in contemporary Rus sources until his father's death in 1078. his father's exile in the 1070s, Yaropolk can be found acting on his father's behalf in an attempt to gain the favor of the German emperors and the papal court of Pope Gregory VII. father returned to Kiev in 1077 and Yaropolk followed. his father's death Yaropolk was appointed Prince of Volhynia and Prince of Turov in 1078 by the new Grand Prince, his uncle Vsevolod. 1085 Yaropolk had fallen into a state of enmity with the Grand Prince, and by extension the Grand Prince's son Vladimir Monomakh, forcing him to flee to Poland, his mother's homeland. returned in 1086 and made peace with Monomakh but was murdered the same year on a journey to Zvenyhorod.[3] was remembered in Rus sources as extremely pious and generous to the church and is recognized as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church. Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated on November 22; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated on January 28; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27;

Russia, Kiev, 1078, Master Builders come from Greece with Theotokos Icon
Venerable Stephen, Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27; 1078 Saint Stephen was removed from office and driven from the monastery through the malice of an evil monk. He endured this meekly and without bitterness, and continued to pray for those who had turned against him. Stephen learned that master builders had come from Greece with an icon of the Theotokos, and they told him of the appearance of the Heavenly Queen at Blachernae. Because of this, Saint Stephen also built a church at Klovo in honor of the Theotokos (in memory of the Placing of Her Robe at Blachernae). The monastery was founded in thanksgiving for solicitude of the Most Holy Theotokos for the Caves monastery. Blachernae; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at Blachernae; Placing of the Venerable Robe of the Most Holy Theotokos at Blachernae: the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Leo the Great (457-474), the brothers Galbius and Candidus, associates of the emperor, set out from Constantinople to Palestine to venerate the holy places. a small settlement near Nazareth they stayed in the home of a certain old Jewish woman. In her house they noticed a room where many lamps were lit, incense burned, and sick people were gathered. When they asked her what the room contained, the pious woman did not want to give an answer for a long time. persistent requests, she said that she had a very precious sacred item: the Robe of the Mother of God, which performed many miracles and healings. Her Dormition the Most Holy Virgin bequeathed one of her garments to a pious Jewish maiden, an ancestor of the old woman, instructing her to leave it to another virgin after her death. the Robe of the Mother of God was preserved in this family from generation to generation. jewelled chest, containing the sacred Robe, was transferred to Constantinople. Saint Gennadius, Patriarch of Constantinople (August 31), and the emperor Leo, having learned of the sacred treasure, were convinced of the incorrupt state of the holy Robe, and they certified its authenticity. Blachernae, near the seacoast, a new church in honor of the Mother of God was constructed. On June 2, 458 Saint Gennadius transferred the sacred Robe into the Blachernae church with appropriate solemnity, placing it within a new reliquary. the maphorion (i.e., the outer robe) of the Mother of God, and part of Her belt were also put into the reliquary with Her Robe. This circumstance also influenced the Orthodox iconography of the Feast, in connecting the two events: the Placing of the Robe, and the Placing of the Belt of the Mother of God in Blachernae. The Russian pilgrim Stephen of Novgorod, visiting Constantinople in about the year 1350, testifies: “We arrived at Blachernae, where the Robe lies upon an altar in a sealed reliquary.” than once, during the invasion of enemies, the Most Holy Theotokos saved the city to which She had given Her holy Robe. Thus it happened during the time of a siege of Constantinople by the Avars in 626, by the Persians in 677, and by the Arabs in the year 717. Especially relevant for us are events of the year 860, intimately connected with the history of the Russian Church. June 18, 860 the Russian fleet of Prince Askold, a force comprising more than 200 ships, laid waste the coastal regions of the Black Sea and the Bosphorus, then entered into the Golden Horn and threatened Constantinople. The Russian ships sailed within sight of the city, setting ashore troops who “proceeded before the city, stretching forth their swords.” The emperor Michael III (842-867), interrupted his campaign against the Arabs and returned to the capital. All night he prayed prostrated upon the stone tiles of the church of the Mother of God at Blachernae. The holy Patriarch Photius spoke to his flock, calling for tears of repentance to wash away sins, and to seek the intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos with fervent prayer. danger grew with each passing hour. “The city was barely able to stand against a spear,” says Patriarch Photius in another of his homilies. Under these conditions the decision was made to save the church’s sacred objects, especially the holy Robe of the Mother of God, which was kept in the Blachernae church, not far from the shore. serving an all-night Vigil, and taking it out from the Blachernae church, they carried the sacred Robe of the Mother of God in a procession around the city walls. They dipped its edge into the waters of the Bosphorus, and then they transported it to the center of Constantinople into the church of Hagia Sophia. The Mother of God protected the city and quelled the fury of the Russian warriors. An honorable truce was concluded, and Askold lifted the siege of Constantinople. June 25 the Russian army began to leave, taking with them a large tribute payment. A week afterwards, on July 2, the wonderworking Robe of the Mother of God was solemnly returned to its place in the reliquary of the Blachernae church. In remembrance of these events an annual feastday of the Placing of the Robe of the Mother of God was established on July 2 by holy Patriarch Photius. in October-November of the year 860, a Russian delegation arrived in Constantinople to conclude a treaty “in love and peace.” Some of the conditions of the peace treaty included articles concerning the Baptism of Kievan Rus, the payment of an annual tribute by the Byzantines to the Russians, permission for them to serve with the Byzantine army, an agreement to trade in the territory of the Empire (primarily in Constantinople), and to send a diplomatic mission to Byzantium. important was the point about the Baptism of Rus. The continuator of the Byzantine “Theophanes Chronicles” relates that “their delegation arrived in Constantinople with a request for them to receive holy Baptism, which also was fulfilled.” An Orthodox mission was sent to Kiev to fulfill this mutual wish of the Russians and the Greeks. Not very long before this (in 855) Saint Cyril the Philosopher (February 14 and May 11) had created a Slavonic alphabet and translated the Gospel. Saint Cyril was sent with his brother, Saint Methodius (April 6 and May 11), on a mission to Kiev with books translated into Slavonic. This was at the initiative of Saint Photius, whose student Saint Cyril was. The brothers spent the winter of 860/861 at Cherson, and in the spring of 861 they were at the River Dniepr, with Prince Askold. Askold was faced with a difficult choice, just as holy Prince Vladimir faced: both the Jews on the one hand, and the Moslems on the other, wanted him to accept their faith. But under the influence of Saint Cyril, the prince chose Orthodoxy. At the end of the year 861, Saints Cyril and Methodius returned to Constantinople and carried letters with them from Prince Askold to Emperor Michael III. Askold thanked the emperor for sending him “such men, who showed by both word and by example, that the Christian Faith is holy.” “Persuaded that this is the true Faith,” Askold further wrote, “we bid them to baptize in the hope that we may also attain sanctity. We are all friends of the Kingdom and prepared to be of service to you, as requested.” accepted holy Baptism with the name Nicholas, and many of his retinue were also baptized. Directly from Constantinople, the capital of Orthodoxy, through the efforts of the holy Apostles to the Slavs both the Slavonic divine services and the Slavonic written language arrived in Rus. Photius appointed Metropolitan Michael to Kiev, and the Russian metropolitan district was entered into the lists of dioceses of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. Patriarch Photius in an encyclical of the year 867 called the Baptism of the Bulgarians and the Russians as among the chief accomplishments of his archpastoral service. “The Russians, who lifted their hand against the Roman might,” he wrote, almost quoting literally from the missive of Askold, “have now replaced the impious teaching which they held to formerly, with the pure and genuine Christian Faith, and with love having established themselves in the array of our friends and subjects.” (The Byzantines counted as “subjects” all accepting Baptism from Constantinople and entering into military alliance with the Empire.) “The desire and zeal of faith has flared up within them to such an extent, that they have accepted bishops and pastors, and they embrace Christian sanctity with great zeal and fervor.” Feast of the Placing of the Robe of the Most Holy Theotokos in Blachernae also marks the canonical establishment of the Russian Orthodox metropolitanate in Kiev. By the blessing of the Mother of God and by the miracle from Her holy Robe not only was the deliverence of Constantinople from the most terrible siege in all its history accomplished, but also the liberation of the Russians from the darkness of pagan superstition to life eternal. Together with this, the year 860 brought recognition to Kievan Rus from Byzantium, and signified the emergence of the young Russian realm into the arena of history. attempt of Prince Askold to renew the Christian evangelization begun by the holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called, which he intended as a religious and state reform, ended unsuccessfully. The time for the spread of Christianity in the Russian Land had not yet come. The adherents of the old paganism were too strong, and the princely power was too weak. In the clash of Askold with the pagan Oleg in 882 the Kievans betrayed their prince. Askold, lured into the camp of his enemies for talks, received a martyr’s death at the hand of hired killers. the deed of Blessed Askold (the Ioakimov Chronicle calls him such) was not extinguished in the Russian Church. Oleg the Sage, who killed Askold, occupied the Kiev princedom after him, and called Kiev the “Mother of Russian Cities.” most ancient chronicles of Kiev preserved the grateful memory of the first Kievan Christian prince: the church of the Prophet of God Elias, built by Askold and later mentioned in Igor’s Treaty with the Greeks (in 944), is on the site where the present church of this name now stands, and there is also the church of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker, built in the 950s by Saint Olga over Askold’s grave. most important achievement of Askold, entering forever into the Church inheritance not only of Rus, but of also all Orthodox Slavs, is the Slavonic Gospel and Slavonic services, translated by Saints Cyril and Methodius. Their apostolic activity among the Slavs began in Kiev at the court of Askold in 861, and continued afterwards in Moravia and Bulgaria. Following Blessed Askold, in the words of the ancient Alphabetic Prayers, “the Slavonic tribe now soars in flight, all striving toward Baptism.” outstanding works of Byzantine Church hymnology and homiletics are connected with the miracle of the Robe of the Most Holy Theotokos at Blachernae. There are two homilies of Saint Photius, one of which he preached within days of the siege of Constantinople, and the other soon after the departure of the Russian forces. Also associated with the campaign of Askold against Constantinople is the composition of a remarkable “Akathist to the Most Holy Theotokos,” which certain Church histories ascribe also to holy Patriarch Photius. This Akathist forms an integral part of the services of Praise to the Most Holy Theotokos (i.e., the “Saturday of the Akathist,” Fifth Saturday of Great Lent). is not only Byzantine sources that relate the events of the year 860, but also Russian historical chronicles. Saint Nestor the Chronicler, stressing the significance of the Russian campaign against Constantinople, notes that from this time “it was begun to be called the Russian Land.” Certain of the chronicles, among them the Ioakimov and Nikonov, preserved accounts of the Baptism of Prince Askold and Kievan Rus after the campaign against Constantinople. The popular commemoration of this event is firmly associated with the names of the Kievan princes Askold and Dir, although in the opinion of historians, Dir was prince of Kiev somewhat earlier than Askold. veneration of the feast of the Placing of the Robe was long known in the Russian Church. Saint Andrew Bogoliubsky (July 4) built a church in honor of this feastday in the city of Vladimir at the Golden Gates. At the end of the fourteenth century, part of the Robe of the Mother of God was transferred from Constantinople to Rus by Saint Dionysius, Archbishop of Suzdal (June 26). holy Robe of the Mother of God, which previously saved Constantinople, later saved Moscow from hostilities. Tatars of the Horde of the princeling Mazovshi approached the walls of Moscow in the summer of 1451. Saint Jonah, Metropolitan of Moscow, with constant prayer and church services, encouraged the defenders of the capital. On the night of July 2, the Chronicle relates, great confusion occurred within the Tatar camp. The enemy abandoned their plundered goods and speedily departed in disarray. In memory of the miraculous deliverance of Moscow, Saint Jonah built the church of the Placing of the Robe in the Kremlin, making it his primary church. It burned, but in its place in the years 1484-1486 a new church, also dedicated to the Feast of the Placing of the Robe of the Mother of God, was built thirty years later. This temple, standing at present, continued to serve as the primary church of Russian metropolitans and patriarchs until the cathedral of the Twelve Apostles was built under Patriarch Nikon. Venerable Romanus the Melodist, œSweet-Singer, Commemorated on October 1 ; Appearance of the Smolensk œDirectress Icon of the Mother of God brought from Constantinople, Commemorated on July 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 17; St Callinicus the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on August 23; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Right-Believing Pulcheria, Byzantine Empress, Commemorated on September 10; Holy Lady the Mother of God and Ever-Virgin Mary, Commemorated on October 1 ; Blessed Andrew the Fool-For-Christ at Constantinople, Commemorated October 2 ; Translation of the relic of the Right Hand of John the Baptist, Commemorated October 12 ; Righteous Anna of Constantinople, Commemorated October 29 ; St Sopatra of Constantinople, Commemorated on November 9 ; Venerable Patapius of Thebes, Commemorated on December 8 ; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27 ; Prophet Isaiah, Commemorated on May 9 ; St Germanus the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 12; Icon of the Mother of God œthe Unbreakable Wall, Commemorated on May 28; St Anna and Her Son of Constantinople, Commemorated on June 13; St Anna and Her Son of Constantinople, Commemorated on June 13; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at Blachernae, Commemorated on July 2; Translation of the "Blachernae" Icon of the Mother of God to Russia, Commemorated July 7 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1078-1093, K Rus King, Vsevolod I, Y's 5th, favorite, Married B Princess, Monomahk
Kiev Rus King, 1078-1093, Vsevolod I of Kiev; I Yaroslavich (c. 1030 – 13 April 1093) ruled as Grand Prince of Kiev (Kyiv) from 1078 until his death. 1 Early life 2 Reign 3 Children 4 Ancestry 5 See also 6 References 7 Sources 8 External links life[edit] was the fifth[1] and favourite son of Yaroslav I the Wise by Ingigerd Olafsdottir. was born around 1030.[2] On his seal from his last years, he was named "Andrei Vsevolodu" in Greek, implying that his baptismal name was Andrew.[3] back up an armistice signed with the Byzantine Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos in 1046, his father married Vsevolod to a Byzantine princess, who according to tradition was named Anastasia or Maria. That the couple's son Vladimir Monomakh bore the family name of the Byzantine emperor, suggests she was a member of his close family, but no contemporary evidence attests to a specific relationship and accounts of the Emperor give him no such daughter.[4] his father's death in 1054, he received in appanage the towns of Pereyaslav,[5] Rostov, Suzdal, and the township of Beloozero which would remain in possession of his descendants until the end of Middle Ages. with his elder brothers Iziaslav and Sviatoslav he formed a sort of princely triumvirate which jointly waged war on the steppe nomads, Polovtsy, and compiled the first East Slavic law code. 1055 Vsevolod launched an expedition against the Turks who had in the previous years expelled the Pechenegs from the Pontic steppes.[6] also made peace with the Cumans who appeared for the first time in Europe in the same year.[6] The Cumans invaded his principality in 1061 and routed Vsevolod in a battle.[6] Vsevolod persuaded his brother, Iziaslav, and their distant cousin, Vseslav to join him and they together attacked the Turks in 1060.[6] 1067, Vsevolod's Greek wife died and he soon married a Kypchak princess, Anna Polovetskaya. She bore him another son, who drowned after the Battle of the Stugna River, and daughters, one becoming a nun and another, Eupraxia of Kiev, marrying Emperor Henry IV. Cumans again invaded Kievan Rus' in 1068.[7] The three brothers united their forces against them, but the Cumans routed them on the Alta River.[7] After their defeat, Vsevolod withdrew to Pereyaslav.[8] its citizens rose up in open rebellion, dethroned Iziaslav, and liberated and proclaimed Vseslav their grand prince.[9] Vsevolod and Sviatoslav made no attempt to expel the usurper from Kiev.[10] supported Sviatoslav against Iziaslav.[11] They forced their brother to flee from Kiev in 1073.[11] Feodosy, the saintly hegumen or head of the Monastery of the Caves in Kiev remained loyal to Iziaslav, and refused lunch with Sviatoslav and Vsevolod.[2] court in the times of Vsevolod I granted Sviatoslav's former principality to Vsevolod, Sviatoslav's sons considered the Principality of Chernigov as their own patrimony or otchina.[11] Oleg Sviatoslavich made an alliance with the Cumans and invaded Chernigov.[12] came to Vsevolod's rescue and they forced Oleg to retreat, but Iziaslav was murdered in the battle.[12][13] Iziaslav's death, Vsevolod, as their father's only surviving son, took the Kievan throne, thus uniting the three core principalities—Kiev, Chernigov and Pereyaslavl—in Kievan Rus'.[14] appointed his eldest son, Vladimir Monomach to administer Chernigov.[15][13] Russian Primary Chronicle writes that the "people no longer had access to the Prince's justice, judges became corrupt and venal",[16] followed his young councilors' advice instead of that of his old retainers in his last years.[17] Monomakh, Vsevolod's son spoke five foreign languages, according to Vladimir Monomach's Autobiography.[18] Historian George Vernadsky believes that these probably included Greek and Cuman, because of the nationality of his two wives, and that he likely spoke Latin, Norse, and Ossetian.[19] lost most of his battles; his eldest son, Vladimir Monomakh, a grand and famous warrior, did most of the fighting for his father. last years of his reign were clouded by grave illness, and Vladimir Monomakh presided over the government. Appearance of the Smolensk "œDirectress" Icon of the Mother of God brought from Constantinople, Commemorated on July 28; Venerable Gregory the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 8; Venerable Alypius the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 17; St Martyrius, Archbishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on August 24 ; Princess Anna Vsevolodna, Commemorated on November 3; Venerable Barlaam the Abbot of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 19; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated on January 28; Venerable Prochorus of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 10; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2;

Russia, Kiev, 1088-1093, Kiev Rus Prince, Rostislav, Vsevolod's son, Monomahk's half bro
Kiev Rus Prince, 1088-1093, Rostislav Vsevolodovich; Vsevolodovich ((c. 1070-“1093) was the Prince of Pereyaslavl (1078-“1093), son of Vsevolod I of Kiev, and half brother of Vladimir Monomakh. He fought at Stugna river against the Cumans and drowned while fleeing the battle.[1] Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated on January 28; St Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel) the Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated on February 11; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Icon of the Mother of God of Murom, Commemorated on April 12;

Russia, Kiev, 1091-1099, Cuman Chief Boniak, Boniak the Mangy, plundered Kiev and Caves, w Oleg, d Hungary
Russia, Kiev, 1091-1099, Cuman Chief Boniak, Boniak (Maniak) the Mangy; Bonyak or Maniac, also known as Boniak the Mangy (Russian: Ð¨ÐµÐ»ÑƒÐ´Ð¸Ð²Ñ‹Ð¹ Ð‘Ð¾Ð½ÑÐº), was "one of the most prominent Cuman chieftains"[1] in the late 11th century and the early 12th century. He headed a powerful Cuman tribe or clan that inhabited the steppes to west of the Dnieper River. He supported the Byzantines against the Pechenegs in the Battle of Levounion in 1091. He defeated Coloman, King of Hungary in 1097 or 1099. Origins[edit] Boniak's descent is uncertain.[2] Svetlana Pletneva associates him with the Burch tribe, Peter B. Golden with the Ölberli tribe of the "Wild Cumans", and Omeljan Pritsak with the Qay clan.[3][4][5] Boniak's nickname – the Mangy – may show that he was born with the caul, according to the Hungarian historian Szilvia Kovács.[6] In Anna Komnene's Alexiad, he is called Maniac.[7] Boniak's exact position cannot be determined, but his career shows that he must have been the head of powerful Cuman tribal federation, tribe, or clan.[2] When pursuing Boniak, Sviatopolk II of Kiev and Vladimir Monomach "advanced to the Bug and later beyond the Ros' ",[8] according to Vladimir's Testament, which suggests that Boniak's people dwelled between the rivers Dnieper and Southern Bug or Dniester.[9] His participation in military campaigns in the Balkan Peninsula also shows that his people lived near the Lower Danube.[9] Career[edit] First records[edit] Along with Tugorkan, Boniak, or Maniak, was one of the Cumans' "outstanding leaders",[10] named by Anna Komnene, who came to assist the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos against the Pechenegs.[11][12] The united Byzantine and Cuman army annihilated the Pechenegs in the Battle of Levounion on 29 April 1091.[13] Historian Florin Curta writes that the two Cuman chieftains plundered the eastern regions of the Kingdom of Hungary on their return to the Desht-i Kypchak, or Cuman steppes.[11] Pletneva says that Boniak and Tugorkan together supported the pretender Pseudo-Diogenes against Emperor Alexios I in 1094, but Anna Komnene did not refer to Boniak's participation in the fights.[14] Wars in Rus'[edit] The Russian Primary Chronicle recorded two events connected to Boniak under the year 6604, that is 1095[15] or 1096 AD.[16][17] First Boniak and his Cumans "appeared before Kiev ..., and while ravaging the environs, they burned the prince's palace at Berestovo"[18] around 24 May.[19][16][20] On 20 July, "Boniak, that godless, mangy thief and bandit, came suddenly to Kiev for the second time"[21] and plundered three monasteries, including the Cave Monastery.[22][23] During the second campaign, the Cumans "planted two standards before the monastery gates",[21] which may show that they were under the command of two chieftains, according to Kovács.[24] Kovács writes that Boniak's action preceded the campaign that Sviatopolk II and Vladimir Monomach launched against Oleg I of Chernigov.[25] According to Simon Franklin and Jonathan Shepard, Boniak invaded only after Sviatopolk and his army left Kiev for a campaign against Chernigov (Chernihiv in Ukraine).[20] Kovács says that the joint campaign of Sviatopolk and Vladimir Monomach against Boniak's land over the river Ros' that Monomach mentioned in his Testament seems to have been a retaliatory action after Bonia's plundering raids in Kiev.[26] Sviatopolk of Kiev expelled David Igorevich, Prince of Volhynia, from his principality in the late 1090s.[27][28][29] David Igorevich fled to the Cumans and persuaded Bonyak and another Cuman chieftain, Altunopa, to join him to fight against Sviatopolk who had sought assistance from Coloman, King of Hungary.[27][30] On the eve of the battle against the Hungarians, Boniak "rode away from the troops" and "began to howl like a wolf, till first one and then many wolves answered him with their howls",[31] according to the Russian Primary Chronicle.[3] On his return, Boniak predicted to David Igorevich that they would defeat the Hungarians in the battle.[3] The Cumans annihilated the Hungarian army and seized the royal treasury.[32] According to the Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle, "[r]arely did Hungarians suffer such slaughter as in this battle".[33][34] However, David Igorevich could not reconquer Volhynia and was again forced to seek refuge among the Cumans.[32] Boniak again joined them and their united armies seized Lutsk and Volodymyr-Volynskyi.[29] According to the Russian Primary Chronicle, these events occurred in 1097, but many historians (including Kovács and Martin Dimnik) say that the fights took place two years later.[27][28] The Russian Primary Chronicle recorded that five Rus' princes – Sviatopolk II of Kiev, Vladimir Monomach, Davyd Sviatoslavich, Oleg Sviatoslavich and Yaroslav Sviatoslavich – assembled on the left bank of the Dnieper near Kiev in 1101.[28][23] On learning of the princes' meeting, all Cuman chieftains sent envoys to them "with propositions of peace".[35][36] The princes and the Cuman chieftains met at Sakov on the Dnieper and made peace on 15 September.[28] Two years later Sviatopolk II of Kiev, Vladimir Monomach and Davyd Sviatoslavich invaded the Cuman steppes and routed a large Cuman army, killing 20 Cuman chieftains.[37] According to the Hypatian version of the Russian Primary Chronicle, Boniak made an incursion into the region of Zarub in the Principality of Pereyaslavl, fighting with the Torks and Berendei in the winter of 1105 and 1106.[38] The Russian Primary Chronicle recorded that Boniak "raided and seized many horses in the vicinity of Pereyaslavl' "[39] in May 1107.[37] During the summer, he returned accompanied by Sharukan and other Cuman chieftains and laid siege to Lubno on the Sula River.[40] Vladimir Monomach, Prince of Pereyaslavl, persuaded Svyatopolk II of Kiev and other Rus' princes to come to fight against the invaders.[40] Their unified armies unexpectedly crossed the Sula, forcing the terrified Cumans to lift the siege and leave their camp on 12 August.[41] According to an alternative narration, recorded in Vladimir Monomach's Testament, the united forces of the Rus' princes routed Boniak and his Cuman allies on the banks of the Sula in summer, and Monomach alone defeated Boniak at Lubno alone only in 1108.[42] Svyatoplok II of Kiev died on 16 April 1113 or 1114.[43][44] After the Cumans learned of Svyatopluk's death, the Cumans marched as far as Vyr' River.[44][45] The Cumans were under the command of Aepa and Boniak, according to the Testament of Vladimir Monomach who succeeded Svyatopolk in Kiev.[44] Monomach wrote that he "advanced to meet them as far as"[46] Romny with his sons and Oleg Sviatoslavich, forcing the Cumans to flee.[44][47] Boniak is often represented as a sorcerer in Rus' folklore.[48] Kiev, 1095-1096, Cuman Chief Boniak Wars in Kiev; Monkmartyr Eustratius of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on March 28;

Russia, Kiev, 1093, Vladimir II Monomakh and Rostislav, 1093, both betrayed by Oleg, R drowned fleeing
Vladimir Monomakh of Kiev and Prince Rostislav 1093; II Monomakh (Christian name: Vasiliy, or Basileios) (26 May 1053 -19 May 1125) reigned as Grand Prince of Kievan Rus' from 1113 to 1125. He is considered a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church and is celebrated on May 6.[1] Family[edit] He was the son of Vsevolod I (married in 1046) by a relative of Byzantine emperor Constantine IX Monomachos, from whom Vladimir obtained his sobriquet.[2] Contemporary Byzantine naming practice allowed the adoption of a maternal surname if the mother's family was perceived to be of a more exalted origin than that of the father.[3] Testament of Vladimir Monomakh to Children, 1125. Lithography of 1836. his famous Instruction (also known as The Testament) to his own children, Monomakh mentions that he conducted 83 military campaigns and 19 times made peace with the Polovtsi. At first he waged war against the steppe jointly with his cousin Oleg, but after Vladimir was sent by his father to rule Chernigov and Oleg made peace with the Polovtsi to retake that city from him, they parted company. Since that time, Vladimir and Oleg were bitter enemies who would often engage in internecine wars. The enmity continued among their children and more distant posterity. 1094, his chief patrimony was the southern town of Pereyaslav, although he also controlled Rostov, Suzdal, and other northern provinces (see Principality of Pereyaslavl). In these lands he founded several towns, notably his namesake, Vladimir, the future capital of Russia. In order to unite the princes of Rus' in their struggle against the Great Steppe, Vladimir initiated three princely congresses, the most important being held at Lyubech in 1097 and Dolobsk in 1103. 1107 he defeated Boniak, a Cuman khan who led an invasion on Kievan Rus'. When Sviatopolk II died in 1113, the Kievan populace revolted and summoned Vladimir to the capital. The same year he entered Kiev to the great delight of the crowd and reigned there until his death in 1125. As may be seen from his Instruction, he promulgated a number of reforms in order to allay the social tensions in the capital. These years saw the last flowering of Ancient Rus, which was torn apart 10 years after his death. Monomakh is buried in the Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev. Succeeding generations often referred to his reign as the golden age of that city. Numerous legends are connected with Monomakh's name, including the transfer from Constantinople to Rus of such precious relics as the Theotokos of Vladimir and the Vladimir/Muscovite crown called Monomakh's Cap. and children[edit] married three times. Some sources cite his first wife as Gytha of Wessex, daughter of Harold of England who had fallen at Hastings in 1066 and of Edith Swannesha. Problems exist in that none of the sources citing this are contemporary, and none of the Russian sources cite the name of his first wife as the daughter of Harold Godwinson. They had at least five children: I of Kiev (1 June 1076 -14 April 1132) Izyaslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Kursk (c. 1077 -“ 6 September 1096) Svyatoslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Smolensk and Pereyaslav (c. 1080- 16 March 1114) Yaropolk II of Kiev (1082-18 February 1139) Viacheslav I of Kiev (1083- 2 February 1154) The following daughter has been attributed to either the first or the second wife: Vladimirovna (d. 1146). Married Leon Diogenes, a pretender to the throne of the Byzantine Empire who claimed to be a son of Romanos IV and who rose to the rank of khan of the Cumans in Ossetia. rests after hunting (painting by Viktor Vasnetsov, c. 1900). second wife, Eufimia, is considered to have been a Byzantine noblewoman.[2] The Primary Chronicle and the "Testament of Vladimir Monomakh" record her date of death as 7 May 1107. However the Chronicle does not mention her name. This marriage produced at least six children: Prince of Volhynia (d. 6 January 1119) Eufemia of Kiev (d. 4 April 1139). Married Coloman of Hungary. Agafia (Agatha). Married Vsevolod Davidovich, Prince of Gorodno. According to older historians her husband was a son of David Igorevich, Prince of Volhynia (d. 1113), but this theory was rejected.[4] Yuri (George), later known as Yuri Dolgoruki (d. 15 May 1157). Andrew, Prince of Volhynia (11 July 1102-1141). third marriage is thought to have been to a daughter of Aepa Ocenevich, Khan of the Cumans. Her paternal grandfather was Osen. Her people belonged to the Kipchaks, a confederation of pastoralists and warriors of Turkic origin. the Primary Chronicle identifies Aepa as father-in-law to Yuri Dolgoruki, with Vladimir negotiating the marriage in name of his son.[citation needed] Whether father and son married sisters or the identity of intended groom was misidentified remains unclear. Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1093-1113, Kiev Rus King, Sviatopolk II, Michael, internecine wars, not popular
Kiev Rus King, 1093-1113, Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich ; II Iziaslavich (Old East Slavic: November 8, 1050 - April 16, 1113) was supreme ruler of the Kievan Rus for 20 years, from 1093 to 1113. He was not a popular prince, and his reign was marked by incessant rivalry with his cousin Vladimir Monomakh. ; Venerable Gregory the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 8; Martyr Basil of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 11; St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Venerable Alypius the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 17; Venerable Pimen of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 27; Icon of the Mother of God of Kupyatich, Commemorated on November 15; Venerable Nikon the Dry, of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 11; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated on January 28; Venerable Nikita of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on January 31; Venerable Prochorus of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 10; St Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel) the Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated on February 11; Icon of the Mother of God of Smolensk the Ã¢Â€ÂœSweet-KissingÃ¢Â€ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on March 19; Monkmartyr Eustratius of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on March 28; Icon of the Mother of God of Murom, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27 ; Uncovering of the relics of St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 30; Venerable Isaiah the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on May 15; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21; Venerable Agapitus the Unmercenary Physician of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on June 1 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1094-1115, Oleg 1, Father of all the Olgoviches, parted with Vladimir II over Chernigov
Russia, Kiev, 1113-1125, Oleg 1, Father of all the Olgoviches, parted with Vladimir II over Chernigov; Svyatoslavich (c. 1052-August 1115) was a Rurikid prince whose equivocal adventures ignited political unrest in Kievan Rus' at the turn of the 11th and 12th centuries. was a younger son of Sviatoslav Iaroslavich, Prince of Chernigov and his first wife, Killikiya.[1] He might have been either the second or the fourth among the four sons of Sviatoslav Iaroslavich by Killikiya, because their order of seniority is uncertain.[2] According to historian Martin Dimnik, Oleg was born around 1050.[1] Oleg was named after his grand uncle.[citation needed] His baptismal name was Michael.[3] Dimnik writes that "it is highly probable" that Oleg succeeded his brother, Gleb in Tmutarakan (fort controlling the straight between Black and Azov seas near Crimean P) after their father appointed the latter Prince of Novgorod in about 1068.[4] father and uncle, Vsevolod Iaroslavich made an alliance against their elder brother, Iziaslav Iaroslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev and dethroned him on 22 March 1073.[5][6] to Dimnik, Oleg received the Principality of Vladimir from his father who succeeded Iziaslav Iaroslavich in Kiev.[7] In short, Oleg and his cousin, Vladimir Monomach, ”son of Vsevolod Iaroslavich, ”became close friends.[8] writes in his Instruction that Oleg was the godfather of his eldest son, Mstislav.[8] two cousins together commanded the troops Oleg's father sent to assist Boleslav II of Poland in Bohemia in 1076, according to the Russian Primary Chronicle.[9] Sviatoslav Iaroslavich died in Kiev on 27 December 1077.[10][11] He was succeeded by his brother, Vsevolod Iaroslavich.[11] new grand prince seems to have confirmed Oleg's rule in Vladimir, because no source makes mention of a conflict between them.[11] However, the dethroned Iziaslav Iaroslavich(”Vsevolod's brother and Oleg's uncle) ”returned with Polish reinforcements.[12][13] and Vsevolod had a meeting where they reached an agreement: renounced of Kiev, but received Chernigov, the one-time domain of Oleg's father.[12][13] marched in Kiev on 15 July 1077, while Oleg "was with Vsevolod at Chernigov",[14] according to the Russian Primary Chronicle.[12] The chronicler's remark suggests that Oleg had by that time been forced to leave Vladimir.[15] to get along with his uncle, on 10 April 1077 Oleg fled to his brother Roman who reigned in Tmutarakan.[16][17] with his cousin, Boris Vyacheslavich, who had also settled in Tmutarakan, Oleg made an alliance with the Cumans and invaded Rus' in the summer of 1078.[18][19] routed their uncle, Vsevolod on the Sozh River and entered Chernigov on 25 August.[19] The Russian Primary Chronicle accuses Oleg and Boris of being the first to lead "the pagans to attack the land of Rus'".[20][21] Vladimir Monomach, in his Instruction, reveals that he and his father, Vsevolod had hired Cumans when attacking Polotsk in the previous year.[21] from Chernigov, Vsevolod fled to Kiev and sought assistance from his brother, Iziaslav.[19] united their forces and marched against Chernigov.[13][19] Oleg and Boris were not in the town when their uncles arrived, the citizens decided to resist.[22] was willing to start negotiations with his uncles, but Boris refused his proposal.[23] The decisive battle was fought "at a place near a village on the meadow of Nezhata"[24] on 3 October.[19] was defeated and escaped to Tmutarakan, where the Khazars had him imprisoned and sent in chains to Constantinople. emperor, who was a relative and ally of Vsevolod, exiled him to Rhodes. There he married a noble lady, Theophano Mouzalonissa, who bore him several children. years later, we again find him active in Tmutarakan, where he adopted the title "archon of Khazaria". 1094, he returned with the Kipchaks to Rus' and captured Chernihiv. There ensued a prolonged internecine struggle with his cousins Sviatopolk and Vladimir Monomakh. One of the most prominent princes of Kievan period who never attained the Kievan throne, he died on August 1, 1115 and was buried in Chernihiv. Tale of Igor's Campaign styles him Gorislavich, poetically deriving his patronymic from the Russian word for sorrow. His descendants, known as Olgovichi, were archrivals of Vladimir's descendants (known as Monomakhovichi) in their struggle for supremacy in Rus'. son was Igor II of Kiev. Kiev Rus King, 1113-1125, Vladimir Monomakh of Chernigov;

Russia, Kiev, 1095-1096, Cuman Chief Boniak Wars in Kiev, plundered Kiev K Caves, w Oleg, d Hungary
Kiev, 1095-1096, Cuman Chief Boniak Wars in Kiev; Venerable Nikon the Dry, of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 11 ; St Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel) the Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated on February 11; Monkmartyr Eustratius of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on March 28;

Russia, Kiev, 1095-1108, Venerable Nikita of the Kiev Far Caves, Bishop of Novgorod
Russia, Novgorod, 1095-1108, Venerable Nikita of the Kiev Far Caves, Bishop of Novgorod; Venerable Nikita of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on January 31; Uncovering of the relics of St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 30;

Russia, Kiev, 1100, 12th - 14th Century, Ukraine Folder, Novgorod Republic Time

Russia, Kiev, 1100-1199, 12th Century Folder, Monomashichi and Olgovichi

Russia, Kiev, 1094-1115, Oleg 1, Father of all the Olgoviches, parted with Vladimir II over Chernigov and Cumans
Russia, Kiev, 1113-1125, Oleg 1, Father of all the Olgoviches, parted with Vladimir II over Chernigov Kiev Rus King, 1113-1125, Vladimir Monomakh of Chernigov;

Russia, Kiev, 1113-1125, Vladimir II, Father of all the Monomashichi, parted with Oleg over Chernigov and Cumans
Kiev Rus King, 1113-1125, Vladimir Monomakh of Chernigov; II Monomakh (Christian name: Vasiliy, Vasyl, or Basileios) (26 May 1053 - 19 May 1125) reigned as Grand Prince of Kyivan Rus' from 1113 to 1125. He is considered a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church and is celebrated on May 6.[1] 1 Family 2 Reign 3 Marriages and children 4 See also 5 References 6 Sources 7 Further reading 8 External links was the son of Vsevolod I (married in 1046) by a relative of Byzantine emperor Constantine IX Monomachos, from whom Vladimir obtained his sobriquet.[2] Contemporary Byzantine naming practice allowed the adoption of a maternal surname if the mother's family was perceived to be of a more exalted origin than that of the father.[3] Testament of Vladimir Monomakh to Children, 1125. Lithography of 1836. his famous Instruction (also known as The Testament) to his own children, Monomakh mentions that he conducted 83 military campaigns and 19 times made peace with the Polovtsi. At first he waged war against the steppe jointly with his cousin Oleg, but after Vladimir was sent by his father to rule Chernigov and Oleg made peace with the Polovtsi to retake that city from him, they parted company. Since that time, Vladimir and Oleg were bitter enemies who would often engage in internecine wars. The enmity continued among their children and more distant posterity. 1094, his chief patrimony was the southern town of Pereyaslav, although he also controlled Rostov, Suzdal, and other northern provinces (see Principality of Pereyaslavl). In these lands he founded several towns, notably his namesake, Vladimir, the future capital of Russia. In order to unite the princes of Rus' in their struggle against the Great Steppe, Vladimir initiated three princely congresses, the most important being held at Lyubech in 1097 and Dolobsk in 1103. 1107 he defeated Boniak, a Cuman khan who led an invasion on Kievan Rus'. When Sviatopolk II died in 1113, the Kievan populace revolted and summoned Vladimir to the capital. The same year he entered Kiev to the great delight of the crowd and reigned there until his death in 1125. As may be seen from his Instruction, he promulgated a number of reforms in order to allay the social tensions in the capital. These years saw the last flowering of Ancient Rus, which was torn apart 10 years after his death. Monomakh is buried in the Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev. Succeeding generations often referred to his reign as the golden age of that city. Numerous legends are connected with Monomakh's name, including the transfer from Constantinople to Rus of such precious relics as the Theotokos of Vladimir and the Vladimir/Muscovite crown called Monomakh's Cap. Appearance of the Smolensk "œDirectress" Icon of the Mother of God brought from Constantinople, Commemorated on July 28; Venerable Anthony the Roman and Abbot of Novgorod, Commemorated on August 3; Venerable Alypius the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 17; Venerable Nectarius the Obedient of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 29; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; St Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel) the Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated on February 11; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Murom, Commemorated on April 12; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2; Venerable Agapitus the Unmercenary Physician of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on June 1 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1113-1125, Kiev Rus King, Vladimir II Monomakh of Chernigov and Vladimir, Byzantine E relative
Kiev Rus King, 1113-1125, Vladimir Monomakh of Chernigov; II Monomakh (Christian name: Vasiliy, Vasyl, or Basileios) (26 May 1053 - 19 May 1125) reigned as Grand Prince of Kyivan Rus' from 1113 to 1125. He is considered a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church and is celebrated on May 6.[1] 1 Family 2 Reign 3 Marriages and children 4 See also 5 References 6 Sources 7 Further reading 8 External links was the son of Vsevolod I (married in 1046) by a relative of Byzantine emperor Constantine IX Monomachos, from whom Vladimir obtained his sobriquet.[2] Contemporary Byzantine naming practice allowed the adoption of a maternal surname if the mother's family was perceived to be of a more exalted origin than that of the father.[3] Testament of Vladimir Monomakh to Children, 1125. Lithography of 1836. his famous Instruction (also known as The Testament) to his own children, Monomakh mentions that he conducted 83 military campaigns and 19 times made peace with the Polovtsi. At first he waged war against the steppe jointly with his cousin Oleg, but after Vladimir was sent by his father to rule Chernigov and Oleg made peace with the Polovtsi to retake that city from him, they parted company. Since that time, Vladimir and Oleg were bitter enemies who would often engage in internecine wars. The enmity continued among their children and more distant posterity. 1094, his chief patrimony was the southern town of Pereyaslav, although he also controlled Rostov, Suzdal, and other northern provinces (see Principality of Pereyaslavl). In these lands he founded several towns, notably his namesake, Vladimir, the future capital of Russia. In order to unite the princes of Rus' in their struggle against the Great Steppe, Vladimir initiated three princely congresses, the most important being held at Lyubech in 1097 and Dolobsk in 1103. 1107 he defeated Boniak, a Cuman khan who led an invasion on Kievan Rus'. When Sviatopolk II died in 1113, the Kievan populace revolted and summoned Vladimir to the capital. The same year he entered Kiev to the great delight of the crowd and reigned there until his death in 1125. As may be seen from his Instruction, he promulgated a number of reforms in order to allay the social tensions in the capital. These years saw the last flowering of Ancient Rus, which was torn apart 10 years after his death. Monomakh is buried in the Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev. Succeeding generations often referred to his reign as the golden age of that city. Numerous legends are connected with Monomakh's name, including the transfer from Constantinople to Rus of such precious relics as the Theotokos of Vladimir and the Vladimir/Muscovite crown called Monomakh's Cap. Appearance of the Smolensk "œDirectress" Icon of the Mother of God brought from Constantinople, Commemorated on July 28; Venerable Anthony the Roman and Abbot of Novgorod, Commemorated on August 3; Venerable Alypius the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 17; Venerable Nectarius the Obedient of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 29; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; St Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel) the Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated on February 11; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Murom, Commemorated on April 12; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2; Venerable Agapitus the Unmercenary Physician of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on June 1 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1115-1122, Kiev Rus Igumen, Daniel the Traveler, to Constntnpl, Cyprus, Holy Land
Kiev Rus Igumen, 1115-1122, Daniel the Traveler; 7 Holy Youths "œSeven Sleepers" of Ephesus, Commemorated on August 4; 7 Holy Youths "œSeven Sleepers "phesus, Commemorated on October 22; St Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel) the Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated on February 11;

Russia, Kiev, 1117-1138, K Rus King, Vsevolod of Pskov, Vsevolod-Gabriel, Mstislav's son, Monomahk' gson
Kiev Rus King, 1117-1138, Vsevolod of Pskov, Vsevolod-Gabriel ; Mstislavich, the patron saint of the city of Pskov, ruled as Prince of Novgorod in 1117–32, Prince of Pereslavl (1132) and Prince of Pskov in 1137–38. 1 Early life 2 Expulsion from Novgorod 3 Church-building and veneration 4 Marriage and children 5 Succession 6 References 7 External links life[edit] eldest son of Mstislav the Great and Christina Ingesdotter of Sweden, Vsevolod was born in Novgorod during his father's reign as prince there (1088–1093, 1095–1117) and given the baptismal name Gabriel, or Gavriil. His maternal grandfather was King Inge the Elder of Sweden. The date of his birth is unknown, although the idea has been advanced that the event was commemorated by the Annunciation Church in the Marketplace, founded by Mstislav in 1103.[1] was enthroned as Prince of Novgorod after his father Mstislav Vladimirovich became Grand Prince of Kiev in 1117 and ruled Novgorod, with some interruption, until he was ousted by the Novgorodians in 1136. He was married to a Chernigovian princess in Novgorod in 1123 and his son, Ivan, was born there (he died in 1128).[2] In 1123, Vsevolod led the Novgorodians against the Chud. These campaigns continued in 1130 and over the next several years.[3] Aside from Vladimir Yaroslavich, Vsevolod was the first Novgorodian prince known to have been in conflict with Finns (in 1123).[4] from Novgorod[edit] his father's death in 1132, support for him began to erode in Novgorod. That same year, he was sent by his uncle, Grand Prince Yaropolk, to Pereslavl, to reign there. When he tried to return to Novgorod later that year, the Novgorodians refused to accept him back because they considered his move to Pereslavl as a betrayal (He had sworn an oath to die in Novgorod). That being said, the chronicles indicate that he was back leading a Novgorodian army in 1133. It was during that campaign that Vsevolod captured the city of Yuryev (modern Tartu, Estonia).[5] 1134, Vsevolod led an unsuccessful campaign in Vladimir-Suzdal during which, according to the Novgorodians, he showed indecisiveness, one of the reasons for his dismissal a little over a year later. On 28 May 1136, he was confined in the Archbishop's courtyard (compound) in the Detinets along with his wife and family, guarded by thirty men so as not to escape. In mid-July he was allowed to leave, going to his uncle in Kiev.[6] The following year, he tried to come back to Novgorod at the head of an army but withdrew instead to Pskov, where he died in February 1138.[7] According to his own wishes, he was buried in the Church of St. Demetrius in Pskov. dismissal from Novgorod has traditionally been seen as the end of Kievan power in the north and the beginning of the Republic of Novgorod. After him a number of princes were invited in or dismissed over the next two centuries, although only a few, like Aleksandr Nevsky, could assert themselves in the city for a prolonged period. Church-building and veneration[edit] of Saint Nicholas, constructed by Vsevolod in Novgorod. addition to leading Novgorodian armies on several campaigns, Vsevolod built a number of churches in and around the city: the Church of St. John on Opoki (1127–1130),[8] the Church of St. George in the Market (1133), the Church of The Assumption in the Market (1133; built with Archbishop Nifont),[9] and the Church of St. George in the Yuriev Monastery.[10] It was Vsevolod who granted the charter to Ivan's Hundred, the first Russian merchant guild. In addition, the Cathedral of St. Nicholas in Yaroslav's Court, while often attributed to his father Mstislav, was mostly built during Vsevolod's tenure in Novgorod. comparatively early death prevented him from claiming the Kievan throne. He was survived by a daughter, Wierzchosława, the wife of Bolesław IV the Curly. The prince was canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church as Vsevolod-Gavriil. In the Stepennaya Kniga (the "Book of Degrees of Royal Genealogy"), he is listed as a Pskov Wonderworker.[11] His relics were moved from the Church of St. Demetrius to the Trinity Cathedral in the Pskov Kremlin in 1193. The Pskovians attached his name to a German sword with the inscription honorem meum nemini dabo, formerly preserved in the cathedral sacristy, but modern historians date the sword to the 15th century at the earliest. St Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel) the Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated on February 11; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1125, Smolensk begins to separate from Kiev, Mstislav's son Rostislav, Monomahk' gson
Kiev Rus King, 1125-1132, Mstislav I, The Great ; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1125-1132, Mstislav I, Monomakh, b churches, c warfare, Cumans Estons Vohly Chern, English gf Harold II
Kiev Rus King, 1125-1132, Mstislav I, The Great, Theodore ; I Vladimirovich the Great or Mstislav the Great (1076 - April 14, 1132) was the Grand Prince of Kiev (Kyiv, 1125-1132), the eldest son of Vladimir II Monomakh by Gytha of Wessex.[1] is figured prominently in the Norse Sagas under the name Harald, to allude to his grandfather, Harold II of England. Mstislav's Christian name was Theodore. Commemoration of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God and the deliverance of Moscow from the Invasion of Tamerlane, Commemorated on August 26; Venerable Onesiphorus the Confessor of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 9; St Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel) the Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated on February 11; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ; Greatmartyr and Healer Panteleimon, Commemorated on July 27; St Niphon the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 8;

Russia, Kiev, 1129, Kiev Saint, died 1129, Constantine of Murom, to spread Christianity there, Sviatoslav II's son
Kiev Saint, died 1129, Constantine of Murom; Icon of the Mother of God of Murom, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21;

Russia, Kiev, 1131, Vladimir Icon received from Constantinople by K Rus King, Mstislav I, Monomakh
Bogolyubov Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on June 18; the year 1131, an Icon was sent from Constantinople to the Holy Prince Mstislav (Theodore in Baptism, commemorated April 15) in Russia, and was placed in the Devichii monastery in Vyshgorod, the ancient appanage (land given by kings and princes to their younger children for their support) city of Saint Olga (July 11). Kiev Rus King, 1125-1132, Mstislav I, The Great ; I Vladimirovich the Great or Mstislav the Great (1076 - April 14, 1132) was the Grand Prince of Kiev (Kyiv, 1125-1132), the eldest son of Vladimir II Monomakh by Gytha of Wessex.[1] is figured prominently in the Norse Sagas under the name Harald, to allude to his grandfather, Harold II of England. Mstislav's Christian name was Theodore. Commemoration of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God and the deliverance of Moscow from the Invasion of Tamerlane, Commemorated on August 26; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1132-1139, K Rus King, Yaropolk II, Monomakh's son, always against the Cumans, Olegs and Yuri D
Kiev Rus King, 1132-1139, Yaropolk II ; Venerable Pimen the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 7; Venerable Spyridon the Prosphora-baker of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 31; Venerable Onesiphorus the Confessor of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 9; St Niphon the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 8;

Russia, Kiev, 1139, Viacheslav I, K GP, driven out by VII, M's son, Smolensk, Turov, Pereyaslavl, Peresopnytsia, Vyshgorod
Kiev Rus King, 1113-1154, Viacheslav I of Kiev, Vyacheslav Vladimirovich; Vladimirovich (1083 - 2 February 1154) was a Prince of Smolensk (1113-1125), Turov (1125-1132, 1134-1146), Pereyaslavl (1132-1134, 1142), Peresopnytsia (1146-1149), Vyshgorod (1149-1151) and Grand Prince of Kiev (Kyiv, 1139, 1151-1154). was a son of Vladimir Monomakh and Gytha of Wessex. 18 February 1139 he succeeded his brother Yaropolk II of Kiev as Grand Prince, but was driven out in March by Vsevolod II of Kiev. later ruled Kiev jointly with his nephew Iziaslav II of Kiev and died not long after Iziaslav in late 1154 or early 1155 and is buried in the St. Sophia Cathedral in Kiev. His only son, Michael Viacheslavovich, had predeceased him in 1129. Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1139-1146, Kiev Rus King, Vsevolod II, Oleg's son, two sons, but chose b Igor, a prince of Chernigov
Kiev Rus King, 1139-1146, Vsevolod II, Vsevolod Olegovich; II Olgovich (died August 1, 1146) was the Prince (Knyaz) of Chernigov (1127–1139) and Grand Prince (Velikiy Knyaz) of Kiev] (Kyiv, 1139–1146), son of Oleg Svyatoslavich, Prince of Chernigov. married Maria Mstislavna of Kiev, the daughter of Grand Duke Mstislav of Kiev. They had two sons and two daughters: III of Kiev II Vsevolodovich, born in 1139 Anna of Chernigov, married a prince of Halych, son of Vasylko Rostyslavych according to some chronicles of Chernigov, married Boleslaw I the Tall, Duke of Wroclaw he had two sons, Vsevolod's chosen successor was his brother, Igor, and he obtained pledges from his subjects to accept Igor as his heir. According to one account, Vsevolod even had the Kievans kiss the Holy Cross and swear loyalty to Igor, which they resented. Shortly before his death, Vsevolod became a monk under the name Gavriil. Venerable Pimen the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 7; Venerable Nicholas Sviatosha Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 14 ; Venerable Spyridon the Prosphora-baker of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 31; Venerable Onesiphorus the Confessor of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 9; Venerable Nectarius the Obedient of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 29; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; St Niphon the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 8; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ; Venerable Martin of Turov, Commemorated on June 27;

Russia, Kiev, 1146, K Rus King, Igor II, George, Olgovich, Oleg's son, chosen by his b, Chernigov, resistance to Olgovich in Kiev, overthrown, pit, monk, killed by mob
Kiev Rus King, 1146, Igor II Olgovich of Kiev; II Olgovich (Igor II Ol'govich in Russian; died September 19, 1147), Prince of Chernigov and Grand Prince of Kiev (Kyiv, 1146). Son of Oleg Svyatoslavich of Chernigov (modern Chernihiv). Saint - feast day: 5 June. was the chosen successor of his brother, Vsevolod II of Kiev. Though his brother had extracted promises of loyalty from his Kievan subjects, Igor and his family, the Olgovichi, were unpopular and there was resistance against his accession. chroniclers accused Igor of being dishonest, greedy, scheming, and violent. He had reigned less than two weeks before the Kievans invited his cousin and rival, Iziaslav Mstislavich, to be their prince. Reneging on a promise he had made not to seek power, Iziaslav attacked and defeated Igor and his brother Svyatoslav. escaped, but Igor got bogged down in some marshes and was unable to flee because of an infirmity in his legs. He was captured, and Iziaslav had him thrown into a pit. He languished in the pit until autumn 1146, when, desperately ill, he requested permission to become a monk. Iziaslav released him, but Igor was so weak he had to be carried from the pit and nearly died of illness. He became a monk at the monastery of St. Feodor in Kiev under the name Ignati. In 1147, a mob attacked Igor under the mistaken impression that he intended to usurp Iziaslav's throne. Iziaslav's brother, Vladimir, tried to rescue Igor, but the mob tore down a balcony on which Igor had sought sanctuary, and thus killed him. His body was dragged behind a cart and exhibited in a market before it could be salvaged by Vladimir. were alleged to have occurred around Igor's body, and he was proclaimed a saint-martyr. Eventually his remains were sent to Transfiguration Cathedral, Chernihiv. Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Gerasimus of Vologda, Commemorated on March 4; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Igor, Commemorated on June 5; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Russia, Kiev, 1146-1149, 1151-1154, Kiev Rus King, Iziaslav II of Kiev, Izyaslav Mstislavich, Panteleimon, Volhynian Momomakh
Kiev Rus King, 1146-1154, Iziaslav II of Kiev, Izyaslav Mstislavich; II Mstislavich (c. 1096[1] - 13 November 1154),[1] was the oldest son of Mstislav Vladimirovich (Prince of Novgorod) and Christina Ingesdotter of Sweden. He was baptized as Panteleimon.[1] Izyaslav is considered to be progenitor of the Monomakhovychi Volhynian branch (senior branch).[2] held following offices Prince of Pereyaslav (1132), Prince of Turov (1132–1134), Prince of Rostov (1134– ), Prince of Volhynia (1134–1142), Pereyaslavl (1143–1145), Velikiy Kniaz (Grand Prince) of Kiev (Kyiv, 1146–1149 and 1151–1154). Venerable Onesiphorus the Confessor of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 9; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Gerasimus of Vologda, Commemorated on March 4; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ; Greatmartyr and Healer Panteleimon, Commemorated on July 27; Icon of the Mother of God of Igor, Commemorated on June 5; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Russia, Kiev, 1147-1154, Clement of Smolensk, Kliment Smoliatich, chosen Metropolitan illegally by Russ, Not Constantinople
Russia, Kiev, 1147-1154, Clement of Smolensk, Kliment Smoliatich, chosen Metropolitan illegally by Russians, Not Constantinople ; Smolensk; Blessed Constantine, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Russia, Kiev, 1149-1151, 1155-1157, K Rus King, Yuri I Dolgorukiy, George, far reaching, Kiev to Suzdal, Yuri D
Kiev Rus King, 1149-1157, Yuri I Dolgorukiy ; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Gerasimus of Vologda, Commemorated on March 4; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ; St Niphon the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 8; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1150-1182, Saint Cyril of Turov, Belarus and Volhynia
Russia, Kiev, 1150-1182, Saint Cyril of Turov; St. Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28;

Russia, Kiev, 1151-1154, Viacheslav I, K GP, shared, M's son, Smolensk, Turov, Pereyaslavl, Peresopnytsia, Vyshgorod
Kiev Rus King, 1113-1154, Viacheslav I of Kiev, Vyacheslav Vladimirovich; Vladimirovich (1083 - 2 February 1154) was a Prince of Smolensk (1113-1125), Turov (1125-1132, 1134-1146), Pereyaslavl (1132-1134, 1142), Peresopnytsia (1146-1149), Vyshgorod (1149-1151) and Grand Prince of Kiev (Kyiv, 1139, 1151-1154). was a son of Vladimir Monomakh and Gytha of Wessex. 18 February 1139 he succeeded his brother Yaropolk II of Kiev as Grand Prince, but was driven out in March by Vsevolod II of Kiev. later ruled Kiev jointly with his nephew Iziaslav II of Kiev and died not long after Iziaslav in late 1154 or early 1155 and is buried in the St. Sophia Cathedral in Kiev. His only son, Michael Viacheslavovich, had predeceased him in 1129. Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1151-1154, 1146-1149, Kiev Rus King, Iziaslav II of Kiev, Izyaslav Mstislavich, Volhynian Momomakh, Panteleimon, Pereyaslav, Turov, Rostov,
Kiev Rus King, 1146-1154, Iziaslav II of Kiev, Izyaslav Mstislavich; II Mstislavich (c. 1096[1] - 13 November 1154),[1] was the oldest son of Mstislav Vladimirovich (Prince of Novgorod) and Christina Ingesdotter of Sweden. He was baptized as Panteleimon.[1] Izyaslav is considered to be progenitor of the Monomakhovychi Volhynian branch (senior branch).[2] held following offices Prince of Pereyaslav (1132), Prince of Turov (1132–1134), Prince of Rostov (1134– ), Prince of Volhynia (1134–1142), Pereyaslavl (1143–1145), Velikiy Kniaz (Grand Prince) of Kiev (Kyiv, 1146–1149 and 1151–1154). Venerable Onesiphorus the Confessor of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 9; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Gerasimus of Vologda, Commemorated on March 4; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ; Greatmartyr and Healer Panteleimon, Commemorated on July 27; Icon of the Mother of God of Igor, Commemorated on June 5; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Russia, Kiev, 1154-1164, K Rus King, Sviatoslav, Oleg's son, Igor's father, assisted by Yuri D, Novgorod, N Seversky, Belgorod K, Chernigov
Kiev Rus King, 1154-1164, Sviatoslav Olgovich; Olgovich (died February 14, 1164) was the Prince of Novgorod (1136-“1138); Novgorod-Seversky (1139); Belgorod Kievsky (1141-“1154); and Chernigov (1154-“1164). He was the son of Oleg Sviatoslavich, Prince of Chernigov with an unnamed daughter of Asaduk, Khan of Khumans. to Chernigov; Sviatoslav Olgovich in his deathbed, with his wife and sons.jpg the death of their older brother, Vsevolod II, Sviatoslav and his brother Igor were driven out of Kiev by Iziaslav Mstislavich. escaped, but Igor was captured and eventually killed in 1147. fled to Chernigov but was ordered to relinquish his city, Novgorod-Seversky, to his cousins, Iziaslav Davidovich and Vladimir Davidovich. the assistance of his ally, Yuri Dolgoruki, and his father-in-law, Aepa Khan, Sviatoslav began a war against his cousins, but was forced to flee to Karachev. There on January 16, 1147, Sviatoslav defeated the Davidovichi brothers St John the Archbishop and Wonderworker of Novgorod, Commemorated September 7 ; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Gerasimus of Vologda, Commemorated on March 4; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Russia, Kiev, 1154, 1159-1167, Kiev Rus King, Rostislav-Michael, Rostislav 1, Monomakh. invited to Novgored, left, ruled Kiev 1 week, Smolensk, Veliky Kraiz
Kiev Rus King, 1154-1157, Rostislav-Michael; Mstislavich (c. 1110-“1167), Kniaz' (Prince) of Smolensk (1125-“1160), Novgorod (1154) and Velikiy Kniaz (Grand Prince) of Kiev (Kyiv, 1154, 1159-“1167). He was the son of Mstislav I of Kiev and Christina Ingesdotter of Sweden. Yaroslav II of Kiev was driven out of Novgorod, Rostislav was invited to become the ruler of Novgorod. He accepted, and became the prince on April 17, 1154. Then, learning that Iziaslav II had died, Rostislav left Novgorod to take the Kievan throne. Indignant that their prince had abandoned them and angered that "he did not make order among them, but tore them more apart", the citizens of Novgorod drove out Rostislav's son, David, who was their governor. They replaced him with Mstislav Yurievich, the son of Yury Dolgoruky. ruled Kiev for one week before Iziaslav III of Kiev forced him to flee to Chernigov. left four sons, princes David Rostislavich of Novgorod, Mstislav Rostislavich of Smolensk, Roman I of Kiev and Rurik Rostislavich and two daughters Elena Rostislavna of Kiev-Smolensk (died 1204) and Agrafena Rostislavna (died 1237). Venerable John the Long-Suffering of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Venerable Polycarp the Archimandrite of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 24; Venerable Abramius the Archimandrite and Wonderworker of Smolensk, Commemorated on August 21; St John the Archbishop and Wonderworker of Novgorod, Commemorated September 7 ; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Gerasimus of Vologda, Commemorated on March 4; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ; St Niphon the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 8; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28; St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod and Recluse, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 14; Blessed Constantine the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Russia, Kiev, 1154-1171, K Rus King, Vladimir III Mstislavich, ties with pagan Hungary and Serbia
Kiev Rus King, 1154-1171, Vladimir III Mstislavich, Vladimir Mstislavich; Right-believing Great Prince Igor of Kiev and Chernigov, Commemorated on September 19;

Russia, Kiev, 1155, Vladimir Icon secretly moved to Vladimir by Prince Andrew Bogolyubsky
Bogolyubov Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on June 18; One night in the summer of 1155, Prince Andrew secretly removed the wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God from the Vyshgorod church without the blessing of his father, Prince George Dolgoruky, and started northward toward Suzdal'. Some sources say that his father bequeathed the Icon to Prince Andrew. Later, this Icon would be known as the Vladimir Icon (August 26, June 23, May 21). Tradition says it was one of the Icons painted by the Holy Evangelist Luke (October 18), or a copy made from the original. versts from Vladimir, the cart carrying the wonderworking Icon stopped and could not be moved from that spot. Prince Andrew asked the priest Nicholas, who accompanied him, to serve a Moleben before the Icon. For a long time Andrew prayed before the holy image with tears. Later, he went into his tent and continued his fervent prayers. The Most Holy Theotokos appeared to him holding a small scroll in her right hand, and said: "I do not wish you to take my Icon to Rostov, but to the city of Vladimir. Here, in this place (the site of her miraculous appearance), you shall build a stone church and a monastery in honor of my Nativity." the All-Holy Virgin lifted one hand toward Heaven, and received a blessing from Christ the Savior, and the vision ended. obedience to the will of the Mother of God, Prince Andrew built a stone church dedicated to her Nativity, as well as a monastery. After this, the Prince commissioned skilled iconographers to depict the All-Holy Virgin just as he had seen her in his vision: in full stature, with a scroll1 in her right hand, and her face turned toward the Savior in the upper right hand corner. When the church was completed, the Icon he had commissioned was placed inside, and June 18 was designated as the annual commemoration of the appearance of the Mother of God. The Icon depicting the appearance of the Most Holy Theotokos remained at Bogolyubov and was called the Bogolyubov Icon. Andrew named both the monastery and the city which sprang up around it Bogolyubov because as he himself said, "the Mother of God loves this place." The Prince also became known as Bogolyubsky ("the lover of God"). The Vladimir Icon remained in the convent until work was completed on the Dormition Cathedral at Vladimir, then it was solemly transferred to the cathedral. Bogolyubov Icon of the Mother of God has been glorified by countless miracles, and over the course of many centuries she has consoled the pious Christians of Russia, and has healed their infirmities. The fame of the miracles which took place before her Icon have inspired the faithful in many places to make copies of this holy Icon, some of which are also wonderworking. Moscow Bogolyubov Icon (1157) shows several saints gathered before the Theotokos: the Metropolitans of Moscow Peter, Alexis, Jonah, and Philip; The blessed Basil and Maxim, fools for Christ; Venerable Paraskeve; Saint Basil the Great; Saint Alexis the Man of God; Symeon, the kinsman of the Lord; the Apostle Peter; the monastic martyr Eudokia; and the Martyr Paraskeve. In some variants of the Icon the following Saints are also included: Saint Onouphrios, Venerable Mary of Egypt, Zosimas and Sabbatius, and the Great Martyrs Barbara and Katherine. 1771 an annual feast day was established in in honor of the Bogolyubov Icon to commemorate the deliverance of the city of Vladimir and the surrounding area from plague. As soon as the Icon was brought to Vladimir, the plague disappeared. It became customary to bring the Icon from Bogolyubovo to Vladimir on May 21. As many people as possible took turns in carrying the Icon at different times to and from Vladimir Province. The Icon stayed at Bogolyubovo Monastery, 10 versts from the city. In 1820, the inhabitants of the city of Vladimir adorned the Icon with an expensive riza. the Bolshevik Revolution, the Icon was customarily brought to the city of Vladimir on May 21, where it remained until July 16, when it was returned to the monastery. The scroll on the Icon reads: O Most Gracious Master, Lord Jesus Christ, my Son and my God, hear the prayer of Your Mother, for she is praying for the world. Kiev Rus King, 1125-1132, Mstislav I, The Great ; I Vladimirovich the Great or Mstislav the Great (1076 - April 14, 1132) was the Grand Prince of Kiev (Kyiv, 1125-1132), the eldest son of Vladimir II Monomakh by Gytha of Wessex.[1] is figured prominently in the Norse Sagas under the name Harald, to allude to his grandfather, Harold II of England. Mstislav's Christian name was Theodore. Commemoration of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God and the deliverance of Moscow from the Invasion of Tamerlane, Commemorated on August 26; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1155, Andrey Bogolyubsky, vision moved him from his Vyshgorod to Vladimir with his Vladimir Icon
Russia, Kiev, 1155, Andrey Bogolyubsky, vision moved him from his Vyshgorod to Vladimir with his Vladimir Icon night in the summer of 1155, Prince Andrew secretly removed the wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God from the Vyshgorod church without the blessing of his father, Prince George Dolgoruky, and started northward toward Suzdal'. Some sources say that his father bequeathed the Icon to Prince Andrew. Later, this Icon would be known as the Vladimir Icon (August 26, June 23, May 21). Tradition says it was one of the Icons painted by the Holy Evangelist Luke (October 18), or a copy made from the original. Vladimir Great Prince, 1157-1174, Andrey Bogolyubsky; I Yuryevich, commonly known under his sobriquet Andrei the Pious (c. 1111 - June 28, 1174), was Grand prince of Vladimir-Suzdal from 1157 until his death. His reign saw a complete decline of Kiev's rule over northeastern Rus, and the rise of Vladimir as the new capital city. Andrei was known in the West as Scythian Caesar, and is canonized as a saint in the Russian Orthodox Church.[1] 1 Life 2 See also 3 References 4 External links Prince Saint Andrei Bogolyubsky, by Viktor Vasnetsov was the son of Yuri Dolgoruki,[2] who proclaimed Andrei a prince in Vyshgorod (near Kiev). His mother was a Polovtsian (Cuman) princess, khan Aepa's/Ayepa's daughter. left Vyshgorod in 1155 and moved to Vladimir. After his father's death (1157), he became Knyaz (prince) of Vladimir, Rostov and Suzdal.[1] Bogolyubsky tried to unite Rus' lands under his authority. From 1159 he persistently struggled for submission of Novgorod to his authority and conducted a complex military and diplomatic game in South Rus. In 1162, Andrey Bogolyubsky sent an embassy to Constantinople, lobbying for a separate metropolitan see in Vladimir. In 1169 his troops sacked Kiev, devastating it as never before.[3][4] After plundering the city,[5] stealing much religious artwork, which included the Byzantine "Mother of God" icon.[6] Andrei appointed his brother Gleb as prince of Kiev, in an attempt to unify his lands with Kiev.[7] Following his brother's death in 1171, Andrei became embroiled in a two-year war to maintain control over Kiev, which ended in his defeat.[7] achieved the right to receive a tribute from the population of the Northern Dvina land. Becoming "ruler of all Suzdal land", Andrei Bogolyubsky transferred his capital to Vladimir, strengthened it and constructed the magnificent Assumption Cathedral,[2] the Church of the Intercession on the Nerl,[8] and other churches and monasteries. Under his leadership Vladimir was much enlarged, and fortifications were built around the city.[9] the same time the castle Bogolyubovo was built next to Vladimir, and was a favorite residence of his.[9] In fact he received his nickname "Bogolyubsky" in honor of this place. It was he who brought the Theotokos of Vladimir to the city whose name it now bears. During Andrei Bogolyubsky's reign the Vladimir-Suzdal principality attained significant power and was the strongest among the Rus' principalities.[citation needed] of princely authority and conflict with outstanding boyars was the cause of a plot against Andrei Bogolyubsky, as a result of which he was killed on the night of June 28 to June 29, 1174.[6] Twenty of his disgruntled retainers burst into his chambers and slew Andrei in his bed.[6] His silver-inlaid war axe can now be viewed at the State Historical Museum in Moscow. son, Yuri Bogolyubsky, was the first husband of Queen Tamar of Georgia. An ancient icon, Theotokos of Bogolyubovo, is associated with him.[citation needed] St John the Archbishop and Wonderworker of Novgorod, Commemorated on September 7; Icon of the Mother of God "Mirozh", Commemorated September 24 ; Commemoration of the Weeping Icon of the Mother of God of the Sign at Novgorod, Commemorated on November 27; Venerable Gerasimus of Vologda, Commemorated on March 4; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28; St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod and Recluse, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 14; Icon of the Mother of God œthe God Loving, Commemorated on June 18; Bogolyubov Icon of the Mother of God, one of the most ancient wonderworking icons of Russia, was painted in the twelfth century at the request of Prince Andrew Bogolyubsky (July 4), to commemorate the appearance of the Mother of God to him. Painted on cypress wood, the Icon is remarkable because of its large size. the year 1131, an Icon was sent from Constantinople to the Holy Prince Mstislav (Theodore in Baptism, commemorated April 15) in Russia, and was placed in the Devichii monastery in Vyshgorod, the ancient appanage (land given by kings and princes to their younger children for their support) city of Saint Olga (July 11). night in the summer of 1155, Prince Andrew secretly removed the wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God from the Vyshgorod church without the blessing of his father, Prince George Dolgoruky, and started northward toward Suzdal'. Some sources say that his father bequeathed the Icon to Prince Andrew. Later, this Icon would be known as the Vladimir Icon (August 26, June 23, May 21). Tradition says it was one of the Icons painted by the Holy Evangelist Luke (October 18), or a copy made from the original. versts from Vladimir, the cart carrying the wonderworking Icon stopped and could not be moved from that spot. Prince Andrew asked the priest Nicholas, who accompanied him, to serve a Moleben before the Icon. For a long time Andrew prayed before the holy image with tears. Later, he went into his tent and continued his fervent prayers. The Most Holy Theotokos appeared to him holding a small scroll in her right hand, and said: "I do not wish you to take my Icon to Rostov, but to the city of Vladimir. Here, in this place (the site of her miraculous appearance), you shall build a stone church and a monastery in honor of my Nativity." the All-Holy Virgin lifted one hand toward Heaven, and received a blessing from Christ the Savior, and the vision ended. obedience to the will of the Mother of God, Prince Andrew built a stone church dedicated to her Nativity, as well as a monastery. After this, the Prince commissioned skilled iconographers to depict the All-Holy Virgin just as he had seen her in his vision: in full stature, with a scroll1 in her right hand, and her face turned toward the Savior in the upper right hand corner. When the church was completed, the Icon he had commissioned was placed inside, and June 18 was designated as the annual commemoration of the appearance of the Mother of God. The Icon depicting the appearance of the Most Holy Theotokos remained at Bogolyubov and was called the Bogolyubov Icon. Andrew named both the monastery and the city which sprang up around it Bogolyubov because as he himself said, "the Mother of God loves this place." The Prince also became known as Bogolyubsky ("the lover of God"). The Vladimir Icon remained in the convent until work was completed on the Dormition Cathedral at Vladimir, then it was solemly transferred to the cathedral. Bogolyubov Icon of the Mother of God has been glorified by countless miracles, and over the course of many centuries she has consoled the pious Christians of Russia, and has healed their infirmities. The fame of the miracles which took place before her Icon have inspired the faithful in many places to make copies of this holy Icon, some of which are also wonderworking. Moscow Bogolyubov Icon (1157) shows several saints gathered before the Theotokos: the Metropolitans of Moscow Peter, Alexis, Jonah, and Philip; The blessed Basil and Maxim, fools for Christ; Venerable Paraskeve; Saint Basil the Great; Saint Alexis the Man of God; Symeon, the kinsman of the Lord; the Apostle Peter; the monastic martyr Eudokia; and the Martyr Paraskeve. In some variants of the Icon the following Saints are also included: Saint Onouphrios, Venerable Mary of Egypt, Zosimas and Sabbatius, and the Great Martyrs Barbara and Katherine. 1771 an annual feast day was established in in honor of the Bogolyubov Icon to commemorate the deliverance of the city of Vladimir and the surrounding area from plague. As soon as the Icon was brought to Vladimir, the plague disappeared. It became customary to bring the Icon from Bogolyubovo to Vladimir on May 21. As many people as possible took turns in carrying the Icon at different times to and from Vladimir Province. The Icon stayed at Bogolyubovo Monastery, 10 versts from the city. In 1820, the inhabitants of the city of Vladimir adorned the Icon with an expensive riza. the Bolshevik Revolution, the Icon was customarily brought to the city of Vladimir on May 21, where it remained until July 16, when it was returned to the monastery. The scroll on the Icon reads: O Most Gracious Master, Lord Jesus Christ, my Son and my God, hear the prayer of Your Mother, for she is praying for the world. Burial of St Andrew the Prince, Commemorated on July 4 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1157-1174, G Prince, Andrey Bogolyubsky, strong, tried to unite w Kiev and Novgorod, N Dvina, killed
Vladimir Great Prince, 1157-1174, Andrey Bogolyubsky; St John the Archbishop and Wonderworker of Novgorod, Commemorated on September 7; Icon of the Mother of God "Mirozh", Commemorated September 24 ; Commemoration of the Weeping Icon of the Mother of God œof the Sign at Novgorod, Commemorated on November 27; Venerable Gerasimus of Vologda, Commemorated on March 4; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28; St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod and Recluse, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 14; Icon of the Mother of God œthe God Loving, Commemorated on June 18; Burial of St Andrew the Prince, Commemorated on July 4 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1159-1167, 1154, Kiev Rus King, Rostislav-Michael, Rostislav 1, Monomakh. invited to Novgored, left, ruled Kiev 1 week, Smolensk, Veliky Kraiz
Kiev Rus King, 1154-1157, Rostislav-Michael; Mstislavich (c. 1110-“1167), Kniaz' (Prince) of Smolensk (1125-“1160), Novgorod (1154) and Velikiy Kniaz (Grand Prince) of Kiev (Kyiv, 1154, 1159-“1167). He was the son of Mstislav I of Kiev and Christina Ingesdotter of Sweden. Yaroslav II of Kiev was driven out of Novgorod, Rostislav was invited to become the ruler of Novgorod. He accepted, and became the prince on April 17, 1154. Then, learning that Iziaslav II had died, Rostislav left Novgorod to take the Kievan throne. Indignant that their prince had abandoned them and angered that "he did not make order among them, but tore them more apart", the citizens of Novgorod drove out Rostislav's son, David, who was their governor. They replaced him with Mstislav Yurievich, the son of Yury Dolgoruky. ruled Kiev for one week before Iziaslav III of Kiev forced him to flee to Chernigov. left four sons, princes David Rostislavich of Novgorod, Mstislav Rostislavich of Smolensk, Roman I of Kiev and Rurik Rostislavich and two daughters Elena Rostislavna of Kiev-Smolensk (died 1204) and Agrafena Rostislavna (died 1237). Venerable John the Long-Suffering of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Venerable Polycarp the Archimandrite of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 24; Venerable Abramius the Archimandrite and Wonderworker of Smolensk, Commemorated on August 21; St John the Archbishop and Wonderworker of Novgorod, Commemorated September 7 ; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Gerasimus of Vologda, Commemorated on March 4; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ; St Niphon the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 8; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28; St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod and Recluse, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 14; Blessed Constantine the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Russia, Kiev, 1167-1170, K Rus King, Mstislav II, Michael Izyaslavich, wars w Yuri D, fled to Poland, killed Yuri at Vohly
Kiev Rus King, 1167-1170, Mstislav II ; Venerable Arethus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Commemoration of the Weeping Icon of the Mother of God œof the Sign at Novgorod, Commemorated on November 27; Venerable Athanasius œthe Resurrected One, Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 2; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28;

Russia, Kiev, 1171-1177, K Rus King, Roman I (Smolensk, Rosislav's son Mstislav's gson Monomahk' ggson)
Kiev Rus King, 1171-1177, Roman I of Kiev (Roman Rostislavich (+ 1170) ; Venerable Abramius the Archimandrite and Wonderworker of Smolensk, Commemorated on August 21; Venerable Arethus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Commemoration of the Weeping Icon of the Mother of God œof the Sign at Novgorod, Commemorated on November 27; Venerable Athanasius œthe Resurrected One, Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 2; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1173-1210, K Rus King, Rurik Rostislavich, Oleg's grandson, w Cumans
Kiev Rus King, 1173-1210, Rurik Rostislavich; Venerable Pambo the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Martyr Florus of Illyria, Commemorated on August 18; Venerable Arethus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Venerable Sisoes the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Venerable Theophilus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Venerable Athanasius œthe Resurrected One, Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 2; Venerable Anthony of Dymsk, Novgorod, Commemorated on January 17; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Gerontius the Canonarch of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 1; Venerable Alexius the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28;

Russia, Kiev, 1176-1198, Rus Prince and Saint, Yaroslav II, Vsevolod II's son, Oleg's gson, Cherginov
Kiev Rus Prince and Saint, 1176-1198, Yaroslav II Vsevolodovich (Vasily); Venerable Arethus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Venerable Theophilus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Venerable Anthony of Dymsk, Novgorod, Commemorated on January 17; Monkmartyr Anastasius the Deacon of the Kiev Near Caves Commemorated on January 22; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ; Right-believing Prince Basil of Yaroslavl, Commemorated on July 3;

Russia, Kiev, 1177-1212, K Rus King, Vsevolod III, the Big Nest, Yuri D's 11th son, long reign in Vladimir, m Georgian
Kiev Rus King, 1173, Vsevolod III, the Big Nest; Venerable Abramius the Archimandrite of Rostov, Commemorated on October 29; Commemoration of the Weeping Icon of the Mother of God œof the Sign at Novgorod, Commemorated on November 27; Venerable Anthony of Dymsk, Novgorod, Commemorated on January 17; Monkmartyr Anastasius the Deacon of the Kiev Near Caves Commemorated on January 22; St Ignatius, Wonderworker and Bishop of Smolensk, Commemorated on January 29; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated on January 29; Venerable Erasmus of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 24; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Gerontius the Canonarch of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 1; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1200-1299, 13th Century Folder, Mongol Yoke begins , Alexander Nevsky, Theodore the Black

Russia, Kiev, 1210-1238, K Rus King, Yuri II of Vladimir, St George, d at Sit River, family d at V
Kiev Rus King, 1210-1238, Yuri II of Vladimi; Venerable Arethus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Venerable Sisoes the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Venerable Theophilus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Venerable Mardarius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on December 13; Venerable Anthony of Dymsk, Novgorod, Commemorated on January 17; Venerable Erasmus of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 24; Venerable Gerontius the Canonarch of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 1;

Russia, Kiev, 1219-1246, Michael of Chernigov, Oleg's gggson, promoted t, t routes K and Vohl, first O Martyr
Russia, Kiev, 1219-1246, Michael of Chernigov, Mikhail Vsevolodovich; Chernigov; Martyr and Confessor Michael the Wonderworker of Chernigov, Commemorated September 20 ; Venerable Euphrosyne of Suzdal, Commemorated on September 25; Translation of the relics of the Martyr Michael of Chernigov, Commemorated February 14 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1223, Ukraine, Battle of the Kalka River 1223, decisive Mongol v
Battle of the Kalka River; Mongol-Tatar invasions 1223-1778; Venerable Pambo the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Venerable Abramius the Archimandrite and Wonderworker of Smolensk, Commemorated August 21 ; Right-believing Prince Basil (Vasilko) of Rostov, Commemorated on March 4;

Russia, Kiev, 1223, Battle of Kalka River, at Mariupol, decisive Mongol v
Battle of Kalka River at Mariupol; Mongol Tartar Invasion 1223-1241; Venerable Pambo the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Venerable Abramius the Archimandrite and Wonderworker of Smolensk, Commemorated August 21 ; Icon of the Mother of God Ã¢Â€Âœof the SignÃ¢Â€ÂÂÂÂ, the Ã¢Â€ÂœKursk-RootÃ¢Â€ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on September 8;

Russia, Kiev, 1223-1240, Mongol (Tartar) invasion of Rus 1223-1240, Kiev
Mongol (Tartar) invasion of Rus 1223-1240; Princess Anna Vsevolodna, Commemorated on November 3 ; Venerable Silvanus the Schemamonk, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 10;

Russia, Kiev, 1225-1246, Michael of Chernigov, cured, promoted t, t routes K and Vohl, f Oleg, Martyr
Novgorod, 1225-1246, Saint Michael of Chernigov; Martyr and Confessor Michael the Wonderworker of Chernigov, Commemorated on September 20 ; St Oleg the Prince of Briansk, Commemorated on September 20 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1230-1262, K Rus King, Rostislav Mikhailovich, Rostislav III of Kiev, m Hun king's d
Kiev Rus King, 1230-1262, Rostislav Mikhailovich, Rostislav III of Kiev; St Theodore the Prince of Smolensk and Yaroslav, Commemorated on September 19;

Russia, Kiev, 1236-1243, Michael of Chernigov, focus on trade w Poland through Kiev and Vohly G
Kiev, 1236-1243, Kiev Rus King, Saint, Michael of Chernigov ; Venerable Polycarp of Briansk, Commemorated on February 23;

Russia, Kiev, 1238-1252, K Rus King, Sviatoslav III of Vladimir, short uneventful reign, visited GH
Kiev Rus King, 1238-1252, Sviatoslav III of Vladimir; Translation of the relics of Venerable St John the Abbot of Rila in Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 19; Venerable Sisoes the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Venerable Mardarius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on December 13; Venerable Gerontius the Canonarch of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 1;

Russia, Kiev, 1240-1263, K Rus Prince, Alexander Nevsky, battles Neva and Ice, Politician, Mongol friend
Kiev Rus Prince, 1240-1263, Alexander Nevsky Venerable Pambo the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 18; St Eupraxia, Princess of Pskov, Commemorated October 16; Translation of the relics of Venerable St John the Abbot of Rila in Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 19; Venerable Sisoes the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24; Repose of St Alexander Nevsky, Commemorated on November 23; St Maximus, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on December 6; Venerable Mardarius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on December 13; Icon of the Mother of God of Saint Theodore, Commemorated on March 14 Theodore—Kostroma Icon of the Mother of God was painted by the Evangelist Luke and resembles the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God. icon received its name from Great Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich (+ 1246), the father of Saint Alexander Nevsky, and who in holy Baptism was named Theodore in honor of Saint Theodore Stratelates (February 8). to Tradition, the icon was found by his elder brother, Saint George (February 4), in an old wooden chapel near the city of Gorodets. Later, the Gorodetsk Theodorov monastery was built on this spot. Prince Yaroslav-Theodore became the Great Prince of Vladimir after his brother Saint George perished in battle with the Mongols at the Sita River. In the year 1239, he solemnly transferred the relics of his brother from Rostov to the Vladimir Dormition cathedral. He gave the icon which he inherited from his brother to his own son, Saint Alexander Nevsky. is renowned in Russian history. He continued with the glorious traditions of his uncle Saint Andrew Bogoliubsky (July 4), and of his father Vsevolod III Big-Nest, and he was connected to almost all of the significant events in the history of Rus in the first half of the thirteenth century. was burned and torn apart by the Mongols in 1237-1238. He raised it up from the ashes, rebuilt and embellished the cities, the holy monasteries and the churches. He restored cities along the Volga devastated by the enemy: Kashin, Uglich, Yaroslavl’, Kostroma, Gorodets. founded he church of Theodore Stratelates at Kostroma and the Theodorov monastery near Gorodets in honor of his patron saint. For eight years he ruled as Great Prince, but he had to guide the land through a singularly difficult path, maintaining a military-political balance with the Golden Horde to the East, while mounting an active opposition to Catholic Europe in the West. His closest companion was his son, Saint Alexander Nevsky, who also continued his policies. wonderworking Theodore Icon of the Mother of God was constantly with Saint Alexander, and he prayed before it. After Saint Alexander Nevsky died on November 14, 1263 at the monastery founded by his father, the icon was taken by his younger brother Basil. Yaroslavich was the youngest (eighth) son of Yaroslav Vsevolodovich. In 1246 after the death of his father (Prince Yaroslav was poisoned in the capital city of Mongolia, Karakorum when he was only five years old) Basil became prince of the Kostroma appanage-holding, the least important of his father’s domains. In the year 1272, he became Great Prince of Vladimir. four years as Great Prince (1272-1276) were filled with fratricidal princely quarrels. For several years he waged war against Novgorod with an unruly nephew Demetrius. In becoming Great Prince, however, Basil did not journey to Vladimir, but remained under the protection of the wonderworking icon at Kostroma, regarding this place as safer in case of new outbreaks of strife. had occasion also to defend Rus against external enemies. In 1272, during a Tatar incursion, a Russian army came forth from Kostroma to engage them. Following the example of his grandfather, Saint Andrew Bogoliubsky (who took the wonderworking Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God with him on military campaigns), Prince Basil went into battle with the wonderworking Theodore Icon. A blinding light came forth from the holy image, and the Tatars dispersed and fled from the Russian land. Chronicles say that the Great Prince Basil had a special love for the Church and the clergy. After the martyric death of Bishop Metrophanes of Vladimir during the storming of Vladimir by Tatars on February 4, 1238, the Vladimir diocese had remained widowed for many years. This grieved Great Prince Basil. With his help, a large cathedral was constructed in Vladimir in 1274. This was apparently in connection with the consecration of Saint Serapion (July 12) as Bishop of Vladimir. He was an igumen from the Monastery of the Caves. Cyril III (+ 1282) presided over a council of Russian hierarchs. This was the first council in the Russian Church since the time of the Mongol invasion. Many problems and disorders had arisen in Church life, but the Russian Church was just barely beginning to recover from the woe that had befallen it. One of its main tasks was to recover a Russian churchly literacy, and the restoration of the tradition of the ancient Russian “princely order.” books the Church’s salvific activity would be almost impossible. Books were needed for church services, and for preaching, for the monastic cell rule, and for believers to read at home. Through the efforts of Metropolitan Cyril and the Russian bishops and monastic scholars, this important task was begun. The council approved new editions of essential books which formed the canonical basis of Orthodox church life. 1276, Prince Basil completed his life’s journey. Most of the important events in his life occured with the blessing of the Theodore Icon of the Mother of God. He died at Kostroma, and there he also found his final resting place. Since that time, the holy icon has been in the Kostroma cathedral of Saint Theodore Stratelates. interest in the Theodore Icon of the Mother of God and the spread of its veneration throughout all Russia is connected with events of the beginning of the seventeenth century, and the end of the Time of Troubles. In the year 1613, the wonderworking Theodore Icon from the Kostroma cathedral was used at the proclamation of Michael Romanov as the new Tsar. In memory of this historic event, March 14 was designated for the commemoration of the Theodore Icon of the Mother of God. copies were made from the Kostroma Theodore Icon, and one of the first was commissioned and brought to Moscow by Tsar Michael’s mother, the nun Martha. From the second half of the seventeenth century, various copies of the Theodore Icon were enlarged with scenes depicting events from the history of the wonderworking icon. the year 1670 the hierodeacon Longinus from the Kostroma Hypatiev monastery wrote the “Narrative concerning the Manifestations and Miracles of the Theodore Icon of the Mother of God in Kostroma.” Not all the things contained in it agree with things previously stated. Theodore Icon is two-sided. On the reverse side is the image of the holy Great Martyr Paraskeva, depicted in the splendid attire of a princess. It is believed that the image of Paraskeva on the reverse of the icon is connected with the wife of Saint Alexander Nevsky. Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos of Saint Theodore is also commemorated on August 16. Venerable Gerontius the Canonarch of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 1;

Russia, Kiev, 1246-1288, Prince, Roman of Chernigov, and Bryansk, to GH, cured by Icon
Kiev Prince, 1246-1288, Roman of Chernigov; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on August 17; St Maximus, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on December 6; Venerable Gerontius the Canonarch of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 1; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on May 3 ; Venerable Silvanus the Schemamonk, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 10;

Russia, Kiev, 1250-1298, Saint Theodore the Black, Prince of Smolensk, bored, went to Sarai, prominence in H
Kiev, 1250-1298, Saint Theodore the Balck; St Theodore the Prince of Smolensk and Yaroslav, Commemorated on September 19;

Russia, Kiev, 1259, Kursk Root Icon of the Mother of God Sept 8, 1259
Kursk Root Icon of the Mother of God œOf the Sign Sept 8, 1259; Golden Horde, Horde of Batu; Icon of the Mother of God œKursk-Root, Commemorated on November 27 ; Repose of the Venerable Seraphim the Wonderworker of Sarov, Commemorated January 2 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1275, Mongol Tartar Invasion of Rus, 1223-1241, up at Kursk in 1275
Mongol Tartar Invasion 1223 - 1241; Venerable Pambo the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Icon of the Mother of God œof the SignœKursk-Root, Commemorated on September 8; Icon of the Mother of God Kursk Root œof the Sign, Commemorated on March 8;

Russia, Kiev, 1283-1303, P Daniel of Moscow, Nevsky's 4th, yngst s, Churches and Ms, first victory over Ts, unified rus
Russia, Moscow, 1283-1303, Prince Daniel of Moscow; father died when he was only two years old. Of his father's patrimonies, he received the least valuable, Moscow.[1] Aleksandrovich (1261-“ 4 March 1303) was the youngest son of Alexander Nevsky and forefather of all the Grand Dukes of father died when he was only two years old. Of his father's patrimonies, he received the least valuable, Moscow.[1] When he was a child, the tiny principality was being governed by tiuns (deputies), appointed by his paternal uncle, Grand Prince Yaroslav has been credited with founding the first Moscow monasteries, namely the Lord's Epiphany, and The Danilov Monestery (Saint Daniel Monestery): named in his honor, situated on the right bank of the Moskva River at a distance of 5 miles from the Moscow Kremlin, and founded, by Daniel, as the first monastery wooden church of St. Daniel-Stylite no later than also built the first stone church in the Moscow Kremlin in the 1280s, dedicated to the Great Martyr took part in his brothers (”Dmitri of Pereslavl and Andrey of Gorodets) ”struggle for the right to govern Vladimir and Novgorod, respectively. After Dmitry's death in 1294, Daniel made an alliance with Mikhail of Tver and Ivan of Pereslavl against Andrey of Gorodets of Novgorod. participation in the struggle for Novgorod in 1296 indicated Moscow's increasing political influence. Constantine, the prince of Ryazan, tried to capture the Moscow lands with the help of a Mongol force. Prince Daniel defeated it near Pereslavl. This was a first victory over the Tatars, though not a tremendous victory, but it was noteworthy as a first push towards freedom.[2] 1300, he went to Ryazan with an army and imprisoned the ruler of the Ryazan Principality "by some ruse", as the chronicle says, and destroyed a multitude of Tatars. To secure his release, the prisoner ceded to Daniel his fortress of Kolomna. It was an important acquisition, as now Daniel controlled all the length of the Moskva River. 1302 his childless nephew and ally, Ivan of Pereslavl, bequeathed to Daniel all his lands, including Pereslavl-Zalessky.[2] the Mongol occupation and internecine wars among the Rus' princes, Daniel created peace in Moscow without bloodshed. 30 years of ruling Daniel participated in battles only once.[1] According to legend, Daniel was popular and respected by his subjects for his meekness, humility and peacefulness. Right-believing Prince Daniel of Moscow, Commemorated on March 4; the time of Great Prince Ivan III (1462-1505), Saint Daniel gave reminders of himself to his forgetful descendents. He appeared as a stranger to a youth who attended the Great Prince and said: Don’t be afraid of me. I was a Christian and the master of this place, my name is Daniel Prince of Moscow, and by the will of God I am here. Tell Great Prince John about me saying: you are enjoying yourself while you have forgotten me, but God has not forgotten me. this, the Great Prince ordered panikhidas for his ancestral princes to be sung in the cathedral. During the time of Tsar Ivan the Terrible, the dying son of a barge merchant was healed at the grave of Saint Daniel. The Tsar, struck by the miracle, renovated the ancient Danilov monastery and established a yearly church procession. The Metropolitan led the way to the the holy prince’s tomb, and served a panikhida there. 1652 holy Prince Daniel was glorified by the uncovering of his incorrupt relics, which were transferred on August 30 to the church dedicated to the Holy Fathers of the Seventh Ecumenical Council. holy relics were placed in a reliquary “to the glory of the Holy Trinity and for the healing of the infirm. Metropolitan Platon of Moscow (+ 1812), in the Life of the holy prince which he compiled, writes: “The founder laid the foundation of Moscow’s grandeur, modestly making only a small path to it. Just as any edifice, which is not built with excessive haste, but rather with great artistry and skill, receives a particular firmness and stands indestructible for a long time; like a tall tree that grows for many centuries after beginning as a small sapling, then slowly becomes sturdier, with its branches spreading about far around, so this city was to grow from small, but firm beginnings, so that its first sparkle would not bedazzle the eyes of the envious, and so it would not be shaken or felled early on, before it had attained its full height. Thus did this founder prepare the great city given him, giving it a modest but steady radiance, undisturbed by any gusts of the wind. He left the great glory of its rise to his son Great Prince John, called Kalita.

Russia, Kiev, 1285-1305, Patriarch Maximus, Metropolitan of all Rus
Vladimir, 1285-1305, Patriarch Maximus, Metropolitan of all Rus; Repose of St Peter the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21; Icon of the Mother of God of St. Maximus, Commemorated on April 18;

Russia, Kiev, 1288, appearance of Sven Icon in Briansk
Russia, Kiev, 1288, appearance of Sven Icon in Briansk ; Sven Icon of the Mother of God of the Caves has two festal celebrations: May 3 (the day of the reopse of Saint Theodosius of the Caves), and August 17 (the day of the repose of Saint Alypius), who painted the icon. The August 17 celebration was established in the year 1815 in thanksgiving for the deliverance of the city of Briansk (around which the icon appeared in 1288) from invasion during the 1812 Napoleonic War. Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on August 17;

Russia, Kiev, 1299, Appearance of Maximas Icon, Patriarch Maximus, Metropolitan of all Rus
Icon of the Mother of God of St. Maximus, Commemorated on April 18; Saint Maximus Icon is in the cathedral church of the city of Vladimir. Metropolitan Maximus (December 6), a Greek by birth, painted the Icon in 1299, as he was told to do in a vision while he slept in his cell. When St. Maximus arrived in Vladimir from Kiev, the Mother of God appeared to him in a dream and gave him an omophorion saying, "My servant Maximus, it is good that you have come to visit my city. Take this omophorion and shepherd the rational flock of my city." he awoke, he found he was holding an omophorion. The appearance of the Mother of God was regarded as a sign of approval for the transfer of the metropolitan See from Kiev to Vladimir. description of this vision was inscribed on the left side of his crypt. The Mother of God is shown in full stature, holding the Divine Child on her left arm. With her right hand, she offers the omophorion to Saint Maximus, who is standing on a pillar. The contrast in the size of their figures is meant to show the difference in their spiritual states. A variant Icon depicts Saint Maximus kneeling at the feet of the Theotokos. a golden coffer was made, and the omophorion was placed inside. This omophorion was kept in the Vladimir cathedral as a relic for 112 years. It was hidden by the cathedral’s doorkeeper Patrick in 1412 during an invasion by the Tartars, Patrick was killed when he refused to show them where the cathedral's treasures were hidden. The coffer has not yet been found. Icon, which measures five feet by two and a half feet, has been glorified by many miracles. Vladimir, 1285-1305, Patriarch Maximus, Metropolitan of all Rus; Repose of St Peter the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21;

Russia, Kiev, 1300-1399, 14th Century Folder, Orthodox Golden Horde by Theodore the Black

Russia, Kiev, 1308-1325, Patriarch Peter of Moscow
Kiev Patriarch, 1308-1325, Peter of Moscow; Icon of the Mother of God of St Peter of Moscow, Commemorated on August 24; Translation of the relics of St Peter the Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, Commemorated on August 24; St Athanasius the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on October 24 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1320, Battle of Irpen River, Lithuania over Kiev
Russia, Kiev, 1320, Battle of Irpen River, Lithuania over Kiev; Venerable Mercurius the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on November 24;

Russia, Kiev, 1327-1352, Patriarch, Theognostus of Kiev and All Russia
Moscow Patriarch, 1327-1352, Theognostus of Kiev and All Russia; St Theognostus the Metropolitan of Kiev and All Russia, Commemorated on March 14; Venerable Micah the Disciple of the Venerable Sergius of Radonezh, Commemorated on May 6 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1334-1362, Fiodor of Kiev, a Lithuanian tax collector for the Horde
Russia, Kiev, 1334-1362, K Rus King, Fiodor of Kiev, a Lithuanian tax collector for the Horde; Venerable Mercurius the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on November 24;

Russia, Kiev, 1334-1392, Demetrius the Wonderworker of Priluki, Pereyaslavl, Poltava, Ukraine (Udai River 1)
Russia, Moscow, 1334-1392, Demetrius the Wonderworker of Priluki, Pereyaslavl, Poltava, Ukraine (Udai River 1) ; of Priluki Prilutsky by iconographer Dionisius holy, God-bearing Father Dimitri of Priluki, also Demetrius of Priluki, was a Russian monastic and Wonderworker of the fourteenth century who pioneered monastic life into the Russian North and founded the Nikolsky Monastery, now the Spaso-Prilutsky Monastery in Pereslavl-Zalessky. A disciple of St. Sergius of Radonezh, he is commemorated on February 11. is known of the early life of St. Dimitri. He was born into a rich merchant's family in Pereyaslavl-Zalessk in present day Yaroslavl Oblast and entered early on a religious life. He was tonsured a monk at one of the monasteries in Pereyaslavl. Later, he founded the cenobitic monastery of St. Nicholas near the city on Ss. Boris and Gleb Hill on the shore of Lake Plescheevo. He became its hegumen. 1334, Dimitri met St. Sergius of Radonezh who had come to Pereyaslavl to visit the local hierarch, Metropolitan Athanasius. From this meeting a close friendship grew as they would often conversed with each other. The holiness of hegumen Dimitri spread widely. He became the godfather to the children of Grand Prince Dmitri Ioannovich. As he became more famous, and encouraged by St. Sergius, Demetrius looked to a more isolated life and decided to move to a remote place. his disciple Pachomius, he traveled north to a spot near Avnezh at the Obnora River in the Vologda forests. There they built a church dedicated to the Resurrection of Christ and prepared to lay the foundations for a monastery. The local inhabitants, however, fearful that their village would become monastery property if a monastery were built there, demanded that the monks leave their territory. The two monks, wishing not to be a burden to any one, moved further north. an isolated spot not far from the city of Vologda, Dimitri decided to establish at a bend of the Vologda River the first cenobitic monastery of the Russian North. The people of Vologda and the surrounding area welcomed the monks and gladly consented to help Dimitri. The monastery was built on land owned by Elias and Isidore who even trampled down a grain field so that a temple might be built immediately. By 1371, a wooden cathedral, dedicated to the Savior, was built and brethren began to arrive at the new monastery, including many disciples of Dimitri who came from the Pereyaslavl monasteries. The monastery would later be known as the Spaso-Prilutsky Monastery. established a life at the monastery that combined prayer and strict asceticism with kindliness. He fed the poor and hungry and took in strangers. He conversed with those in need of consolation and gave counsel. And he loved to pray in solitude. His Lenten food consisted of prosphora with warm water. On feast days, he would not even partake of the wine and fish that was permitted by the Rule. He wore an old sheepskin coat during both winter and summer, and, even in his old age, he joined with the brethren on common tasks. St. Dimitri accepted contributions to the monastery cautiously, so that the welfare of the monastery would not be detrimental to those living nearby. Lord granted His servant the gift of clairvoyance, in which the saintly monk attained a high degree of spiritual perfection. On February 11, 1392, St. Dimitri died at an advanced age. As the brethren approached his cell at the time, they found him as though asleep and with his cell filled with a wondrous fragrance. associated with the relics of St. Dimitri began in the year 1409, and during that century his veneration spread throughout all Rus. By the year 1440, the Priluki monk Macarius recorded his Life (Great Reading Menaion, February 11) based on the narratives of St. Dimitri's disciple Igumen Pachomius. Priluki city (Udai River); Venerable Demetrius the Wonderworker of Priluki, Vologda, Commemorated February 11 ; Demetrius of Priluki, Wonderworker, was born into a rich merchant’s family in Pereyaslavl-Zalessk. From his youth the saint was uncommonly handsome. Receiving monastic tonsure at one of the Pereyaslavl monasteries, the saint later founded the Saint Nicholas cenobitic monastery on the Saints Boris and Gleb Hill at the shore of Lake Plescheevo near the city, and became its igumen. 1334 Saint Demetrius first met with Saint Sergius of Radonezh, who had come to Pereyaslavl to see Metropolitan Athanasius. From that time, he frequently conversed with Saint Sergius and became close with him. The fame of the Pereyaslavl igumen was so widespread that he became godfather to the children of Great Prince Demetrius Ioannovich. Under the influence of the Radonezh wonderworker, Saint Demetrius decided to withdraw to a remote place, and went north with his disciple Pachomius. the Vologda forests, at the River Velika, near the Avnezh settlement, they built a church of the Resurrection of Christ and they prepared to lay the foundations for a monastery. The local inhabitants were fearful that if a monastery were built there, their village would become monastery property. They demanded that the monks leave their territory, and wishing to be a burden to no one, they moved farther away. far from Vologda, at the bend of a river in an isolated spot, Saint Demetrius decided to form the first of the cenobitic monasteries of the Russian North. The people of Vologda and the surrounding gladly consented to help the saint. The owners of the land intended for the monastery, Elias and Isidore, even trampled down a grain field, so that a temple might be built immediately. In 1371 the wooden Savior cathedral was built, and brethren began to gather. disciples of the monk came there from Pereyaslavl. Saint Demetrius combined prayer and strict asceticism with kindliness. He fed the poor and hungry, he took in strangers, he conversed with those in need of consolation, and he gave counsel. He loved to pray in solitude. His Lenten food consisted of prosphora with warm water. Even on feastdays, he would not partake of the wine and fish permitted by the Rule. Both winter and summer he wore an old sheepskin coat, and even in his old age he went with the brethren on common tasks. The saint accepted contributions to the monastery cautiously, so that the welfare of the monastery would not be detrimental to those living nearby. Lord granted His servant the gift of clairvoyance, and he attained a high degree of spiritual perfection. Saint Demetrius died at an advanced age on February 11, 1392. The brethren approaching found him as though asleep, and his cell was filled with a wondrous fragrance. from the relics of Saint Demetrius began in the year 1409, and during the fifteenth century his veneration spread throughout all Rus. And no later than the year 1440, the Priluki monk Macarius recorded his Life (Great Reading Menaion, February 11) based on the narratives of Saint Demetrius’s disciple Igumen Pachomius. St Euphrosyne the Princess, (Eudoxia) of Moscow, Commemorated on May 17 ; Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Sergius of Radonezh, Commemorated on July 5;

Russia, Kiev, 1354-1378, Patriarch Alexius, Metropolitan of Moscow and Kiev
Moscow, 1354-1378, Patriarch Alexius, Metropolitan of Moscow; St Eudokia, in Monasticism Euphrosyne, the Grand Duchess of Moscow, Commemorated on July 7; St. Alexis the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on February 12;

Russia, Kiev, 1359-1389, Prince Dimitri of the Don
Novgorod, 1359-1389, Prince Dimitri of the Don; Blessed Nicholas Kochanov the Fool-For-Christ at Novgorod, Commemorated July 28 ; Repose of St Theoctistus the Archbishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on December 23; Righteous Theodore of Novgorod the Fool-For-Christ, Commemorated on January 19; St Moses the Archbishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on January 25; Venerable Arsenius the Abbot of Konevits, Commemorated on June 12;

Russia, Kiev, 1362, Battle of Blue Waters, S Bug, Lithuanians take over Kiev from Horde
Russia, Kiev, 1362, Battle of Blue Waters, S Bug, Lithuanians take over Kiev from Horde; Venerable Mercurius the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on November 24;

Russia, Kiev, 1362-1394, Lithuanian, Vladimir Olgerdovich, replaced Fiodore after Blue Watters battle
Kiev Lithuanian King, 1362-1394, Vladimir Olgerdovich; Venerable Mercurius the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on November 24; Venerable Gregory the Recluse, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on January 8; Venerable Gerontius the Canonarch of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 1; Venerable Joseph the Much-Ailing, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 4; Venerable Alphan with his brother of Novgorod, founder of the Sokolnitzky Monastery, Commemorated on May 4; Venerable Arsenius the Lover-of-Labor of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; Venerable Leontius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 18;

Russia, Kiev, 1380-1382, 1390-1406, Patriarch, Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus
Kiev Patriarch, 1380-1382, Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev, then Kiev and all Rus with his residence in Moscow, until 1406 with a little time off inbetween; St Arsenius the Bishop of Tver, Commemorated on March 2 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Volokolamsk, Commemorated on March 3 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1382-1384, Patriarch, Pimen I, Metropolitan of Kiev and All Rus
Kiev Patriarch, 1382-1384, Pimen I, Metropolitan of Kiev and All Rus ; Icon of the Mother of God of Pimen, Commemorated on June 6; Pimen Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos was brought to Moscow from Constantinople in 1381 by Metropolitan Pimen. Many miracles took place before this icon, which flowed with a fragrant healing myrrh. Pimen Icon was kept in the altar of the Dormition Cathedral in the Kremlin.

Russia, Kiev, 1385-1406, Patriarch Cyprian, Metropolitan of Moscow
Moscow Patriarch, 1385-1406, Cyprian, Metropolitan of Moscow ; Repose of St Cyprian the Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, Commemorated on September 16 ; Venerable Sava the Abbot of Moscow, Commemorated on June 13;

Russia, Kiev, 1400, 15th Century - Present, Ukraine Folder

Russia, Kiev, 1405-1463, Isidore of Kiev, Bulgarian, Metropolitan, Became Uniate
Russia, Kiev, 1405-1463, Isidore of Kiev, Metropolitan, Became Catholic; Repose of St Jonah the Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, Commemorated on March 31 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1458-1473, Patriarch, Gregory II Bulgarian, First Uniate Metropolitan of Kiev
Patriarch, 1458-1473, Gregory II Bulgarian, First Uniate Metropolitan of Kiev; Venerable Paphnutius the Abbot of Borov, Commemorated on May 1;

Russia, Kiev, 1545-1608, Prince Constantine Ostrozhsky, Konstanty Ostrogski, of Turov and Pinsk
Volhynia, 1545-1608, Prince Constantine Ostrozhsky, Konstanty Ostrogski; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28;

Oprichnina, secret policek, 1560's, (Kiev and Novgorod area)
Oprichnina, Ivan the Terrible's secret police (Kiev and Novgorod area); Hieromartyr Philip the Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, Commemorated on January 9 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1596, Union of Brest, Rome and Kiev, Roman Catholic
Poland, 1596, Union of Brest, Rome and Kiev; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28;

Russia, Kiev, 1605-1618, Polish-Muscovite War (during Time of Troubles)
Kiev, 1605-1618, Polish-Muscovite War ; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Smolensk the ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂœSweet-KissingÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on March 19; Venerable Dionysius the Archimandrite of St SergiusÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚Â™ Monastery, Commemorated on May 12;

Russia, Kiev, 1632-1634, Polish-Muscovite War, the Smolensk War
Polish-Muscovite War (1632-1634), the Smolensk War; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Martyr Michael the Prince of Tver, Commemorated on November 22; Venerable Dionysius the Archimandrite of St SergiusÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚Â™ Monastery, Commemorated on May 12;

Russia, Kiev, 1633-1646, Patriarch, Peter Mogila
Keiv Patriarch, 1633-1646, Peter Mogila; Uncovering of the relics of Holy Princess Juliana Olshanskaya, Commemorated on July 6; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1648-1657, Hetman, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Turk Moslem converted to Orthodox
Kiev Hetman, 1648-1657, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Hetman of Right Bank Ukraine; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1648-1657, Hetman, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Hetman of Right Bank Ukraine
Kiev Hetman, 1648-1657, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Hetman of Right Bank Ukraine; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1649-1764, Cossack Hetmanate, of Right Bank Ukraine, Orthodox
Russia, Kiev, 1649-1764, Cossack Hetmanate, of Right Bank Ukraine; Kiev Hetman, 1648-1657, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Hetman of Right Bank Ukraine; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1653, Polish invasion of Liubech
Lubech; The Deluge (Polish history) ; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated on February 5 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Lubech, Commemorated on May 7 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1657-1681, Hetman, Yurii Khmelnytsky, Hetman of Right Bank Ukraine
Kiev Hetman, 1657-1681, Yurii Khmelnytsky, Hetman of Right Bank Ukraine ; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Domnitsa, Commemorated on September 8; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated on February 5 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1662, Crimean-Nogali Tatars descended upon Chernigov in 1662
Tatars descended upon Chernigov in 1662 and destroyed it - Icon of the Mother of God Weeping œIlyin Chernigov, Commemorated on April 16 ; Cossack Hetmanate ; Crimean-Nogai raids into East Slavic lands 1441-1774 ; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Uncovering of the relics of St Theodosius the Archbishop of Chernigov, Commemorated on September 9 ;

Kiev, Zbarazhsk War with the Turks 1675
Zbarazhsk Castle; Zbarazhsk War with the Turks 1675; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23 ; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Uncovering of the relics of St Theodosius the Archbishop of Chernigov, Commemorated on September 9 ;

Kiev, Russo-Turkish War (1676-“81)
Russo-Turkish War (1676-81) ; Turks lay siege to Chigirin 1677 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 17 ; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Uncovering of the relics of St Theodosius the Archbishop of Chernigov, Commemorated on September 9 ;

Kiev, Turks lay siege to Chigirin 1677
Turks lay siege to Chigirin 1677 ; Russo-Turkish War (1676-“81) ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 17 ; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1700-1721, Great Northern War, Russia and Sweden
Great Northern War; Battle of Poltava; Great Northern War; Icon of the Mother of God of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 17 ; Appearance of the Mother of God to St Sergius of Radonezh, Commemorated on August 24; Icon of the Mother of God of Domnitsa, Commemorated on September 8;

Russia, Kiev, 1709, Battle of Poltava, Great Northern War
Battle of Poltava; Great Northern War; Icon of the Mother of God of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 17 ; Appearance of the Mother of God to St Sergius of Radonezh, Commemorated on August 24;

Russia, Kiev, 1812, Napoleon invasion of Russia
Napoleon invasion of Russia 1812; Icon of the Mother of God of œTenderness, Commemorated on May 21; Icon of the Mother of God œVirgin of Tenderness from the Pskov Caves, Commemorated on May 21;

Russia, Kiev, 1812, Sven Icon deliverance of Briansk from Napolian
Russia, Kiev, 1812, Sven Icon deliverance of Briansk from Napolian ; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on August 17;

1812 Fatherland war Smolensk (French Invasion of Russia)
1812 Fatherland war Smolensk (French Invasion of Russia); Icon of the Mother of God œof the Sign, the œKursk-Root, Commemorated on September 8 ; Icon of the Mother of God œKursk-Root, Commemorated on November 27 ; Icon of the Mother of God œVirgin of Tenderness from the Pskov Caves, Commemorated on May 21 ;

Fatherland War of 1812 (Intensional Destruction of Smolensk, Ukraine)
Fatherland War of 1812 (Neman River Crossing), French Invasion of Russia; Icon of the Mother of God œKursk-Root, Commemorated on November 27 ;

Russia, Kiev, 1918, Kiev Civil War, Russian Civil War
Russia, Kiev, 1918, Kiev Civil War, Russian Civil War; St. Vladimir, Metropolitan of Kiev and Gallich, Commemorated on January 25;

Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves (Destroyed in WWII)
Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves (Destroyed in WWII); Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 1; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14;

Chernobyl (Wormwood) Disaster, 1986, (Kiev, Pirypat River Mouth)
Chernobyl (Wormwood) Disaster;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River Folder

Dnieper River

Dnieper River Source (Valdai Hills, near Smolensk)
Valdai Hills;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River Source, Vyazama River Folder

Vyazma River

Vyazma River Source (Valdai Hills)

Vyazma River 1 (Vyazama)

Vyazma, Ukraine (Vyazna River 1)
Vyazma; Venerable Arcadius of Novotorsk, Commemorated July 11 ; St Pitirim the Bishop of Tambov, Commemorated on July 28; Venerable Arcadius of Novotorsk, Commemorated August 14 ; Venerable Arcadius of Novy Torg, Commemorated December 13 ; St Juliana the Princess of Vyazma, Commemorated December 21 ; St Gerasimus of Boldino, Commemorated on May 1; Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Juliana the Princess of Vyazma, Commemorated on June 2;

Vyazma River 2

Vyazma River 3

Vyazma River Mouth (Dnieper River Source)

Dnieper River 1 (Dorogobuzha)

Dorogobuzha, Ukraine (Dnieper River 1)
Dorogobuzha, Ukraine (Dnieper River 1) ; St Gerasimus of Boldino, Commemorated on May 1;

Dnieper River 2 (Smolensk)

Dnieper River 3 (Mogilev)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 2, Smolensk Folder

Smolensk, Ukraine (Dnieper River 2)
Smolensk; Icon of the Mother of God of Koloch, Commemorated July 9 ; Synaxis of the Saints of Smolensk, Commemorated July 24 ; Venerable Polycarp the Archimandrite of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 24; Appearance of the Smolensk "œDirectress" Icon of the Mother of God brought from Constantinople, Commemorated on July 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Trinity-St Sergius Lavra, Commemorated July 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Trinity-St Sergius Lavra, Commemorated July 28 ; St Mercurius the Bishop of Smolensk, Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 7 ; Venerable Anthony of Optina, Commemorated on August 7 ; Venerable Abramius the Archimandrite and Wonderworker of Smolensk, Commemorated August 21 ; Venerable Adrian the Abbot of Ondrusov, Valaam, Commemorated August 26 ; Passion-Bearer Gleb, in Holy Baptism David, Commemorated September 5 ; St Mercurius the Bishop of Smolensk, Kiev Near Caves,Commemorated on August 7; Venerable Abramius the Archimandrite and Wonderworker of Smolensk, Commemorated on August 21; St Theodore the Prince of Smolensk and Yaroslav, Commemorated on September 19 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Yaroslav-Smolensk, Commemorated October 12 ; Uncovering of the relics of St Andrew the Prince of Smolensk, Commemorated on October 27; Ozerianka Icon of God of Shuiu-Smolensk, Commemorated on November 2 ; Martyr Mercurius of Smolensk, Commemorated on November 24 ; St Juliana the Princess of Vyazma, Commemorated December 21 ; Icon of the Mother of God "the Merciful", Commemorated December 27 ; St Ignatius, Wonderworker and Bishop of Smolensk, Commemorated January 29 ; St Nicholas, Equal of the Apostles and Archbishop of Japan, Commemorated on February 16; Venerable Prochorus of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated February 10 ; St Bassian of Uglich, Commemorated on February 12 ; St Nicholas, Equal of the Apostles and Archbishop of Japan, Commemorated on February 16; Venerable Martyrius of Zelenets, Pskov, Commemorated on March 1; Finding of the relics of St Theodore the Prince of Smolensk, and Yaroslav, and His Children, Commemorated on March 5; Icon of the Mother of God "œthe Blessed Heaven", Commemorated on March 6; St Euthymius the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on March 11; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14; Icon of the Mother of God of Smolensk the "œSweet-Kissing", Commemorated on March 19; Icon of the Mother of God of "œthe Uncut Mount", Commemorated on March 24; St Gerasimus of Boldino, Commemorated on May 1; Icon of the Mother of God "œVirgin of Tenderness" from the Pskov Caves, Commemorated on May 21 ; Blessed Constantine the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 5; Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Sergius of Radonezh, Commemorated on July 5;

Smolensk, 1147-1154, Clement of Smolensk, Kliment Smoliatich, chosen Metropolitan illegally by Russ, Not Constantinople
Russia, Kiev, 1147-1154, Clement of Smolensk, Kliment Smoliatich, chosen Metropolitan illegally by Russians, Not Constantinople ; Smolensk; Blessed Constantine, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Smolensk, 1125-1484, Smolensk Princes, Rostislavichi, Sons of Rostislav Mstislavich, stronger Western Ties
The Prince of Smolensk was the kniaz, the ruler or sub-ruler, of the Rus' Principality of Smolensk, a lordship based on the city of Smolensk. It passed between different groups of descendants of Grand Prince Iaroslav I of Kiev until 1125, when following the death of Vladimir Monomakh the latter's grandson Rostislav Mstislavich was installed in the principality, while the latter's father Mstislav I Vladimirovich became Grand Prince. It gained its own bishopric in 1136. It was Rostislav's descendents, the Rostaslavichi, who ruled the principality until the fifteenth-century. Smolensk enjoyed stronger western ties than most Rus' principalities.

Smolensk Kremlin
Smolensk Kremlin; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14;

Smolensk diocese
Smolensk diocese: St Rostislav founded the cities of Rostislavl, Mstislavl, Krichev, Propoisk, and Vasiliev among others. He was the forefather of the Smolensk princely dynasty, and Smolensk diocese south of Smolensk mostly along the Sozh River. Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ;

Smyadyn Castle near Smolensk
Smyadyn Castle somewhere near Smolensk Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14;

Andrusov, Smolensk, Ukraine
Andrusov, Smolensk, Ukraine Treaty of Andrusov ; Venerable Adrian the Abbot of Ondrusov, Valaam, Commemorated on August 26;

Smolensk, Cathredral Hill - Assumption Cathedral, 1101
Cathredral Hill - Assumption Cathedral in Smolensk; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14;

Savior cathedral at the Smyadynsk Boris and Gleb monastery, Smolensk
Savior cathedral at the Smyadynsk Boris and Gleb monastery, Smolensk; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael, Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14;

Dolgomost, 30 K East of Smolensk
Dolgomost, 30 K East of Smolensk; Martyr Mercurius of Smolensk, Commemorated on November 24;

Liubech, Chernigov, Ukraine (Dnieper River 3.5)
Lubech; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated September 2 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Lubech, Commemorated on May 7 ;

Dnieper River 4 (Kiev)

Kiev, Ukraine (Dnieper River 4)
Kiev; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10 ; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Lord at Moscow, Commemorated on July 10; Icon of the Mother of God of Rzhevsk, Commemorated on July 11 ; St Olga the Princess of Russia, in Holy Baptism Called Helen, Commemorated on July 11; Transfer of the Relics of St Barbara - Gloves, Commemorated July 11 ; St Pitirim the Bishop of Tambov, Commemorated on July 28; Martyr Theodore and his son of Kiev, Commemorated on July 12; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of Makhrishche, Vologda, Commemorated on July 14; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; Venerable John the Long-Suffering of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Venerable Pambo the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23; Martyrs and Passion-Bearers Boris and Gleb, Commemorated on July 24; Venerable Polycarp the Archimandrite of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 24; Appearance of the Smolensk œDirectress Icon of the Mother of God brought from Constantinople, Commemorated on July 28; Venerable Moses the Wonderworker of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on July 28; Procession of the Honorable Wood of the Life-Giving Cross of the Lord (First of the three œFeasts of the Savior in August), Commemorated on August 1; Blessed Basil of Moscow the Fool-For-Christ, Commemorated on August 2; St Mercurius the Bishop of Smolensk, Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 7 ; Venerable Anthony of Optina, Commemorated on August 7 ; Venerable Pimen the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 7; Venerable Pimen the Much-Ailing of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 7; Venerable Gregory the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 8; St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Icon of the Mother of God of Minsk, Commemorated on August 13 ; St Tikhon the Bishop of Voronezh and Wonderworker of Zadonsk and All Russia, Commemorated on August 13; Translation of the relics of the Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on August 14 ; Venerable Alypius the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 17; Appearance of the Mother of God to St Sergius of Radonezh, Commemorated on August 24; St Martyrius, Archbishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on August 24 ; Venerable Pimen of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 27 ; Hieromartyr and Venerable Kuksha of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 27 ; Icon of the Mother of God Chernigov-Gethsemane, Commemorated on September 1; Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; St John the Faster the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated September 2 ; Uncovering of the relics of St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated September 4 ; Martyr Athanasius the Abbot of Brest, Commemorated September 5 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kiev-Bratsk, Commemorated on September 6; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Uncovering of the relics of St Theodosius the Archbishop of Chernigov, Commemorated September 9 ; Repose of St Cyprian the Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, Commemorated on September 16 ; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated September 30 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Pskov œthe Protection, Commemorated on October 1; Venerable Onesiphorus the Confessor of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 9 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kupyatitich, Commemorated on November 15 ; Venerable Mercurius the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated November 24 ; St Nicholas the Wonderworker and Archbishop of Myra in Lycia, Commemorated December 6 ; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ; St Photius the Metropolitan of Kiev; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimirin Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, ; Martyrs and Passion-Bearers Boris and Gleb; Translation of the relics of the Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on August 14 ; Passion-Bearer Gleb, in Holy Baptism David, Commemorated September 5 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kiev-Bratsk, Commemorated September 6 ; Martyr Romulus and with him many others, Commemorated September 6 ; Icon of Sophia, the Wisdom of God, Commmorated September 8 ; Venerable Paul the Obedient, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on September 10; Repose of St Cyprian the Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, Commemorated on September 16; Icon of the Mother of God of Korsun, Commemorated on October 9; St Demetrius (Dimitri), Metropolitan of Rostov, Commemorated on October 28 ; Right-believing Great Prince Igor of Kiev and Chernigov, Commemorated September 19 ; Martyr and Confessor Michael the Wonderworker of Chernigov; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev; St Hilarion, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated October 21 ; Princess Anna Vsevolodna, Commemorated on November 3 ; Venerable Paisius Velichkovsky, Commemorated November 15 ; Venerable Barlaam the Abbot of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 19 Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated November 22 ; Hieromartyr Clement the Pope of Rome; Dedication of the Church of the Greatmartyr George at Kiev, Commemorated on November 26 ; Venerable Nectarius the Obedient of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 29 ; Apostle Andrew, the Holy and All-Praised First-Called, Commemorated November 30 ; Venerable Athanasius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on December 2 ; Venerable Athanasius œthe Resurrected One, Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 2 ; Greatmartyr Barbara at Heliopolis, in Syria, Commemorated on December 4 ; St Maximus, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated December 6; St Maximus, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on December 6 ; Venerable Nikon the Dry, of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated December 11 ; Venerable Elias of Murom the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated December 19 ; Venerable Ignatius the Archimandrite of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated December 20 ; Repose of St Peter the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21 ; Venerable Mark the Grave-Digger of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated December 29 ; Repose of the Venerable Seraphim the Wonderworker of Sarov, Commemorated January 2 ; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; Venerable Gregory the Recluse, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated January 8 ; Hieromartyr Philip the Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, Commemorated on January 9 ; Venerable Martinian the Abbot of Byeloezersk, Commemorated January 12 ; Venerable Hieromonk Alexei of Teklati, Commemorated on January 18 ; Venerable Macarius the Deacon of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated January 19 ; Venerable Macarius the Faster, of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated January 19 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated January 20 ; Venerable Euthymius the Schemamonk, Commemorated January 20 ; Monkmartyr Anastasius the Deacon of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 22 ; Translation of the relics of St Theoctistus the Archbishop of Novgorod, Commemorated January 23 ; St Vladimir, Metropolitan of Kiev and Gallich, Commemorated January 25 ; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated Janaury 28 ; St Ignatius, Wonderworker and Bishop of Smolensk, Commemorated January 29 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated January 29 ; Icon of the Mother of God "the Seeker of the Lost", Commemorated February 5 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; Venerable Nicephorus of Vazheozersk, Commemorated on February 9; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Paphnutius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on February 15; Repose of St Peter the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia; St Vladimir, Metropolitan of Kiev and Gallich, Commemorated January 25 ; Venerable Ephraim, Abbot and Wonderworker of Novy Torg, Commemorated January 28 ; Venerable Zeno the Faster, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated January 30 ; Venerable Nikita of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated January 31 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Elets-Chernigov", Commemorated February 5 ; Venerable Pancratius of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated February 9 ; Princess Anna of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10 ; Venerable Prochorus of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated February 10 ; St Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel) the Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated February 11 ; Venerable Demetrius the Wonderworker of Priluki, Vologda, Commemorated February 11 ; St Alexis the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on February 12 ; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Theodore the Silent of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated February 17 ; Venerable Cosmas of Yakhrom, Commemorated on February 18 ; Venerable Theodore of Sanaxar, Commemorated on February 19 ; Beheading of the Venerable Cornelius the Abbot of the Pskov Caves, Commemorated on February 20 ; Venerable Polycarp of Briansk, Commemorated February 23 ; Venerable Agathon the Wonderworker of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated February 20 ; Repose of St Raphael the Bishop of Brooklyn, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Titus the Soldier, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on February 27 ; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28; Venerable Martyrius of Zelenets, Pskov, Commemorated on March 1; St Arsenius the Bishop of Tver, Commemorated on March 2 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Volokolamsk, Commemorated on March 3 ; Right-believing Prince Basil (Vasilko) of Rostov, Commemorated on March 4; Venerable Gerasimus of Vologda, Commemorated on March 4; Finding of the relics of St Theodore the Prince of Smolensk, and Yaroslav, and His Children, Commemorated on March 5 ; Icon of the Mother of God œCzestochowa, Commemorated on March 6 ; Icon of the Mother of God œthe Blessed Heaven, Commemorated on March 6; Hieromartyr Basil of Cherson, Commemorated on March 7; Hieromartyr Basil of Cherson, Commemorated on March 7; Icon of the Mother of God Kursk Root œof the Sign, Commemorated on March 8; Venerable Sophronius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on March 11; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14 ; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves ; Venerable Prochorus of the Kiev Near Caves; St Theognostus the Metropolitan of Kiev and All Russia, Commemorated on March 14; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14; Icon of the Mother of God of Smolensk the œSweet-Kissing, Commemorated on March 19; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Zachariah the Ascetic of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on March 24; Monkmartyr Eustratius of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on March 28; St Sophronius the Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated on March 30; Repose of St Jonah the Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, Commemorated on March 31; Venerable Hypatius the Healer of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on March 31; Venerable Gerontius the Canonarch of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 1; Venerable Joseph the Much-Ailing, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 4; St Niphon the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 8; Venerable Rufus the Obedient of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 8; Icon of the Mother of God of Belynich, Commemorated on April 12; Icon of the Mother of God of Murom, Commemorated on April 12; Icon of the Mother of God Weeping œIlyin Chernigov, Commemorated on April 16 ; Icon of the Mother of God of St Maximus, Commemorated on April 18; Greatmartyr, Victory-bearer and Wonderworker George, Commemorated on April 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Molcha, Commemorated on April 24; Venerable Alexius the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; Venerable Sava the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27 ; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28; Uncovering of the relics of St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 30; Hieromartyr Macarius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on May 1; St Gerasimus of Boldino, Commemorated on May 1; Icon of the Mother of God of Putivil, Commemorated on May 2 ; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2; St Athanasius of Lubensk the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 2; St Athanasius the Great the Patriarch of Alexandria, Commemorated on May 2 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on May 3 ; Venerable Theodosius the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves Monastery, and Founder of Coenobitic Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on May 3; Icon of the Mother of God œStaro Rus Old Russian, Commemorated on May 4; Icon of the Mother of God of Lubech, Commemorated on May 7; Monkmartyr Pachomius of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 7; Repose of St Alexis Toth the confessor and defender of Orthodoxy in America, Commemorated on May 7 ; Venerable Arsenius the Lover-of-Labor of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; Venerable Pimen the Ascetic of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; Venerable Joseph of Optina, Commemorated on May 9; St Simeon the Bishop of Vladimir and Suzdal of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on May 10; Venerable Dionysius the Archimandrite of St Sergius™ Monastery, Commemorated on May 12; Venerable Isaiah the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on May 15; St Euphrosyne the Princess, (Eudoxia) of Moscow, Commemorated on May 17 ; Icon of the Mother of God œVirgin of Tenderness from the Pskov Caves, Commemorated on May 21 ; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21; Martyr Michael œthe Black-Robed of St Sava Monastery, Commemorated on May 23; Venerable Euphrosyne the Abbess of Polotsk, Commemorated on May 23; St John the Russian and Confessor, whose relics are on the island of Euboia, Commemorated on May 27; Venerable Agapitus the Unmercenary Physician of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on June 1; Venerable Dionysius the Abbot of Glushetsk, Vologda, Commemorated on June 1 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kiev-Bratsk, Commemorated on June 2; Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Juliana the Princess of Vyazma, Commemorated on June 2; New Martyr Archbishop Andronicus of Perm, Commemorated on June 4; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5; Blessed Constantine the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 5; Icon of the Mother of God of Igor, Commemorated on June 5; Repose of St Theodore Yaroslavich the older brother of St Alexander Nevsky in Novgorod, Commemorated on June 5; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5; Venerable Silvanus the Schemamonk, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 10; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 15; St Jonah the Metropolitan of Moscow, Commemorated on June 15; Venerable Moses of Optina, Commemorated on June 16; Venerable Leontius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 18; Translation of the relics of St Gurias the Archbishop of Kazan, Commemorated on June 20; St Dionysius the Archbishop of Suzdal, Commemorated on June 26; Hieromartyr Kirion II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia, Commemorated on June 27; Venerable Martin of Turov, Commemorated on June 27; Icon of the Mother of God of Balikin, Commemorated on June 30; Icon of the Mother of God of Akhtyr, Commemorated July 2 ; St Photius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on July 2; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at Blachernae, Commemorated on July 2; Burial of St Andrew the Prince, Commemorated on July 4 ; Venerable Sisoes the Schemamonk of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 6;

Drevlyan Lands (Kiev)
Drevalyans

Left-bank Ukraine (Left bank of the Dnieper River)
Left-bank Ukraine (Left bank of the Dnieper River) ;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 4, Stugna River Folder, Kiev area

Stugna River

Stugna River Source (along the border)

Stugna River 1 (Vasylkiv)

St. Panteleimon's Cathedral
St. Panteleimon's Cathedral; St John the Russian and Confessor, whose relics are on the island of Euboia, Commemorated on May 27;

Kievan Belgorod
Kievan Belgorod; Saint Vsevolod (in Baptism Gabriel), Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated on February 11;

Kiev'™s St Vladimir cathedral
Kiev'™s St Vladimir cathedral; Martyr Juliana at Heliopolis, in Syria, Commemorated on December 4 ; Greatmartyr Barbara at Heliopolis, in Syria, Commemorated on December 4 ;

Stugna River Mouth (Dnipper River 4)
Stugna River Mouth (Dnipper River 4);

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 4, Many Kiev Locations Folder

Vladimir Cathedral, Kiev's St Vladimir cathedral, 1859
Kiev's St Vladimir cathedral; Transfer of the Relics of St Barbara - Gloves, Commemorated July 11 ; Greatmartyr Barbara at Heliopolis, in Syria, Commemorated on December 4 ; Hieromartyr Macarius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on May 1;

Temple of Boris and Gleb, Dorogozhich
St. Cyril's Monastery is in the Dorogozhich neighborhood of Kiev.; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2 ;

Dorogozhich neighborhood, Kiev
St. Cyril's Monastery is in the Dorogozhich neighborhood of Kiev.; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2 ;

St. Cyril's Monastery, Kiev, Ukraine
St. Cyril's Monastery; Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Martinian the Abbot of Byeloezersk, Commemorated on October 7; Venerable Martinian the Abbot of Byeloezersk, Commemorated January 12 ; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2 ;

Saint Sophia Cathedral, Kiev, 960 by Olga
Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Lord at Moscow, Commemorated on July 10; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15 ; Venerable John the Long-Suffering of the Kiev Near Caves; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated September 30 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kupyatitich, Commemorated on November 15 ; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ; http://oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=103312; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 15; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Lord at Moscow, Commemorated on July 10;

Kiev-Sophia archbishop'™s house
Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Lord at Moscow, Commemorated on July 10; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15 ; Venerable John the Long-Suffering of the Kiev Near Caves; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated September 30 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kupyatitich, Commemorated on November 15 ; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ; http://oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=103312; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 15; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Lord at Moscow, Commemorated on July 10;

Demetrius's Monastery and Church in the Uppertown of Kiev near Saint Sophia Cathedral in the 1050s
Demetrius's Monastery and Church in the Uppertown of Kiev near Saint Sophia Cathedral in the 1050s, Later called Mikhailov-Zlatoverkh ; Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrh-gusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26;

Mikhailov-Zlatoverkh Monastery and Church in the Uppertown of Kiev near Saint Sophia Cathedral in the 1050s
Demetrius's Monastery and Church in the Uppertown of Kiev near Saint Sophia Cathedral in the 1050s, Later called Mikhailov-Zlatoverkh ; Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrh-gusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26;

Kiev's Holy Wisdom (Hagia Sophia) Cathedral, 960 by Olga
Holy Wisdom (Hagia Sophia) Cathedral in Kiev; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28; Icon of the Mother of God of Lubech, Commemorated on May 7 ;

Mikhailovo-Zlatoverkh Monastery, Kiev, 1108
Mikhailovo-Zlatoverkh Monastery, AKA Saint Michael's Golden Domed Monastery in Kiev; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28;

Zlatoverkh-Mikhailovo Monastery, Kiev, 1108
Mikhailovo-Zlatoverkh Monastery, AKA Saint Michael's Golden Domed Monastery in Kiev; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28;

Demetrius's Monastery, Kiev, 1070
Mikhailovo-Zlatoverkh Monastery, AKA Saint Michael's Golden Domed Monastery in Kiev, Towards the beginning of the 1070s the Dimitriev monastery at Kiev, known afterwards as the Mikhailov-Zlatoverkh monastery, was founded,; Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrh-gusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26, Towards the beginning of the 1070s the Dimitriev monastery at Kiev, known afterwards as the Mikhailov-Zlatoverkh monastery, was founded; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28;

St. Michael's Golden-Domed Monastery, Kiev, 1108
Mikhailovo-Zlatoverkh Monastery, AKA Saint Michael's Golden Domed Monastery in Kiev; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28;

Kiev Theodosis (Studite) monastery, 1595
Kiev Theodosis (Studite) monastery; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov; Icon of the Mother of God of Kiev-Bratsk, Commemorated on June 2; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Kiev-Bratsk (Brotherhood) Monastery (Podol Neighborhood, Dnieper River 4) 1595
Kiev-Bratsk (Brotherhood) Monastery (Podol Neighborhood, Dnieper River 4); Podol Neighborhood of Kiev; Subdivisions of Kiev; Uncovering of the relics of St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on September 4 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kiev-Bratsk, Commemorated September 6 ; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ;

Brotherhood (Bratsky) monastery, Kiev (Dneiper River 4) 1595
Brotherhood monatery; Icon of the Mother of God of Kiev-Bratsk, Commemorated September 6 ; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28; Icon of the Mother of God of Kiev-Bratsk, Commemorated on June 2; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Tithe Church, Kiev (Desyatina (Tithe) church) 989
Church of the Tithes (Desyatina (Tithe) church); Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; Icon of the Mother of God of Minsk, Commemorated on August 13 ; Right-believing Great Prince Igor of Kiev and Chernigov, Commemorated on September 19 ;

Kiev Spiritual Academy, Moghila Academy Kiev, Mogilyansk, 1615-1632
Moghila Academy Kiev; St Peter Mogila; Venerable Paisius Velichkovsky, Commemorated on November 15 ; Repose of St Innocent the first Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated on November 26; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kiev-Bratsk, Commemorated on June 2; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10 ;

Moghila Academy Kiev, Mogilyansk, Kiev Spiritual Academy, 1615-1632
Moghila Academy Kiev; St Peter Mogila; Venerable Paisius Velichkovsky, Commemorated on November 15 ; Repose of St Innocent the first Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated on November 26; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kiev-Bratsk, Commemorated on June 2; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10 ;

Florovsk Ascension monastery in Kiev, 1722
Florovsk Ascension monastery in Kiev; Icon of the Mother of God of Rudens, Commemorated October 12 ;

Kiev Seminary (Dnieper River 4) 1615
Kiev Theological Seminary; Uncovering of the relics of St Theodosius the Archbishop of Chernigov, Commemorated September 9 ; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10;

Kiev Theological Academy (Dneiper River 4) 1615
Kiev Theological Academy; Uncovering of the relics of St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on September 4 ; Uncovering of the relics of St Theodosius the Archbishop of Chernigov, Commemorated September 9 ; St Theophan the Recluse the Bishop of Tambov; St Vladimir, Metropolitan of Kiev and Gallich, Commemorated January 25 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; Repose of St Raphael the Bishop of Brooklyn, Commemorated on February 27; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28; St Sophronius the Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated on March 30; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10 ; Hieromartyr Kirion II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia, Commemorated on June 27;

Podol Neighborhood, Kiev (Dneiper River 4)
Podol Neighborhood of Kiev; Subdivisions of Kiev; Uncovering of the relics of St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated September 4 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kiev-Bratsk, Commemorated on September 6; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on May 3;

Kiev-Vydubitsky monastery
Kiev-Vydubitsky monastery; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ;

Castle and Residents of Kievan Rus Monarchs, 946
Vyshgorod (the name literally translates as "the town upstream") dates from as early as 946, when it was described as the favourite residence of Saint Olga. Also mentioned in De Administrando Imperio, Vyshgorod served as the fortified castle and residence of the monarchs of Kievan Rus on the Dnieper from that time until 1240, when the Mongols sacked it. At Vyshhorod Vladimir the Great (reigned 980 to 1015); Devichi monastery in Vyshgorod; Commemoration of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God and the deliverance of Moscow from the Invasion of Tamerlane, Commemorated on August 26;

Church of Saint Basil the Great, Vyshgorod, 946
Devichi monastery in Vyshgorod; Commemoration of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God and the deliverance of Moscow from the Invasion of Tamerlane, Commemorated on August 26;

Devichi monastery, Vyshgorod, 946
Devichi monastery in Vyshgorod; Commemoration of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God and the deliverance of Moscow from the Invasion of Tamerlane, Commemorated on August 26;

Vyshgorod near Kiev (Dnieper River 4)
Vyshgorod near Kiev; Vyshhorod, a residence of the medieval Kievan rulers, now a town in Kiev Oblast, Ukraine; ; Commemoration of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God and the deliverance of Moscow from the Invasion of Tamerlane, Commemorated August 26 ; Passion-Bearer Gleb, in Holy Baptism David, Commemorated September 5 ; Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated November 22 ; St Vsevolod (in holy baptism Gabriel) the Wonderworker of Pskov, Commemorated February 11 ; Right-believing Great Prince Rostislav-Michael the Prince of Kiev, Commemorated on March 14; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2; Icon of the Mother of God œthe God Loving, Commemorated on June 18; Burial of St Andrew the Prince, Commemorated on July 4 ;

Kiev Mezhigorsk Womens monastery Suzdal
Kiev Mezhigorsk monastery; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ;

Savior-Transfiguration monastery, Kiev 988
Savior-Transfiguration monastery, Kiev; Translation of the relics of St Gurias the Archbishop of Kazan, Commemorated on June 20;

Mezhigorsk Monastery, Kiev 988
Mezhigorsk Monastery; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 4, Ros River Folder, Kiev

Ros River

Ros River Source

Ros River 1

Ros River 2 (Yuriev)

Yuriev, Ukraine (Ros River 2)
Yuriev (Ros River 2); St Hilarion, Metropolitan of Suzdal and Yuriev, Commemorated December 14 ; Translation of the relics of St Theoctistus the Archbishop of Novgorod, Commemorated January 23 ;

Ros River 3

Ros River 4

Ros River 5 (Korsun)

Korsun, Ukraine (Ros River 5)
Korsun (Ros River 5); Icon of the Mother of God of Korsun, Commemorated on October 9; Icon of the Mother of God ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂœJerusalemÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on October 12 ; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated September 30 ; Monkmartyr Eustratius of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on March 28; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 15;

Ros River Mouth (Kiev, Dnieper River 4)

Kanev, Ukraine (near Kiev, Ros River Mouth, Dnieper River 4)
Kanev; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Hieromartyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev, Commemorated October 10 ; Venerable Macarius the Archimandrite of Obruch (Kanev), Commemorated on May 13;

Cherkassa, Ukraine (relics of Hieromartyr Macarius of Kanev)
Cherkassa, Ukraine (relics of Hieromartyr Macarius of Kanev); Martyr Macarius, Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl Commemorated on September 7;

Heorhiivskyi Church of Saint George at Kiev, Ros River Mouth
Heorhiivskyi Church of Saint George at Kiev; Greatmartyr, Victory-bearer and Wonderworker George, Commemorated on April 23;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 4, Desna River Folder, Kiev area, Chernigov, Briansk, Kursk

Desna River

Desna River Source (Valdai Hills, Boldino Hill)

Boldino Hill, southeast of Smolensk (Desna River Source)
Boldino Museum, southeast of Smolensk ; St Gerasimus of Boldino, Commemorated on May 1;

Desna River 1 (Roslavl)

Roslavl, Smolensk, Kiev area (Desna River 1), Forests
Roslavl; Venerable Anthony of Optina, Commemorated on August 7; Venerable Moses of Optina, Commemorated on June 16;

Borisovsk, Kaluga (somewhere in Kuybyshevsky District)
Borisovsk, Kaluga (somewhere in Kuybyshevsky District) plus there are many other small towns named Borisovsk; Venerable Joseph of Optina, Commemorated on May 9;

Desna River 2 (Briansk)

Briansk, Ukraine (Desna River 2, First Great Abatis Line 1566, trade r, Smolensk, Br, Ch, Kiev, Vohly to Poland)
Briansk, Ukraine (Desna River 1) ; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on August 17; St Maximus, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on December 6 ; St. Gerasimus of Boldino, Commemorated on May 1; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated May 3 ; St Oleg the Prince of Briansk, Commemorated September 20 ; Venerable Polycarp of Briansk, Commemorated February 23 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on May 3 ;

Forests of Bryansk, Ukraine (Desna River 2)
Forests of Bryansk ; St Maximus, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on December 6 ; Venerable Macarius of Optina;

Karachev district, Ukraine (Desna River 2)
Karachev district; Icon of the Mother of God "Assuage My Sorrows", Commemorated October 9; Venerable Leonid of Optina, Commemorated on October 11 ;

Karachev, Ukraine (Desna River 2)
Karachev; Venerable Macarius of Optina; Venerable Leonid of Optina, Commemorated on October 11 ;

Seltso (Desna River 2, Kiev, Ukraine)
Seltso; Venerable Euphrosyne the Abbess of Polotsk, Commemorated on May 23;

Desna River 3 (Sev River, Sloboda)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 4, Desna River 3, Sev River Folder

Sev River

Sev River Source

Sev River 1 (Sevsk)

Sevsk, Ukraine (Sev River 1)
Sevsk (Sev River); St Sophronius the Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated on March 30; Venerable Macarius of Optina; Venerable Leonid of Optina;

Sloboda Ukraine (Desna River 3, Sev River Mouth)
Sloboda Ukraine Wild Fields immediately south of Severia; Sloboda Ukraine was the sparsely inhabited area of the Wild Fields on the south border of Muscovite Russia, immediately south of Severia, was traditionally used by the Crimean Tatars and Nogai Tatars to launch annual raids into Russian territories along the Muravsky Trail and Izyum Trail. Apart from the Cossacks, the settlers of Sloboda Ukraine included peasants and townspeople from Right and Left-bank Ukraine, divided by the Treaty of Andrusovo in 1667. The name Sloboda Ukraine derives from the word sloboda, a Slavic term meaning freedom (or liberty), and also the name of a type of settlement. The settlers of a sloboda were freed by the Tsar from the obligation of paying taxes and fees for a certain period of time, which proved to be very enticing for settlers. By the end of the 18th century, 523 slobodas (slobody) had been settled in Sloboda Ukraine.

Desna River 4 (Seym River Mouth)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 4, Desna River 4, Seym River Folder, Kursk

Seym River

Seym River Source (Kursk, confluence Kur and Tuskar Rivers)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 4, Desna River 4, Seym River Source, Kur and Tuscar Rivers Folder

Tuskar River

Kur River

Kur River Mouth (Seym River Source, Tuskar River)

Kursk, Ukraine (Seym River Source, Kur and Tuskar River mouths)
Kursk; Venerable Macarius of Optina, Commemorated September 7 ; Icon of the Mother of God "œof the Sign", the "œKursk-Root", Commemorated on September 8 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Glinsk, Commemorated on September 8 ; Icon of the Mother of God "œof the Sign", the "œKursk-Root", Commemorated on September 8 ; Martyr and Confessor Michael the Wonderworker of Chernigov, Commemorated September 20 ; Icon of the Mother of God "œKursk-Root", Commemorated on November 27 ; Commemoration of the Weeping Icon of the Mother of God "of the Sign" at Novgorod, Commemorated November 27 ; Repose of the Venerable Seraphim the Wonderworker of Sarov, Commemorated January 2 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Kursk Root" "œof the Sign", Commemorated on March 8; Venerable Joseph of Optina, Commemorated on May 9 ;

Lgov, Kursk Oblast
Lgov, Kursk Oblast; Venerable Macarius of Optina, Commemorated September 7 ;

Seym River 1

Seym River 2 (Ryla)

Ryla (Rylsk) (Seym River 2)
Ryla (Rylsk); Icon of the Mother of God "œKursk-Root", Commemorated on November 27;

Seym River 3 (Putivl)

Putivl, Ukraine (Seym River 3)
Putivl; Icon of the Mother of God of Molcha, Commemorated on April 24; Icon of the Mother of God of Putivil, Commemorated on May 2 ;

Glinsk wilderness of the Kursk region
Glinsk wilderness of the Kursk region Icon of the Mother of God of Glinsk, Commemorated on September 8 ;

Glinsk Hermitage (between Seym and Desna Rivers) 1648
Glinsk Hermitage ; Venerable Macarius of Optina, Commemorated on September 7; Icon of the Mother of God of Glinsk, Commemorated on September 8 ;

Seym River 4

Baturino, Ukraine (Seym River 4)
Baturino (in the Chernigov diocese, Ukraine); Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ;

Seym River Mouth (Desna River 4)

Desna River 5 (Chernigov)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 4, Desna River 5, Chernigov

Chernigov, Ukraine (Desna River 5) western trade through Kiev, Volhy, to Poland
Chernigov; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10 ; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; Venerable Polycarp the Archimandrite of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 24; ; Icon of the Mother of God "Chernigov-Gethsemane", Commemorated September 1 ; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Domnitsa, Commemorated September 8 ; Uncovering of the relics of St Theodosius the Archbishop of Chernigov, Commemorated September 9 ; Right-believing Great Prince Igor of Kiev and Chernigov, Commemorated September 19 ; Martyr and Confessor Michael the Wonderworker of Chernigov, Commemorated September 20 ; Venerable Nicholas Sviatosha Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 14 ; Repose of St Innocent the first Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated November 26 ; Hieromartyr Philip the Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia, Commemorated on January 9 ; Icon of the Mother of God "œElets-Chernigov", Commemorated on February 5; Icon of the Mother of God "the Seeker of the Lost", Commemorated February 5 ; Translation of the relics of the Martyr Michael of Chernigov, Commemorated February 14 ; Venerable Polycarp of Briansk, Commemorated on February 23; Repose of St Alexander Nevsky; Repose of St Innocent the first Bishop of Irkutsk; Icon of the Mother of God of Novgorod; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; Icon of the Mother of God "the Seeker of the Lost", Commemorated February 5 ; Translation of the relics of the Martyr Michael of Chernigov, Commemorated February 14 ; Venerable Polycarp of Briansk, Commemorated February 23 ; Right-believing Prince Basil (Vasilko) of Rostov, Commemorated on March 4; St Sophronius the Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated on March 30; Icon of the Mother of God Weeping "œIlyin Chernigov", Commemorated on April 16 ; St Athanasius the Great the Patriarch of Alexandria, Commemorated on May 2 ; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on May 3 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Lubech, Commemorated on May 7; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10 ; Venerable Agapitus the Unmercenary Physician of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on June 1; New Martyr Archbishop Andronicus of Perm, Commemorated on June 4; Repose of St Theodore Yaroslavich the older brother of St Alexander Nevsky in Novgorod, Commemorated on June 5; Blessed Constantine the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 5; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10; Icon of the Mother of God of Balikin, Commemorated on June 30;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Chernigov History Folder

Russia, Chernigov, 1073-1077, K Rus King, Sviatoslav II of Kiev, NIcholas, Y's younger son, Vohly trade
Kiev Rus King, 1073-1077, Sviatoslav II of Kiev, Nicholas; II Iaroslavich or Sviatoslav II Yaroslavich (1027 – 27 December 1076[1] in Kiev [Kyiv]) was Grand Prince of Kiev between 1073 and 1076. was born as a younger son of Grand Prince Yaroslav the Wise. His baptismal name was Nicholas. ruled the Principality of Vladimir in Volhynia in his father's lifetime (from around 1040 to 1054). Yaroslav the Wise, who divided the Kievan Rus' between his five sons in his testament, willed the Principality of Chernigov to Sviatoslav. Sviatoslav joined his brothers, Iziaslav of Kiev and Vsevolod of Pereyaslav, in forming a princely "triumvirate" that oversaw the affairs of Kievan Rus' until 1072. The three brothers together fought against their enemies, including the nomadic Oghuz Turks, and their distant relative, Prince Vseslav of Polotsk. The Cumans defeated their united force in the autumn of 1068, but Sviatoslav routed a Cuman band plundering his principality. "triumvirate" broke up, when Sviatoslav, supported by his younger brother Vsevolod, dethroned and replaced their older brother Iziaslav in 1073. He commissioned the compilation of at least two miscellanies of theological works. Otherwise, his short reign was uneventful. 1 Early life 2 Triumvirate 3 Grand Prince of Kiev 4 Family 5 See also 6 References 7 Sources 7.1 Primary sources 7.2 Secondary sources 8 Further reading life[edit] was the fourth son of Yaroslav the Wise, Grand Prince of Kiev, and his wife, Ingegerd of Sweden.[2] He was born in 1027.[2] The Lyubetskiy sinodik—a list of the princes of Chernigov which was completed in the Monastery of Saint Anthony in Lyubech—writes that his baptismal name was Nicholas.[3] Russian Primary Chronicle writes that Sviatoslav was staying "at Vladimir"[4] (Volodymyr-Volynskyi, Ukraine) in Volhynia around the time his father fell seriously ill before his death.[5] According to the historian Martin Dimnik, the chronicle's report shows that Yaroslav the Wise had, most probably in about 1040, appointed Sviatoslav to rule this important town of the Kievan Rus'.[6] his deathbed, Yaroslav the Wise divided the most important towns of his realm among his five sons—Iziaslav, Sviatoslav, Vsevolod, Igor, and Vyacheslav—who survived him.[7][8] To Sviatoslav, he bequeathed Chernigov (Chernihiv, Ukraine).[9] The dying grand prince also ordered that his four younger sons should "heed"[10] their eldest brother, Iziaslav who received Kiev.[8] of the Kievan Rus' in the Kievan Rus' (1054–1132) the Wise died on 20 February 1054.[11] His three elder sons—Iziaslav of Kiev, Sviatoslav of Chernigov, and Vsevolod of Pereyaslav—decided to jointly govern the Kievan Rus'.[12] Historian Martin Dimnik writes that taking into account Sviatoslav's political and military skills it "is reasonable to assume that he was one of the main motivating forces, if not the actual architect, of many of the policies adopted" by the three brothers.[13] The "triumviri" closely cooperated in the following years.[12] In 1059 they liberated their uncle, Sudislav whom their father had sent to prison around 1035.[14][15] They made a joint expedition "by horse and ship against the Torks"[16] or Oghuz Turks, according to the Russian Primary Chronicle, in 1060.[17] On hearing of the arrival of the Rus' forces, the Torks fled from their lands without resistance.[18] 1065, Sviatoslav led his troops against his nephew, Rostislav Vladimirovich, who had in the previous year expelled by force Sviatoslav's son, Gleb from Tmutorakan.[19] Upon Sviatoslav's arrival, Rostislav withdrew from this important center of his uncle's domains, but he reoccupied it after Sviatoslav had returned to Chernigov.[20] A distant cousin of the "triumviri", Vseslav Briacheslavich (Prince of Polotsk), attacked Pskov in 1065, according to The Chronicle of Pskov.[21][22] Vseslav Briacheslavich could not take this town, but he seized and plundered Novgorod—which had been ruled by Iziaslav of Kiev's son, Mstislav—in the next winter.[21][23] Izyaslav, Sviatoslav and Vsevolod soon united their forces and set forth against Vseslav, "though it was the dead of winter",[24] according to the Russian Primary Chronicle.[25] They routed Vseslav's army by the Nemiga River (near Minsk) on 3 March 1066.[25] Vseslav, who fled from the battlefield, agreed to enter into negotiations with the "triumviri", but they treacherously captured him at a meeting at Orsha in early June.[22][25] Cumans, who had emerged as the dominant power of the Pontic steppes in the early 1060s, invaded the southern regions of Kievan Rus' in 1068.[26] The three brothers together marched against the invaders, but the Cumans routed them on the Alta River.[27] From the battlefield, Sviatoslav withdrew to Chernigov and regrouped his troops.[27] He returned to defeat the Cumans with a smaller force at the town of Snovsk on 1 November, thus enhancing his prestige among the populace.[27] In the meantime, the townspeople of Kiev had dethroned and expelled Sviatoslav's brother, Iziaslav.[28] Taking advantage of Iziaslav's absence, Sviatopluk sent his own son, Gleb to Novgorod to rule the town.[29][30] returned at the head of Polish reinforcements.[31] The townspeople of Kiev sent messages to Sviatoslav and Vsevolod, imploring them to come to their "father's city"[32] and defend it, according to the Russian Primary Chronicle.[33] Sviatoslav and Vsevolod requested Iziaslav "not to lead the Poles in attack upon Kiev", stating that "if he intended to nurse his wrath and destroy the city, they would be properly concerned for the ancestral capital".[33][34][31] Iziaslav partially acquiesced: he did not let his Polish allies enter the town, but his retinue slaughtered or mutilated many of his opponents in Kiev.[35] He also attempted to punish Anthony—the founder of the Monastery of the Caves in Kiev—who had supported his enemies, but Sviatoslav gave shelter to the saintly monk in Chernigov.[36] Iziaslav's return to Kiev, the "triumvirate" was restored.[28] The three brothers together visited Vyshhorod in order to participate in the translation of the relics of their saintly uncles, Boris and Gleb on 3 May 1072.[37] According to The Narrative, Passion, and Encomium of Boris and Gleb, Sviatoslav took Saint Gleb's hand and "pressed it to his injury, for he had pain in his neck, and to his eyes, and to his forehead"[38] before placing it back into the coffin.[39] In short Sviatoslav felt a pain at the top of his head and his servant found a fingernail of the saint under his cap.[39] Most historians agree that the three brothers expanded their father's legal code on this occasion, but the exact date is unknown.[40] [41] Prince of Kiev[edit] Izbornik of 1076 page from Sviatoslav's Izbornik of 1073 to the Russian Primary Chronicle, "the devil stirred up strife"[42] among the three brothers shortly after the canonization of Saints Boris and Gleb.[43][44] Sviatoslav and Vsevolod united their forces and expelled Iziaslav from Kiev on 22 March 1073.[43] The chronicler put the blame for this action on Sviatoslav, stating that "he was the instigator of his brother's expulsion, for he desired more power".[42][44] The chronicler also states that Sviatoslav had "misled Vsevolod by asserting that" Iziaslav "was entering into an alliance"[42] with Vseslav Briacheslavich against them.[44] Modern historians disagree about the motives of Sviatoslav's action. Franklin and Shepard write that he was driven by "straightforward greed";[45] Martin says that Sviatoslav who seems to have suffered from a grave illness wanted to secure his sons' right to Kiev which would have been lost if Sviatoslav "had predeceased Iziaslav without having ruled"[46] the town. In fact, the Russian Primary Chronicle states that it was Sviatoslav who "ruled in Kiev after the expulsion"[42] of Iziaslav.[47] the head of the Monastery of the Caves, Feodosy criticized Sviatoslav for usurping the throne.[43][48] However, before his death in May 1074 he was reconciled with the grand prince, who supported the foundation of a stone church dedicated to the Mother of God in Kiev.[45][49] Sviatoslav also supported the compilation of ecclesiastic works. Two izborniki or miscellanies—collections of excerpts from the Bible and from theological works—were completed under his auspices in 1073 and 1076.[50] According to the Izbornik of 1073, Sviatoslav, who is praised as a "new Ptolemy", had by that time collected a great number of spiritual books.[51] rule was short and uneventful.[52] His dethroned brother first fled to Poland, but Duke Boleslav II, who was Sviatoslav's son-in-law, expelled him from his lands.[28][53] Next Iziaslav sought the assistance of the German monarch, Henry IV.[43] The latter, in 1075, sent his envoys—including Sviatoslav's brother-in-law, Burchard—to Kiev to collect more information.[54] According to the Russian Primary Chronicle, "in his pride", Sviatoslav "showed them his riches", displaying them "the innumerable quantity of his gold, silver and silks".[55][56] In 1076 Sviatoslav sent reinforcements to Poland to help his son-in-law against the Bohemians.[57] died on 27 December 1076.[1] The Russian Primary Chronicle writes that "the cutting of a sore"[58] caused his death.[59] He was buried in the Holy Savior Cathedral in Chernigov.[59] Within a year, his elder brother Iziaslav was restored and Sviatoslav's sons lost most parts of his domains.[1][60] Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27; Venerable Barlaam the Abbot of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 19; Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated on November 22; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated on January 28; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14 ; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27; Uncovering of the relics of St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 30; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21; Venerable Agapitus the Unmercenary Physician of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on June 1 ;

Domnitsa River

Berezna, Chernigov (Desna River 5)
Berezna, Chernigov; Icon of the Mother of God of Domnitsa, Commemorated September 8 ;

Domnitsa (River near Berezna)
Domnitsa (River near Berezna); Icon of the Mother of God of Domnitsa, Commemorated September 8 ;

Chernihiv (Schekovitsa)
Chernihiv (Schekovitsa) ; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; Venerable Polycarp the Archimandrite of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 24; St Theoctistus, Bishop of Chernigov, Commemorated August 5 ;

Schekovitsa (Chernihiv)
Chernihiv (Schekovitsa) ; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; Venerable Polycarp the Archimandrite of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 24; St Theoctistus, Bishop of Chernigov, Commemorated August 5 ;

Boldina Hill, Chernigov

Eletsk Chernigov monastery, Boldina Hill, Ukraine, 1030 and 1851
Eletsk Chernigov monastery; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Novgorod; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov; Icon of the Mother of God "Elets-Chernigov", Commemorated February 5 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10;

Rurik dynasty, 862, from Chernigov, Kiev Rus, including Boryatinskys
Rurik dynasty, 862, from Chernigov, Kiev Rus, including Boryatinskys; Chernigov; Venerable Polycarp of Briansk, Commemorated on February 23;

Caves of the Eletsky Monastery, Chernigov, Ukraine, before 1050
caves of the Eletsky Monastery, Chernigov ; Caves Monasteries; Icon of the Mother of God Weeping "œIlyin Chernigov", Commemorated on April 16 ; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10;

Caves of the Eletsky Monastery, Chernigov, Ukraine, 1030 and 1851
caves of the Eletsky Monastery, Chernigov ; Caves Monasteries; Icon of the Mother of God Weeping "Ilyin Chernigov", Commemorated on April 16 ; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10;

Trinity Monastery Chernigov, 1030
Trinity Monastery Chernigov, 1030; Icon of the Mother of God "œChernigov-Gethsemane", Commemorated on September 1; Icon of the Mother of God "œElets-Chernigov", Commemorated on February 5;

Trinity-Ilyin Monastery Chernigov, 1030
Trinity Monastery Chernigov, 1030; Icon of the Mother of God "œChernigov-Gethsemane", Commemorated on September 1; Icon of the Mother of God "œElets-Chernigov", Commemorated on February 5;

Desna River 6

Florovsk Ascension monastery in Kiev (Desna River 6) 1722
Florovsk Ascension monastery in Kiev; Icon of the Mother of God of Rudens, Commemorated October 12 ;

Desna River Mouth (Kiev, Vishgorod, Dnipper River 4)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 4, Pripyat River Folder, Wormwood, Chenoble

Pripyat River

Pripyat River Source (Dnieper Bug Canal)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 4, Pripyat River Source, Dnieper Bug Canal Folder

Dnieper Bug Canal Start Point (Brest)
Dnieper Bug Canal (Portages and Canals; Russia, Poland and Lithuania;

Dnieper Bug Canal End Point - Pinsk, Russia (Pripyat River to Dnieper River)

Dnieper Bug Canal - Brest to Pinsk

Dnieper Bug Canal - Lesna, Poland (Narew River)

Dnieper Bug Canal End Point - Sapotskin, Lithuania (Neman River)

Dnieper Bug Canal - Brest to Sapotskin

Pripyat River 1 (Pinsk)

Pinsk, Ukraine (Pripyat River 1)
Pinsk; Martyr Athanasius the Abbot of Brest, Commemorated September 5 ; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kupyatitich, Commemorated on November 15; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ;

Duboisk [Dubovsk] monastery near Pinsk, Ukraine
Duboisk [Dubovsk] monastery near Pinsk ; Martyr Athanasius the Abbot of Brest, Commemorated September 5 ;

Pripyat River 2 (Turov and Mazyr)

Turov and Pinsk Principality, Ukraine
Principality of Turov and Pinsk; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated January 29 ; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28;

Turov, Ukraine (Horyn River Mouth, Pripyat River 2)
Turov; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated January 29 ; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28; Hieromartyr Macarius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on May 1; Venerable Martin of Turov, Commemorated on June 27;

Chernobyl (Wormwood) Disaster (Kiev, Pirypat River Mouth)
Chernobyl (Wormwood) Disaster;

Pripyat River Mouth (Kiev, Dneiper River 4)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 4, Pereyaslavl Folder (Alta River, Trubizh River)

Trubizh River

Trubizh River Mouth (Pereyaslavl, Dnieper River 5)

Alta River

Yahotyn River
Yahotyn River, Perevaslavl ;

Berezan, Russian Pereyaslavl, Poltava, Ukraine
Berezan; St Sophronius the Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated on March 30;

Zolotonoshka River

Zolotonoshka River Source. a lake

Zolotonosha, Pereyaslavl, Poltava, Ukraine
Zolotonosha, Pereyaslavl, Poltava, Ukraine; St. Sophronius the Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated on March 30;

Zolotonoshka River Mouth (Dnieper River )

Pereyaslavl, Ukraine, (the Principality, Alta River, Trubizh River, Dnieper River 4)
Pereyaslavl; Repose of the Venerable Cornelius of Pereyaslavl; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated Janaury 28 ; St Sophronius the Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated on March 30; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Russian or Southern Pereyaslavl
Russian or Southern Pereyaslavl; Translation of the relics of the Right-believing Igor-George, Tonsured Gabriel, Grand Prince of Chernigov, and Kiev, Commemorated on June 5;

Dnieper River 5 (Chigirinsk)

Malorussia, Little Russia (Ukraine), 1764 (Right Bank Dnieper River 5)
Little Russia; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; St Maximus, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on December 6 ; Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrhgusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26 ; Venerable Paisius Velichkovsky, Commemorated on November 15; Dedication of the Church of the Greatmartyr George at Kiev, Commemorated on November 26 ; NICHOLAS OF MYRA, FRIEND OF CHILDREN, GIVER OF GIFTS, CLIMBER OF CHIMNEYS, ETC. (6 DEC 326) ; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ; Martyr Tryphon of Campsada Near Apamea in Syria, Commemorated on February 1 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod; Monkmartyr Pachomius of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 7; Confessor, whose relics are on the island of Euboia, Commemorated on May 27; Martyr Justin the Philosopher and those with him at Rome, Commemorated on June 1; Blessed Constantine the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 5; St Anthimus, Bishop of Georgia, Commemorated on June 13; St Jonah the Metropolitan of Moscow, Commemorated on June 15; Blessed Prince Gleb Andreevich the Son of St Andrew Bogoliubsky, Commemorated on June 20 ; Appearance of the Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on June 26; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at Blachernae, Commemorated on July 2;

Little Russia (Ukraine), 1764 (Right Bank Dnieper River 5)
Little Russia; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; St Maximus, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on December 6 ; Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrhgusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26 ; Venerable Paisius Velichkovsky, Commemorated on November 15; Dedication of the Church of the Greatmartyr George at Kiev, Commemorated on November 26 ; NICHOLAS OF MYRA, FRIEND OF CHILDREN, GIVER OF GIFTS, CLIMBER OF CHIMNEYS, ETC. (6 DEC 326) ; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ; Martyr Tryphon of Campsada Near Apamea in Syria, Commemorated on February 1 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod; Monkmartyr Pachomius of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 7; Confessor, whose relics are on the island of Euboia, Commemorated on May 27; Martyr Justin the Philosopher and those with him at Rome, Commemorated on June 1; Blessed Constantine the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 5; St Anthimus, Bishop of Georgia, Commemorated on June 13; St Jonah the Metropolitan of Moscow, Commemorated on June 15; Blessed Prince Gleb Andreevich the Son of St Andrew Bogoliubsky, Commemorated on June 20 ; Appearance of the Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on June 26; The Placing of the Honorable Robe of the Most Holy Mother of God at Blachernae, Commemorated on July 2;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 5, Ukraine, Sula River Folder

Sula River

Sula River Source

Holy Transfiguration Mgarsk monestary, Udai River Mouth, Sula River, Ukraine, 1619
Holy Transfiguration Mgarsk monastery; Uncovering of the relics of St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated September 4 ; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ; St Athanasius of Lubensk the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 2;

Mgarsk monestary, Udai River Mouth, Sula River, Ukraine, 1619
Holy Transfiguration Mgarsk monastery; Uncovering of the relics of St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated September 4 ; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ; St Athanasius of Lubensk the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 2;

Sula River 1 (Romny)

Sula (Vorskla) River 1 (Akhtyr)

Akhtyr, Ukraine (Sula (Vorskla) River 1)
Akhtyr ; Icon of the Mother of God of Akhtyr, Commemorated July 2 ;

Sula River 2 (Lubno, Udai River Mouth)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 5, Ukraine, Sula River 2, Udai River Folder

Udai River

Udai River Source (along the border)

Nizhyn, Ukraine (Udai River Source, Sula River)
Nizhyn; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10;

Udai River 1 (Priluki)

Priluki, Pereyaslavl, Poltava, Ukraine (Udai River 1)
Priluki city (Udai River); Martyr Galacteon of Vologda, Commemorated on September 24 ; Venerable Demetrius the Wonderworker of Priluki, Vologda, Commemorated February 11 ; St Sophronius the Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated on March 30; St Euphrosyne the Princess, (Eudoxia) of Moscow, Commemorated on May 17 ; Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Sergius of Radonezh, Commemorated on July 5;

Udai River Mouth (Sula River 2)

Lubno (Lubensk, Lubny), Ukraine (Udai River Mouth, Sula River2)
Lubno (Lubensk); Uncovering of the relics of St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated September 4 ; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ; St Athanasius of Lubensk the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 2;

Sula River Mouth (Dnieper River 5)
Sula River Mouth (Dnieper River 5);

Chigirinsk, Ukraine (Across from Sula River Mouth, Dnieper River 5)
Chigirinsk; Icon of the Mother of God of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 17; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 5, Ukraine, Psel River Folder

Psel River

Psel River Source (Kursk Oblast, Russia)

Psel River (Oboyan, Russia)

Psel River (Sumy, Ukraine)

Psel River (Hadiach, Ukraine)

Psel River Mouth (Dnieper River 5)
Psel River ;

Dnieper River 6 (Ekaterinoslav)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River 6, Ukraine, Vorskla River Folder

Vorskla River (Vystra River)

Vorskla River Source (near Belgorod, Central Russian Upland )
Central Russian Upland;

Kharkov, Ukraine (Three Rivers source of the Seversky Donets, Vorskla River)
Kharkov; Icon of the Mother of God of Ozerianka, Commemorated on October 30 ; Icon of the Mother of God œElets-Chernigov, Commemorated on February 5; Icon of the Mother of God "the Seeker of the Lost", Commemorated February 5 ; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28; St Athanasius of Lubensk the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 2; Venerable Joseph of Optina, Commemorated on May 9; Icon of the Mother of God of Akhtyr, Commemorated July 2 ;

Vorskla River 1 (Russia Ukraine border)

Vorskla River 2

Vorskla River 3

Vorskla River 4

Akhtyr, Ukraine, Vorskla River 4
Akhtyr, Ukraine, Vorskla River 4; St. Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 29; Icon of the Mother of God of Akhtyr, Commemorated on July 2 ;

Vorskla River 6 (Poltava)

Poltava, Ukraine (Vorskla River 6)
Poltava; Icon of the Mother of God of Rzhevsk, Commemorated on July 11 ; Uncovering of the relics of St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated September 4 ; Venerable Paisius Velichkovsky, Commemorated on November 15; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated December 10 ; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28;

Poltava Governorate, Kiev or Ukraine
Poltava Governorate; Uncovering of the relics of St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated September 4 ; St Joasaph the Bishop of Belgorod, Commemorated on December 10 ;

Rzhevets Monastery (Poltava)
Rzhevets Monastery (Poltava); Icon of the Mother of God of Rzhevsk, Commemorated on July 11 ;

Vorskla River Mouth (Dnieper River 6)

Ekaterinoslav Seminary, Ukraine (Vorskla Mouth, Dnieper River 6) 1787
Ekaterinoslav Seminary ; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; St Meletius, Archbishop of Kharkov and Akhtyr, Commemorated on February 28;

Dnieper River Mouth (Dnieper Gulf, North Black Sea)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper River Mouth, Ukraine, Southern Bug River Folder

Southern Bug River

Southern Bug 1 (Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine)

Southern Bug 2 (Vinnytsia, Ukraine)

Southern Bug 3 (Olviopolis and Pervomaisk, Ukraine)

Olviopolis, Ukraine (Southern Bug River 3)
Olviopolis; Translation of the Icon of the Mother of God in Triumph to Russia, Commemorated on September 18 ; Icon of the Mother of God œStaro Rus Old Russian, Commemorated on May 4;

Southern Bug River Mouth (Mykolaiv, Bug Estuary, Black Sea)

Sarmatia, Ukraine (Dneiper River Mouth)
Sarmatians; Martyr Romulus and with him many others, Commemorated September 6 ;

Dnieper River Mouth (from Smolensk and Kiev)
Dnieper River (from Kiev) ; Apostle Andrew, the Holy and All-Praised First-Called;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Drevlyany Lands Folder, Ovruch

Ovruch, Ukraine (the center of Drevlyany Lands)
Ovrucha; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dniester River Folder

Russia, Gallich (Ukraine or Little Rus)
Ukraine; FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE, NURSE, RENEWER OF SOCIETY (12 AUGUST 1910); Icon of the Mother of God "the Merciful", Commemorated December 27 ; St Vladimir, Metropolitan of Kiev and Gallich, Commemorated January 25 ;

Dniester River

Podolia, Southwest Ukraine, North and West of Moldova, between Dniester and Southern Bug
Podolia, Southwest Ukraine; Saint Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11;

Dniester River Source (Ukranian Carpathians near Drohobych)
Dniester River Source: Ukranian Carpathians near Drohobych.

Dniester River 1 (Ukraine)

Dniester River 2 (Galich, Ukraine)

Dniester River 3 (Ukraine)

Dniester River 4 (Seret River Mouth)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dniester River 5, Siret River Folder

Siret River

Seret River Source
Seret River;

Seret River 1 (Ternopol, Ukraine)

Ternopol (Seret River 1)

Seret River 2 (Terebovlya, Ukraine)

Terebovlya, Ukraine or Moldovia (Seret River 2)
Terebovlya, Ukraine (Seret River 2) ; Terebovlya Icon of the Most Holy Mother of God, Commemorated October 1 ;

Terebovlya Princes (1223-1246)
Terebovlya Princes (1223-1246) ; Terebovlya, Ukraine (Seret River 2) ; Terebovlya Icon of the Most Holy Mother of God, Commemorated October 1 ;

Ugornits monastery, Terebovlya, Ukraine (Seret River 2) 1097
Transfiguration Ugornits monastery; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28;

Seret River 3

Seret River Mouth (Dniester River 4)

Kasperov, Ukraine (Seret River Mouth, Dniester River 4)
Kasperov, Ukraine (Seret River Mouth, Dniester River 4); Icon of the Mother of God of Kasperov, Commemorated on October 1;

Dniester River 5 (Khotyn, Smotrych River Mouth)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dniester River 5, Smotrych River Folder

Smotrych River

Smotrych River Source

Smotrych River Mouth (Dniester River 5)

Kamenets Podolski, Ukraine or Moldovia (Smotrych Mouth, Dniester 5)
Kamenets Podolski, Ukraine or Moldovia ; Terebovlya Icon of the Most Holy Mother of God, Commemorated October 1 ;

Dniester River 6 (entering Moldova)

Poldolia, Ukraine (northeast of Dneister R. to Kiev and Pirypat R.
Poldolia, Ukraine; St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated on February 5 ;

Dniester River 7 (near Podoha)

Dniester River 8 (Dubasari, Moldova)

Dniester River 9 (Bender, Moldova)

Dniester River Mouth (near Odessa, Black Sea)

Odessa, Ukraine (near Dniester River Mouth, Black Sea, near Crimea)
Odessa, Ukraine (near Dniester River Mouth 19 miles to the South); Icon of the Mother of God of Kasperov, Commemorated October 1 ; Hieromartyr Kirion II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia, Commemorated on June 27; Icon of the Mother of God of Kasperov, Commemorated on June 29; Kasperov Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos. Tradition says that this holy icon had been brought to Cherson from Transylvania by a Serb at the end of the sixteenth century. Passing down from parent and child, the icon had come to a certain Mrs. Kasperova of Cherson in 1809. night in February of 1840 she was praying, seeking consolation in her many sorrows. Looking at the icon of the Virgin, she noticed that the features of the icon, darkened by age, had suddenly become bright. Soon the icon was glorified by many miracles, and people regarded it as wonderworking. the Crimean War (1853-1856), the icon was carried in procession through the city of Odessa, which was besieged by enemy forces. On Great and Holy Friday, the city was spared. Since that time, an Akathist has been served before the icon in the Dormition Cathedral of Odessa every Friday. icon is painted with oils on a canvas mounted on wood. The Mother of God holds Her Son on her left arm. The Child is holding a scroll. Saint John the Baptist (Janurary 7) is depicted on one side of the icon, and Saint Tatiana (January 12) on the other. These were probably the patron saints of the original owners of the icon. Kasperov Icon is commemorated on October 1, June 29, and Bright Wednesday.

Odessa Cathedral, 1794
Odessa Cathedral, 1794; Hieromartyr Kirion II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia, Commemorated on June 27; Icon of the Mother of God of Kasperov, Commemorated on June 29; Kasperov Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos. Tradition says that this holy icon had been brought to Cherson from Transylvania by a Serb at the end of the sixteenth century. Passing down from parent and child, the icon had come to a certain Mrs. Kasperova of Cherson in 1809. night in February of 1840 she was praying, seeking consolation in her many sorrows. Looking at the icon of the Virgin, she noticed that the features of the icon, darkened by age, had suddenly become bright. Soon the icon was glorified by many miracles, and people regarded it as wonderworking. the Crimean War (1853-1856), the icon was carried in procession through the city of Odessa, which was besieged by enemy forces. On Great and Holy Friday, the city was spared. Since that time, an Akathist has been served before the icon in the Dormition Cathedral of Odessa every Friday. icon is painted with oils on a canvas mounted on wood. The Mother of God holds Her Son on her left arm. The Child is holding a scroll. Saint John the Baptist (Janurary 7) is depicted on one side of the icon, and Saint Tatiana (January 12) on the other. These were probably the patron saints of the original owners of the icon. Kasperov Icon is commemorated on October 1, June 29, and Bright Wednesday.

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Molchna and Kalka Riverr Folder, above Cirmea

Molochna River

Melitopol, Ukraine (Molochna River 3)
Melitopol; St Parthenius the Bishop of Lampsacus on the Hellespont, Commemorated February 7;

Molochna River Source (along the border)

Molochna (Milky) River 1

Molochna River 2

Molochna River 3 (Melitopol)

Molochna River Mouth (Sea of Azov)

Kalka River

Kalka River Mouth (Sea of Azov)

Battle of Kalka River at Mariupol (1223)
Battle of Kalka River at Mariupol; Mongol Tartar Invasion 1223-1241; Venerable Abramius the Archimandrite and Wonderworker of Smolensk, Commemorated August 21 ; Icon of the Mother of God Ã¢Â€Âœof the SignÃ¢Â€ÂÂÂÂ, the Ã¢Â€ÂœKursk-RootÃ¢Â€ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on September 8;

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Dnieper (Varangian) Trade Route Folder

Dnieper (Varanigan) Trade Route (Varangia to Constantinople)
The chief trade route of Rus, from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea, was then called ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚Âœthe Way from the Varangians to the Greeks.ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ

Dnieper (Varangian) Trade Route 1 (Constantinople)

Dnieper (Varangian) Trade Route 2 (Cherson, Korsun, Crimea)

Dnieper (Varangian) Trade Route 3 (Dnieper Gulf)

Dnieper (Varangian) Trade Route 4 (Ekaternoslav)

Dnieper (Varangian) Trade Route 5 (Kiev)

Dnieper (Varangian) Trade Route 6 (Mogilev)

Dnieper (Varangian) Trade Route 7 (Smolensk)

Dnieper (Varangian) Trade Route 8 (Dorogobuzha, Dnieper River 1)

Dnieper (Varangian) Trade Route 9 (Sehzharovo, Volga River 2)

Russia, Kiev and Ukraine, Kiev Caves Folder

Kiev Caves, 1051
Kiev Caves; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10 ; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of Makhrishche, Vologda, Commemorated on July 14; Venerable Pambo the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Venerable Paisius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 19; Venerable Polycarp the Archimandrite of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 24; Venerable Moses the Hungarian of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated July 26 ; Venerable Moses the Wonderworker of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on July 28; ; St Mercurius the Bishop of Smolensk, Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 7 ; Venerable Pimen the Much-Ailing of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 7; Venerable Gregory the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 8; Martyr Basil of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 11; St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Translation of the relics of the Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on August 14; Icon of the Mother of God of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 17 ; Venerable Alypius the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 17; Venerable Abramius the lover-of-labor of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 21 ; Hieromartyr and Venerable Kuksha of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 27; Venerable Pimen of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 27 ; Synaxis of the Saints of the Kiev Caves, whose relics repose in the Far Caves of the Venerable Theodosius, Commemorated on August 28; St John the Faster the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated September 2 ; Venerable Joseph the Abbot of Volokolamsk, Volotsk, Commemorated on September 9 ; Venerable Paul the Obedient, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on September 10; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated September 30 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Pskov œthe Protection, Commemorated on October 1; Venerable Dionysius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 3 ; Venerable Theodore (In monasticism Theodosius) the Prince of Ostrog, Commemorated on October 10 ; Venerable Longinus the Gatekeeper of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 16; Venerable Hilarion the Schemamonk of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 21 ; Venerable Mercurius the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on November 24 ; Venerable Athanasius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on December 2 ; Venerable Athanasius œthe Resurrected One, Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 2 ; Venerable Ignatius the Archimandrite of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated December 20 ; Venerable Mark the Grave-Digger of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated December 29 ; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia ; Venerable Sisoes the Schemamonk of the Kiev Far Caves; Venerable Paisius of the Kiev Far Caves; Venerable Polycarp the Archimandrite of the Kiev Far Caves; Venerable Gregory the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves; Martyr Basil of the Kiev Near Caves; Venerable Alypius the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves; Icon of the Mother of God of the Kiev Caves ; Venerable Abramius the lover-of-labor of the Kiev Near Caves; Hieromartyr and Venerable Kuksha of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated August 27 ; Venerable Pimen of the Kiev Near Caves; Synaxis of the Saints of the Kiev Caves, whose relics repose in the Far Caves of the Venerable Theodosius; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves Venerable Dionysius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves ; Venerable Ammon the recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated October 4 ; Repose of the Venerable Seraphim the Wonderworker of Sarov, Commemorated January 2 ; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; Venerable Gregory the Recluse, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated January 8 ; Venerable Hieromonk Alexei of Teklati, Commemorated on January 18 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves; Venerable Zeno the Faster, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated January 30 ; Venerable Nikita of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated January 31 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; Venerable Pancratius of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated February 9 ; Venerable Paphnutius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on February 15; Venerable Theodore the Silent of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated February 17 ; Venerable Agathon the Wonderworker of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated February 20 ; Venerable Titus the Soldier, of the Kiev Caves; Commemorated on February 27 ; Venerable Gerasimus of Vologda, Commemorated on March 4; Venerable Sophronius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on March 11; St Sophronius the Bishop of Irkutsk, Commemorated on March 30; Venerable Hypatius the Healer of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on March 31; Venerable Sava the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10; Venerable Silvanus the Schemamonk, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 10; St Menas, Bishop of Polotsk, Commemorated on June 20; Venerable Sisoes the Schemamonk of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 6;

Kiev Near Caves, St Anthony's Second Location, 1057
Kiev Near Caves; Venerable John the Long-Suffering of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on July 18; St Mercurius the Bishop of Smolensk, Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 7 ; Venerable Pimen the Much-Ailing of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 7; Venerable Gregory the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 8; Martyr Basil of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Venerable Alypius the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 17; Hieromartyr and Venerable Kuksha of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated August 27 ; Venerable Pimen of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 27; Venerable Arethus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24 ; Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27; Venerable Onesiphorus the Confessor of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 9 ; Venerable Barlaam the Abbot of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 19 ; Venerable Nectarius the Obedient of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 29 ; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2; Venerable Elias of Murom the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated December 19 ; Monkmartyr Anastasius the Deacon of the Kiev Near Caves; Venerable Erasmus of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated February 24 ; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 27; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Sava the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; St Simeon the Bishop of Vladimir and Suzdal of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on May 10; Venerable Isaiah the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on May 15; Venerable Agapitus the Unmercenary Physician of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on June 1; Venerable Dionysius the Abbot of Glushetsk, Vologda, Commemorated on June 1 ; Uncovering of the relics of Holy Princess Juliana Olshanskaya, Commemorated on July 6;

Kiev Far Caves - Theodosiev Caves - Berestovo Village, 1032, 1073
Kiev Far Caves - Berestovo Village ; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10 ; Venerable Pambo the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Venerable Paisius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 19; Venerable Polycarp the Archimandrite of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 24; Venerable Pimen the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 7; St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Translation of the relics of the Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on August 14 ; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated September 2 ; Venerable Paul the Obedient, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on September 10; Venerable Dionysius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 3 ; Kiev Caves Caverns; Venerable Benjamin of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 13 ; Venerable Longinus the Gatekeeper of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 16 ; St Nestor (not the Chronicler) of the Far Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27 ; St Hilarion, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated October 21 ; Venerable Martyrius the Deacon, Commemorated October 25; Venerable Martyrius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated October 25 ; St Theophilus of the Kiev Caves and Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on October 26 ; Venerable Mercurius the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated November 24 ; Venerable Athanasius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on December 2 ; Venerable Mardarius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves< Commemorated November 24 ; Venerable Mardarius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on December 13 ; Venerable Ignatius the Archimandrite of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated December 20 ; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; Venerable Macarius the Deacon of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated January 19 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated January 20 ; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated Janaury 28 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated January 29 ; Venerable Zeno the Faster, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated January 30 ; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Sophronius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on March 11; Venerable Nikita of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves the Bishop of Novgorod; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Zachariah the Ascetic of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on March 24; Venerable Gerontius the Canonarch of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 1; Venerable Joseph the Much-Ailing, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 4; Venerable Rufus the Obedient of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 8; Venerable Sava the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; Venerable Alexius the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; Venerable Theodosius the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves Monastery, and Founder of Coenobitic Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on May 3; Venerable Arsenius the Lover-of-Labor of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; Venerable Pimen the Ascetic of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; Venerable Arsenius the Lover-of-Labor of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod and Recluse, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 14 ; Venerable Silvanus the Schemamonk, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 10; Venerable Leontius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 18; Venerable Sisoes the Schemamonk of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 6;

Kiev Pechersk Lavra (Kiev Caves Lavra of Theodosis) 1051
Kiev Caves Lavra ; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10 ; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of Makhrishche, Vologda, Commemorated on July 14; Venerable John the Long-Suffering of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Venerable Moses the Wonderworker of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on July 28; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; St John the Faster the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated September 2 ; Venerable Joseph the Abbot of Volokolamsk, Volotsk, Commemorated on September 9 ; St Demetrius (Dimitri), Metropolitan of Rostov, Commemorated on October 28; Venerable John the Long-Suffering of the Kiev Near Caves; Venerable Pambo the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves; Venerable Moses the Wonderworker of the Kiev Caves; Venerable Paul the Obedient, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on September 10; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated January 20 ; Venerable Euthymius the Schemamonk, Commemorated January 20 ; St Vladimir, Metropolitan of Kiev and Gallich, Commemorated January 25 ; Venerable Nikita of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated January 31 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14; Beheading of the Venerable Cornelius the Abbot of the Pskov Caves, Commemorated February 20; Synaxis of the Venerable Fathers of the Kiev Caves Lavra; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27; Venerable Arsenius the Lover-of-Labor of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; Venerable Isaiah the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on May 15; Martyr Michael ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚Âœthe Black-RobedÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ of St Sava Monastery, Commemorated on May 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Igor, Commemorated on June 5; St Dionysius the Archbishop of Suzdal, Commemorated on June 26; Uncovering of the relics of Holy Princess Juliana Olshanskaya, Commemorated on July 6; Venerable Sisoes the Schemamonk of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 6;

Dimitriev Monasthery, founded by Isaslav aka Dimitrius, for Theodosius, 1051
Kiev Caves Lavra ; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10 ; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of Makhrishche, Vologda, Commemorated on July 14; Venerable John the Long-Suffering of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Venerable Moses the Wonderworker of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on July 28; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; St John the Faster the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated September 2 ; Venerable Joseph the Abbot of Volokolamsk, Volotsk, Commemorated on September 9 ; St Demetrius (Dimitri), Metropolitan of Rostov, Commemorated on October 28; Venerable John the Long-Suffering of the Kiev Near Caves; Venerable Pambo the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves; Venerable Moses the Wonderworker of the Kiev Caves; Venerable Paul the Obedient, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on September 10; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated January 20 ; Venerable Euthymius the Schemamonk, Commemorated January 20 ; St Vladimir, Metropolitan of Kiev and Gallich, Commemorated January 25 ; Venerable Nikita of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated January 31 ; Repose of St Theodosius of Chernigov, Commemorated February 5 ; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14; Beheading of the Venerable Cornelius the Abbot of the Pskov Caves, Commemorated February 20; Synaxis of the Venerable Fathers of the Kiev Caves Lavra; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27; Venerable Arsenius the Lover-of-Labor of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; Venerable Isaiah the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on May 15; Martyr Michael "œthe Black-Robed" of St Sava Monastery, Commemorated on May 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Igor, Commemorated on June 5; St Dionysius the Archbishop of Suzdal, Commemorated on June 26; Uncovering of the relics of Holy Princess Juliana Olshanskaya, Commemorated on July 6; Venerable Sisoes the Schemamonk of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 6;

Kiev Pechersk (Caves), Kiev Neighborhood
Pechersk, Kiev; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10 ; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Paul the Obedient, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on September 10; Icon of the Mother of God of Pskov Ã¢Â€Âœthe ProtectionÃ¢Â€ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on October 1; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Igor, Commemorated on June 5; Venerable Silvanus the Schemamonk, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 10;

Kiev Caves monastery, 1051
Kiev Caves monastery; St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11 ; Venerable Theodore (In monasticism Theodosius) the Prince of Ostrog, Commemorated on October 10 ; Venerable Benjamin of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 13 Venerable Longinus the Gatekeeper of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 16 ; Venerable Joseph the Igumen and Wonderworker of Volokolamsk, Commemorated October 18 ; Venerable Hilarion the Schemamonk of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 21 ; Venerable Martyrius the Deacon, Commemorated on October 25 ; St Theophilus of the Kiev Caves and Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on October 26 ; St Demetrius (Dimitri), Metropolitan of Rostov, Commemorated on October 28 ; Venerable Spyridon the Prosphora-baker of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 31 ; Venerable Onesiphorus the Confessor of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 9 ; Venerable Nectarius the Obedient of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 29 ; Venerable Hieromonk Alexei of Teklati, Commemorated on January 18 ; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves; Venerable Euthymius the Schemamonk, Commemorated January 20 ; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated January 28 ; Venerable Ephraim, Abbot and Wonderworker of Novy Torg, Commemorated January 28 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated January 29 ; Venerable Nicephorus of Vazheozersk, Commemorated on February 9 ; Venerable Nikita of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated January 31 ; Venerable Nicephorus of Vazheozersk, Commemorated on February 9; Venerable Cosmas of Yakhrom, Commemorated February 18 ; St Arsenius the Bishop of Tver, Commemorated on March 2 ; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23 ; Venerable Zachariah the Ascetic of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on March 24 ; Venerable Joseph the Much-Ailing, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 4; St Niphon the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 8; Venerable Rufus the Obedient of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 8; Venerable Sava the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; Venerable Alexius the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27; Uncovering of the relics of St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on April 30; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on May 3; Venerable Theodosius the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves Monastery, and Founder of Coenobitic Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on May 3; Venerable Arsenius the Lover-of-Labor of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; Venerable Joseph of Optina, Commemorated on May 9; Martyr Michael "" of St Sava Monastery, Commemorated on May 23; Venerable Euphrosyne the Abbess of Polotsk, Commemorated on May 23; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10 ; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 15; Venerable Leontius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 18; St Menas, Bishop of Polotsk, Commemorated on June 20; St Dionysius the Archbishop of Suzdal, Commemorated on June 26;

Kiev Caves, Great (Gate) Church of the Caves
Great Church of the Caves; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10 ; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated September 30 ; Uncovering of the relics of Holy Princess Juliana Olshanskaya, Commemorated on July 6;

Berestovo Village, Kiev Far Caves - St Anthony's first Location, 1030
Kiev Far Caves - Berestovo Village ; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10 ; Venerable Pambo the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 18; Venerable Paisius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 19; Venerable Polycarp the Archimandrite of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 24; Venerable Pimen the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 7; St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Translation of the relics of the Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on August 14 ; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Theodosius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated September 2 ; Venerable Paul the Obedient, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on September 10; Venerable Dionysius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 3 ; Kiev Caves Caverns; Venerable Benjamin of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 13 ; Venerable Longinus the Gatekeeper of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 16 ; St Nestor (not the Chronicler) of the Far Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27 ; St Hilarion, Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated October 21 ; Venerable Martyrius the Deacon, Commemorated October 25; Venerable Martyrius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated October 25 ; St Theophilus of the Kiev Caves and Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on October 26 ; Venerable Mercurius the Faster of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated November 24 ; Venerable Athanasius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on December 2 ; Venerable Mardarius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves< Commemorated November 24 ; Venerable Mardarius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on December 13 ; Venerable Ignatius the Archimandrite of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated December 20 ; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; Venerable Macarius the Deacon of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated January 19 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated January 20 ; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated Janaury 28 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated January 29 ; Venerable Zeno the Faster, of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated January 30 ; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Sophronius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on March 11; Venerable Nikita of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves the Bishop of Novgorod; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Zachariah the Ascetic of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on March 24; Venerable Gerontius the Canonarch of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 1; Venerable Joseph the Much-Ailing, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 4; Venerable Rufus the Obedient of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 8; Venerable Sava the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; Venerable Alexius the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; Venerable Theodosius the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves Monastery, and Founder of Coenobitic Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on May 3; Venerable Arsenius the Lover-of-Labor of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; Venerable Pimen the Ascetic of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; Venerable Arsenius the Lover-of-Labor of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; St Nikita the Bishop of Novgorod and Recluse, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 14 ; Venerable Silvanus the Schemamonk, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 10; Venerable Leontius of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 18; Venerable Sisoes the Schemamonk of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on July 6;

Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves (Destroyed in WWII) 1073
Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves (Destroyed in WWII) 1073 ; Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 1; 12 Greeks who built the Dormition Cathedral in the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Lavra, Commemorated on February 14;

Kiev Caves Caverns
Kiev Caves Caverns; Near Caves; Venerable Pimen the Much-Ailing of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 7; St Mercurius the Bishop of Smolensk, Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 7; Venerable Gregory the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 8; Martyr Basil of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Venerable Alypius the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 17; Venerable Abramius the lover-of-labor of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 21 ; Hieromartyr and Venerable Kuksha of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 27; Venerable Pimen of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 27 ; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated September 30 ; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated October 5 ; Venerable Sergius the Obedient of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 7 ; Venerable Nicholas Sviatosha Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 14 ; Venerable Arethus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24 ; Venerable Sisoes the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24 ; Venerable Theophilus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated October 24 ; Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27 ; Venerable Spyridon the Prosphora-baker of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 31; Venerable Onesiphorus the Confessor of the Kiev Near Caves; Venerable Barlaam the Abbot of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 19; Venerable Nectarius the Obedient of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 29; Venerable Athanasius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on December 2 ; Venerable Athanasius ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚Âœthe Resurrected OneÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ, Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 2 ; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 2 ; Venerable Nikon the Dry, of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 11; Venerable Nikon the Dry, of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated December 11 Venerable Mark the Grave-Digger of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated December 29 ; Venerable Sylvester of the Kiev Near Caves; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves; Venerable Macarius the Faster, of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated January 19 ; Venerable Euthymius the Schemamonk, Commemorated January 20 ; Monkmartyr Anastasius the Deacon of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 22 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated January 29 ; Venerable Prochorus of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated February 10 ; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Titus the Presbyter of the Kiev Near Caves Commemorated on February 27 ; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Monkmartyr Eustratius of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on March 28; Venerable Sava the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; St Simeon the Bishop of Vladimir and Suzdal of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on May 10; Venerable Isaiah the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on May 15; Venerable Agapitus the Unmercenary Physician of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on June 1;

Kiev Near Caves of St Anthony, 1057
Near Caves of St Anthony ; Hieromartyr and Venerable Kuksha of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 27; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Synaxis of the Venerable Fathers of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated September 28 ; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated September 30 ; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated October 5 ; Venerable Sergius the Obedient of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 7; Venerable Nicholas Sviatosha Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 14 ; Venerable Arethus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24 ; Venerable Sisoes the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 24 ; Venerable Theophilus the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated October 24 ; Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27 ; Venerable Spyridon the Prosphora-baker of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 31; Venerable Onesiphorus the Confessor of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 9 ; Venerable Barlaam the Abbot of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 19 ; Venerable Athanasius the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on December 2 ; Venerable Athanasius ÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚Âœthe Resurrected OneÃƒÂ¢Ã‚Â€Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ, Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 2 ; Venerable Euthymius the Schemamonk, Commemorated January 20 ; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated January 29 ; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Joseph the Much-Ailing, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 4; Venerable Sava the Recluse of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on April 24; Venerable Nicholas Sviatosha Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on May 3; Venerable Arsenius the Lover-of-Labor of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on May 8; St Simeon the Bishop of Vladimir and Suzdal of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on May 10; Venerable Silvanus the Schemamonk, of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on June 10; St Dionysius the Archbishop of Suzdal, Commemorated on June 26;

Sven Caves, Near Caves of Saint Anthony, 1057
Sven Caves, Near Caves of Saint Anthony; Icon of the Mother of God of Sven, Commemorated on May 3; Venerable Alypius the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 17;