Greece Folder.kmz

Greece Folder

Hellas (Greece)
Hellas or Greece, Hellenistic period - after Alexander and before Rome; 7 Holy Maccabee Martyrs, Commemorated on August 1; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7;

Greece, 9999, Illyricus of Mount Myrsinon or Mystras, Laconia, Peleponnese (fortified high point above Sparta, Capital of Despotate Morea) wonderworker, mountain ascetic
Greece, 9999, Illyricus of Mount Myrsinon or Mystras, Laconia, Peleponnese (fortified high point above Sparta, Capital of Despotate Morea) wonderworker, mountain ascetic; Mystras, Laconia, Peleponnese; Saint Illyricus of Mount Myrsinon in the Peloponnesus, Commemorated on April 3; Illyricus the Wonderworker devoted himself to ascetic struggles on Mount Myrsinon in the Peloponnesus. The dates of his birth and death are unknown.

Greece History Folder

Greece, 510 BC - 323 BC, Folder, Greek Classical Period

Greece, 510BC-323BC, Greek Classical period, Macedonia
Macedonia, Greek Classical period, 510BC-323BC;

Greece, 364 BC - 322 BC, Greek Philosopher and Scientist Aristotle
Greece, 364 BC - 322 BC, Greek Philosopher and Scientist Aristotle; THOMAS AQUINAS, PRIEST, FRIAR, AND THEOLOGIAN (28 JAN 1274);

Greece, 359BC-336BC, Philip II of Macedon, Macedonian King
Macedonian King, 359BC-336BC, Philip II of Macedon; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 359BC-336BC, Antiochus, Macedonian Commander (father of Seleucus I Nicator)
Macedonian Commander, 359BC-336BC, Antiochus (father of Seleucus I Nicator, cities named after him); 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 336 BC-323 BC, Dot 8, Alexander III, the Great, Macedonian Greek Emperor
Jerusalem, Macedonian Greek Emperor, 336 BC-323 BC, Alexander III, the Great;

Greece, 323 BC - 313 BC, Folder, Helenistic Period

Greece, 323BC-313BC, Macedonian Hellenistic period
Macedonian Hellenistic period, 323BC-313BC; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 323 BC-306 BC, Dot 8, Alexander IV of Macedon, Macedonian Greek Emperor
Jerusalem, Macedonian Greek Emperor, 323 BC-306 BC, Alexander IV of Macedon;

Greece, 312 BC- 63 BC, Folder, Seleucid Empire in Messopotamia

Greece, 312BC-63BC, Macedonian Seleucid Empire in Messopotamia
Macedonian Seleucid Empire in Messopotamia, 312BC-63BC ; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 306 BC-168 BC, Dot 8, Antigonid Greek Dynasty
Jerusalem, Antigonid Greek Dynasty, 306 BC-168 BC;

Greece, 306 BC-168 BC, Dot 8, Seleucid Greek Empire
Jerusalem, Seleucid Greek Empire, 306 BC-168 BC;

Greece, 306BC-281BC, Seleucus I Nicator, Macedonian Seleucid King
Macedonian Seleucid King, 306BC-281BC, Seleucus I Nicator; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 294 BC-288 BC, Dot 8, Demetrius I of Macedon, Antigonid Greek King
Jerusalem, Antigonid Greek King, 294 BC-288 BC, Demetrius I of Macedon;

Greece, 281BC-261BC, Antiochus I Soter, Macedonian Seleucid King
Macedonian Seleucid King, 281BC-261BC, Antiochus I Soter; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 281 BC-261 BC, Dot 8, Antiochus I Soter, Seleucid Greek Emperor
Jerusalem, Seleucid Greek Emperor, 281 BC-261 BC, Antiochus I Soter

Greece, 261BC-246BC, Antiochus II Theos, Macedonian Seleucid King
Macedonian Seleucid King, 261BC-246BC, Antiochus II Theos; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 246BC-225BC, Seleucus II Callinicus, Macedonian Seleucid Emperor
Macedonian Seleucid King, 246BC-225BC, Seleucus II Callinicus; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 225BC-223BC, Seleucus III Ceraunus, Macedonian Seleucid Emperor
Macedonian Seleucid King, 225BC-223BC, Seleucus III Ceraunus; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 223BC-187BC, Antiochus III the Great, Macedonian Seleucid Emperor
Macedonian Seleucid King, 223BC-187BC, Antiochus III the Great; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 197 BC, Battle of Cynoscephalae, Rome vs Macedonia
Battle of Cynoscephalae;

Greece, 187BC-175BC, Seleucus IV Philopator ,Macedonian Seleucid Emperor
Macedonian Seleucid King, 187BC-175BC, Seleucus IV Philopator; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 175BC-164BC, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, Macedonian Seleucid Emperor
Macedonian Seleucid King, 175BC-164BC, Antiochus IV Epiphanes; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 167 BC-166 BC, Dot 9, Mattathias Maccabeus, Priest Maccabean Householder
Jerusalem Priest Maccabean Householder, 167 BC-166 BC, Mattathias Maccabeus;

Greece, 167 BC-166 BC, Dot 9, Martyr Solomonia, mother of the Holy Seven Maccabee Martyrs, wSons refused pork
Jerusalem, 167 BC-166 BC, Dot 9, Martyr Solomonia, mother of the Holy Seven Maccabee Martyrs, wSons refused pork, unflinching and stout-hearted mother watched each son speak before their torture, tongues cut off, skin removed from heads, hands feet off, frying pan, but mother encouraged them to passively resist; Woman with seven sons; woman with seven sons was a Jewish martyr described in 2 Maccabees 7 and other sources, who had seven sons that were arrested (along with her) by Antiochus IV Epiphanes, forced them to prove their respect to him by consuming pig meat. they refused, he tortured and killed the sons one by one in front of the unflinching and stout-hearted mother. story likely occurred around the beginning of the religious persecutions in 167-166 BCE. unnamed in 2 Maccabees, the mother is known variously as Hannah,[1] Miriam,[2] Solomonia,[3] and Shmouni.[4] Maccabees before the revolt of Judas Maccabeus (2 Maccabees 8), Antiochus IV Epiphanes arrested a mother and her seven sons, and tried to force them to eat pork. of the brothers said, on behalf of everyone, that even if they were all to die, they would not break the law. angry king ordered to heat up the pans and cauldrons, and he ordered the first brother to have his tongue cut off, the skin to be removed from the head and the ends of the limbs cut off – this was happening in front of the rest of the brothers and mother, who, in the meantime, encouraged each other to passively resist the tormentors' demands. the first martyr was inert and still breathing, Epiphanes ordered him to be thrown into a hot frying pan. he died, the next one was brought in and the skin was stripped from his head along with his hair. of the seven brothers endured the same torture. torment of the sons was watched by their tenacious and rather stoic mother, who had lost all her sons. narrator mentions that the mother "was the most remarkable of all, and deserves to be remembered with special honour. watched her seven sons die in the space of a single day, yet she bore it bravely because she put her trust in the Lord."[5] of the sons makes a speech as he dies, and the last one says that his brothers are "dead under God's covenant of everlasting life".[6] narrator ends by saying that the mother died, without saying whether she was executed, or died in some other way. Martyr Solomonia, mother of the Holy Seven Maccabee Martyrs, Commemorated on August 1; Solomonia was the mother of the seven Maccabee brothers. She encouraged her sons to remain faithful to the Law of God even when threatened with death. admirable mother is honored and remembered for her great courage, for she watched all seven of her sons die in a single day. May we also be faithful to God’s commandments and the traditions of the Church.

Greece, 166 BC, 7 Holy Maccabee Martyrs, Antiocus IV at Antioch, Eleazar, the 7 & their mother s faithful, inspired Judas M
Jerusalem, 166 BC, 7 Holy Maccabee Martyrs, at Antioch, Antiocus IV Epiphanes desecrated Temple, Eleazar, the 7 & their mother stayed faithful, tongue cut out, hands feet off, caldron, frying pan, these inspired Judas Maccabeus lead revolt and purify temple; Temple in Jerusalem; ,, Commemorated on August 1; seven holy Maccabee martyrs Abim, Antonius, Gurias, Eleazar, Eusebonus, Alimus and Marcellus, their mother Solomonia and their teacher Eleazar in the year 166 before Christ under the impious Syrian king Antiochus IV Epiphanes. foolish ruler loved pagan and Hellenistic customs, and held Jewish customs in contempt. He did everything possible to turn people from the Law of Moses and from their covenant with God. desecrated the Temple of the Lord, placed a statue of the pagan god Zeus there, and forced the Jews to worship it. people abandoned the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, but there were also those who continued to believe that the Savior would come. ninety-year-old elder, the scribe and teacher Eleazar, was brought to trial for his faithfulness to the Mosaic Law. He suffered tortures and died at Jerusalem. disciples of Saint Eleazar, the seven Maccabee brothers and their mother Solomonia, also displayed great courage. were brought to trial in Antioch by King Antiochus Epiphanes. They fearlessly acknowledged themselves as followers of the True God, and refused to eat pig’s flesh, which was forbidden by the Law. eldest brother acted as spokesmen for the rest, saying that they preferred to die rather than break the Law. He was subjected to fierce tortures in sight of his brothers and their mother. tongue was cut out, he was scalped, and his hands and feet were cut off. a cauldron and a large frying pan were heated, and the first brother was thrown into the frying pan, and he died. next five brothers were tortured one after the other. seventh and youngest brother was the last one left alive. Antiochus suggested to Saint Solomonia to persuade the boy to obey him, so that her last son at least would be spared. the brave mother told him to imitate the courage of his brothers. child upbraided the king and was tortured even more cruelly than his brothers had been. all her seven children had died, Saint Solomonia, stood over their bodies, raised up her hands in prayer to God and died. martyric death of the Maccabee brothers inspired Judas Maccabeus, and he led a revolt against Antiochus Epiphanes. God’s help, he gained the victory, and then purified the Temple at Jerusalem. He also threw down the altars which the pagans had set up in the streets. All these events are related in the Second Book of Maccabees (Ch. 8-10). Fathers of the Church preached sermons on the seven Maccabees, including Saint Cyprian of Carthage, Saint Ambrose of Milan, Saint Gregory Nazianzus and Saint John Chrysostom.

Greece, 166 -160 BC, Dot 9, Judas Maccabeus, Priest and Maccabean Householder
Jerusalem Priest Maccabean Householder, 166 BC-160 BC, Judas Maccabeus;

Greece, 160 BC-143 BC, Dot 9, Jonathan Apphus Maccabeus, Hasmonaen King
Jerusalem Hasmonaen King, 160 BC-143 BC, Jonathan Apphus Maccabeus;

Greece, 140 BC-37 BC, Dot 9, Hasmonaen Dynasty
Jerusalem Hasmonaen Dynasty, 140 BC-37 BC ;

Greece, 142 BC-135 BC, Dot 9, Simon Thassi Maccabeus, Hasmonaen King
Jerusalem Hasmonaen King, 142 BC-135 BC, Simon Thassi Maccabeus;

Greece, 134 BC-104 BC, Dot 9, John Hyrcanus, Maccabeean Prince Only, Hasmonaen King
Jerusalem Hasmonaen King, 134 BC-104 BC, John Hyrcanus, Maccabeean Prince Only;

Greece, 104 BC-103 BC, Dot 9, Aristobulus I, Hasmonaen King
Jerusalem Hasmonaen King, 104 BC-103 BC, Aristobulus I;

Greece, 103 BC-76 BC, Dot 9, Alexander Jannaeus, Jewish State, Hasmonaen King, expansion, cruel, civil war
Jerusalem Hasmonaen King, 103 BC-76 BC, Alexander Jannaeus; Jannaeus (also known as Alexander Jannai/Yannai, born Jonathan Alexander) was the second king of the Hasmonean dynasty, who ruled over an expanding kingdom of Judea from 103 to 76 BCE. A son of John Hyrcanus, he inherited the throne from his brother Aristobulus I, and married his brother's widow, Queen Salome Alexandra. his conquests to expand the kingdom to a bloody civil war, Alexander's reign has been generalised as cruel and oppressive with never-ending conflict.[1] The major historical sources of Alexander's life are Josephus's Antiquities of the Jews and The Jewish War.[2] kingdom of Alexander Jannaeus was the largest and strongest known Jewish State outside of biblical sources, having conquered most of Palestine's Mediterranean coastline and regions surrounding the Jordan River. Alexander also had many of his subjects killed for their disapproval of his handling of state affairs. Due to his territorial expansion and interactions with his subjects, he was continuously embroiled with foreign wars and domestic turmoil.[3]

Greece, 100 BC-1 BC, Dot 9, Righteous Mary, mother of Anna, MOG Mary's Grand Mother
Jerusalem, 100 BC-1 BC, Dot 9, Righteous Mary, mother of Anna, MOG Mary's Grand Mother Righteous Mary, Commemorated on December 11; Mary is the mother of Saint Anna, and the grandmother of the Theotokos. Jerusalem Saint, 90 BC-11 BC, Anna, Mary's Mother ; Jerusalem Saint, 100 BC-13 BC, Joachim, Mary's Father ; Jerusalem Saint, 18 BC-62AD, Mary, Mother of God; Holy, Righteous Ancestor of God, Anna, Commemorated on September 9; Holy, Righteous Ancestor of God, Joachim, Commemorated on September 9; The Nativity of our Most Holy Lady the Mother of God and Ever-Virgin Mary, Commemorated on September 8;

Greece, 83 BC - 3 BC, Dot 9, Joachim, Mary's Father, Jerusalem Saint, died at 80 2 yrs before Anna
Jerusalem Saint, 83 BC-3 BC, Joachim, Mary's Father ; Jerusalem Saint, 100 BC-13 BC, Anna, Mary's Mother ; Jerusalem Saint, 18 BC-62AD, Mary, Mother of God; Holy, Righteous Ancestor of God, Anna, Commemorated on September 9; Holy, Righteous Ancestor of God, Joachim, Commemorated on September 9; Joachim, the son of Barpathir, was of the tribe of Judah, and was a descendant of King David, to whom God had revealed that the Savior of the world would be born from his seed. Saint Anna was the daughter of Matthan the priest, who was of the tribe of Levi. Saint Anna’s family came from Bethlehem. couple lived at Nazareth in Galilee. They were childless into their old age and all their life they grieved over this. They had to endure derision and scorn, since at that time childlessness was considered a disgrace. They never grumbled, but fervently prayed to God, humbly trusting in Him. during a great feast, the gifts which Joachim took to Jerusalem as an offering to God were not accepted by the priest Reuben, who considered that a childless man was not worthy to offer sacrifice to God. This pained the old man very much, and he, regarding himself the most sinful of people, decided not to return home, but to settle in solitude in a desolate place. Saint Anna learned what humiliation her husband had endured, she sorrowfully entreated God with prayer and fasting to grant her a child. In his desolate solitude the righteous Joachim also asked God for this. The prayer of the saintly couple was heard. An angel told them that a daughter would be born to them, Who would be blessed above all other women. He also told them that She would remain a virgin, would be dedicated to the Lord and live in the Temple, and would give birth to the Savior. Obeying the instructions of the heavenly messenger, Saints Joachim and Anna met at the Golden Gate in Jerusalem. Then, as God promised, a daughter was born to them and they named her Mary. Joachim died a few years later at the age of 80, after his daughter went to live in the Temple. Saint Anna died at the age of 70, two years after her husband. Joachim and Anna are often invoked by couples trying to have children. The Nativity of our Most Holy Lady the Mother of God and Ever-Virgin Mary, Commemorated on September 8;

Greece, 80 BC-1 BC, Dot 9, Anna, Mary's Mother, Jerusalem Saint, died at 79 right before Annunciation
Jerusalem Saint, 90 BC-11 BC, Anna, Mary's Mother ; Jerusalem Saint, 100 BC-13 BC, Joachim, Mary's Father ; Jerusalem Saint, 18 BC-62AD, Mary, Mother of God; Holy, Righteous Ancestor of God, Anna, Commemorated on September 9; Holy, Righteous Ancestor of God, Joachim, Commemorated on September 9; The Nativity of our Most Holy Lady the Mother of God and Ever-Virgin Mary, Commemorated on September 8;

Greece, 76 BC-67 BC, Dot 9, Salome Alexandra, Hasmonaen King
Jerusalem Hasmonaen King, 76 BC-67 BC, Salome Alexandra

Greece, 305 BC - 133 BC, Folder, Lysimachian Empire

Macedonian Lysimachian Empire,305BC-133BC, in Thrace, and Pergamom, Attalid dynasty
Macedonian Lysimachian Empire, 305BC-133BC, in Thrace, and Pergamom, Attalid dynasty 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Macedonian Greco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek Kingdoms,256BC-10AD, in Afghanistan and N India
Macedonian Greco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek Kingdoms,256BC-10AD, in Afghanistan and N India; Indo-Greek Kingdom, 180BC-10AD; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Macedonian Ptolemaic Kingdom in Egypt, 305BC-303BC
Macedonian Ptolemaic Kingdom in Egypt, 305BC-303BC 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 181 BC - 30 BC, Folder, Ptolemaic Empire in Egypt

Macedonian Ptolemaic Egyptian Pharaoh, 181BC-145BC, Ptolemy VI Philometor
Macedonian Ptolemaic Egyptian Pharaoh, 181BC-145BC, Ptolemy VI Philometor 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Macedonia, 181 BC-30 BC, Ptolemaic Egyptian Empire
Macedonia, 181 BC-30 BC, Ptolemaic Egyptian Empire; 1 Maccabees 1:1-28, 1 MACCABEES, Alexander the Great, Antiochus Epiphanes and Renegade Jews, Antiochus in Egypt, Persecution of the Jews;

Greece, 30 BC - 1450, Folder, Roman and Byzantine Period

Greece, 000, 1st Century Folder, Peter, Philip, Andrew, Dionisius, and Quadratus

Greece, 30-70, Andrew first called, to Patra, Thrace, Macedonia, Danube, Black Sea, Crimea, Dniepr, Kiev, Novgorod, Sinope
Russia,Kiev, 30-70, Andrew t Apostle, first called, Peter's bro, J t Forerunner's closest disciple w J t Theologian, f Bethsaida, fisherman, sent to Jesus, to Asia M, Thrace, Macedonia, Danube, Black Sea, Crimea, Dniepr, Kiev, Novgorod, Byzantium, Rome, Sinope, Patra, miracles w preaching, crucified ; Kiev, 1st Century, Saint Andrew the Apostle; Apostle Andrew, the Holy and All-Praised First-Called, Commemorated on November 30; Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called was the first of the Apostles to follow Christ, he later brought his own brother, the holy Apostle Peter, to Christ (John 1:35-42). future apostle was from Bethsaida, and from his youth he turned with all his soul to God. did not enter into marriage, he worked with his brother as a fisherman. the holy Prophet, Forerunner and Baptist John began to preach, Saint Andrew became his closest disciple. Christ to be the Lamb of God, Saint John the Baptist himself sent to Christ his own two disciples, the future Apostles Andrew and John the Theologian. the Descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles, Saint Andrew went to the Eastern lands preaching the Word of God. went through Asia Minor, Thrace, Macedonia, he reached the River Danube, went along the coast of the Black Sea, through Crimea, the Black Sea region and along the River Dniepr he climbed to the place where the city of Kiev now stands. stopped overnight on the hills of Kiev. Rising in the morning, he said to those disciples that were with him: “See these hills? Upon these hills shall shine forth the beneficence of God, and there will be a great city here, and God shall raise up many churches.” apostle went up around the hills, blessed them and set up a cross. prayed, he went up even further along the Dniepr and reached a settlement of the Slavs, where Novgorod was built. here the apostle went through the land of the Varangians towards Rome for preaching, again he returned to Thrace, where in the small village of Byzantium, the future Constantinople, he founded the Church of Christ. name of the holy Apostle Andrew links the mother, the Church of Constantinople, with her daughter, the Russian Church. his journeys the First-Called Apostle endured many sufferings and torments from pagans: they cast him out of their cities and they beat him. Sinope they pelted him with stones, but remaining unharmed, the persistent disciple of Christ continued to preach to people about the Savior. the prayers of the Apostle, the Lord worked miracles. By the labors of the holy Apostle Andrew, Christian Churches were established, for which he provided bishops and clergy. final city to which the Apostle came was the city of Patra, where he was destined to suffer martyrdom. Lord worked many miracles through His disciple in Patra. The infirm were made whole, and the blind received their sight. the prayers of the Apostle, the illustrious citizen Sosios recovered from serious illness and Maximilla and Stratokles, the wife and brother of the governor of Patra, were healed. miracles accomplished by the Apostle and his fiery speech enlightened almost all the citizens of the city of Patra with the true Faith. pagans remained at Patra, but among them was the prefect of the city, Aegeatos. The Apostle Andrew repeatedly turned to him with the words of the Gospel. But even the miracles of the Apostle did not convince Aegeatos. holy Apostle with love and humility appealed to his soul, striving to reveal to him the Christian mystery of life eternal, through the wonderworking power of the Holy Cross of the Lord. angry Aegeatos gave orders to crucify the apostle. The pagan thought he might undo Saint Andrew’s preaching if he were to put him to death on the cross. Andrew the First-Called accepted the decision of the prefect with joy and with prayer to the Lord, went willingly to the place of execution. order to prolong the suffering of the saint, Aegeatos gave orders not to nail the saint’s hands and feet, but to tie them to the cross. For two days the apostle taught the citizens who gathered about. people, in listening to him, with all their souls pitied him and tried to take Saint Andrew down from the cross. a riot of the people, Aegeatos gave orders to stop the execution. the holy apostle began to pray that the Lord would grant him death on the cross. as the soldiers tried to take hold of the Apostle Andrew, they lost control of their hands. crucified apostle, having given glory to God, said: “Lord Jesus Christ, receive my spirit.” a blazing ray of divine light illumined the cross and the martyr crucified upon it. When the light faded, the holy Apostle Andrew had already given up his holy soul to the Lord. the wife of the prefect, had the body of the saint taken down from the cross, and buried him with honor. few centuries later, under the emperor Constantine the Great, the relics of the holy Apostle Andrew were solemnly transferred to Constantinople and placed in the church of the Holy Apostles beside the relics of the holy Evangelist Luke and Saint Paul’s disciple Saint Timothy.

Greece, 30-68, Onesiphorus of the Seventy, bishop of Colophon, Cilicia, and Corinth, with Paul in Rome, martyred at Parium
Cilicia, 30-68, Onesiphorus of the Seventy Apostles, bishop of Colophon, Cilicia (Ceyhan River Mouth), and later Corinth, Greece, with Paul in Rome, martyred at Parium on the Hellespont; Colophon, Cilicia ; Apostle Onesiphorus of the Seventy, Commemorated September 7 ; Onesiphorus was bishop at Colophon (Asia Minor), and later at Corinth. He died a martyr in the city of Parium (not far from Ephesus) on the shores of the Hellespont, where he had gone to proclaim Christ among the local pagans. Holy Apostle Onesiphorus of the Seventy Saint Paul writes of him: “God grant mercy to the house of Onesiphorus, for he often refreshed me, and was not ashamed of my bonds. When he was at Rome, he searched for me with great diligence, and found me. May the Lord grant him to find the mercy of the Lord on that day; and you know how much he served me at Ephesus.” (2 Tim 1:16-18). Onesiphorus was bishop at Colophon (Asia Minor), later at Corinth. died a martyr in the city of Parium (not far from Ephesus) on the shores of the Hellespont, where he had gone to proclaim Christ among the local pagans.

Greece, 30-68, Rodion or Herodion, Apostle of the Seventy, Bishop of Patra, K in Rome with Peter
Greece, 30-68, Rodion or Herodion, Apostle of the Seventy, Bishop of Patra, K in Rome with Peter of Patras (also Herodian or Rodion) was a relative of Saint Paul whom Paul greets in Romans 16:11. to tradition, he was numbered among the Seventy Disciples and became bishop of Patras, where he suffered greatly. beating, stoning, and stabbing him, they left him for dead, but St. Herodion arose and continued to serve the Apostles. was beheaded with Olympas in Rome while they were serving Saint Peter on the same day that St. Peter was crucified. His feast days are celebrated on January 4 among the Seventy, April 8, and November 10. Patras; Apostle Rodion of the Seventy, Commemorated November 10; Olympas was mentioned by the holy Apostle Paul (Rom 16:15). He was also a companion of the Apostle Peter. Saint Rodion (Herodion), was a kinsman of the Apostle Paul (Romans 16:11), and left the bishop’s throne at Patras to go to Rome with the Apostle Peter. Saints Rodion and Olympas were beheaded on the very day and hour when Saint Peter was crucified. The holy Apostles Erastus, Sosipater (April 28), Olympas (January 4), Rodion (April 8), Quartus and Tertius (October 30) were disciples of Saint Paul. They all lived during the first century. Apostle to the Gentiles speaks of them in the Epistle to the Romans, “And Erastus, the city treasurer, greets you, and Quartus, a brother” (Rom 16: 23). Sosipater, a native of Achaia, was Bishop of Iconium, where he also died. Saint Paul mentions him in Romans 16:21. Olympas was mentioned by the holy Apostle Paul (Rom 16:15). He was also a companion of the Apostle Peter. Saint Rodion (Herodion), was a kinsman of the Apostle Paul (Romans 16:11), and left the bishop’s throne at Patras to go to Rome with the Apostle Peter. Saints Rodion and Olympas were beheaded on the very day and hour when Saint Peter was crucified. Quartus endured much suffering for his piety and converted many pagans to Christ, dying peacefully as a bishop in the city of Beirut. Tertius is mentioned in the Epistle to the Romans, “I, Tertius, who wrote this epistle, salute you in the Lord” (Rom 16:22). Saint Tertius, to whom Saint Paul dictated the Epistle to the Romans, was the second Bishop of Iconium, where also he died.

Greece, 30-70, Apelles of the Seventy, Bishop, Heraclea, Trachis, Thessaly
Greece, 30-70, Apelles of the Seventy, Bishop, Heraclea, Trachis, Thessaly; Heraclea, Trachis; Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25 ; Apostle Apelles of the Seventy, Commemorated on September 10 ; Apelles Apelles was an important figure in the early Church, who labored diligently to spread the message of the Gospel. His zeal led him to Rome, where he became a support for the faithful. He knew the Apostle Paul, who mentioned him in the Epistle to the Romans (16:10): "Greet Apelles, who is approved (or "has been tested") in Christ." Apelles is said to have died at Smyrna as a good soldier of Christ, laboring until his last breath to make firm the Gospel. Some say he was the Bishop of Heraklion in Trakhis. Apostle Apelles of the Seventy, Commemorated on October 31 ; Apelles, one of the Seventy Apostles, was bishop at Heraclion in Trachis.

Greece, 30-96, Dionysius the Areopagite, Athens, Saint, important Orthodox writer, purity of heart brings close to God, MOG
Greece, 30-96, Saint, Dionysius the Areopagite ; Hill of Ares (The Aeropagus): Areopagus (both a place and a judicial body); Hieromartyr Dionysius the Areopagite the Bishop of Athens, Commemorated on October 3; Dionysius lived originally in the city of Athens. He was raised there and received a classical Greek education. He then went to Egypt, where he studied astronomy at the city of Heliopolis. It was in Heliopolis, along with his friend Apollophonos where he witnessed the solar eclipse that occurred at the moment of the death of the Lord Jesus Christ by Crucifixion. “Either the Creator of all the world now suffers, or this visible world is coming to an end,” Dionysius said. Upon his return to Athens from Egypt, he was chosen to be a member of the Areopagus Council (Athenian high court). the holy Apostle Paul preached at the place on the Hill of Ares (Acts 17:16-34), Dionysius accepted his salvific proclamation and became a Christian. For three years Saint Dionysius remained a companion of the holy Apostle Paul in preaching the Word of God. Later on, the Apostle Paul selected him as bishop of the city of Athens. And in the year 57 Saint Dionysius was present at the repose of the Most Holy Theotokos. the lifetime of the Mother of God, Saint Dionysius had journeyed from Athens to Jerusalem to meet Her. He wrote to his teacher the Apostle Paul: “I witness by God, that besides the very God Himself, there is nothing else filled with such divine power and grace. No one can fully comprehend what I saw. I confess before God: when I was with John, who shone among the Apostles like the sun in the sky, when I was brought before the countenance of the Most Holy Virgin, I experienced an inexpressible sensation. Before me gleamed a sort of divine radiance which transfixed my spirit. I perceived the fragrance of indescribable aromas and was filled with such delight that my very body became faint, and my spirit could hardly endure these signs and marks of eternal majesty and heavenly power. The grace from her overwhelmed my heart and shook my very spirit. If I did not have in mind your instruction, I should have mistaken Her for the very God. It is impossible to stand before greater blessedness than this which I beheld.” the death of the Apostle Paul, Saint Dionysius wanted to continue with his work, and therefore went off preaching in the West, accompanied by the Presbyter Rusticus and Deacon Eleutherius. They converted many to Christ at Rome, and then in Germany, and then in Spain. In Gaul, during a persecution against Christians by the pagan authorities, all three confessors were arrested and thrown into prison. By night Saint Dionysius celebrated the Divine Liturgy with angels of the Lord. In the morning the martyrs were beheaded. According to an old tradition, Saint Dionysius took up his head, proceeded with it to the church and fell down dead there. A pious woman named Catulla buried the relics of the saint. writings of Saint Dionysius the Areopagite hold great significance for the Orthodox Church. Four books of his have survived to the present day: On the Celestial Hierarchy On the Ecclesiastical Hierarchy On the Names of God On Mystical Theology In additional, there are ten letters to various people. book On the Celestial Hierarchies was written actually in one of the countries of Western Europe, where Saint Dionysius was preaching. In it he speaks of the Christian teaching about the angelic world. The angelic (or Celestial-Heavenly) hierarchy comprises the nine angelic Ranks: Seraphim Cherubim Thrones Dominions Powers Authorities Principalities Archangels Angels account of the Synaxis of the Bodiless Powers of Heaven is located under November 8. purpose of the divinely-established Angelic Hierarchy is the ascent towards godliness through purification, enlightenment and perfection. The highest ranks are bearers of divine light and divine life for the lower ranks. And not only are the sentient, bodiless angelic hosts included in the spiritual light-bearing hierarchy, but also the human race, created anew and sanctified in the Church of Christ. book of Saint Dionysius On the Ecclesiastical Hierarchies is a continuation of his book On the Celestial Hierarchies. The Church of Christ, like the Angelic ranks, in its universal service is set upon the foundation of priestly principles established by God. the earthly world, for the children of the Church, divine grace comes down indescribably in the holy Mysteries of the Church, which are spiritual in nature, though perceptible to the senses in form. Few, even among the holy ascetics, were able to behold with their earthly eyes the fiery vision of the Holy Mysteries of God. But outside of the Church’s sacraments, outside of Baptism and the Eucharist, the light-bearing saving grace of God is not found, neither is divine knowledge nor theosis (deification). book On the Names of God expounds upon the way of divine knowledge through a progression of the Divine Names. Dionysius’ book On Mystical Theology also sets forth the teaching about divine knowledge. The theology of the Orthodox Church is totally based upon experience of divine knowledge. In order to know God it is necessary to be in proximity to Him, to have come near to Him in some measure, so as to attain communion with God and deification (theosis). This condition is accomplished through prayer. This is not because prayer in itself brings us close to the incomprehensible God, but rather that the purity of heart in true prayer brings us closer to God. written works of Saint Dionysius the Areopagite are of extraordinary significance in the theology of the Orthodox Church, and also for late Medieval Western theology. For almost four centuries, until the beginning of the sixth century, the works of this holy Father of the Church were preserved in an obscure manuscript tradition, primarily by theologians of the Alexandrian Church. The concepts in these works were known and utilized by Clement of Alexandria, Origen, Dionysius the Great, pre-eminent figures of the catechetical school in Alexandria, and also by Saint Gregory the Theologian. Saint Dionysius of Alexandria wrote to Saint Gregory the Theologian a Commentary on the “Areopagitum.” The works of Saint Dionysius the Areopagite received general Church recognition during the sixth-seventh centuries. relevant are the Commentaries written by Saint Maximus the Confessor (January 21). (trans. note: although many scholars suggest that the “Areopagitum” was actually written by an anonymous sixth century figure who employed the common ancient device of piously borrowing an illustrious name, this in no way diminishes the profound theological significance of the works.) the Russian Orthodox Church the teachings of Saint Dionysius the Areopagite about the spiritual principles and deification were at first known through the writings of Saint John of Damascus (December 4). The first Slavonic translation of the “Areopagitum” was done on Mt. Athos in about the year 1371 by a monk named Isaiah. Copies of it were widely distributed in Russia. Many of them have been preserved to the present day in historic manuscript collections, among which is a parchment manuscript “Works of Saint Dionysius the Areopagite” belonging to Saint Cyprian, Metropolitan of Kiev and All Rus (September 16) in his own handwriting. to one tradition, he was killed at Lutetia (ancient name of Paris, France) in the year 96 during the persecution under the Roman emperor Dometian (81-96). Today most scholars and theologians believe that Saint Dionysius the Areopagite did not die in Gaul, and that Saint Dionysius (or Denys) of Paris is a different saint with the same name. Demetrius of Rostov says that the Hieromartyr Dionysius was beheaded in Athens, and that many miracles were worked at his grave.

Greece, 30-100, Apostle Silas, Corinth, Bishop fo Corinth, speaker, with Paul in Antioch, Philippi, Thessalonica, Berea
Greece, Corinth, 30-100, Apostle Silas, Bishop fo Corinth; or Silvanus (1st century AD) was a leading member of the Early Christian community, who first accompanied Paul the Apostle on his second missionary journey.[1] and etymologies is traditionally assumed to be the same as the Silvanus mentioned in four epistles. Some translations, including the New International Version, call him "Silas" in the epistles. Paul, Silas, and Timothy are listed as co-authors of the two letters to the Thessalonians. The Second Epistle to the Corinthians mentions Silas as having preached with Paul and Timothy to the church in Corinth (1:19), and the First Epistle of Peter describes Silas as a "faithful brother" (5:12). narrative is first mentioned in Acts 15:22, where he and Judas Barsabbas (known often as 'Judas') were selected by the church elders to return with Paul and Barnabas to Antioch following the Jerusalem Council. and Judas are mentioned as being leaders among the brothers, prophets and encouraging speakers. Silas was selected by Paul to accompany him on his second mission after Paul and Barnabas split over an argument involving Mark's participation. was during the second mission that he and Paul were imprisoned briefly in Philippi, where an earthquake broke their chains and opened the prison door. Silas is thus sometimes depicted in art carrying broken chains.[4] Acts 16:25-37. to Acts 17–18, Silas and Timothy travelled with Paul from Philippi to Thessalonica, where they were treated with hostility in the synagogues by some traditional Jews. harassers followed the trio to Berea, threatening Paul's safety, and causing Paul to separate from Silas and Timothy. travelled to Athens, and Silas and Timothy later joined him in Corinth.[5] events can be dated to around AD 50: the reference in Acts 18:12 to Proconsul Gallio helps ascertain this date (cf. Gallio inscription).[6] According to Acts 18:6–7, Paul ceased to attend the synagogue in Corinth as a result of Jewish hostility, Silas is not mentioned thereafter in the Acts narrative. appears in the salutation of 1 and 2 Thessalonians, and is referred to in 2 Corinthians 1:19. This is as expected, as we read of his involvement in Paul's mission when these cities were visited. He also appears in the conclusion of 1 Peter at 5:12, and is perhaps the amanuensis. Peter says he regards Silas as "a faithful brother." Corinth; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Holy Apostle of the Seventy Silas was a disciple of the Savior. Silas was a respected figure in the original Church at Jerusalem, one of the “chief men among the brethren” (Acts 15:22). The Council of the Apostles was convened at Jerusalem in the year 51 to deal with the question of whether Gentile Christian converts should be required to observe the Mosaic Law. The Apostles sent a message with Paul and Barnabas to the Christians of Antioch, giving the decision of the Council that Christians of Gentile origin did not have to observe the prescriptions of the Mosaic Law. Nonetheless, they were told that they must refrain from partaking of foods offered to idols, from things strangled and from blood, to refrain from fornication (Acts 15:20-29). Together with Saints Paul and Barnabas, the Council of the Apostles sent Saints Silas and Jude to explain the message in greater detail, since they both were filled with the grace of the Holy Spirit. Saint Jude was later sent back to Jerusalem, but Saint Silas remained at Antioch and zealously assisted Saint Paul, the Apostle to the Gentiles, on his missionary journeys preaching the Gospel. They visited Syria, Cilicia, and Macedonia. the city of Philippi they were accused of inciting unrest among the people, and for this they were arrested, beaten with rods, and then thrown into prison. At midnight, when the saints were at prayer, suddenly there was a strong earthquake, their chains fell off from them and the doors of the prison opened. The prison guard, supposing that the prisoners had fled, wanted to kill himself, but was stopped by the Apostle Paul. Then, he fell down trembling at the feet of the saints, and with faith accepted their preaching about Christ. He then led them out of the prison and took them to his own home, where he washed their wounds, and was baptized together with all his household. Philippi Saints Paul and Silas proceeded on to the cities of Amphipolis, Apollonia and Thessalonica. In each city they made new converts to Christ and built up the Church. Corinth the holy Apostle Silas was consecrated as bishop, and worked many miracles and signs, and there he finished his life.

Greece, 30-129, Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Athens and Magnesia, Thessaly
Greece, 30-129, Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy; Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Commemorated on September 21;

Greece, 30-1st Century, Apostle Quartus, born and died in Athens, Greece, Bishop of Beirut
Greece, 30-1st Century, Apostle Quartus, born and died in Athens, Greece, Bishop of Beirut; (Greek: Κούαρτος, romanized: Kouartos) was an early Christian who is mentioned in the Bible. to church tradition, he is known as Quartus of Berytus[1] and is numbered among the Seventy Disciples. Furthermore, he was Bishop of Beirut and suffered for the faith. He converted many to the Christian faith. His feast day is 10 November. was born in the city of Athens, and was one of its wealthy and learned nobles. He believed in the Lord Christ and served him. Having received the grace of the Comforter on the day of Pentecost, he preached the gospel in many countries. He entered the city of Magnis and preached there. The people of the city believed; he baptized them and taught them the commandments. Then he returned to Athens, to preach there also, but they stoned him and tortured him severely. Finally they cast him into the fire; thus, he received the crown of martyrdom. Beirut; Apostle Quartus of the Seventy, Commemorated on November 10 ; Quartus endured much suffering for his piety and converted many pagans to Christ, dying peacefully as a bishop in the city of Beirut. holy Apostles Erastus, Sosipater (April 28), Olympas (January 4), Rodion (April 8), Quartus and Tertius (October 30) were disciples of Saint Paul. They all lived during the first century. Apostle to the Gentiles speaks of them in the Epistle to the Romans, “And Erastus, the city treasurer, greets you, and Quartus, a brother” (Rom 16: 23). Sosipater, a native of Achaia, was Bishop of Iconium, where he also died. Saint Paul mentions him in Romans 16:21. Olympas was mentioned by the holy Apostle Paul (Rom 16:15). He was also a companion of the Apostle Peter. Saint Rodion (Herodion), was a kinsman of the Apostle Paul (Romans 16:11), and left the bishop’s throne at Patras to go to Rome with the Apostle Peter. Saints Rodion and Olympas were beheaded on the very day and hour when Saint Peter was crucified. Quartus endured much suffering for his piety and converted many pagans to Christ, dying peacefully as a bishop in the city of Beirut. Athens; Apostle of the Seventy: Quartus, died in Athens, Commemorated on November 10; Quartus endured much suffering for his piety and converted many pagans to Christ, dying peacefully as a bishop in the city of Beirut. holy Apostles Erastus, Sosipater (April 28), Olympas (January 4), Rodion (April 8), Quartus and Tertius (October 30) were disciples of Saint Paul. They all lived during the first century. Apostle to the Gentiles speaks of them in the Epistle to the Romans, “And Erastus, the city treasurer, greets you, and Quartus, a brother” (Rom 16: 23). Sosipater, a native of Achaia, was Bishop of Iconium, where he also died. Saint Paul mentions him in Romans 16:21. Olympas was mentioned by the holy Apostle Paul (Rom 16:15). He was also a companion of the Apostle Peter. Saint Rodion (Herodion), was a kinsman of the Apostle Paul (Romans 16:11), and left the bishop’s throne at Patras to go to Rome with the Apostle Peter. Saints Rodion and Olympas were beheaded on the very day and hour when Saint Peter was crucified. Quartus endured much suffering for his piety and converted many pagans to Christ, dying peacefully as a bishop in the city of Beirut. Tertius is mentioned in the Epistle to the Romans, “I, Tertius, who wrote this epistle, salute you in the Lord” (Rom 16:22). Saint Tertius, to whom Saint Paul dictated the Epistle to the Romans, was the second Bishop of Iconium, where also he died. Apostle Quartus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4;

Greece, 30-1st Century, Apostle Quartus, converted many in Magnis, city of Magnesia
Greece, 30-1st Century, Apostle Quartus, converted many in Magnis, city of Magnesia; (Greek: Κούαρτος, romanized: Kouartos) was an early Christian who is mentioned in the Bible. to church tradition, he is known as Quartus of Berytus[1] and is numbered among the Seventy Disciples. Furthermore, he was Bishop of Beirut and suffered for the faith. He converted many to the Christian faith. His feast day is 10 November. was born in the city of Athens, and was one of its wealthy and learned nobles. He believed in the Lord Christ and served him. Having received the grace of the Comforter on the day of Pentecost, he preached the gospel in many countries. He entered the city of Magnis and preached there. The people of the city believed; he baptized them and taught them the commandments. Then he returned to Athens, to preach there also, but they stoned him and tortured him severely. Finally they cast him into the fire; thus, he received the crown of martyrdom. Beirut; Apostle Quartus of the Seventy, Commemorated on November 10 ; Quartus endured much suffering for his piety and converted many pagans to Christ, dying peacefully as a bishop in the city of Beirut. holy Apostles Erastus, Sosipater (April 28), Olympas (January 4), Rodion (April 8), Quartus and Tertius (October 30) were disciples of Saint Paul. They all lived during the first century. Apostle to the Gentiles speaks of them in the Epistle to the Romans, “And Erastus, the city treasurer, greets you, and Quartus, a brother” (Rom 16: 23). Sosipater, a native of Achaia, was Bishop of Iconium, where he also died. Saint Paul mentions him in Romans 16:21. Olympas was mentioned by the holy Apostle Paul (Rom 16:15). He was also a companion of the Apostle Peter. Saint Rodion (Herodion), was a kinsman of the Apostle Paul (Romans 16:11), and left the bishop’s throne at Patras to go to Rome with the Apostle Peter. Saints Rodion and Olympas were beheaded on the very day and hour when Saint Peter was crucified. Quartus endured much suffering for his piety and converted many pagans to Christ, dying peacefully as a bishop in the city of Beirut. Athens; Apostle of the Seventy: Quartus, died in Athens, Commemorated on November 10; Quartus endured much suffering for his piety and converted many pagans to Christ, dying peacefully as a bishop in the city of Beirut. holy Apostles Erastus, Sosipater (April 28), Olympas (January 4), Rodion (April 8), Quartus and Tertius (October 30) were disciples of Saint Paul. They all lived during the first century. Apostle to the Gentiles speaks of them in the Epistle to the Romans, “And Erastus, the city treasurer, greets you, and Quartus, a brother” (Rom 16: 23). Sosipater, a native of Achaia, was Bishop of Iconium, where he also died. Saint Paul mentions him in Romans 16:21. Olympas was mentioned by the holy Apostle Paul (Rom 16:15). He was also a companion of the Apostle Peter. Saint Rodion (Herodion), was a kinsman of the Apostle Paul (Romans 16:11), and left the bishop’s throne at Patras to go to Rome with the Apostle Peter. Saints Rodion and Olympas were beheaded on the very day and hour when Saint Peter was crucified. Quartus endured much suffering for his piety and converted many pagans to Christ, dying peacefully as a bishop in the city of Beirut. Tertius is mentioned in the Epistle to the Romans, “I, Tertius, who wrote this epistle, salute you in the Lord” (Rom 16:22). Saint Tertius, to whom Saint Paul dictated the Epistle to the Romans, was the second Bishop of Iconium, where also he died. Apostle Quartus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4;

Greece, 30-1st Century, Erastus of Corinth, of the Seventy, steward at Jerusalem, Paneas and C
Erastus of Corinth; of Corinth, also known as Erastus of Paneas, held the political office of steward, in Corinth, according to the Epistle to the Romans 16:23 of the New Testament. office is defined as "the manager of household or of household affairs" or, in this context, "treasurer".[1] King James Version uses the translation "chamberlain", while the New International Version uses "director of public works". person named Erastus mentioned in 2 Timothy 4:20 and Acts 19:22 is often taken to be the same person. However, whereas the Erastus mentioned in the second letter to Timothy may be the same person, it is unlikely that the Erastus referred to in the Book of Acts is the same Erastus. This Erastus was a travelling companion of the apostle Paul and accompanied him on his third missionary journey. It was on this third expedition that Paul penned the letter to the Roman believers in which he sent greetings from Erastus, the city treasurer. He could not have been the person in Paul's entourage. The apostle Paul wrote his letter to the church in Rome while he was in Corinth (Romans 14:25-26, 27). to the tradition of the Orthodox Church, Erastus is numbered among the Seventy Disciples. He served as a deacon and steward of the Church at Jerusalem and later of Paneas in Palestine. The Church remembers St. Erastus on January 4 among the Seventy, and on November 10. Corinth;

Greece, 30-1st Century, Sylvanus,, Apostle of the Lord, Bishop of Thessalonica, Martyr
Greece, 30- ,Thessalonica, Sylvanus, Apostle of the Lord, Bishop of Thessalonica, Martyr ; is a traditional figure in Eastern Orthodox tradition assumed to be one of the Seventy Apostles, those followers of Jesus sent out by him in Luke 10. According to Orthodox tradition he later became Bishop of Thessalonika and died a martyr.[1][citation needed] is to be distinguished from the Silvanus, better known as Silas who is mentioned in the New Testament (Acts, various letters of Paul, and 1 Peter) as a co-writer or transcriber of some of these works. Thessalonica; Apostle Silvanus of the Seventy, Commemorated on July 30 ; Holy Apostle of the Seventy Silvanus was a disciple of the Savior. Holy Apostle Silvanus preached the Word of God together with the chief Apostles Peter and Paul. In his First Epistle, the holy Apostle Peter makes mention of him: “By Silvanus, a faithful brother to you, as I suppose, I have written briefly...” (1 Peter 5:12). Saint Silvanus was made bishop at Thessalonica and died there a martyr, having undergone many sorrows and misfortunes for the Lord’s sake.

Greece, 30-1st Century, Apostle Narcissus of the Seventy, Bishop of Athens, made by Philip
Greece, 30-1st Century, Apostle Narcissus of the Seventy, Bishop of Athens, made by Philip; Athens; Apostle Narcissus of the Seventy, Commemorated October 31 ; Narcissus, one of the Seventy Apostles, was made Bishop of Athens by the Apostle Philip. Apostle Narcissus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles was established by the Orthodox Church to indicate the equal honor of each of the Seventy. They were sent two by two by the Lord Jesus Christ to go before Him into the cities He would visit (Luke 10:1). the celebration of the Synaxis of the Holy Disciples, the Church celebrates the memory of each of them during the course of the year: Saint James the Brother of the Lord (October 23); Mark the Evangelist (April 25); Luke the Evangelist (October 18); Cleopas (October 30), brother of Saint Joseph the Betrothed, and Simeon his son (April 27); Barnabas (June 11); Joses, or Joseph, named Barsabas or Justus (October 30); Thaddeus (August 21); Ananias (October 1); Protomartyr Stephen the Archdeacon (December 27); Philip the Deacon (October 11); Prochorus the Deacon (28 July); Nicanor the Deacon (July 28 and December 28); Timon the Deacon (July 28 and December 30); Parmenas the Deacon (July 28); Timothy (January 22); Titus (August 25); Philemon (November 22 and February 19); Onesimus (February 15); Epaphras and Archippus (November 22 and February 19); Silas, Silvanus, Crescens or Criscus (July 30); Crispus and Epaenetos (July 30); Andronicus (May 17 and July 30); Stachys, Amplias, Urban, Narcissus, Apelles (October 31); Aristobulus (October 31 and March 16); Herodion or Rodion (April 8 and November 10); Agabus, Rufus, Asyncritus, Phlegon (April 8); Hermas (November 5, November 30 and May 31); Patrobas (November 5); Hermes (April 8); Linus, Gaius, Philologus (November 5); Lucius (September 10); Jason (April 28); Sosipater (April 28 and November 10); Olympas or Olympanus (November 10 ); Tertius (October 30 and November 10); Erastos (November 30), Quartus (November 10); Euodius (September 7); Onesiphorus (September 7 and December 8); Clement (November 25); Sosthenes (December 8); Apollos (March 30 and December 8); Tychicus, Epaphroditus (December 8); Carpus (May 26); Quadratus (September 21); Mark (September 27), called John, Zeno (September 27); Aristarchus (April 15 and September 27); Pudens and Trophimus (April 15); Mark nephew of Barnabas, Artemas (October 30); Aquila (July 14); Fortunatus (June 15) and Achaicus (January 4). the Descent of the Holy Spirit the Seventy Apostles preached in various lands. Some accompanied the Twelve Apostles, like the holy Evangelists Mark and Luke, or Saint Paul’s companion Timothy, or Prochorus,the disciple of the holy Evangelist John the Theologian, and others. Many of them were thrown into prison for Christ, and many received the crown of martyrdom. are two more Apostles of the Seventy: Saint Cephas, to whom the Lord appeared after the Resurrection (1 Cor. 15:5-6), and Simeon, called Niger (Acts 13:1). They also were glorified by apostolic preaching. are discrepancies and errors in some lists of the Seventy Apostles. In a list attributed to Saint Dorotheus of Tyre (June 5) some names are repeated (Rodion, or Herodion, Apollos, Tychicus, Aristarchus), while others are omitted (Timothy, Titus, Epaphras, Archippus, Aquila, Olympas). Saint Demetrius of Rostov consulted the Holy Scripture, the traditions passed down by the Fathers, and the accounts of trustworthy historians when he attempted to correct the mistakes and uncertainties in the list in compiling his collection of Lives of the Saints. Church in particular venerates and praises the Seventy Apostles because they taught us to honor the Trinity One in Essence and Undivided. the ninth century Saint Joseph the Hymnographer composed the Canon for the Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles of Christ.

Greece, 30-1st Century, Apostle Urban of the Seventy, Bishop of Macedonia, Greece, St Andrew ordained Urban, martyr
Greece, 30-1st Century, Apostle Urban of the Seventy, Macedonia, Greece; of Macedonia is numbered among the Seventy Apostles. Along with the Apostles Ampliatus, Stachys, Narcissus of Athens, Apelles of Heraklion and Aristobulus of Britannia (all of these names are mentioned together by St. Paul in Romans 16:8-11, which cannot be casual) he assisted Saint Andrew. St. Andrew ordained Urban bishop in Macedonia. He died a martyr, and his feast day is October 31. is venerated as saint by Eastern Orthodox Church (January 4, October 31), Roman Catholic Church (July 13) and other Christian Churches. Macedonia ancient kingdom; Macedonia Region; Apostle Urban of the Seventy, Commemorated on October 31 ; Urban, one of the Seventy Apostles, was made a bishop by Saint Andrew (November 30), and was active in Macedonia. He was killed by Jews and pagan Greeks because of his zeal in preaching the Gospel.

Greece, 35-61, Apostle Apollos, Alexandria native, eloquent in scriptures, to Ephesus, HS, Corinth Achaia, Crete, Smyrna bishop
Egypt, 35-61, Apostle Apollos, Alexandria native, eloquent in scriptures, to Ephesus, HS, Corinth Achaia, Crete, Smyrna bishop; Alexandria; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on December 8 ; Apollos (September 10) was a native of Alexandria and was a man of erudition. The chief place of his service was at Corinth. He toiled there for a long time and converted many to Christ. Towards the end of his life he preached on the island of Crete and was Bishop of Caesarea. Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; the Acts of the Holy Apostles we read the following: “A certain Jew named Apollos, born in Alexandria, eloquent and well-versed in the Scriptures, came to Ephesus. He was instructed in the way of the Lord; and being fervent in the spirit, he spoke and taught diligently the things of the Lord, knowing only the baptism of John. He began to speak boldly in the synagogue. Hearing him, Aquila and Priscilla took him and more precisely explained to him the way of the Lord. And when he resolved to go to Achaia, the brethren wrote and asked the disciples to receive him. When he got there, he greatly helped those who believed by grace, for he powerfully confounded the Jews in public, showing by the Scriptures that Jesus is the Christ” (Acts 18:24-28). Holy Apostle Apollos assisted the Apostle Paul. Saint Paul speaks about the spread of Christianity among the Corinthians, “I have planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth” (1 Cor.3:6). Saint Apollos was later bishop at Smyrna (Asia Minor). Apollos is also commemorated on December 8 and the Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles on January 4. Holy Apostles of the Seventy: Sosthenes, Apollos, Cephas, Tychicus, Epaphroditus, Caesar, and Onesiphorus, Commemorated on December 8;

Greece, 35-61, Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Corinth, Colophon and Caeserea
Greece, 35, Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Corinth and Caeserea ; was the chief ruler of the synagogue at Corinth, who, according to the Acts of the Apostles, was seized and beaten by the mob in the presence of Gallio, the Roman governor, when he refused to proceed against Paul at the instigation of the Jews. The motives of this assault against Sosthenes are not recorded. Some manuscripts insert the mob was composed of "Greeks"; others read "Jews".[1] historians identify this Sosthenes with a companion of Paul the Apostle referred to as "Sosthenes our brother", a convert to the Christian faith and co-author of the First Epistle to the Corinthians (1 Corinthians 1:1-“2). It is not clear whether this identification is tenable.[1] According to Protestant theologian Heinrich Meyer, "Theodoret and most commentators, including Flatt, Billroth, Ewald, Maier [and] Hofmann, identify Sosthenes with the person so named in Acts 18:17, but this is rightly denied by Michaelis, Pott, Rackert, and de Wette".[2] has also been suggested that Sosthenes is a later name of Crispus, who is mentioned in Acts 18:8 and 1 Corinthians 1:14.[3] is traditionally listed among the Seventy Disciples of Luke 10:1.[4] Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; Holy Apostles Sosthenes was head of the Corinthian synagogue before his conversion. The Apostle Paul converted him to Christianity and made him his helper in his work. In addressing the Corinthian church, Saint Paul sent greetings from both of them: “Paul, by the will of God called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ, and brother Sosthenes...” (1 Cor.1:1). Afterwards, Saint Sosthenes was made bishop at Colophon (Asia Minor). Sosthenes is also commemorated on December 8 and the Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles on January 4. Corinth;

Greece, 40, 1st Century, Apostle Philip, Athens, from Galilee to Greece to preach to Jews, Jews struck blind
Greece, 1st Century, Apostle Philip; Holy, All-Praised Apostle Philip, Commemorated on November 14; Galilee he went to Greece, and preached among the Jews that had settled there. Some of them reported the preaching of the Apostle to Jerusalem. In response, some scribes arrived in Greece from Jerusalem, with one of the Jewish chief priests at their head, to interrogate the Apostle Philip. Apostle Philip exposed the lie of the chief priest, who said that the disciples of Christ had stolen away and hidden the body of Christ. Philip told instead how the Pharisees had bribed the soldiers on watch, to deliberately spread this rumor. When the Jewish chief priest and his companions began to insult the Lord and lunged at the Apostle Philip, they suddenly were struck blind. By his prayer the Apostle restored everyone’s sight. Seeing this miracle, many believed in Christ. The Apostle Philip provided a bishop for them, by the name of Narcissus (one of the Seventy Apostles, January 4). Holy and All-praised Apostle Philip was a native of the city of Bethsaida in Galilee. He had a profound depth of knowledge of the Holy Scripture, and rightly discerning the meaning of the Old Testament prophecies, he awaited the coming of the Messiah. Through the call of the Savior (John 1:43), Philip followed Him. The Apostle Philip is spoken about several times in the Holy Gospel: he brought to Christ the Apostle Nathaniel (i.e. Bartholomew, April 22, June 30, and August 25. See John. 1:46). The Lord asks him where to buy bread for five thousand men (John. 6: 5-7). He brought certain of the Hellenized Jews wanting to see Jesus (John. 12:21-22); and finally, at the Last Supper he asked Christ to show them the Father (John. 14:8). the Ascension of the Lord, the Apostle Philip preached the Word of God in Galilee, accompanying his preaching with miracles. Thus, he restored to life a dead infant in the arms of its mother. Galilee he went to Greece, and preached among the Jews that had settled there. Some of them reported the preaching of the Apostle to Jerusalem. In response, some scribes arrived in Greece from Jerusalem, with one of the Jewish chief priests at their head, to interrogate the Apostle Philip. Apostle Philip exposed the lie of the chief priest, who said that the disciples of Christ had stolen away and hidden the body of Christ. Philip told instead how the Pharisees had bribed the soldiers on watch, to deliberately spread this rumor. When the Jewish chief priest and his companions began to insult the Lord and lunged at the Apostle Philip, they suddenly were struck blind. By his prayer the Apostle restored everyone’s sight. Seeing this miracle, many believed in Christ. The Apostle Philip provided a bishop for them, by the name of Narcissus (one of the Seventy Apostles, January 4). Greece the Apostle Philip went to Parthia, and then to the city of Azotus, where he healed an eye affliction of the daughter of a local resident named Nikoklides, who had received him into his home, and then baptized his whole family. Azotus the Apostle Philip set out to Syrian Hieropolis (there were several cities of this name) where, stirred up by the Pharisees, the Jews burned the house of Heros, who had taken in the Apostle Philip, and they wanted to kill the apostle. The apostle performed several miracles: the healing of the hand of the city official Aristarchus, withered when he attempted to strike the apostle; and restoring a dead child to life. When they saw these marvels, they repented and many accepted holy Baptism. After making Heros the bishop at Hieropolis, the Apostle Philip went on to Syria, Asia Minor, Lydia, Emessa, and everywhere preaching the Gospel and undergoing sufferings. Both he and his sister Mariamne (February 17) were pelted with stones, locked up in prison, and thrown out of villages. the Apostle Philip arrived in the city of Phrygian Hieropolis, where there were many pagan temples. There was also a pagan temple where people worshiped an enormous serpent as a god. The Apostle Philip by the power of prayer killed the serpent and healed many bitten by snakes. those healed was the wife of the city prefect, Amphipatos. Having learned that his wife had accepted Christianity, the prefect Amphipatos gave orders to arrest Saint Philip, his sister, and the Apostle Bartholomew traveling with them. At the urging of the pagan priests of the temple of the serpent, Amphipatos ordered the holy Apostles Philip and Bartholomew to be crucified. an earthquake struck, and it knocked down all those present at the place of judgment. Hanging upon the cross by the pagan temple of the serpent, the Apostle Philip prayed for those who had crucified him, asking God to save them from the ravages of the earthquake. Seeing this happen, the people believed in Christ and began to demand that the apostles be taken down from the crosses. The Apostle Bartholomew was still alive when he was taken down, and he baptized all those believing and established a bishop for them. the Apostle Philip, through whose prayers everyone remained alive, except for Amphipatos and the pagan priests, died on the cross. his sister buried his body, and went with the Apostle Bartholomew to preach in Armenia, where the Apostle Bartholomew was crucified (June 11); Mariamne herself then preached until her own death at Lykaonia. holy Apostle Philip is not to be confused with Saint Philip the Deacon (October 11), one of the Seventy.

Greece, 40, 1st Century, Saint Andrew the Apostle in Macedonia
Bulgaria, 1st Century, Saint Andrew the Apostle; Apostle Andrew, the Holy and All-Praised First-Called, Commemorated on November 30;

Greece, 40, Apostles Fortunatus, Akhaikos, and Stephanas ot70, refreshed Paul's spirit, P's first fruits in Akhaia Province
Greece, 40, Apostles Fortunatus, Akhaikos, and Stephanas of the 70, Achaea, West Greece, they refreshed Paul's spirit and the Corinthians, Paul's first fruits in Akhaia Province, devoted to serving tSaints; Achaea; Apostles Fortunatus, Akhaikos, and Stephanas of the 70, Commemorated on June 15; Fortunatus, Akhaikos and Stephanas of the 70 Apostles were coworkers of the Apostle Paul, who, with all their heart and soul, helped to spread the Gospel among the nations. Paul mentions these three men in his first Epistle to the Corinthians (16:17): I rejoice in the presence of Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Akhaikos, because they have supplied what was lacking on your part; for they refreshed my spirit as well as yours. Therefore, give recognition to such men." household of Stephanas were among the first fruits of the province of Akhaia ( I Corinthians 16:15), and were baptized by Saint Paul, declares that they devoted themselves to serving the saints. is perhaps the Latin name of Tykhikos (Τυχικός), in the Acts of the Holy Apostles, state that he came from Asia and accompanied Paul, along with others (Acts 20:5). man Tykikos delivered two of Saint Paul's Epistles (see Ephesians 6:21-22; Colossians 4:7). is not certain, however, that Fortunatus and Tykikos are the same individual.

Greece, 60, Apostle Andrew, Patra in Achaia, Martyrdom in Patra
Greece, 1st Century, Patra in Achaia, Apostle Andrew; The final city to which the Apostle came was the city of Patra, where he was destined to suffer martyrdom. The Lord worked many miracles through His disciple in Patra. The infirm were made whole, and the blind received their sight. Through the prayers of the Apostle, the illustrious citizen Sosios recovered from serious illness and Maximilla and Stratokles, the wife and brother of the governor of Patra, were healed. The miracles accomplished by the Apostle and his fiery speech enlightened almost all the citizens of the city of Patra with the true Faith. Patras; Apostle Andrew, the Holy and All-Praised First-Called, Commemorated on November 30;

Greece, 60-70 approx., Apostle Peter
Greece, Patra in Achaia, 60-70 approx., Apostle Peter; Patras; St Xanthippe Disciple of the Apostles, who died in Spain, Commemorated September 23;

Greece, 63-110, Apostles Sosipater&Jason, Corfu Island, Epirus, Kerkyra story, J&S boiling tar story, Island converted
Lyconia, 30-110, Apostle Sosipater, Bishop of Iconium (Konya), Lyconia ; is a person mentioned in the New Testament, in Romans 16:21. He is probably the same person as Sopater mentioned in Acts 20:4. church tradition, he is known as Sosipater of Iconium, and is numbered among the Seventy Apostles. St. Sosipater's feast days are on April 28 (Slavic tradition), or 29 (Greek tradition) with St. Jason; 10 with saints Erastus, Olympas, Herodian, Quartus and Tertius; and January 4 with the Seventy. According to Latin tradition, the disciple of St Paul the Apostle died on the 25th of June in Beroea. was born in Achaea. According to legend, he was Bishop in Iconium[1] (prior to the Apostle Tertius) by his relative the Apostle Paul. the Apostle Jason he traveled to the island of Corfu where they built a church in honor of the Apostle Stephen the Protomartyr and converted many pagans to the Christian faith. this, the governor of Corfu threw them into prison where they converted seven other prisoners to the Christian faith: Saturninus, Jakischolus, Faustianus, Januarius, Marsalius, Euphrasius and Mammius, known as the Seven Robbers. The governor had those seven put to death by boiling pitch for their faith. governor's daughter, the virgin Cercyra [uk], having watched these holy apostles being tortured and turned to the Christian faith, distributed all her jewels to the poor. governor became angry and put her in prison, yet she would not deny Christ. So he had the prison burned, but she remained unharmed. Many people were baptized upon seeing this miracle. He then had her killed with arrows while tied to a tree. believers fled to a nearby island to get away from the enraged governor, but as he chased them his boat sank. The new governor embraced the Christian faith and in baptism received the name Sebastian. then on Sts. Sosipater and Jason freely preached the Gospel and built up the Church in Corfu until a very old age, when they gave up their souls to God. Kerkyra (Kephalonia); Apostle Jason, of the Seventy and those with him, Commemorated on April 28; Apostle Jason was from Tarsus (Asia Minor). He was the first Christian in the city. The Apostle Sosipater was a native of Patra, Achaia. He is thought to be the same Sosipater mentioned in Acts 20:4. They both became disciples of Saint Paul, who even called them his kinsmen (Rom 16:21). John Chrysostom (Homily 32 on Romans) says that this is the same Jason who is mentioned in Acts 17:5-9. Jason was made bishop in his native city of Tarsus, and Saint Sosipater in Iconium. traveled west preaching the Gospel, and in 63 they reached the island of Kerkyra [Korfu] in the Ionian Sea near Greece. they built a church in the name of the Protomartyr Stephen and they baptized many. The governor of the island learned of this and locked them up in prison, where they met seven thieves: Saturninus, Iakischolus, Faustianus, Januarius, Marsalius, Euphrasius and Mammius. The Apostles converted them to Christ. For their confession of Christ, the seven prisoners died as martyrs in a cauldron of molten tar, wax and sulfur. prison guard, after witnessing their martyrdom, declared himself a Christian. For this they cut off his left hand, then both feet and finally his head. The governor ordered the Apostles Jason and Sosipater to be whipped and again locked up in prison. the daughter of the governor of Kerkyra (Korfu), the maiden, learned how Christians were suffering for Christ, she declared herself a Christian and gave away all her finery to the poor. The infuriated governor attempted to persuade his daughter to deny Christ, but Saint Kerkyra stood firm against both persuasion and threats. Then the enraged father devised a terrible punishment for his daughter: he gave orders that she be placed in a prison cell with the robber and murderer Murinus, so that he might defile the betrothed of Christ when the robber approached the door of the prison cell, a bear attacked him. Saint Kerkyra heard the noise and she drove off the beast in the name of Christ. Then, by her prayers, she healed the wounds of Murinus. Then Saint Kerkyra enlightened him with the faith of Christ, and Saint Murinus declared himself a Christian and was executed. governor gave orders to burn down the prison, but the holy virgin remained alive. Then on her enraged father’s order, she was suspended upon a tree, choked with bitter smoke and shot with arrows. After her death, the governor decided to execute all the Christians on the island of Kerkyra. The Martyrs Zeno, Eusebius, Neon and Vitalis, after being enlightened by Saints Jason and Sosipater, were burned alive. inhabitants of Kerkyra, escaping from the persecution, crossed to an adjoining island. The governor set sail with a detachment of soldiers, but was swallowed up by the waves. The governor succeeding him gave orders to throw the Apostles Jason and Sosipater into a cauldron of boiling tar. When he beheld them unharmed, he cried out with tears, “O God of Jason and Sosipater, have mercy on me!” been set free, the Apostles baptized the governor and gave him the name Sebastian. With his help, the Apostles Jason and Sosipater built several churches on the island, and increased the flock of Christ by their fervent preaching. They lived there until they reached old age. Apostle Sosipater of the Seventy, Commemorated November 10; Sosipater, a native of Achaia, was Bishop of Iconium, where he also died. Saint Paul mentions him in Romans 16:21. The holy Apostles Erastus, Sosipater (April 28), Olympas (January 4), Rodion (April 8), Quartus and Tertius (October 30) were disciples of Saint Paul. They all lived during the first century. Apostle to the Gentiles speaks of them in the Epistle to the Romans, “And Erastus, the city treasurer, greets you, and Quartus, a brother” (Rom 16: 23). Sosipater, a native of Achaia, was Bishop of Iconium, where he also died. Saint Paul mentions him in Romans 16:21. Olympas was mentioned by the holy Apostle Paul (Rom 16:15). He was also a companion of the Apostle Peter. Saint Rodion (Herodion), was a kinsman of the Apostle Paul (Romans 16:11), and left the bishop’s throne at Patras to go to Rome with the Apostle Peter. Saints Rodion and Olympas were beheaded on the very day and hour when Saint Peter was crucified. Quartus endured much suffering for his piety and converted many pagans to Christ, dying peacefully as a bishop in the city of Beirut. Tertius is mentioned in the Epistle to the Romans, “I, Tertius, who wrote this epistle, salute you in the Lord” (Rom 16:22). Saint Tertius, to whom Saint Paul dictated the Epistle to the Romans, was the second Bishop of Iconium, where also he died.

Greece, 100, 2nd Century Folder, Clement of Alexandria

Greece, 161-192, Athenagoras oAthens, Greece, Philosopher, affirms Orthodox teaching Holy Trinity and divine inspired Scriptures
Greece, 161-192, Athenagoras oAthens, Greece, Philosopher, Middle Platonism, Stoic philosophy, literary excellence, clear eloquent style, attended school oRhetoric, affirms Orthodox teaching Holy Trinity and divine inspired Scriptures, strict ascetical moral life; Athens; Saint Athenagoras of Athens, Commemorated on July 24; Athenogoras was a Christian philosopher and apologist of the second century A.D. probably came from Athens where he studied Middle Platonism and Stoic philosophy. flourished during the time of the Roman emperors Marcus Aurelius (161-180) and Commodus (180 - 192). are some basic facts about Saint Athenagoras, formation and his work which are drawn from his two works, preserved in a codex from the year 914, which was produced in the literary workshop of Arethas: “Embassy (or Supplication) for the Christians" and "On the Resurrection of the dead.” Athenagoras stands out among the apologists of his day because of his literary excellence and his clear and eloquent style. writings contain quotes from poets and philosophers, and from the rhythm of his sentences, the arrangement of his material, we can deduce that he attended a school of rhetoric. the field of theology he affirms Orthodox teachings about the Holy Trinity, the divine inspiration of the Holy Scriptures, and reveals a strict ascetical position concerning the moral life of Christians. work has an important place in the ecclesiastical writings of the first two centuries.

Greece, 170-215, CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA, Athens native, intellectual, not saint, Cathetical School, philosopher, taught Origen
Greece, 170-215, CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA, Athens native, intellectual, not a saint, Cathetical School head about 180, theologian and philosopher, taught Origen and Alex of Jerusalem, influenced by Helenistic philosophy more than others, Plato and the Stoics, Jewish esotericism, Gnosticism, taught Torah a preparation for the Gospel, for sound liberal education; Flavius Clemens, also known as Clement of Alexandria (c. 150 - c. 215 AD),[5] was a Christian theologian and philosopher who taught at the Catechetical School of Alexandria. his pupils were Origen and Alexander of Jerusalem. A convert to Christianity, he was an educated man who was familiar with classical Greek philosophy and literature. his three major works demonstrate, Clement was influenced by Hellenistic philosophy to a greater extent than any other Christian thinker of his time, and in particular, by Plato and the Stoics.[6] secret works, which exist only in fragments, suggest that he was familiar with pre-Christian Jewish esotericism and Gnosticism as well. one of his works he argued that Greek philosophy had its origin among non-Greeks, claiming that both Plato and Pythagoras were taught by Egyptian scholars.[7] is usually regarded as a Church Father. He is venerated as a saint in Coptic Christianity, Eastern Catholicism, Ethiopian Christianity, and Anglicanism. was revered in Western Catholicism until 1586, when his name was removed from the Roman Martyrology by Pope Sixtus V on the advice of Baronius. The Eastern Orthodox Church officially stopped any veneration of Clement of Alexandria in the 10th century. Athens; CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA, TEACHER AND APOLOGIST (5 DEC 213?) ; a native of Athens, was converted to Christianity by Pantaenus, founder of the Catechetical School at Alexandria (then the intellectual capital of the Mediterranean world), succeeded his teacher as head of the School about 180. over 20 years he labored effectively as an apologist for the faith and catechist of the faithful. regarded the science and philosophy of the Greeks as being, like the Torah of the Hebrews, a preparation for the Gospel, and the curriculum of his School undertook to give his students both a knowledge of the Gospel of Christ and a sound liberal education. speculative theology, his scholarly defense of the faith and his willingness to meet non-Christian scholars on their own grounds, helped to establish the good reputation of Christianity in the world of learning and prepare the way for his pupil, Origen, the most eminent theologian of Greek Christianity. is not on the present Roman calendar (having been removed by Bellarmine at the time of Galileo, when the Roman See was undergoing a period of wariness about intellectual venturesomeness), but is on the Eastern calendar and many modern revisions of the Anglican calendar. His influence has been considerable. by James Kiefer

Greece, 200, 3rd Century Folder, Martyr Alex at Thessalonica

Greece, 284-305, Martyr Alexander of Thessalonica, when told to offer he overturned idols, Angel came forth
Greece, 284-305, Martyr Alexander of Thessalonica; Thessalonica; Martyr Alexander of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 9 ; Martyr Alexander of Thessalonica was arrested by pagans for confessing the Christian Faith. Under the emperor Maximian (284-305) he not only admitted being a Christian, but when told to offer sacrifice to the gods, he overturned the idolatrous sacrifice in indignation. The emperor gave orders to behead the saint. the execution was done, the emperor and the executioner saw how an angel came forth bearing the soul of the holy Martyr Alexander up to the heavens. The emperor permitted Christians to bury the body of the saint with honor in the city of Thessalonica, which they did with joy.

Greece, 300, 4th Century Folder, Demetrius, Nestor and Porphyrius, of Thessalonika

Greece, 301-306, Demetrius of Thessaloniki, myrrh-gusher, secret christian appointed to kill c, converted many
Macedonian Saint, 290-306, Demetrius of Thessaloniki; (or Demetrios) of Thessaloniki (Greek: Ἅγιος Δημήτριος τῆς Θεσσαλονίκης, Hágios Dēmḗtrios tēs Thessaloníkēs[a]), also known as the Holy Great-Martyr Demetrius the Myroblyte (meaning 'the Myrrh-Gusher' or 'Myrrh-Streamer';[b] 3rd century – 306), was a Christian martyr of the early 4th century AD. the Middle Ages, he came to be revered as one of the most important Orthodox military saints, often paired with George of Lydda. His feast day is 26 October for Eastern Orthodox Christians, which falls on 8 November [NS] for those following the old calendar. In the Roman Catholic church he is most commonly called "Demetrius of Sermium" and his memorial falls on 8 October. Martyr Lupus, slave of Saint Demetrius of Thessalonica, Commemorated on August 23; Martyr Lupus lived at the end of the third century and beginning of the fourth century, and was a faithful servant of the holy Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica (October 26). Being present at the death of his master, he soaked his own clothing with his blood and took a ring from his hand. With this clothing, and with the ring and the name of the Great Martyr Demetrius, Saint Lupus worked many miracles at Thessalonica. He destroyed pagan idols, for which he was subjected to persecution by the pagans, but he was preserved unharmed by the power of God. Lupus voluntarily delivered himself into the hands of the torturers, and by order of the emperor Maximian Galerius, he was beheaded by the sword. Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrh-gusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26; Great Martyr Demetrios the Myrrh-gusher of Thessaloniki was the son of a Roman proconsul in Thessaloniki. Three centuries had elapsed and Roman paganism, spiritually shattered and defeated by the multitude of martyrs and confessors of the Savior, intensified its persecutions. parents of Saint Demetrios were secret Christians, and he was baptized and raised in the Christian Faith in a secret church in his father’s home. the time Demetrios had reached maturity and his father had died, Emperor Galerius Maximian had ascended the throne (305). Maximian, confident in Demetrios's education as well as his administrative and military abilities, appointed him to his father’s position as proconsul of the Thessaloniki district. The young commander's principal duties were to defend the city from barbarians and to eradicate Christianity. The Emperor's policy regarding Christians was expressed simply: “Put to death anyone who calls on the name of Christ.” The Emperor did not suspect that by appointing Demetrios he had provided him with the opportunity to bring many people to Christ. the appointment, Demetrios returned to Thessaloniki and confessed and glorified our Lord Jesus Christ. Instead of persecuting and executing Christians, he began to teach the Christian Faith openly to the inhabitants of the city and to overthrow pagan customs and the worship of idols. The compiler of his Life, Saint Simeon Metaphrastes (November 9), says that because of his teaching zeal he became “a second Apostle Paul” for Thessaloniki, particularly since “the Apostle to the Gentiles” founded the first community of believers in the city (1 Thess. and 2 Thess.). Lord also destined Saint Demetrios to follow Saint Paul on the path to martyrdom. When Maximian learned that the newly-appointed proconsul was a Christian, and that he had converted many Roman subjects to Christianity, the Emperor's rage knew no bounds. Returning from a campaign in the area of the Black Sea, the Emperor decided to lead his army through Thessaloniki, determined to massacre the Christians. of this, Saint Demetrios ordered his faithful servant Lupus to give his wealth to the poor saying, “Distribute my earthly riches among them, for we shall seek heavenly riches for ourselves.” He began to pray and fast, preparing himself for martyrdom. the Emperor came into the city, he summoned Demetrios, who boldly confessed himself a Christian and denounced the falsehood and futility of Roman polytheism. Maximian ordered Demetrios to be thrown into prison. An Angel appeared to him, comforting and encouraging him. the Emperor amused himself by staging games in the circus. His champion was a German by the name of Lyaeos. He challenged Christians to wrestle with him on a platform built over the upturned spears of the victorious soldiers. A brave Christian named Nestor went to the prison to Saint Dēmḗtrios, his instructor in the Faith, asking for his blessing to fight the barbarian. With the blessing and prayers of Saint Demetrios, Nestor defeated the fierce German and hurled him from the platform onto the spears of the soldiers, just as the murderous pagan would have done with the Christian. The enraged commander ordered the execution of the holy Martyr Nestor (October 27) and sent a guard to the prison to kill Saint Demetrios. At dawn on October 26, 306 soldiers appeared in the Saint's underground prison and ran him through with lances. His faithful servant, Saint Lupus, gathered up the blood-soaked garment of Saint Dēmḗtrios he took the imperial ring from his finger, a symbol of his high status, and dipped it in the blood. With the ring and other holy things sanctified the blood of Saint Demetrios, Saint Lupus began to heal the infirm. The Emperor ordered his soldiers to arrest and kill him. body of the holy Great Martyr Demetrios was cast out for wild animals to devour, but the Christians took it and secretly buried it in the earth. the reign of Saint Constantine (306-337), a church was built over the grave of Saint Demetrios. A hundred years later, during the construction of a majestic new church on the old spot, the incorrupt relics of the holy martyr were uncovered. Since the seventh century a miraculous flow of fragrant myrrh has been found beneath the crypt of the Great Martyr Demetrios, so he is called “the Myrrh-gusher.” times, those venerating the holy wonderworker tried to bring his holy relics, or a part of them, to Constantinople. Invariably, Saint Demetrios made it clear that he would not permit anyone to remove even a portion of his relics. is interesting that among the barbarians threatening the Romans, Slavs occupied an important place, in particular those settling upon the Thessalonian peninsula. Some even believe that the parents of Saint Dēmḗtrios were of Slavic descent. While advancing towards the city, pagan Slavs were repeatedly turned away by the apparition of a threatening radiant youth, going around on the walls and inspiring terror in the enemy soldiers. Perhaps this is why the name of Saint Demetrios was particularly venerated among the Slavic nations after they were enlightened by the Gospel. On the other hand, Greeks dismiss the idea that Saint Demetrios was a Slavic saint. very first pages of the Russian Primary Chronicle, as foreordained by God, is bound up with the name of the holy Great Martyr Demetrios of Thessaloniki. The Chronicle relates that when Oleg the Wise threatened the Greeks at Constantinople (907), the Greeks became terrified and said, “This is not Oleg, but rather Saint Demetrios sent upon us from God.” Russian soldiers always believed that they were under the special protection of the holy Great Martyr Dēmḗtrios. Moreover, in the old Russian barracks the Great Martyr Demetrios was always depicted as Russian. Thus this image entered the soul of the Russian nation. veneration of the holy Great Martyr Demetrios in Russia began shortly after the Baptism of Rus. Toward the beginning of the 1070s the Dimitriev monastery at Kiev, known afterwards as the Mikhailov-Zlatoverkh monastery, was founded, The monastery was built by the son of Yaroslav the Wise, Great Prince Izyaslav, Demetrios in Baptism (+ 1078). The mosaic icon of Saint Dēmḗtrios of Thessaloniki from the cathedral of the Dimitriev monastery has been preserved up to the present day, and is in the Tretiakov Gallery. the years 1194-1197 the Great Prince of Vladimir, Vsevolod III the Great-Nest (Demetrios in Baptism) “built at his court a beautiful church of the holy martyr Dēmḗtrios, and adorned it wondrously with icons and frescoes.” The Dimitriev cathedral also reveals the embellishment of ancient Vladimir. The wonderworking icon of Saint Demetrios of Thessaloniki from the cathedral iconostasis is located even now in Moscow, at the Tretiakov gallery. It was painted on a piece of wood from the grave of the holy Great Martyr Dēmḗtrios, brought from Thessaloniki to Vladimir in 1197. of the most precious depictions of the saint, a fresco on a column of the Vladimir Dormition cathedral, was painted by the holy Iconographer Andrew Rublev (July 4). family of Saint Alexander Nevsky (November 23 also venerated Saint Demetrios. Saint Alexander named his eldest son in honor of the holy Great Martyr. His younger son, Prince Daniel of Moscow (March 4), built a church dedicated to the holy Great Martyr Demetrios in the 1280s. This was the first stone church in the Moscow Kremlin. Later in 1326, under Ivan Kalita, it was taken down and the Dormition cathedral was built in its place. memory of Saint Demetrios of Thessaloniki is historically associated in Rus with the military, patriotism and the defense of the country. This is apparent by the saint’s depiction on icons as a soldier in plumed armor, with a spear and sword in hand. There is a scroll (in later depictions) on which is written the prayer of Saint Dēmḗtrios for the salvation of the people of Thessaloniki, “Lord, do not permit the city or the people to perish. If You save the city and the people, I shall be saved with them. If they perish, I will perish with them.” the particular spiritual experience of the Russian Church, veneration of the holy Great Martyr Demetrios of Thessaloniki is closely linked with the memory of the defense of the nation and Church by the Great Prince of Moscow, Demetrios of the Don (May 19). “An Account of the Life and Repose of the Great Prince Dēmḗtrios of the Don, Tsar of Russia,” written in the year 1393, already regards the Great Prince as a Saint, as other old Russian histories do. Great Prince Demetrios was a spiritual son and disciple of Saint Alexis, Metropolitan of Moscow (February 12), and a disciple and associate of other great figures of prayer in the Russian Land: Saint Sergius of Radonezh (September 25), Demetrios of Priluki (February 11), Saint Theodore of Rostov (November 28). The Account states: [Great Prince Demetrios] worried a great deal about the churches of God, and he held the territory of the Russian land by his bravery: he conquered many enemies who had risen against us, and he protected his glorious city Moscow with wondrous walls. ...The land of Russia prospered during the years of his reign. the time of the building of the white-walled Kremlin (1366) by Great Prince Demetrios, Moscow was called “White-Stoned.” the prayers of his Heavenly patron, the holy warrior Dēmḗtrios of Thessaloniki, Great Prince Demetrios, in addition to his brilliant military victories, also gained the further prominence of Russia. He repelled the onslaught of the Lithuanian armies of Olgerd, he routed the Tatar army of Begich at the River Vozha (1378), and he smashed the military might of all the Golden Horde at the Battle of Kulikovo Field on September 8, 1380 (the Feast of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos), set between the Rivers Don and Nepryadva. The Battle of Kulikovo, for which the nation calls him Dēmḗtrios of the Don, became the first Russian national exploit, rallying the spiritual power of the Russian nation around Moscow. The “Zadonschina,” an inspiring historic poem written by the priest Sophronios of Ryazem (1381) is devoted to this event. Demetrios of the Don had a great reverence for the holy Great Martyr Demetrios. In 1380, on the eve of the Battle of Kulikovo, he solemnly transferred from Vladimir to Moscow the most holy object in the Vladimir Dimitriev cathedral: the icon of the Great Martyr Dēmḗtrios of Thessaloniki, painted on a board from the grave of the saint. A chapel dedicated to the Great Martyr Dēmḗtrios was built at Moscow’s Dormition Cathedral. Saint Demetrios Memorial Saturday was established for church-wide remembrance of the soldiers who fell in the Battle of Kulikovo. This memorial service was held for the first time at the Trinity-Saint Sergius monastery on October 20, 1380 by Saint Sergius of Radonezh, in the presence of Great Prince Demetrios of the Don. It is an annual remembrance of the heroes of the Battle of Kulikovo, among whom are the Schema-monks Alexander (Peresvet) and Andrew (Oslyab). Dēmḗtrios is regarded as a protector of the young, and is also invoked by those struggling with lustful temptations. Martyr Nestor of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 27;

Greece, 301-306, Nestor, Macedonian of Thessaloniki, Demetrios' protege, defeated giant Lyaios
Macedonian Saint, 306, Nestor of Thessaloniki; Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrh-gusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26; Martyr Nestor of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 27; holy Martyr Nestor was very young in age, handsome in appearance, and he was known to the holy Great Martyr Demetrios (October 26), for he had instructed Nestor in the faith. Emperor was visiting Thessaloniki, and he built a high platform in the midst of the city so that a gigantic barbarian named Lyaios could wrestle there and be seen by everyone. Beneath the platform many spears and other sharp weapons were placed pointing upward. When Lyaios defeated his opponents, he threw them down onto the spears and they died. Many Christians were forced to fight Lyaios, and were killed. When Nestor saw how Emperor Maximian rejoiced over the victories of his champion, he disdained his pride. Seeing the miracles of Saint Demetrios, however, he took courage and went to the prison where the holy Martyr was confined, and fell at his feet. “Pray for me, O Servant of God Demetrios,” he said, “that by your prayers, God may help me to beat Lyaios, and put an end to him who brings reproach upon the Christians.” Saint, after sealing Nestor with the Sign of the Cross, told him that he would prevail over Lyaios, and then suffer for Christ. Nestor mounted the platform without fear and exclaimed: “Help me, O God of Demetrios.” After he defeated Lyaios, he hurled him down onto the spears, where he gave up his wretched soul. became enraged and ordered that both Nestor and Demetrios should be put to death. Saint Demetrios was stabbed with spears, and Saint Nestor was beheaded. Thus, by his example Saint Nestor teaches us that in every human challenge we must say with confidence, “The Lord is my helper, and I will not fear what man shall do to me.” (Psalm 117/118:6, Hebrews 13:6).

Greece, 301-307, Lupus, slave of Demetrius of T, soaked with D's blood, took ring, worked miracles, destroyed idols
Martyr Lupus, slave of Saint Demetrius of Thessalonica, Commemorated on August 23; Martyr Lupus lived at the end of the third century and beginning of the fourth century, and was a faithful servant of the holy Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica (October 26). Being present at the death of his master, he soaked his own clothing with his blood and took a ring from his hand. With this clothing, and with the ring and the name of the Great Martyr Demetrius, Saint Lupus worked many miracles at Thessalonica. He destroyed pagan idols, for which he was subjected to persecution by the pagans, but he was preserved unharmed by the power of God. Lupus voluntarily delivered himself into the hands of the torturers, and by order of the emperor Maximian Galerius, he was beheaded by the sword. Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrh-gusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26; Great Martyr Demetrios the Myrrh-gusher of Thessaloniki was the son of a Roman proconsul in Thessaloniki. Three centuries had elapsed and Roman paganism, spiritually shattered and defeated by the multitude of martyrs and confessors of the Savior, intensified its persecutions. parents of Saint Demetrios were secret Christians, and he was baptized and raised in the Christian Faith in a secret church in his father’s home. the time Demetrios had reached maturity and his father had died, Emperor Galerius Maximian had ascended the throne (305). Maximian, confident in Demetrios's education as well as his administrative and military abilities, appointed him to his father’s position as proconsul of the Thessaloniki district. The young commander's principal duties were to defend the city from barbarians and to eradicate Christianity. The Emperor's policy regarding Christians was expressed simply: “Put to death anyone who calls on the name of Christ.” The Emperor did not suspect that by appointing Demetrios he had provided him with the opportunity to bring many people to Christ. the appointment, Demetrios returned to Thessaloniki and confessed and glorified our Lord Jesus Christ. Instead of persecuting and executing Christians, he began to teach the Christian Faith openly to the inhabitants of the city and to overthrow pagan customs and the worship of idols. The compiler of his Life, Saint Simeon Metaphrastes (November 9), says that because of his teaching zeal he became “a second Apostle Paul” for Thessaloniki, particularly since “the Apostle to the Gentiles” founded the first community of believers in the city (1 Thess. and 2 Thess.). Lord also destined Saint Demetrios to follow Saint Paul on the path to martyrdom. When Maximian learned that the newly-appointed proconsul was a Christian, and that he had converted many Roman subjects to Christianity, the Emperor's rage knew no bounds. Returning from a campaign in the area of the Black Sea, the Emperor decided to lead his army through Thessaloniki, determined to massacre the Christians. of this, Saint Demetrios ordered his faithful servant Lupus to give his wealth to the poor saying, “Distribute my earthly riches among them, for we shall seek heavenly riches for ourselves.” He began to pray and fast, preparing himself for martyrdom. the Emperor came into the city, he summoned Demetrios, who boldly confessed himself a Christian and denounced the falsehood and futility of Roman polytheism. Maximian ordered Demetrios to be thrown into prison. An Angel appeared to him, comforting and encouraging him. the Emperor amused himself by staging games in the circus. His champion was a German by the name of Lyaeos. He challenged Christians to wrestle with him on a platform built over the upturned spears of the victorious soldiers. A brave Christian named Nestor went to the prison to Saint Dēmḗtrios, his instructor in the Faith, asking for his blessing to fight the barbarian. With the blessing and prayers of Saint Demetrios, Nestor defeated the fierce German and hurled him from the platform onto the spears of the soldiers, just as the murderous pagan would have done with the Christian. The enraged commander ordered the execution of the holy Martyr Nestor (October 27) and sent a guard to the prison to kill Saint Demetrios. At dawn on October 26, 306 soldiers appeared in the Saint's underground prison and ran him through with lances. His faithful servant, Saint Lupus, gathered up the blood-soaked garment of Saint Dēmḗtrios he took the imperial ring from his finger, a symbol of his high status, and dipped it in the blood. With the ring and other holy things sanctified the blood of Saint Demetrios, Saint Lupus began to heal the infirm. The Emperor ordered his soldiers to arrest and kill him. body of the holy Great Martyr Demetrios was cast out for wild animals to devour, but the Christians took it and secretly buried it in the earth. the reign of Saint Constantine (306-337), a church was built over the grave of Saint Demetrios. A hundred years later, during the construction of a majestic new church on the old spot, the incorrupt relics of the holy martyr were uncovered. Since the seventh century a miraculous flow of fragrant myrrh has been found beneath the crypt of the Great Martyr Demetrios, so he is called “the Myrrh-gusher.” times, those venerating the holy wonderworker tried to bring his holy relics, or a part of them, to Constantinople. Invariably, Saint Demetrios made it clear that he would not permit anyone to remove even a portion of his relics. is interesting that among the barbarians threatening the Romans, Slavs occupied an important place, in particular those settling upon the Thessalonian peninsula. Some even believe that the parents of Saint Dēmḗtrios were of Slavic descent. While advancing towards the city, pagan Slavs were repeatedly turned away by the apparition of a threatening radiant youth, going around on the walls and inspiring terror in the enemy soldiers. Perhaps this is why the name of Saint Demetrios was particularly venerated among the Slavic nations after they were enlightened by the Gospel. On the other hand, Greeks dismiss the idea that Saint Demetrios was a Slavic saint. very first pages of the Russian Primary Chronicle, as foreordained by God, is bound up with the name of the holy Great Martyr Demetrios of Thessaloniki. The Chronicle relates that when Oleg the Wise threatened the Greeks at Constantinople (907), the Greeks became terrified and said, “This is not Oleg, but rather Saint Demetrios sent upon us from God.” Russian soldiers always believed that they were under the special protection of the holy Great Martyr Dēmḗtrios. Moreover, in the old Russian barracks the Great Martyr Demetrios was always depicted as Russian. Thus this image entered the soul of the Russian nation. veneration of the holy Great Martyr Demetrios in Russia began shortly after the Baptism of Rus. Toward the beginning of the 1070s the Dimitriev monastery at Kiev, known afterwards as the Mikhailov-Zlatoverkh monastery, was founded, The monastery was built by the son of Yaroslav the Wise, Great Prince Izyaslav, Demetrios in Baptism (+ 1078). The mosaic icon of Saint Dēmḗtrios of Thessaloniki from the cathedral of the Dimitriev monastery has been preserved up to the present day, and is in the Tretiakov Gallery. the years 1194-1197 the Great Prince of Vladimir, Vsevolod III the Great-Nest (Demetrios in Baptism) “built at his court a beautiful church of the holy martyr Dēmḗtrios, and adorned it wondrously with icons and frescoes.” The Dimitriev cathedral also reveals the embellishment of ancient Vladimir. The wonderworking icon of Saint Demetrios of Thessaloniki from the cathedral iconostasis is located even now in Moscow, at the Tretiakov gallery. It was painted on a piece of wood from the grave of the holy Great Martyr Dēmḗtrios, brought from Thessaloniki to Vladimir in 1197. of the most precious depictions of the saint, a fresco on a column of the Vladimir Dormition cathedral, was painted by the holy Iconographer Andrew Rublev (July 4). family of Saint Alexander Nevsky (November 23 also venerated Saint Demetrios. Saint Alexander named his eldest son in honor of the holy Great Martyr. His younger son, Prince Daniel of Moscow (March 4), built a church dedicated to the holy Great Martyr Demetrios in the 1280s. This was the first stone church in the Moscow Kremlin. Later in 1326, under Ivan Kalita, it was taken down and the Dormition cathedral was built in its place. memory of Saint Demetrios of Thessaloniki is historically associated in Rus with the military, patriotism and the defense of the country. This is apparent by the saint’s depiction on icons as a soldier in plumed armor, with a spear and sword in hand. There is a scroll (in later depictions) on which is written the prayer of Saint Dēmḗtrios for the salvation of the people of Thessaloniki, “Lord, do not permit the city or the people to perish. If You save the city and the people, I shall be saved with them. If they perish, I will perish with them.” the particular spiritual experience of the Russian Church, veneration of the holy Great Martyr Demetrios of Thessaloniki is closely linked with the memory of the defense of the nation and Church by the Great Prince of Moscow, Demetrios of the Don (May 19). “An Account of the Life and Repose of the Great Prince Dēmḗtrios of the Don, Tsar of Russia,” written in the year 1393, already regards the Great Prince as a Saint, as other old Russian histories do. Great Prince Demetrios was a spiritual son and disciple of Saint Alexis, Metropolitan of Moscow (February 12), and a disciple and associate of other great figures of prayer in the Russian Land: Saint Sergius of Radonezh (September 25), Demetrios of Priluki (February 11), Saint Theodore of Rostov (November 28). The Account states: [Great Prince Demetrios] worried a great deal about the churches of God, and he held the territory of the Russian land by his bravery: he conquered many enemies who had risen against us, and he protected his glorious city Moscow with wondrous walls. ...The land of Russia prospered during the years of his reign. the time of the building of the white-walled Kremlin (1366) by Great Prince Demetrios, Moscow was called “White-Stoned.” the prayers of his Heavenly patron, the holy warrior Dēmḗtrios of Thessaloniki, Great Prince Demetrios, in addition to his brilliant military victories, also gained the further prominence of Russia. He repelled the onslaught of the Lithuanian armies of Olgerd, he routed the Tatar army of Begich at the River Vozha (1378), and he smashed the military might of all the Golden Horde at the Battle of Kulikovo Field on September 8, 1380 (the Feast of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos), set between the Rivers Don and Nepryadva. The Battle of Kulikovo, for which the nation calls him Dēmḗtrios of the Don, became the first Russian national exploit, rallying the spiritual power of the Russian nation around Moscow. The “Zadonschina,” an inspiring historic poem written by the priest Sophronios of Ryazem (1381) is devoted to this event. Demetrios of the Don had a great reverence for the holy Great Martyr Demetrios. In 1380, on the eve of the Battle of Kulikovo, he solemnly transferred from Vladimir to Moscow the most holy object in the Vladimir Dimitriev cathedral: the icon of the Great Martyr Dēmḗtrios of Thessaloniki, painted on a board from the grave of the saint. A chapel dedicated to the Great Martyr Dēmḗtrios was built at Moscow’s Dormition Cathedral. Saint Demetrios Memorial Saturday was established for church-wide remembrance of the soldiers who fell in the Battle of Kulikovo. This memorial service was held for the first time at the Trinity-Saint Sergius monastery on October 20, 1380 by Saint Sergius of Radonezh, in the presence of Great Prince Demetrios of the Don. It is an annual remembrance of the heroes of the Battle of Kulikovo, among whom are the Schema-monks Alexander (Peresvet) and Andrew (Oslyab). Dēmḗtrios is regarded as a protector of the young, and is also invoked by those struggling with lustful temptations. Martyr Nestor of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 27;

Greece, 318, Holy Great Martyr Xenίa of Kalamata, Peloponnese (Pamisos River Mouth, Gulf of Messini), forgotten martyr 1700yrs
Greece, 1967, Holy Great Martyr Xenίa of Kalamata, Messenia, Peloponnese (Pamisos River Mouth, Gulf of Messini), forgotten martyr 1700yrs, 318-1967, asked Fr George Nsis, NYC to paint her Icon holding a cross, research found young woman blond blue eyes, since then many miracles, Kalamata church built 1993; Kalamata, Messenia, Peloponnese; Holy Great Martyr Xenίa of Kalamata, Commemorated on May 3; Holy Great Martyr Xenίa was born in Kalamata in 291 to devout and God-loving parents, Nicholas and Despina, were from the eastern part of Italy. Because of the persecution of Christians at that time, they fled to Kalamata in the Peloponnesos, where they had a farm outside the city, because her father was a farmer. a young age Saint Xenίa adorned her soul with fasting, temperance, silence, unceasing prayer, tears, vigils, and charity. Dometian, the eparch of that region, happened to meet the Saint, he was dazzled by her beauty and wanted to make her his wife. Xenίa absolutely refused to change her faith, or to become the wife of an idolater. Dometian had her arrested. The Saint was tortured mercilessly and then beheaded in 318. Thus, she entered into the joy of her Lord and received an unfading crown of glory from Christ God. George Nasis, the rector of Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church in New York City from 1942-1967 praying one day when a beautiful woman appeared to him. She said her name was Xenίa, martyr who had been forgotten for almost 1700 years. She asked him to paint an icon, depicting her holding a cross. first Father George did not mention this to anyone, thinking that perhaps people would mock him. Then he decided to inform the Archbishop. Researchers tried to find references to Saint Xenίa of Kalamata, but they were not successful. they found her name in a list of Saints, where she is described as a young woman with blonde hair and blue eyes. God's grace, the Saint has worked many miracles after her death. 1993, a new parish church of the Holy Trinity was built in the western part of Kalamata, which has a chapel dedicated to Saint Xenia.

Greece, Thessaly, 325-330, Achilles the Bishop of Larissa, Thessaly, denounced Arius at first council, deliverance
Greece, Thessaly, 325-330, Achilles the Bishop of Larissa, Thessaly (near Pineios River Mouth), denounced Arius at first council, deliverance ; Larissa; St Achilles the Bishop of Larissa, Commemorated on May 15; Achilles, Bishop of Larissa, lived during the fourth century, during the reign of Saint Constantine the Great. Glorified for his holiness of life and erudition, he was made Bishop of Larissa in Thessaly. Achilles participated in the First Ecumenical Council, where he boldly denounced the heretic Arius. In his city he strove to promote Christianity, destroyed idolatrous pagan temples, and he built and adorned churches. Achilles had the gift of healing sickness, especially demonic possession, and he worked many miracles. The saint died peacefully in about the year 330. His relics have remained in Prespa, in today's Republic of Macedonia, since 978.

Greece, 350-401, Julius of Aegina, studied wBasil&Gregory iAthens, pGospel wJulius biAengina, bMany Gentiles, longLife
Greece, 350-401, Julius of Aegina Island (between Athens and Corinth), wealth, Athens study w Basil&Gregory, preached w Deacon Julian back in Aegina, apostolic staves, ordained Priest, proclaimed Gospel, Baptized many Gentiles, Withdrew to Kousion on Lake Orta, died age 71; Aegina Island; Saint Julius of Aegina, Commemorated on January 31; Julius was born in 330 on the island of Aegina to wealthy and pious parents who nurtured him in the discipline and admonition of the Lord (Ephesians 6:4). learned to read and write, and then he studied in Athens with Saints Basil (January 1) and Gregory (January 25). returning to Aegina, he and Deacon Julian decided to emulate Saint Paul, the Apostle to the Gentiles, and to preach Christ. two Saints took up their apostolic staves (Mark 6:8) offered themselves to the Lord. was ordained as a priest by the Bishop of Athens. with the grace of the priesthood, he set off with Deacon Julian to proclaim the Gospel and to baptize many Gentiles. the end of his life he withdrew to Kousion on Lake Orta, after a life of asceticism and prayer, he reposed peacefully in 401 at the age of 71.

Greece, 361-363, Hieromartyr Mark, Bishop of Arethusa, destroyed pagan temple, rebuild demanded, tortured, no pain, set free
Greece, 361-363, Hieromartyr Mark, Bishop of Arethusa (Mygdonia, Axios River Mouth), destroyed pagan temple, Apostate Julian, demanded rebuild payment, foot-press, torn hair, slashed body, swamp, cut w knives, cut off ears, honey and greece for bees wasps hornets, did not notice the pain, set free, christians came back ; Arethusa (Mygdonia); Hieromartyr Mark the Bishop of Arethusa, who suffered under Julian the Apostate, Commemorated on March 29 ; Mark, Bishop of Arethusa, suffered for his faith in Christ under the emperor Julian the Apostate (361-363). order of the emperor Constantine (May 21), Saint Mark had once destroyed a pagan temple and built a Christian church. Julian came to the throne, he persecuted Christians and tried to restore paganism. Some citizens of Arethusa renounced Christianity and became pagans. Then Saint Mark’s enemies decided to take revenge on him. The old bishop hid himself from the persecutors at first, but then gave himself up when he learned that the pagans had tortured many people in their search for him. holy Elder was led through the city and given over to torture. They tore out his hair, slashed his body, dragged him along the street, dumped him in a swamp, tied him up, and cut him with knives. pagans demanded that the holy bishop pay them a large sum of money to rebuild the pagan temple, and he refused to do so. The persecutors invented several new torments: they squeezed the Elder in a foot-press, and they cut off his ears with linen cords. Finally, they smeared the holy martyr’s body with honey and grease, then hung him up in a basket in the hot mid-day sun to be eaten by bees, wasps, and hornets. Saint Mark did not seem to notice the pain, and this irritated the tormentor all the more. pagans kept lowering the price he had to pay for their temple, but Saint Mark refused to give them a single coin. Admiring him for his courage and endurance, the pagans stopped asking him for money and set him free. Many of them returned to Christ after hearing his talks. Gregory the Theologian (January 25) describes the sufferings of Saint Mark in his First Oration against Julian. Theodoritus of Cyrrhus also mentions him in his Church History (Book 3, Ch. 6)

Greece, 367-420, Thesalonica Saint, Porphyrios, Porphyry of Gaza, Archbishop
Byzantium, 367-420, Byzantine Saint, Porphyrios, Porphyry of Gaza; St. Porphyrius the Bishop of Gaza, Commemorated on February 26;

Greece, 395, Ekoumenios, Wonderworker oTrikala Fortress, Thessaly, well educated, writer, bishop, water fStone tProve Truth
Greece, 995, Ekoumenios, Wonderworker of Trikala, Thessaly (Pineios River 2), educated, writer, bishop, fCappadocia, Achilles' nephew, 395, 325 ECouncil, made water gush forth from stone to prove true faith, Trikala Fortress shrine fE; Trikkala; Saint Ekouménios, Wonderworker of Trikala, Commemorated on May 3; is much disagreement about Saint Ekouménios (Οικουμένιος), concerning his identity and exactly when he lived. to prevailing opinion, Saint Ekouménios lived in the late X century (ca. 995). studied all the Fathers of the Church and became an excellent interpreter of Holy Scripture. the same time, he wrote Commentaries on the Acts of the Apostles, the fourteen Epistles of Saint Paul, as well as his seven catholic Epistles. contemporaries esteemed him for his blameless character and his excellent education. he was chosen for the episcopal throne of Trikala (in Thessaly), where he proved himself as a faithful Archpastor and disciple of the Lord Christ. reposed in peace. according to another strong and persistent local tradition, Saint Ekoumenios lived in the IV century, as the learned Metropolitan Anthony of Larίsa mentions in the Encomium he wrote for Saint Ekoumenios in the XIV century. to this Encomium, Saint Ekouménios was from Cappadocia, and was the nephew of Saint Achilles of Larίsa (May 15) and the cousin of Saint Rēgίnos, Bishop of Skopelos (February 25). He followed his Spiritual Father and teacher Achilles to Larίsa, and finally he was elected Bishop of Trίkkē, thus fulfilling his uncle's great desire to see him enthroned as a Hierarch. of them participated in the First Ecumenical Synod (in 325), where they performed a miracle to prove which was the true Faith (they made water gush forth from a stone). Ekoumenios reposed full of days, and was shown to be a wonderworker. honored relics of Saint Ekouménios were kept in a shrine in the church of the Archangel Michael, which was located in the fortress (Trikala). the village of Haϊdeménē, Trίkkē there is a church dedicated to Saint Ekouménios opposite Refuge hill, where according to Tradition Saint Ekouménios withdrew for solitude.

Greece, 400, 5th Century Folder, Kathariotissa Icon

Greece, 401, Kathariotissa Icon, Ithaca, West Greece, Epirus shepherds flee w Luke's birth icon, lost, clearing fire, not burned
Ithaka Island; Icon of the Mother of God Kathariotissa, Commemorated September 8 ; wonderworking icon depicting the Nativity of the Theotokos is venerated on the Greek island of Ithaca. Monastery of Kathara; Monastery of the Kathara, pilgrimage and reference point for all inhabitants of Ithaca, built on the south-eastern peak of the Homeric Mount Nirito in a nice corner, 600m from the sea and 15 km. from Vathy. history of the monastery begins in 1696. history of the image of the Virgin is even older, reported by Father Theodosius Dendrinos in the second edition of his book 'The Monastery of Our Lady of Kathara, Ithaca'. local dialect the name “Kathara” means the twigs and small shrubs which are cut and burned to clear some place. says that shepherds from Epirus were persecuted by the Albanians so they had to leave their homes and flee to Ithaca where they settled on Mount Nirito at Mazos location, 400 approximately opposite the current monastery. realized that the miraculous picture depicting the Genesis of the Virgin was missing. night they saw a blinding light at the location where there is now the church of the monastery. all the research they never found anything there. same phenomenon was repeated for several nights, so they decided to cut and burn the bushes and twigs to clean the place to see what is going on there. the fire was extinguished they saw a picture that was not burned. was the painting of Genesis of the Virgin. They decided to built a small church so they could place the painting inside. version of how the church got its name is that it was founded by followers of the Catholic heresy of the Cathars. According to archaeologist-author W. Gell in his book "The geography and antiquities of Ithaca," the site was dedicated to Apollo. theory concerning the name comes from author Ms. Rita Tsintili- Vlisma who says that there used to be a pagan temple (probably of Goddess Athena) at the location where the church is today. One of the many nicknames of the Goddess was ''Kathara”. little further from the monastery there is a bell tower and the chapel of Saints Constantine and Helen. During the years of occupation and mainly because of the earthquakes of 1953, the bell tower was destroyed and rebuilt. The view from the bell tower is breathtaking: You can see the southern part of the island, part of eastern Kefalonia, in the far left you can see Echinades Islands, the west coast of Aitoloakarnania, and far in the distance when visibility is good you can see the Peloponnese and Zakynthos on the right. painting of the Virgin is attributed to St. Luke and represents the birth of the Virgin. early 1993 monk Theodosius (aka Elias Vlismas) comes to the monastery and offers his services to the grace of Mary. is a patron and protector of the island and is celebrated on September 8th every year. Bibliography: 'The Monastery of Our Lady of Kathara Ithaca' (second edition) Father Theodosius Dendrinos. Source: Municipality of Ithaca Website

Greece, 600, 7th Century Folder, St Peter the Athonite

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 681, Saint Peter the Athonite
Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 681, Saint Peter the Athonite ; Venerable Peter of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on June 12;

Greece, 700 8th Century Folder, Axion Estin Hymn Icon

Greece, 717-41&982, Axion Estin Icon, Archangel Gabriel writes hymn oTile, after bloody icon floats fConstantinople
Greece, Mt Athos, 717-741 &982, Axion Estin Icon, Archangel Gabriel writes hymn on tile 982, after bloody icon floats fConstantinople tMt Athos, after soldier slashed it 717-41, tile tC, expanded hymn Axion Estin in Divine Liturgy; Protaton Church Synaxis of the “Axion Estin” Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on June 11; to Tradition, during the iconoclast persecution of Leo III the Isaurian (717-741), Icon of the Theotokos was slashed by the sword of one of the Emperor’s soldiers. Blood flowed from the Icon into the sea. Shaken by this sign, the repentant sinner fled to Mount Athos. day he saw the Icon, which had floated from Constantinople, lying on the shore, it was still bleeding and dyeing the water red. ran toward it and, with fear and trembling, he carried it to the Protaton church. the Icon stopped bleeding, indicating that the Panagia had forgiven him for desecrating her holy Icon. (Greek: Παναγία, fem. of panágios, pan- + hágios, the All-Holy, or the Most Holy; pronounced Greek pronunciation: (also transliterated Panaghia or Panajia), in Medieval and Modern Greek, is one of the titles of Mary, mother of Jesus, used especially in Eastern Catholicism and Orthodox Christianity. Most Greek churches dedicated to the Virgin Mary are called Panagia; the standard western Christian designation of "St. Mary" is rarely used in the Orthodox East, as Mary is considered the holiest of all created beings and therefore of higher status than the Saints.) years later, a certain Elder and his disciple were living in a cave near Karyes. a Saturday night in 982, the Elder went to attend the All-Night Vigil at Karyes, leaving his disciple behind to read the service in their cell. it was dark, an unknown monk came to the cell. He said that his name was Gabriel, and the disciple invited him to come in. it was time for the Vigil, the two monks began to pray before the Icon of the Mother of God. they finished the eighth Ode of the Canon, the disciple began to chant: “My soul magnifies the Lord...” and then he sang the Irmos of Saint Cosmas the Hymnographer (Oct. 14): “More honorable than the Cherubim...” visitor then chanted the next verse: “For He hath regarded the lowliness of His handmaiden; for behold, henceforth all generations shall call me blessed.” instead of singing “More honorable...” the visitor prefaced it with: “It is truly meet to bless thee, O Theotokos, ever blessed and most pure, and the Mother of our God.” he continued with “More honorable.” the singing of this hymn, the Icon was illumined with a heavenly light, the disciple was moved to tears He asked his guest to write down the new words, but there was no paper. stranger took a roofing tile and wrote the entire hymn upon it with his finger, as though it were made of wax. disciple then realized that this was no ordinary monk, but the Archangel Gabriel. The heavenly visitor told him, “Sing the hymn this way, and all of the Orthodox as well.” Then, he disappeared. light continued to shine forth from the Icon for a long time. Eleousa (Merciful) Icon of the Mother of God, before which the hymn “It Is Truly Meet” was first sung, was transferred to the katholikon at Karyes. tile, with the hymn written on it by the Archangel Gabriel, was taken to Constantinople when Saint Nicholas Chrysoberges (December 16) was Patriarch. copies of the “It Is Truly Meet” Icon are revered in Russian churches. At the Galerna Harbor of St. Petersburg a church with five cupolas was built in honor of the “Merciful” Mother of God, and into it they placed a grace-bearing copy of the “Axion Estin” Icon sent from Mount Athos. inscription on the scroll held by Christ reads: “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me.” Axion Estin Icon kept at the High Place in the sanctuary of the Holy Dormition katholikon at Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos. on the Igoumen's stone chair, the Icon is an object of great veneration. church is known as Protaton because it was the first church to be built on the Holy Mountain in 843 by Saint Athanasios the Athonite (July 5) iconography of the church was done in the XIII century by the renowned iconographer Emmanuel Panselinos. Icon takes its name from the hymn we sing after the epiklesis during the Divine Liturgy. cell where the miracle took place is known today by the name “Axion Estin.” miracle occurred on June 11, 982 on a Sunday. miraculous tile on which was the hymn was transcribed was transferred to the Patriarchate of Constantinople and was displayed for veneration by the faithful in the imperial palace Church of Saint Stephen. that time on, the expanded hymn Axion Estin became part of the Divine Liturgy and other services of the Church. Icon is especially honored with festivities and a procession on Bright Monday, and many miracles take place on that day. Icon itself is a bit faded, but is now covered by a silver riza. has been restored recently and is in good condition. is an inscription: “Μήτηρ Θεού Καρυώτισσα” or “Mother of God Karyotissa (of Karyes).” it came from Constantinople, and belongs to the Panagia Eleousa type, which was first painted by the Holy Apostle and Evangelist Luke. the one thousand year anniversary of Mount Athos in 1963, the Axion Estin Icon left the Holy Mountain for the first time to be venerated in Athens by thousands of faithful. 1985 it was brought to Thessaloniki aboard a military ship and received there with the same honors as a Head of State.

Greece, 800, 9th Century Folder, Clement of Ochrid

Greece, 825-875, Georgian Hilarion, Wworker of Thesslnc, MOG vision Georgia, then stayed in Thess, m relics shrine, to Romana
Greece, Macedonia, Thessalonica, 825-875, Georgian Hilarion, Monk & Wonderworker of Thessalonica, Macedonia (Axios River Mouth, K Triangle of Roman Roads), to D G Wilderness of Georgia, famous, to Jerusalem, Elijah's cave, vision MOG mt Olives, return to home, prepare meal for Lord, founded Georgia convent and monastery, to Olympus in AM, To C & Rome, stopped in Thess along the way, healed boy, convinced to stay by boy's f t perfect, miraculous shrine for h relics there, Emperor w move relics to C, but not city, Romana Monastery for his elders; Thessalonica; Venerable Hilarion the Monk and Wonderworker of Thessalonica, Georgian, Commemorated on November 19 ; Hilarion the Georgian was the son of a Kakheti aristocrat. were other children in the family, but only Hilarion was dedicated to God from his very birth. Hilarion’s father built a monastery on his own land, and there the boy was raised. the age of fourteen Hilarion left the monastery and his father’s guardianship and settled in a small cave in the Davit-Gareji Wilderness. he remained for ten years. report spread through all of eastern Georgia of the angelic faster and tireless intercessor in prayer. Crowds flocked to his cave to receive instruction, blessings, and counsel. When the bishop of Rustavi came to visit Hilarion, he ordained him a priest. Soon he was made abbot of Saint Davit of Gareji Lavra. his ordination, the holy father was praised even more among his people, and he decided to leave his motherland. Hilarion chose one of the brothers to replace him as abbot of the monastery and set off on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. the way Venerable Hilarion was attacked by a band of vicious thieves. They sought to kill the holy father, but their hands suddenly withered. When the terrified thieves realized that God had punished them for raising their hands to kill the saint, they fell to their knees before Saint Hilarion and begged his forgiveness. The venerable father blessed them with the sign of the Cross, healed them and let them depart in peace. Hilarion venerated the holy places in Jerusalem, then settled in a cave in the Jordan wilderness (according to tradition, the holy prophet Elijah had dwelt in that same cave). night Saint Hilarion saw a vision: He was standing before the Most Holy Theotokos, in the midst of twelve men, on the Mount of Olives, the place of our Lord’s Ascension. The Holy Virgin said to him, “Hilarion! Return to your home and prepare a meal for the Lord, my Son!” waking, Hilarion understood this vision with both his heart and mind and immediately set off for his motherland. he returned to Georgia, Saint Hilarion learned of the repose of his father and brothers. His mother gave her only living son the family inheritance. Hilarion founded a convent with the resources he had inherited, donated lands to the monastic community, and established its rules. Then he gathered seventy-six worthy monk-ascetics and founded a monastery for men. He distributed his remaining property to the poor and disabled. before, the news of Saint Hilarion’s virtuous deeds spread quickly through all of Georgia. Again many desired to receive his blessing and counsel, but when the clergy announced their intention to consecrate him a bishop, he abandoned Georgia for the second time. He took two companions and journeyed to Constantinople. the long journey, Hilarion and his companions finally reached Mt. Olympus in Asia Minor and settled in a small, forsaken church. During the evening services on Cheese-fare Saturday, the lamplighter from the Monastery of Saint Ioannicius the Great came to the church to light an icon lamp, and seeing that several people had settled there, he brought them some food. next Saturday, the feast of Saint Theodore the Tyro, the same monk returned to the church and saw that the brothers had gone the whole week eating nothing but a few lentils. They had not touched the food he had brought them. So the monk asked Saint Hilarion what they needed, and Hilarion requested prosphora and wine for the Bloodless Sacrifice. Then Saint Hilarion celebrated the Liturgy at the appropriate time, received Holy Communion, and served the Holy Gifts to the brothers. the abbot of the Great Lavra heard that a service had been celebrated by an unknown priest in a language other than Greek, he was infuriated and ordered his steward and several of the monks to chase the strangers off the monastery property. But Saint Hilarion responded to the steward in Greek and asked for permission to spend the night in the church, promising to depart in the morning. night the Theotokos appeared to the abbot of the lavra in a vision. She stood at the foot of his bed and rebuked him, saying, “Foolish one! What has moved you to cast out these strangers, who left their own country for the love of my Son and God? Why have you broken the commandment to receive and show mercy to strangers and the poor? Do you not know that there are many living on this mountain that speak the same language as they? They are also praising God here. He who fails to receive them is my enemy, for my Son entrusted me to protect them and to ensure that their Orthodox Faith is not shaken. They believe in my Son and have been baptized in His name!” next day the elder fell to his knees before Saint Hilarion, begged forgiveness for his impertinence, and requested that he remain at the monastery. Saint Hilarion consoled the elder and agreed to stay. Hilarion spent five years on Mt. Olympus, then journeyed again to Constantinople, to venerate the Life-giving Cross of our Lord. From there he traveled to Rome to venerate the graves of the holy Apostles Peter and Paul. the way to Rome his prayers healed a paralyzed man. After spending two years in Rome, Saint Hilarion set off again for Constantinople. the way, in the city of Thessalonica, the blessed Hilarion stopped for a rest at the home of the prefect. he arrived, a servant woman was carrying a paralyzed fourteen-year-old boy out of the house, and she laid him in the sun. The saint asked the woman for water, and when she had gone to bring it, he blessed the child with the sign of the Cross and healed him. the boy ran to his mother, and Saint Hilarion quickly departed from that place. the prefect, the boy’s father, had witnessed the miracle, and he ordered that the wonderworker be found. When he had been brought before him, the prefect begged Saint Hilarion to remain in Thessalonica and choose for himself a place to continue his miraculous works. the prefect to be a true lover of God, the saint heeded his entreaty and agreed to remain. The prefect built a church in the place that Hilarion had chosen, and before long the entire city had heard about Saint Hilarion and his miracles. Hilarion spent the remainder of his days in Thessalonica. When the Lord made known to him the day of his repose, he called for the prefect, thanked him, and instructed him to love the monks and all the suffering and to be just and merciful. saint reposed on November 19, 875, and the sorrowful prefect prepared a marble shrine for him. Those who were sick and who approached Saint Hilarion’s grave with faith were healed of their infirmities. prefect and the archbishop of Thessalonica informed the Byzantine emperor Basil the Macedonian (867-886) about the miracles that had occurred at the holy father’s grave. emperor in turn informed the monks who came to him from Mt. Olympus, among whom was the elder who once had tried to chase Saint Hilarion out of the church. Basil became intrigued with Saint Hilarion’s disciples and fellow countrymen through the stories of Hilarion’s miracles. Hilarion’s three disciples were presented to him, and the emperor was so struck by their holiness that he sent them to the patriarch of Constantinople to receive his blessing. Recognizing immediately that the three elders were filled with divine favor, the patriarch advised the emperor to confer great honors upon them. response, Emperor Basil invited the elders to choose for themselves and their countrymen one of the monasteries in Constantinople and make it their own. fathers graciously declined since they did not wish to live in the populous city. the monks asked the emperor to build cells for them outside the capital. Emperor Basil built a large church dedicated to the Holy Apostles in a place that the Georgian fathers had chosen in a certain ravine, where a spring of cold water flowed from beneath a little hill, and he carved a cell for himself as well. monastery was called “Romana,” after the nearby brook. the emperor sent his own two sons, Leo and Alexander, to be raised by the holy fathers. Basil sought to bury Saint Hilarion’s holy relics in the capital, but the people of Thessalonica would not allow the relics to be taken away. the end, it was necessary for the emperor’s envoys to conceal the sacred shrine and carry it back to Constantinople in secret. emperor, the patriarch, and all the people met the arrival of Saint Hilarion’s relics with glorious hymns and prayers. the special burial vault had been built, the emperor kept Saint Hilarion’s holy relics in his own chamber. nights after the relics had arrived, Basil awoke to an unusual fragrance. No one in the court could discover its source. the emperor dozed off again, Saint Hilarion appeared to him in his vestments and said, “You have done a good deed by preparing a shelter for my remains. the sweet fragrance you smell was acquired in the wilderness, not in the city. if you desire to receive the divine blessings in full, take me away to the wilderness!” emperor reported this wondrous turn of events to the patriarch and the prefect, and with their consent he brought the holy relics of Saint Hilarion to the Monastery of Romana.

Greece, 829-842, Iviron Icon, Nicean widow, spear, blood flowed, on water to Iveron, Gabriel on water, icon at gate
Greece, Mt Athos, 829-842, Iviron Icon, iconoclasm heresy, soldiers searching for icons, Nicean widow, spear into her icon, blood flowed, soldiers fled, virgil all night, cast it upon water, levitated upright, sailed westward, to Iveron, pillar of light, Theotokos, Gabriel alone worthy to receive icon, Gabriel walks out on water to receive it, cold sweet spring where Icon stood, then icon hanging near entrance gate; Iviron monastery ; Icon of the Mother of God Iveron, Commemorated on February 12; the reign of Emperor Theophilus (829-842) the Byzantine Empire raged with the heresy of iconoclasm. In accordance with the emperor’s command, thousands of soldiers pillaged the empire, searching every corner, city, and village for hidden icons. the city of Nicaea there lived a certain pious widow who had concealed an icon of the Most Holy Theotokos. Before long the soldiers discovered it, and one of them thrust his spear into the image. by God’s grace his terrible deed was overshadowed by a miracle: blood flowed forth from the wound on the face of the Mother of God. frightened soldiers quickly fled. widow spent the whole night in vigil, praying before the icon of the Most Holy Theotokos. In the morning, according to God’s will, she took the icon to the sea and cast it upon the water. The holy icon stood upright on the waves and began to sail westward. passed, and one evening the monks of the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos beheld a pillar of light, shining upon the sea like the sun (ca. 1004). The miraculous image lasted several days, while the fathers of the Holy Mountain gathered together, marveling. Finally they descended to the edge of the sea, where they beheld the pillar of light standing above the icon of the Theotokos. But when they approached it, the icon moved farther out to sea. that time a Georgian monk named Gabriel was laboring at the Iveron Monastery. The Theotokos appeared to the fathers of the Holy Mountain and told them that Gabriel alone was worthy to retrieve the holy icon from the sea. the same time, she appeared to Gabriel and told him, “Enter the sea, and walk out upon the waves with faith, and all will witness my love and mercy for your monastery.” monks of Mt. Athos found Gabriel at the Georgian monastery and led him down to the sea, chanting hymns, and censing with holy incense. Gabriel walked out upon the water as though upon dry land, took the icon in his arms, and obediently carried it back to shore. miracle occurred on Bright Tuesday. the monks were celebrating a paraklesis of thanksgiving, a cold, sweet spring miraculously gushed forth from the ground where the icon stood. Afterwards they took the icon to a church and set it down in the sanctuary with great reverence. the next morning one of the monks came to light a lamp and discovered that the icon was no longer where they had left it; now it was hanging on a wall near the entrance gate. The disbelieving monks took it down and returned it to the sanctuary, but the next day the icon was again found at the monastery gate. This miracle recurred several times, until the Most Holy Virgin appeared to Gabriel, saying, “Announce to the brothers that from this day they should not carry me away. For what I desire is not to be protected by you; rather I will overshadow you, both in this life and in the age to come. As long as you see my icon in the monastery, the grace and mercy of my Son shall never be lacking!” with exceeding joy, the monks erected a small church near the monastery gate to glorify the Most Holy Theotokos and placed the wonderworking icon inside. The holy icon came to be known as the “Ivḗron Mother of God” and, in Greek, Portaitissa. By the grace of the miraculous Ivḗron Icon of the Theotokos, many miracles have taken place and continue to take place throughout the world. ------------------------------------------------------

Greece, 829-842, Luke's Prousos Icon, Iconoclasts, MOG saved it, chanting light fCave, moved but MOG returned it, Great Story
Greece, Thessaly, 829-842, Prousos Icon, Prousos Monastery, Proussos 361 00 Karpenisi, Evrytania, Thessaly, cave carved out monastery temple, Luke's Icon, young nobleman from Prousa, Bithynia, Iconoclast Theophilos time, ordered icons destroyed, he disregarded order, took icon tGreece, lost it aGallipoli, MOG put icon in Eurytania cave, where shepherd found it, he settled iNew Patra, heard oMiraculous Eurytania events, shepherd boy heard chanting from cave, pillar light reaching up tHeaven, Pyrsos fLight iCave, many people came, found icon source of light in cave, young man went there to get his icon, took it but MOG returned it by telling him to and for him to stay, he built chapel in cave, Hodegetria type, gilded cover from 1821 General who stayed there, monastery devastated many times bTurks but not the cave temple, Germans tried to burn it, but officer punished by MOG (Panagia), 1948 Greek civil war icon moved to acropolis of Naupaktos, 9th Division soldiers see MOG in Cave Temple, she identified when they saw the Icon, ; Prousos Monastery, Proussos 361 00 Karpenisi; Prousos Monastery, Proussos 361 00 Karpenisi; Prousiotissa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on August 23; upon the fir-covered mountain peaks of southwestern Eurytania, wedged between vertical grayish rocks in savage majesty, is the Holy Monastery of Proussos. is an historic stauropegial monastery, with magnificent three-storey building among them a cave has been carved out, inside of which is the first ancient temple of the monastery. it is kept the wonderworking Icon of the Panagia (the All-Holy Virgin), called Prousiotissa, and her Feast Day is celebrated with grandeur and solemnity on August 23. to Tradition, this wonderworking Icon of the Theotokos is believed to have been painted by the Holy Evangelist Luke (October 18), came from Prousa in Asia Minor (according to manuscript 3 of the codex of the Holy Monastery of Prousiotissa). was taken from Prousa by a young nobleman in the reign of the last iconoclastic Emperor Theophilos (October 2, 829 – January 20, 842). ordered all the icons to be removed from the churches and destroyed. Orthodox people protected and hid the holy icons, even though the penalty for this "crime" was exile or death. the Emperor's decree was read in the city of Proussa, the son of a member of the imperial court chose to disregard it. the the Holy Icon, he sought refuge on the Greek mainland, because the persecution was not quite as severe there, on the islands, or on the coast of Asia Minor. the way to Greece, however, the young man lost the Icon at Gallipoli in Thrace, which caused him great sorrow. “Woe is me, the wretched one," he cried. “The Mother of God has abandoned me because of my sins." Icon had returned miraculously to a cave in a wild part of Eurytania (in the vicinity of Litza and Agrapha, where the monastery and the Icon's shrine are at present), and where it was revealed to some local shepherds on the night of August 22-23. young man chose not to go back, because he could not bear to live among the iconoclasts. continued on his journey and settled in the city of New Patre, near the northwest end of the Peloponnesos. went by, and then one day he heard rumors about certain miraculous events in the region of Aitola. to these reports, the son of a local shepherd was tending his father's flock in a rugged, inaccessible spot in the mountains. There were no homes or villages, but only a shelter for the shepherds. night, as the child was sleeping, he was awakened by heavenly chanting coming from a cave behind him. much apprehension he turned and saw a fiery pillar of light coming from the cave and reaching up to Heaven. is why the Icon is also called Pyrsos - because of the place where it was hidden. the boy went to inform his father what he had seen. father thought that his son had been dreaming, and told him not to fear things that weren't real. young man insisted, however, that what he had heard and seen was real. next night, the child brought his father to the same place where he had seen the pillar of light, so that he could see this phenomenon for himself. man saw exactly what his son had described, but he did not dare to look in the cave. next day he took other people there, and all of them saw the same vision. searching the area they discovered the Holy Icon in the cave, radiant and luminous. with joy, they venerated the Icon, and decided to keep it there. discovery of her Holy Icon was the first miracle of Panagia Prousiotissa. the young man who had lost the Icon heard about an Icon of the Theotokos which had been revealed by a pillar of light. and his servants left at once, and after two days they arrived at the cave where the Icon was kept. moment he saw the Icon he knew it was the same one he had lost. venerating the Icon, he gave gifts to the shepherds and started back to New Patre with it. shepherds’ joy turned to sorrow when they realized they were being deprived of the Icon. They pleaded with the young man to leave the Holy Icon with them. told them that the Icon belonged to him, and that he had given them rich gifts to compensate them for their loss. he said that the mountain was not a good place to build a church or to accommodate pilgrims. Then he took the Icon and left. he and his companion were tired and had to rest, they stopped at a certain place. fell asleep and when they woke up, they couldn't find the Icon. that the shepherds had stolen it while they were sleeping, they retraced their steps. they came to a narrow spot near the river, the young man heard a voice, saying, young man, be saved! Go in peace and do not labor any more. It pleases me to remain here with the shepherds and peasants, but not to be in the cities with people who preach heresy. you wish to remain with me, then come to the place where you found me. This will be for your benefit." the young man was able to hear the voice. obedience to the Mother of God, he freed his servants, gave away all of his possessions, and went back to the cave where he had found the Icon, accompanied by one of his servants, who decided to remain with him. was convinced that it was the will of the Panagia that she should remain there. young man built a chapel in the cave for the Icon. and his servant both received the monastic tonsure from Hieromonk Raphael, who came from the hermitage of Saint Demetrios. was tonsured with the name Demetrios, and his servant received the name Timothy. he built a cell opposite the chapel in a quiet place, where they repented for their sins. Demetrios reposed there in peace, after living a God-pleasing life. His disciple Timothy buried his body in the church he had built, and his blessed soul flew to Heaven. was the beginning of the Monastery of the Most Holy Theotokos of Prousa (or Prousiotissa). Icon of the All-Holy Virgin is of the Hodēgḗtria type has a gilded silver-plated metal cover, the gift of General George Karaiskakis, who was housed in the Monastery during the Revolution of 1821. metal cover was made by the goldsmith George Karanikas in 1824, as is shown by the embossed inscription above the right shoulder of the Mother of God: "The Pantanassa. Through the generosity of General George Karaiskakis, made by the hand of George Karanikas, 1824." Monastery's records show that it had been devastated many times during the Turkish occupation. last act of vandalism (by the Germans in 1944) reduced the buildings into piles of rubble. the buildings fell, an officer wanted to burn down the church. He tried to do so many times, but to no avail. he was standing outside and giving orders, he was punished by the Panagia, as an example to others. invisible force threw him violently onto the pavement. The impact was very powerful, and the German was unable to get up. The soldiers lifted him and placed him upon an animal in order to carry him to Agrinio. the temple remained unharmed, just as it has been preserved intact through the centuries. years passed, and a civil war was raging in the Greek countryside. inhabitants of Eurytania and Naupaktos left their villages, seeking safety in other parts of Greece. brought their wonderworking Icon with them. She also shared the fate of her children, and was carried by the monks of Proussos to the acropolis of Naupaktos. monastery remains completely deserted. a long time, the army's operations began. Ninth Division launched an attack to wipe out Eurytania. sections passed through Proussos. officers and soldiers approached the dark church of the cave and went in to pray. Inside, they beheld a strange sight. In front of the iconostasis, to the left of the Beautiful Gate, was a lit candle and a nun was kneeling there. The soldiers were amazed. How could this nun be living there at a time when Eurytania was completely abandoned by its residents? How did she live, what did she eat, where did she get oil for the lamp? When they asked her, she replied modestly and with pain: "My children, I've been living here alone for two and a half years. For my own life, I don't need food and bread. It is enough for me to have my lamp lit." soldiers grew tired of this business, and were in a hurry to leave, so they paid no attention to her words. But the next day, when they thought about it, they realized that this was a wondrous thing. when they passed through Naupaktos, they begged their commanding officer for permission to visit Metropolitan Christophoros of Naupaktos and Eurytania. The hierarch welcomed them with love, and after hearing their story, he was able to shed some light on the mystery. temple that you visited," he told them, "belongs to the now abandoned Prousiotissa Monastery, whose wonderworking Icon has been kept here for more than two years, in the chapel of our metropolis, at Saint Dionysios. Go there and venerate it, and then you will understand." did go to venerate the Icon. Then suddenly, everyone understood the mystery. the Icon of the Mother of God, they recognized the nun they had met in the chapel of the cave, high above Proussos!

Greece, 842, Iviron Icon Appearance, from Nicea, standing on water to I, fiery pillar, G w on water, to g protecting I
Greece, Mt Athos, 842, Iviron Icon Appearance, monastery (seaport, Serbian and Georgian, Mt Athos) from Nicea, standing on water to Athos, fiery pillar, Gabriel w on water, to gate protecting Iveron Monastery; Iviron monastery ; Appearance of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on March 31; Iveron Icon of the Mother of God (which is preserved on Mt. Athos) was kept in the home of a certain pious widow, who lived near Nicea. During the time of the emperor Theophilus, the Iconoclasts came to the house of this Christian, and one of the soldiers struck the image of the Mother of God with a spear. Blood flowed from the place where it was struck. widow, fearing its destruction, promised the imperial soldiers money and implored them not to touch the icon until morning. When the soldiers departed, the woman and her son (later an Athonite monk), sent the holy icon away upon the sea to preserve it. The icon, standing upright upon the water, floated to Athos. several days, the Athonite monks had seen a fiery pillar on the sea rising up to the heavens. They came down to the shore and found the holy image, standing upon the waters. After a Molieben of thanksgiving, a pious monk of the Iveron monastery, Saint Gabriel (July 12), had a dream in which the Mother of God appeared to him and gave him instructions. So he walked across the water, and taking up the holy icon, he placed it in the church. the following day, however, the icon was found not within the church, but on the gates of the monastery. This was repeated several times, until the Most Holy Theotokos revealed to Saint Gabriel Her will, saying that She did not want the icon to be guarded by the monks, but rather She intended to be their Protectress. After this, the icon was installed on the monastery gates. Therefore this icon came to be called “Portaitissa” or “Gate-Keeper” (October 13). This comes from the Akathist “Rejoice, O Blessed Gate-Keeper who opens the gates of Paradise to the righteous.” is a tradition that the Mother of God promised Saint Gabriel that the grace and mercy of Her Son toward the monks would continue as long as the Icon remained at the monastery. It is also believed that the disappearance of the Iveron Icon from Mt. Athos would be a sign of the end of the world. Iveron Icon is also commemorated on February 12, October 13 (its arrival in Moscow in 1648), and Bright Tuesday (commemorating the appearance of the Icon in a pillar of fire at Mt. Athos and its recovery by Saint Gabriel).

Greece, 842, Gabriel tGeorgian oMt Athos, Iveron monastery, chosen by MOG to walk on water tRetrieve Iveron Icon
Greece, Mt Athos, 842, Gabriel tGeorgian oMt Athos, Iveron monastery (seaport, Serbian and Georgian, Mt Athos), silence aIveron winter only, summer inaccessible clifts roots herbs, heavenly man earthly angel, icon arrives Iveron, pillar oLight oSea, several days, floating upright, drifted away fBoat, prayed, MOG appeared, told Gabriel only one worthy, appeared tGabriel, told him walk on water tGet it, image drew near, see Feb 12th; Iviron monastery ; Venerable Gabriel the Georgian of Mount Athos, Commemorated on July 12; Gabriel was a monk of the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos. summer he would withdraw to the inaccessible cliffs, and in winter he would return to the monastery and observe a strict rule of silence. in a coarse robe and eating nothing but roots and herbs, Saint Gabriel was truly a “heavenly man and an earthly angel.” at dusk, the monks of the monastery beheld a pillar of light shining forth upon the sea. vision lasted for several days, and finally monks from every monastery on the Holy Mountain gathered and descended together to the sea. beheld an icon of the Mother of God shining brilliantly and floating upright upon the surface of the water. fathers lowered a boat onto the water, hoping to bring the icon back with them to the shore, but each time their boat approached the icon, it drifted farther out to sea. the frustrated monks offered prayers and supplications to God in order to discern His will, the Most Holy Theotokos appeared in a divine revelation told them that the monk Gabriel alone was worthy to bring the icon bearing her image out from the sea. the same time, she appeared to the God-fearing Gabriel and told him, “Enter onto the sea and walk out upon the waves with faith, and I will send my love and mercy upon all the monks of this monastery.” elders of Mt. Athos located the rocky dwelling of the hermit Gabriel not far from the Iveron Monastery. brought Gabriel with them and went down to the sea with hymns and censing. stepped out onto the water and, walking upon the waves as upon dry land, approached the icon. the same time, the holy image drew nearer to him. the holy icon to his breast, Gabriel crossed back over the waves and delivered the icon safely to the shore. story of the miraculous Iveron Icon of the Theotokos is recounted in detail in the commemorations for February 12.) Gabriel reposed peacefully on Mt. Athos.

Greece, 845-885, CYRIL AND METHODIUS, MISSIONARIES TO SLAVS, f Thessalonica, Greece, Clement's relics, Cirilic a, Slavic litergy
Greece, 845-885, CYRIL AND METHODIUS, MISSIONARIES TO THE SLAVS, from Thessalonica, Greece, Constantine to Arabs, then philosophy prof, librarian, Methodius a slav governor, both then to Khazars Dnieper-Volga, discovered Clements relics, 863 G Moravia prince Rotislav asked for Slav missionaries, litergy in Slavonic, invented S alphabet, Cyrillic a, for Russian, Ukranian, Bulgarian, Serbian, Romanian, German missionaries of HRE, to Pope w Clements relics, new Caroligian Latin bishop forced M to exile in Bulgaria; Thessalonica; Repose of Saint Cyril, Equal of the Apostles and Teacher of the Slavs Commemorated on February 14; Cyril Equal of the Apostles, Teacher of the Slavs (Constantine in the schema), and his older brother Methodius (April 6), were Slavs, born in Macedonia in the city of Thessalonica. Cyril received the finest of educations, and from the age of fourteen he was raised with the son of the emperor. Later, he was ordained as a priest. Upon his return to Constantinople, he worked as a librarian of the cathedral church, and as a professor of philosophy. Saint Cyril successfully held debates with iconoclast heretics and with Moslems. for solitude, he went to Mount Olympos to his older brother Methodius, but his solitude lasted only a short while. Both brothers were sent by the emperor Michael on a missionary journey to preach Christianity to the Khazars in the year 857. Along the way they stopped at Cherson and discovered the relics of the Hieromartyr Clement of Rome (November 25). at the territory of the Khazars, the holy brothers spoke with them about the Christian Faith. Persuaded by the preaching of Saint Cyril, the Khazar prince together with all his people accepted Christianity. The grateful prince wanted to reward the preachers with rich presents, but they refused this and instead asked the prince to free and send home with them all the Greek captives. Saint Cyril returned to Constantinople together with 200 such captives set free. the year 862 began the chief exploit of the holy brothers. At the request of Prince Rostislav, the emperor sent them to Moravia to preach Christianity in the Slavic language. Saints Cyril and Methodius by a revelation from God compiled a Slavonic alphabet and translated the Gospel, Epistles, the Psalter and many Service books into the Slavonic language. They introduced divine services in Slavonic. holy brothers were then summoned to Rome at the invitation of the Roman Pope. Pope Adrian received them with great honor, since they brought with them the relics of the Hieromartyr Clement. Sickly by nature and in poor health, Saint Cyril soon fell ill from his many labors, and after taking the schema, he died in the year 869 at the age of forty-two. Before his death, he expressed his wish for his brother to continue the Christian enlightenment of the Slavs. Saint Cyril was buried in the Roman church of Saint Clement, whose own relics also rest there, brought to Italy from Cherson by the Enlighteners of the Slavs. CYRIL AND METHODIUS, MISSIONARIES TO THE SLAVS (14 FEB 869) ; (originally Constantine) and Methodius were brothers, from a noble family in Thessalonika, a district in northeastern Greece. was the younger, born in about 827, and his brother Methodius in about 825. They both entered the priesthood. undertook a mission to the Arabs, and then became a professor of philosophy at the imperial school in Constantinople and librarian at the cathedral of Santa Sophia. became governor of a district that had been settled by Slavs. brothers then retired to monastic life. about 861, the Emperor Michel III sent them to work with the Khazars northeast of the Black Sea in the Dnieper-Volga region of what was later Russia. They learned the Khazar language and made many converts, and discovered what were believed to be relics of Clement, an early Bishop of Rome. about 863, Prince Rotislav, the ruler of Great Moravia (an area including much of what was later Czechoslovakia), asked the emperor for missionaries, specifying that he wanted someone who would teach his people in their own language (he had western missionaries, but they used only Latin). emperor and the Patriarch Photius sent Methodius and his brother Constantine, who translated the Liturgy and much of the Scriptures into Slavonic. Slavonic had no written form, they invented an alphabet for it, the Glagolitic alphabet, which gave rise to the Cyrillic alphabet (named for Constantine aka Cyril), which is used to write Russian and (with modifications) several related languages today. used the Greek alphabet as their basis, writing a letter in two forms when two similar sounds in Slavonic each needed a letter (hence, in modern Russian, we have "plain a" written "A" and "fancy a" written like a backward "R" representing the sounds of hard and soft (or unpalatalized and palatalized) a, represented approximately in English by "ah" and "yah"). no Greek letter was close, then they borrowed from Hebrew (the letter TZADDI for the sound "ts" as in "tsar", and the letter SHIN for the sound "sh", and a variant on it for the sound "shch" as in "Khrushchev", and so on). resulting alphabet had 43 letters. It has since undergone development, chiefly simplification and the omission of letters. Thus, the modern Russian alphabet has only 32 letters. Cyrillic alphabet with minor variations is used today for Russian, Ukrainian, and other languages of the former USSR, and also for Bulgarian and Serbian and formerly for Rumanian. and Croats both speak Serbo-Croatian, but the Serbs, who are traditionally East Orthodox, write it with the Cyrillic alphabet, while the Croats, who are traditionally Roman Catholic, write it with the Latin alphabet. the first World War, there were many muslims (regarded as Turks) living in Greece, and many Christians (regarded as Greeks) living in western Turkey. Each group spoke the language of the country in which it lived, but the Greek-speaking Turks in Greece wrote Greek using the Arabic script that was then standard for writing Turkish, and the Turkish-speaking Greeks in Turkey wrote Turkish in the Greek alphabet. For some reason, the alphabet matters to rival religious groups.) Thus the brothers were the first to produce written material in the Slavic languages, and are regarded as the founders of Slavic literature. brothers encountered missionaries from Germany, representing the western or Latin branch of the Church, and more particularly representing the Holy Roman Empire as founded by Charlemagne, and committed to linguistic, and cultural uniformity. They insisted on the use of the Latin liturgy, and they regarded Moravia and the Slavic peoples as their rightful mission field. When friction developed, the brothers, unwilling to be a cause of dissension among Christians, went south toward Venice, and then from Venice to Rome to see the Pope, hoping to reach an agreement that would avoid quarreling between missionaries in the field. brought with them the above-mentioned relics of Clement, third bishop of Rome after the Apostles (see 23 November). arrived in Rome in 868 and were received with honor. Constantine entered a monastery there, taking the name Cyril, by which he is now remembered. However, he died only a few weeks thereafter. He is buried in Rome in the Church of San Clemente. Pope (Adrian II) gave Methodius the title of Archbishop of Sirmium (now Sremska Mitrovica in Yugoslavia) and sent him back in 869, with jurisdiction over all of Moravia and Pannonia, and authorization to use the Slavonic Liturgy. however, Prince Rotislav, who had originally invited the brothers to Moravia, died, and his successor did not support Methodius. 870 the Frankish king Louis and his bishops deposed Methodius at a synod at Ratisbon, and imprisoned him for a little over two years. The pope (John VIII) secured his release, but told him not to use the Slavonic Liturgy any more. In 878 he was summoned to Rome on charges of heresy and using Slavonic. This time Pope John was convinced by his arguments and sent him back cleared of all charges, and with permission to use Slavonic. died 6 April 885 in Velehrad, the old capitol of Moravia. Carolingian bishop who succeeded him, Wiching, suppressed the Slavonic Liturgy and forced the followers of Methodius into exile. found refuge with King Boris of Bulgaria (852-889), under whom they reorganized a Slavic-speaking Church. Meanwhile, Pope John's successors adopted a Latin-only policy which lasted for centuries. Cyril and Methodius are honored by Eastern and Western Christians alike, and the importance of their work in preaching and worshipping in the language of the people is recognized on all sides. by James Kiefer

Greece, 850-916, Clement of Ochrid, Bulgaria&Macedonia, Cyril&Method disciple, Slavonic s, Slavery, ransomed, Bulgaria
Albania, 850-916, Clement of Ochrid, Albania, disciple of Cyril and Methodios, services in Slavonic, sold as slaves in 886, ransomed from Venice, Moravia colapsed 907, to Bulgaria, Slavonic s, teach in Kutmichivisa Clement of Ohrid (c. 830-840 – 916) was one of the first Medieval Bulgarian saints,[6] scholar, writer and enlightener of the Slavs.[7][8][9][10][11] was one of the most prominent disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius and is often associated with the creation of the Glagolitic and Cyrillic scripts, especially their popularisation among Christianised Slavs. was the founder of the Ohrid Literary School and is regarded as a patron of education and language by some Slavic people. is considered to be the first bishop of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church,[12][13] one of the Seven Apostles of Bulgarian Orthodox Church and one of the premier saints of modern Bulgaria.[14] mission of Saint Clement was the crucial factor which transformed the Slavs in Macedonia into Bulgarians.[15] Saint Clement is also the patron saint of North Macedonia, the city of Ohrid[5] and the Macedonian Orthodox Church.[16][17] Ochrid (largest city on Lake Ochrid); Slavs; St Clement the Bishop of Ochrid and Enlightener of the Bulgarians, Commemorated on November 25 ; Clement, Bishop of Ochrid, Equal of the Apostles, Nahum, Savva, Gorazd and Angelar1 were Slavs, disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodios (May 11). first they lived as ascetics in Moravia, where Saint Gorazd succeeded Saint Methodios as bishop. He was fluent in Slavonic, Greek and Latin. Saints Clement, Nahum, Angelar and Savva were priests. Enlighteners of the Slavs were opposed by German missionaries, who had the support of the Pope and the patronage of the Moravian Prince Svyatopolk. struggle centered around the questions of the need for Divine Services in Slavonic, the Filioque, and Saturday fasting. Pope Stephen VI prohibited the use of Slavonic in church. proponents of the three-tongued heresy (who wanted to use only Hebrew, Greek, or Latin for Church Services), after setting aside the ancestral language of the Slavic peoples, brought the disciples of Saint Methodios to trial, including Saint Clement. They subjected them to fierce torture: dragging them through thorns, and holding them in prison for a long time, just as they had done with their Spiritual Father, Saint Methodios. 886, some of the prisoners were sold to slave-traders, and ended up in the Venice marketplace. The ambassador of the Byzantine Emperor Basil the Macedonian went to Venice, ransomed the Saints and took them to Constantinople. The older confessors were banished. It is not known where Saint Gorazd went, nor where Saint Savva found shelter. Saints Nahum and Angelar went to Bulgaria. 907 Moravia collapsed under the onslaught of the Magyars, and Moravian refugees by the same routes followed earlier by the Saints they had exiled. Bulgarians received the Slavonic confessors with respect and requested them to conduct Divine Services in the Slavonic language. Bulgarian Prince Boris sought people such as the disciples of Saint Methodios, who labored for the enlightenment of his nation. Right away, the Saints began to study Slavonic books collected by the Bulgarian nobles. Angelar soon reposed, and Saint Clement was appointed to teach at Kutmichivitsa, in southwest Macedonia. In the Eastern Church, a teacher had to be a worthy person, someone known for his devout life, and who was able to speak well in public. Saint Clement was a teacher while he was still in Moravia. In Bulgaria, he worked as an instructor until 893. He organized a school at the princely court, which was highly regarded by the time of Simeon's reign. In southwest Macedonia he created separate schools for adults and children. Clement instructed the children in reading and in writing. The total number of his students was enormous. Those chosen and accepted for ordination amounted to 3500 men. In the year 893, Saint Clement became Bishop of Dremvitsa, or Velitsa, and Saint Nahum took his place. Clement was the first Bulgarian hierarch to serve, preach and write in the Slavonic language. To this end he systematically trained clergy from among the Slavic people. The holy bishop labored for the glory of God into his old age. When his strength failed, and he was unable to fulfill his responsibilities in the cathedral, he asked Tsar Simeon to let him retire. Tsar urged the Saint not to abandon his cathedral, and Saint Clement agreed to continue his episcopal service. After this he went to Okhrid, to a monastery he founded. There he continued his work of translation, including some important portions of the Pentecostarion. Clement became seriously ill and departed to the Lord in the year 916. His body was placed in a coffin, which he had made with his own hands, and was buried at Okhrid's Saint Panteleimon Monastery. Clement is considered the first Slavonic author. Not only did he continue the translation work begun by Saints Cyril and Methodios, he also left behind works of his own composition, the first samples of Slavonic spiritual literature. of the lessons and sermons of Saint Clement were brought to Russia, where they were read and lovingly copied by devout Russian Christians. relics of Saints Gorazd and Angelar rest near Berat in Albania, and Saint Nahum’s relics are in the monastery which bears his name, near Lake Okhrid. Clement is also commemorated on November 22 (Greek usage), on November 25 (his Name Day), and on July 27 (the day of his blessed repose). His name may come from the Greek word αναγορεύω (to proclaim).

Greece, 850 9th Century, Martyr Barbarus, a robber, Larissa, Thessaly, repentence, death inevitability& last judgement, Myrrh
Greece, 850 9th Century, Martyr Barbarus, who was a robber, Larissa, Thessaly (near Pineios River Mouth), Lord turned him to repentence, thought of inevitability of death and last judgement, robber hanging beside Jesus, his eneffable mercy, Left his treasures behind, confessed to priest, lived w his cattle, absolution, 12 yrs in woods, received sign of forgiveness & Martyrdom, shot by merchant's arrows, heavenly light, currative myrrh, relics at the monastery of Kellios in Thessaly, near Larissa; a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larissa">Larissa; Martyr Barbarus in Thessaly, who was a robber, Commemorated on May 6; Holy Martyr Barbarus, formerly a robber, lived in Greece and for a long time he committed robberies, extortions and murders. the Lord, Who does not desire the death of a sinner, turned him to repentance. when Barbarus was sitting in a cave and gazing upon his stolen possessions, the grace of God touched his heart. thought about the inevitability of death, and about the dread Last Judgment. over the multitude of his wicked deeds, he was distressed in his heart and he decided to make a beginning of repentance, saying, “The Lord did not despise the prayer of the robber hanging beside Him. May He spare me through His ineffable mercy.” left all his treasures behind in the cave and he went to the nearest church. He did not conceal his wicked deeds from the priest, and he asked to be accepted for repentance. priest gave him a place in his own home, and Saint Barbarus followed him, going about on his hands and knees like a four-legged animal, since he considered himself unworthy to be called a man. the household of the priest he lived with the cattle, eating with the animals and considering himself more wicked than any creature. received absolution from his sins from the priest, Barbarus went into the woods and lived there for twelve years, naked and without clothing, suffering from the cold and heat. His body became dirty and blackened all over. Saint Barbarus received a sign from on high that his sins were forgiven, and that he would die a martyr’s death. merchants came to the place where Saint Barbarus labored. In the deep grass before them they saw something moving. Thinking that this was an animal, they shot several arrows from their bows. Coming closer, they were terrified to see that they had mortally wounded a man. Saint Barbarus begged them not to grieve. He told them about himself and he asked that they relate what had happened to the priest at whose house he had once lived. this, Saint Barbarus yielded up his spirit to God. The priest, who had accepted the repentance of the former robber, found his body shining with a heavenly light. The priest buried the body of Saint Barbarus at the place where he was killed. a curative myrrh began to issue forth from the grave of the saint, which healed various maladies. His relics are located at the monastery of Kellios in Thessaly, near the city of Larissa.

Greece, 855-867, Michael t soldier of Potouka, saintly child, commander, allies fled, rushed center, killed beast on way home
Bulgaria, 855-867, Michael t soldier of Potouka, Bulgaria (Yantra River 2.3, across river from Trnovo), saintly child, commander, Greek allies fled, prayed, rushed center, killed lake beast on way home, died, relics healed, 1800 r transferred to Wallacia; Potuka; Righteous Michael the soldier of Potouka, Bulgaria, Commemorated on November 22 ; Michael the Soldier of Bulgaria, among the first of the Bulgarians to become Christian, lived in the city of Potuka during the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Michael III (855-867). still an infant, he was known as a “saintly child.” his youth he led a blameless life, possessed the fear of God, fasted, generously distributed alms to the poor, visited the sick, and was meek and humble. twenty-four years of age Saint Michael was made commander of a troop of soldiers. that time, the Turks were warring against Christians, and Saint Michael inspired his troops by his bravery in battle. the allies of the Bulgarians, the Greeks, fled from the field of battle, he fell to the ground and prayed with tears for the deliverance of the Christians. he led his own soldiers against the enemy. Rushing into the center of the enemy formation, he put them into disarray, and remained unharmed himself. homeward after a battle, he rescued the inhabitants of a certain city in the Raipha wilderness from a huge beast which emerged from a lake and attacked children. came to see this brave soldier when they heard that he had slain the beast they once worshiped as a god. He preached the Gospel to them, and turned them from demon worship and human sacrifice. after he returned home, Saint Michael surrendered his soul to the Lord, Whom he had loved since his youth. He wrought many miracles after death, healing those who came to him with faith. transfer of the relics of the saint from Potuka to Trnovo occurred in the year 1206, and at the beginning of the nineteenth century, they were transferred to Wallachia.

Greece, 892, Theodora&dTheopiste, tThessalonica from Saracen Raids on Aegina Island, tMonastery aHusbands' death, virtuous life
Greece, 892, Theodora and her daughter Theopiste, moved tThessalonica due to Saracen Raids on Aegina Island, tMonastery after husbands death, virtuous life; Aegina Island; Venerable Theodora and her daughter Theopiste, Commemorated on August 3; Theodora was born in Aegina. her marriage, she and her husband moved to Thessaloniki because of the raids of the Saracens. her husband's death she entered the Monastery of Saint Stephen with her daughter Theopiste. lived a life of great virtue and reposed in the year 892. the commemoration of these saints is on August 29, their celebration was moved to August 3 because of the Feast of the Beheading of Saint John the Baptist.

Greece, 900, 10th 11th Century Folder, Russians, Mt Athos Georgians

Greece, 907, Russian incursion into Greece in 907
Russian incursion into Greece in 907 (Rus-“Byzantine War (907)); The very first pages of the Russian Primary Chronicle, as foreordained by God, is bound up with the name of the holy Great Martyr Demetrius of Thessalonica. The Chronicle relates that when Oleg the Wise threatened the Greeks at Constantinople (907), the Greeks became terrified and said, œThis is not Oleg, but rather St Demetrius sent upon us from God.Â Russian soldiers always believed that they were under the special protection of the holy Great Martyr Demetrius. Moreover, in the old Russian barracks the Great Martyr Demetrius was always depicted as Russian. Thus this image entered the soul of the Russian nation. Russian Primary Chronicle; Timeline of Russian history; Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrhgusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26; Oleg of Kiev and Novgorod (Little Russia); Little Russia (Ukraine);

Greece, 920-998, Nikon Metanoeite, gifted repentence Preacher, Pontus to Sparta, little heed, then miracles, sorrow b confessn
Armenia, 920-998, Nikon Metanoeite, the Preacher of Repentance, Pontus Polemoniacus Area (Kelkit River 2), wealthy son, to monastery, gifted preacher, Crete, Euboea, Aegina, Peloponnesus, repent, little heed, then miracles & loving nature, true sorrow for sins by prayer self denial confession, cave outside sparta, downtown sparta; Pontus Polemoniacus Area; Venerable Nikon Metanoeite, the Preacher of Repentance, Commemorated November 26 ; Nikon Metanoeite (“the Preacher of Repentance”) was born at Pontus Polemoniacus at the beginning of the tenth century. was the son of a wealthy landowner, and he was given the name Nicetas in Baptism. he had no desire to take over the management of his family’s wealth and estates, Nicetas entered the monastery of Chrysopetro, where he shone forth in prayer and asceticism. he received the monastic tonsure, he was given the new name Nikon. The new name symbolizes a new life in the Spirit (Romans 7:6), and the birth of the new man (Ephesians 4:24). monk is expected to stop associating himself with the old personality connected to his former life in the world, and to devote himself entirely to God. Nikon had a remarkable gift for preaching. he spoke of virtue and spiritual matters, his listeners were filled with heartfelt compunction and love for God. words produced such spiritual fruit in those who heard him that he was asked to travel through the eastern regions to preach. visited Armenia, Crete, Euboea, Aegina, and the Peloponnesus, proclaiming the Gospel of Christ. “Repent, for the Kingdom of Heaven is at hand.” was the message of Saint John the Baptist (Matthew 3:2), and of Christ Himself (Matthew 4:17). was also the message of Saint Nikon. Wherever he went, he would begin his sermons with “Repent,” hence he was called “Nikon Metanoeite,” or “Nikon, the Preacher of Repentance.” first, people paid little heed to his message. Then gradually he won their hearts through his preaching, his miracles, and his gentle, loving nature. stressed the necessity for everyone to repent, warning that those who utter a few sighs and groans and think that they have achieved true repentance have deluded themselves. Nikon told the people that true sorrow for one’s sins is cultivated by prayer, self-denial, almsgiving, ascetical efforts, and by confession to one’s spiritual Father. sowing the seeds of piety, Saint Nikon began to see them bear fruit. People started to change their lives, but he urged them to strengthen their souls in virtue and good works so that they would not be overwhelmed by the cares of this world. Saint Nikon settled in a cave outside Sparta. Soon he moved into the city, because so many people were coming to hear him. In the center of Sparta, he built a church dedicated to Christ the Savior. In time a monastery grew up around the church. Nikon never ceased to preach the Word of God, and to lead people back to the spiritual life of the Church. He also healed the sick, and performed many other miracles. Nikon fell asleep in the Lord in 998, and his memory was honored by the people around Sparta. During the Turkish occupation of Greece, however, he was all but forgotten, except in Sparta. After the Greek Revolution in 1821, a service to Saint Nikon was composed by Father Daniel Georgopoulos, and was based on the saint’s Life, which had been written by Igumen Gregory of Saint Nikon’s Monastery in 1142. Nikon was recognized as the patron saint of the diocese of Monemvasia and Lakedaimonia in 1893 when the cathedral church in Sparta was dedicated to Saint Nikon, the Preacher of Repentance.

Greece, 940-1003, Macedonia, Athanasius the Athonite
Macedonia, 940-1003, Athanasius the Athonite; Macedonia, 963, Lavra of St Athanasius, First Larva of Mt Athos; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1 ; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14 ; Venerable Gregory the Byzantine, Commemorated on April 6; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13; St Michael the Confessor the Bishop of Synnada, Commemorated on May 23; St (John) Tornike of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 12; Venerable Niphon of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 14; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; 6 Venerable Disciples of St Athanasius On Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Icon of the Mother of God œEconomissaÂ, Commemorated on July 5; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5 ;

Greece, 950, Vatopedi Comfort Icon, voice warned igumen to not open gates, pirates outside
Greece, Mt Athos, 807, Vatopedi Comfort Icon, voice warned igumen to not open gates, pirates outside; Vatopedi monastery ; Icon of the Mother of God "Comfort" or "Consolation", Commemorated January 21 ; Vatopedi “Comfort” or “Consolation” Icon of the Mother of God is in the old Vatopedi monastery on Athos, in the church of the Annunciation. was called “Vatopedi” because near this monastery Arcadius, the son of Empreor Theodosius the Great, fell off a ship into the sea, and by the miraculous intercession of the Mother of God he was carried to shore safe and unharmed. was found sleeping by a bush, not far from the monastery. From this event the name “Vatopedi” (“batos paidion,” “the bush of the child”) is derived. The holy Emperor Theodosius the Great (January 17), in gratitude for the miraculous deliverance of his son, embellished and generously endowed the Vatopedi monastery. the Vatopedi Icon, the Mother of God is depicted with Her face turned towards Her right shoulder. This is because on January 21, 807 She turned Her face towards the igumen of the monastery, who was standing near the holy icon, about to hand the keys of the monastery to the porter. A voice came from the icon and warned him not to open the monastery gates, because pirates intended to pillage the monastery. Then the Holy Child placed His hand over His Mother’s lips, saying, “Do not watch over this sinful flock, Mother, but let them fall under the sword of the pirates.” The Holy Virgin took the hand of Her Son and said again, “Do not open the gates today, but go to the walls and drive off the pirates.” The igumen took precautionary measures, and the monastery was saved. memory of this miraculous event a perpetual lamp burns in front of the wonderworking icon. Every day a Canon of Supplication is chanted in honor of the icon, and on Fridays the Divine Liturgy is celebrated. On Mt. Athos this icon is called “Paramythia,” “Consolation” (“Otrada”), or “Comfort” (“Uteshenie”). Icon of the Mother of God "Stabbed", Commemorated January 21; Icon of the Mother of God "Xenophon Hodigitria", Commemorated January 21 ; Venerable Neophytus of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated January 21 ;

Greece, 963, Lavra of St Athanasius, Macedonia, Mt Athos, First Larva of Mt Athos, Georgian
Macedonia, 963, Lavra of St Athanasius, First Larva of Mt Athos; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1 ; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14 ; Venerable Gregory the Byzantine, Commemorated on April 6; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13; St Michael the Confessor the Bishop of Synnada, Commemorated on May 23; St (John) Tornike of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 12; Venerable Niphon of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 14; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; 6 Venerable Disciples of St Athanasius On Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Icon of the Mother of God œEconomissaÂ, Commemorated on July 5; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5 ;

Greece, 963, Economissa Icon, spring of St Athanasius, Mt Athos, MOG stops Athanasius & promises to lead his monastery
Greece, Mt Athos, 963, Economissa Icon, The spring of St Athanasius, Mt Athos, 5 or 6 Miles, MOG stops Athanasius from leaving and promises to build and lead his monastery; Athanasius of Athos; Icon of the Mother of God "Economissa", Commemorated July 5 ; Economissa (or Stewardess) Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos depicts the Mother of God seated on a throne, with Her Son on her left knee. Saint Athanasius of Mt Athos (July 5) stands on her right, holding a model of the Great Lavra. On her left is Saint Michael of Synnada (May 23). Two angels hold a crown above her head. Mother of God has been considered the Stewardess of the Holy Mountain ever since the tenth century when the Great Lavra was being built. Athanasius of Mt Athos was abandoned by his monks because there was a shortage of food and money. He also left the half-built Lavra, and began walking toward Karyes, intending to ask for advice about whether or not to beg the emperor for the funds needed to complete the building. After about two hours, he saw a beautiful woman standing before him wearing a long blue veil. “I know your sorrow,” She said, “and I would like to help. Where are you going?” Athanasius explained everything that had happened, and She asked, “Have you deserted your monastery for a morsel of bread? Go back! You will have everything you need in abundance, if you do not abandon your monastery.” “Who are you?” the astonished saint inquired. “I am the Mother of your Lord,” She replied. Athanasius hesitated to believe Her, afraid of being deceived by the Evil One. Then he asked Her how he could be sure that Her words were true. “Do you see this rock?” she asked, pointing to the side of the path. “Strike it with your staff in the name of the Holy Trinity, and you will know who is speaking to you. Do not appoint a steward at any time, for from this time forward, I shall be the Stewardess of your monastery.” Athanasius did as he was told, and the rock split open. A stream of water began to flow out of the crack. When he turned to face the Mother of God and to ask forgiveness for his doubt, She had disappeared. to the monastery, Saint Athanasius found all the storerooms filled to capacity with food, wine, and oil. The building was completed, and soon the Lavra was filled with monks once again. this day, the Lavra does not have a steward. There is, however, a monk who serves as an assistant steward to the Mother of God. The Economissa Icon rests on a throne in the narthex of the main church, and She remains the Stewardess of the Lavra. Pilgrims venerate the Icon before entering the side chapel with the saint’s tomb. spring of Saint Athanasius still flows with healing water. Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Athanasius of Athos, in holy Baptism named Abraham, was born in the city of Trebezond. He was orphaned at an early age, and being raised by a certain good and pious nun, he imitated his adoptive mother in the habits of monastic life, in fasting and in prayer. Doing his lessons came easily and he soon outpaced his peers in study. the death of his adoptive mother, Abraham was taken to Constantinople, to the court of the Byzantine emperor Romanus the Elder, and was enrolled as a student under the renowned rhetorician Athanasius. In a short while the student attained the mastery of skill of his teacher and he himself became an instructor of youths. Reckoning as the true life that of fasting and vigilance, Abraham led a strict and abstinent life, he slept little and then only sitting upon a stool, and barley bread and water were his nourishment. When his teacher Athanasius through human weakness became jealous of his student, blessed Abraham gave up his teaching position and went away. these days there had arrived at Constantinople Saint Michael Maleinos (July 12), igumen of the Kyminas monastery. Abraham told the igumen about his life, and revealed to him his secret desire to become a monk. The holy Elder, discerning in Abraham a chosen vessel of the Holy Spirit, became fond of him and taught him much in questions of salvation. One time during their spiritual talks Saint Michael was visited by his nephew, Nikēphóros Phocas, a military officer and future emperor. Abraham’s lofty spirit and profound mind impressed Nikēphóros, and all his life he regarded the saint with reverent respect and with love. Abraham was consumed by his zeal for the monastic life. Having forsaken everything, he went to the Kyminas monastery and, falling down at the feet of the holy igumen, he begged to be received into the monastic life. The igumen fulfilled his request with joy and tonsured him with the name Athanasius. long fasts, vigils, bending of the knees, with works night and day Athanasius soon attained such perfection, that the holy igumen blessed him for the exploit of silence in a solitary place not far from the monastery. Later on, having left Kyminas, he made the rounds of many desolate and solitary places, and guided by God, he came to a place called Melanos, at the very extremity of Athos, settling far off from the other monastic dwellings. Here the monk made himself a cell and began to live an ascetical life in works and in prayer, proceeding from exploit to exploit towards higher monastic attainment. enemy of mankind tried to arouse in Saint Athanasius hatred for the place chosen by him, and assaulted him with constant suggestions in thought. The ascetic decided to suffer it out for a year, and then wherever the Lord should direct him, he would go. On the last day of this year’s length of time, when Saint Athanasius set about to prayer, a heavenly light suddenly shone upon him, filling him with an indescribable joy, all the thoughts dissipated, and from his eyes welled up graced tears. From that moment Saint Athanasius received the gift of tenderness , and he became as strongly fond of the place of his solitude as he had formerly loathed it. this time Nikēphóros Phocas, having had enough of military exploits, remembered his vow to become a monk and from his means he besought Saint Athanasius to build a monastery, i.e., to build cells for him and the brethren, and a church where the brethren could commune of the Divine Mysteries of Christ on Sundays. to shun cares and worries, Saint Athanasius at first would not agree to accept the hateful gold, but seeing the fervent desire and good intent of Nikēphóros, and discerning in this the will of God, he set about the building of the monastery. He built a large church in honor of the holy Prophet and Forerunner of Christ, John the Baptist, and another church at the foot of a hill, in the name of the Most Holy Theotokos. Around the church were the cells, and a wondrous monastery arose on the Holy Mountain. In it were a trapeza (dining area), a hospice for the sick and for taking in wanderers, and other necessary structures. flocked to the monastery from everywhere, not only from Greece, but also from other lands, simple people and illustrious dignitaries, desert-dwellers having labored in asceticism for long years in the wilderness, igumens from many monasteries and hierarchs wanting to become simple monks in the Athos Lavra of Saint Athanasius. saint established at the monastery a cenobitic monastic Rule on the model of the old Palestinian monasteries. Divine services were served with all strictness, and no one was so bold as to talk during the services, nor to come late or leave the church without necessity. Heavenly Patroness of Athos, the All-Pure Mother of God Herself, was graciously disposed towards the saint. Many times he was privileged to see Her with his own eyes. God’s dispensation, there once occurred such a hunger, that the monks one after the other quit the Lavra. The saint remained all alone and, in a moment of weakness, he also considered leaving. Suddenly he beheld a Woman beneath an ethereal veil, coming to meet him. “Who are you and where are you going?” She asked quietly. Saint Athanasius from an innate deference halted. “I am a monk from here,” Saint Athanasius replied, and spoke about himself and his worries. “Would you forsake the monastery which was intended for glory from generation unto generation, just for a morsel of dry bread? Where is your faith? around, and I shall help you.” “Who are you?” asked Athanasius. “I am the Mother of the Lord,” She answered, and bid Athanasius to strike his staff upon a stone. From the fissure there gushed forth a spring of water, which exists even now, in remembrance of this miraculous visitation. brethren grew in number, and the construction work at the Lavra continued. Athanasius, foreseeing the time of his departure to the Lord, prophesied about his impending end and besought the brethren not to be troubled over what he foresaw. “For Wisdom disposes otherwise than as people judge.” The brethren were perplexed and pondered the words of the saint. giving the brethren his final guidance and comforting all, Saint Athanasius entered his cell, put on his mantiya and holy kukolion (head covering), which he wore only on great feasts, and emerged after prolonged prayer. and joyful, the holy igumen went up with six of the brethren to the top of the church to inspect the construction. through the imperceptible will of God, the top of the church collapsed. Five of the brethren immediately gave up their souls to God. Saint Athanasius and the architect Daniel, thrown upon the stones, remained alive. heard the saint call out to the Lord, “Glory to Thee, O God! Lord, Jesus Christ, help me!” The brethren with great weeping began to dig out their father from the rubble, but they found him already dead.

Greece, 940-1003, Athanasius of Athos, spring of St Athanasius, Mt Athos, MOG stops Athanasius & promises to lead his monastery
Greece, Mt Athos, 963, Economissa Icon, The spring of St Athanasius, Mt Athos, 5 or 6 Miles, MOG stops Athanasius from leaving and promises to build and lead his monastery; Athanasius of Athos; Icon of the Mother of God "Economissa", Commemorated July 5 ; Economissa (or Stewardess) Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos depicts the Mother of God seated on a throne, with Her Son on her left knee. Saint Athanasius of Mt Athos (July 5) stands on her right, holding a model of the Great Lavra. On her left is Saint Michael of Synnada (May 23). Two angels hold a crown above her head. Mother of God has been considered the Stewardess of the Holy Mountain ever since the tenth century when the Great Lavra was being built. Athanasius of Mt Athos was abandoned by his monks because there was a shortage of food and money. He also left the half-built Lavra, and began walking toward Karyes, intending to ask for advice about whether or not to beg the emperor for the funds needed to complete the building. After about two hours, he saw a beautiful woman standing before him wearing a long blue veil. “I know your sorrow,” She said, “and I would like to help. Where are you going?” Athanasius explained everything that had happened, and She asked, “Have you deserted your monastery for a morsel of bread? Go back! You will have everything you need in abundance, if you do not abandon your monastery.” “Who are you?” the astonished saint inquired. “I am the Mother of your Lord,” She replied. Athanasius hesitated to believe Her, afraid of being deceived by the Evil One. Then he asked Her how he could be sure that Her words were true. “Do you see this rock?” she asked, pointing to the side of the path. “Strike it with your staff in the name of the Holy Trinity, and you will know who is speaking to you. Do not appoint a steward at any time, for from this time forward, I shall be the Stewardess of your monastery.” Athanasius did as he was told, and the rock split open. A stream of water began to flow out of the crack. When he turned to face the Mother of God and to ask forgiveness for his doubt, She had disappeared. to the monastery, Saint Athanasius found all the storerooms filled to capacity with food, wine, and oil. The building was completed, and soon the Lavra was filled with monks once again. this day, the Lavra does not have a steward. There is, however, a monk who serves as an assistant steward to the Mother of God. The Economissa Icon rests on a throne in the narthex of the main church, and She remains the Stewardess of the Lavra. Pilgrims venerate the Icon before entering the side chapel with the saint’s tomb. spring of Saint Athanasius still flows with healing water. Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Athanasius of Athos, in holy Baptism named Abraham, was born in the city of Trebezond. He was orphaned at an early age, and being raised by a certain good and pious nun, he imitated his adoptive mother in the habits of monastic life, in fasting and in prayer. Doing his lessons came easily and he soon outpaced his peers in study. the death of his adoptive mother, Abraham was taken to Constantinople, to the court of the Byzantine emperor Romanus the Elder, and was enrolled as a student under the renowned rhetorician Athanasius. In a short while the student attained the mastery of skill of his teacher and he himself became an instructor of youths. Reckoning as the true life that of fasting and vigilance, Abraham led a strict and abstinent life, he slept little and then only sitting upon a stool, and barley bread and water were his nourishment. When his teacher Athanasius through human weakness became jealous of his student, blessed Abraham gave up his teaching position and went away. these days there had arrived at Constantinople Saint Michael Maleinos (July 12), igumen of the Kyminas monastery. Abraham told the igumen about his life, and revealed to him his secret desire to become a monk. The holy Elder, discerning in Abraham a chosen vessel of the Holy Spirit, became fond of him and taught him much in questions of salvation. One time during their spiritual talks Saint Michael was visited by his nephew, Nikēphóros Phocas, a military officer and future emperor. Abraham’s lofty spirit and profound mind impressed Nikēphóros, and all his life he regarded the saint with reverent respect and with love. Abraham was consumed by his zeal for the monastic life. Having forsaken everything, he went to the Kyminas monastery and, falling down at the feet of the holy igumen, he begged to be received into the monastic life. The igumen fulfilled his request with joy and tonsured him with the name Athanasius. long fasts, vigils, bending of the knees, with works night and day Athanasius soon attained such perfection, that the holy igumen blessed him for the exploit of silence in a solitary place not far from the monastery. Later on, having left Kyminas, he made the rounds of many desolate and solitary places, and guided by God, he came to a place called Melanos, at the very extremity of Athos, settling far off from the other monastic dwellings. Here the monk made himself a cell and began to live an ascetical life in works and in prayer, proceeding from exploit to exploit towards higher monastic attainment. enemy of mankind tried to arouse in Saint Athanasius hatred for the place chosen by him, and assaulted him with constant suggestions in thought. The ascetic decided to suffer it out for a year, and then wherever the Lord should direct him, he would go. On the last day of this year’s length of time, when Saint Athanasius set about to prayer, a heavenly light suddenly shone upon him, filling him with an indescribable joy, all the thoughts dissipated, and from his eyes welled up graced tears. From that moment Saint Athanasius received the gift of tenderness , and he became as strongly fond of the place of his solitude as he had formerly loathed it. this time Nikēphóros Phocas, having had enough of military exploits, remembered his vow to become a monk and from his means he besought Saint Athanasius to build a monastery, i.e., to build cells for him and the brethren, and a church where the brethren could commune of the Divine Mysteries of Christ on Sundays. to shun cares and worries, Saint Athanasius at first would not agree to accept the hateful gold, but seeing the fervent desire and good intent of Nikēphóros, and discerning in this the will of God, he set about the building of the monastery. He built a large church in honor of the holy Prophet and Forerunner of Christ, John the Baptist, and another church at the foot of a hill, in the name of the Most Holy Theotokos. Around the church were the cells, and a wondrous monastery arose on the Holy Mountain. In it were a trapeza (dining area), a hospice for the sick and for taking in wanderers, and other necessary structures. flocked to the monastery from everywhere, not only from Greece, but also from other lands, simple people and illustrious dignitaries, desert-dwellers having labored in asceticism for long years in the wilderness, igumens from many monasteries and hierarchs wanting to become simple monks in the Athos Lavra of Saint Athanasius. saint established at the monastery a cenobitic monastic Rule on the model of the old Palestinian monasteries. Divine services were served with all strictness, and no one was so bold as to talk during the services, nor to come late or leave the church without necessity. Heavenly Patroness of Athos, the All-Pure Mother of God Herself, was graciously disposed towards the saint. Many times he was privileged to see Her with his own eyes. God’s dispensation, there once occurred such a hunger, that the monks one after the other quit the Lavra. The saint remained all alone and, in a moment of weakness, he also considered leaving. Suddenly he beheld a Woman beneath an ethereal veil, coming to meet him. “Who are you and where are you going?” She asked quietly. Saint Athanasius from an innate deference halted. “I am a monk from here,” Saint Athanasius replied, and spoke about himself and his worries. “Would you forsake the monastery which was intended for glory from generation unto generation, just for a morsel of dry bread? Where is your faith? around, and I shall help you.” “Who are you?” asked Athanasius. “I am the Mother of the Lord,” She answered, and bid Athanasius to strike his staff upon a stone. From the fissure there gushed forth a spring of water, which exists even now, in remembrance of this miraculous visitation. brethren grew in number, and the construction work at the Lavra continued. Athanasius, foreseeing the time of his departure to the Lord, prophesied about his impending end and besought the brethren not to be troubled over what he foresaw. “For Wisdom disposes otherwise than as people judge.” The brethren were perplexed and pondered the words of the saint. giving the brethren his final guidance and comforting all, Saint Athanasius entered his cell, put on his mantiya and holy kukolion (head covering), which he wore only on great feasts, and emerged after prolonged prayer. and joyful, the holy igumen went up with six of the brethren to the top of the church to inspect the construction. through the imperceptible will of God, the top of the church collapsed. Five of the brethren immediately gave up their souls to God. Saint Athanasius and the architect Daniel, thrown upon the stones, remained alive. heard the saint call out to the Lord, “Glory to Thee, O God! Lord, Jesus Christ, help me!” The brethren with great weeping began to dig out their father from the rubble, but they found him already dead.

Greece, 963-1003, Athanasius the Athonite, Macedonia, Mt Athos, Saint, Georgian
Greece, Macedonia, Mt. Athos, 940-1003, Saint, Athanasius the Athonite; St. Euthymius the New, Founder of the Iveron Monastery and His Fellow Georgian Saints of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; St. Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13;

Greece, 963-969, Byzantine Emperor, Nikephorus Phokas
Byzantine Emperor, 963-969, Nikephorus Phokas ; Venerable Michael of Maleinus, Commemorated July 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God œQuick to Hear, Commemorated on November 9; Venerable Neophytus the Co-Founder of the Dochiariou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 9; Martyr Luke of Jerusalem, the Georgian, Commemorated on February 12; Venerable Simeon the New Theologian, Commemorated on March 12; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13 ; St Euthymius the New, Founder of the Iveron Monastery and His Fellow Georgian Saints of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13 ; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5;

Greece, 963, Lavra of St Athanasius, First Larva of Mt Athos
Macedonia, 963, Lavra of St Athanasius, First Larva of Mt Athos; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1 ; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14 ; Venerable Gregory the Byzantine, Commemorated on April 6; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13; St Michael the Confessor the Bishop of Synnada, Commemorated on May 23; St (John) Tornike of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 12; Venerable Niphon of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 14; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; 6 Venerable Disciples of St Athanasius On Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Icon of the Mother of God œEconomissa, Commemorated on July 5; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5 ;

Greece, 975-1024, Iberian Saint, Euthymius the Athonite, The Illuminator, Georgian
Macedonia, 975-1024, Iberian Saint, Euthymius the Athonite, The Illuminator ; Son of Georgia, Iberian Saint, 955-1002, John the Iberian, John of Georgia; St John of Georgia, Commemorated on November 4;

Greece, 980-983, Iveron Monestary, Mt Athos, (Georgia, Caucasian Iberia )
Caucasian Iberia; Caucasian Iberia (Iveron Monestary, Mt Athos, Macedonia); Martyr Romulus and with him many others, Commemorated September 6 ; New Martyr George of Iberia, Commemorated on January 2 ; New Martyr Theologia, Commemorated on January 2; GREGORY THE ILLUMINATOR, APOSTLE TO ARMENIA (23 March 332); Martyred Fathers and Mothers of Atchara, Commemorated on May 29; St George the God-Bearer, Commemorated on July 3;

Greece, 980-1002, Saint, John the Iberian, John of Georgia
Georgia, Iberian Saint, 980-1002, John the Iberian, John of Georgia; Venerable George of Mt. Athos, the Builder, Commemorated on July 28; St John of Georgia, Commemorated on November 4;

Greece, 982&717-41, Axion Estin Icon, Archangel Gabriel writes hymn oTile, after bloody icon floats fConstantinople
Greece, Mt Athos, 717-741 &982, Axion Estin Icon, Archangel Gabriel writes hymn on tile 982, after bloody icon floats fConstantinople tMt Athos, after soldier slashed it 717-41, tile tC, expanded hymn Axion Estin in Divine Liturgy; Protaton Church Synaxis of the “Axion Estin” Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on June 11; to Tradition, during the iconoclast persecution of Leo III the Isaurian (717-741), Icon of the Theotokos was slashed by the sword of one of the Emperor’s soldiers. Blood flowed from the Icon into the sea. Shaken by this sign, the repentant sinner fled to Mount Athos. day he saw the Icon, which had floated from Constantinople, lying on the shore, it was still bleeding and dyeing the water red. ran toward it and, with fear and trembling, he carried it to the Protaton church. the Icon stopped bleeding, indicating that the Panagia had forgiven him for desecrating her holy Icon. (Greek: Παναγία, fem. of panágios, pan- + hágios, the All-Holy, or the Most Holy; pronounced Greek pronunciation: (also transliterated Panaghia or Panajia), in Medieval and Modern Greek, is one of the titles of Mary, mother of Jesus, used especially in Eastern Catholicism and Orthodox Christianity. Most Greek churches dedicated to the Virgin Mary are called Panagia; the standard western Christian designation of "St. Mary" is rarely used in the Orthodox East, as Mary is considered the holiest of all created beings and therefore of higher status than the Saints.) years later, a certain Elder and his disciple were living in a cave near Karyes. a Saturday night in 982, the Elder went to attend the All-Night Vigil at Karyes, leaving his disciple behind to read the service in their cell. it was dark, an unknown monk came to the cell. He said that his name was Gabriel, and the disciple invited him to come in. it was time for the Vigil, the two monks began to pray before the Icon of the Mother of God. they finished the eighth Ode of the Canon, the disciple began to chant: “My soul magnifies the Lord...” and then he sang the Irmos of Saint Cosmas the Hymnographer (Oct. 14): “More honorable than the Cherubim...” visitor then chanted the next verse: “For He hath regarded the lowliness of His handmaiden; for behold, henceforth all generations shall call me blessed.” instead of singing “More honorable...” the visitor prefaced it with: “It is truly meet to bless thee, O Theotokos, ever blessed and most pure, and the Mother of our God.” he continued with “More honorable.” the singing of this hymn, the Icon was illumined with a heavenly light, the disciple was moved to tears He asked his guest to write down the new words, but there was no paper. stranger took a roofing tile and wrote the entire hymn upon it with his finger, as though it were made of wax. disciple then realized that this was no ordinary monk, but the Archangel Gabriel. The heavenly visitor told him, “Sing the hymn this way, and all of the Orthodox as well.” Then, he disappeared. light continued to shine forth from the Icon for a long time. Eleousa (Merciful) Icon of the Mother of God, before which the hymn “It Is Truly Meet” was first sung, was transferred to the katholikon at Karyes. tile, with the hymn written on it by the Archangel Gabriel, was taken to Constantinople when Saint Nicholas Chrysoberges (December 16) was Patriarch. copies of the “It Is Truly Meet” Icon are revered in Russian churches. At the Galerna Harbor of St. Petersburg a church with five cupolas was built in honor of the “Merciful” Mother of God, and into it they placed a grace-bearing copy of the “Axion Estin” Icon sent from Mount Athos. inscription on the scroll held by Christ reads: “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me.” Axion Estin Icon kept at the High Place in the sanctuary of the Holy Dormition katholikon at Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos. on the Igoumen's stone chair, the Icon is an object of great veneration. church is known as Protaton because it was the first church to be built on the Holy Mountain in 843 by Saint Athanasios the Athonite (July 5) iconography of the church was done in the XIII century by the renowned iconographer Emmanuel Panselinos. Icon takes its name from the hymn we sing after the epiklesis during the Divine Liturgy. cell where the miracle took place is known today by the name “Axion Estin.” miracle occurred on June 11, 982 on a Sunday. miraculous tile on which was the hymn was transcribed was transferred to the Patriarchate of Constantinople and was displayed for veneration by the faithful in the imperial palace Church of Saint Stephen. that time on, the expanded hymn Axion Estin became part of the Divine Liturgy and other services of the Church. Icon is especially honored with festivities and a procession on Bright Monday, and many miracles take place on that day. Icon itself is a bit faded, but is now covered by a silver riza. has been restored recently and is in good condition. is an inscription: “Μήτηρ Θεού Καρυώτισσα” or “Mother of God Karyotissa (of Karyes).” it came from Constantinople, and belongs to the Panagia Eleousa type, which was first painted by the Holy Apostle and Evangelist Luke. the one thousand year anniversary of Mount Athos in 1963, the Axion Estin Icon left the Holy Mountain for the first time to be venerated in Athens by thousands of faithful. 1985 it was brought to Thessaloniki aboard a military ship and received there with the same honors as a Head of State.

Greece, 990, Prochorus the Abbot, Vranski Desert, Bransk wilderness, founded a monastery, great ascetic, relics miracles
Bulgaria, 990, Prochorus the Abbot, Vranski Desert, Bransk wilderness (Pshina River 1), founded a monastery, great ascetic, relics miracles; Vranski Desert, Bransk wilderness (Pshina River 1) St. Prochorus the Abbot in the Vranski Desert on the River Pshina in Bulgaria, Commemorated on January 15; Prochorus of Pshina pursued asceticism in the Bransk wilderness at the River Pshina, and he founded a monastery there. is renowned as one of the great ascetics of monastic life. He died at the end of the tenth century. Miracles occurred from the saint’s relics. According to the Serbian Chronicles, the pious King Milutin (1276-1320) built a church in honor of Saint Prochorus.

Greece, 995, Ekoumenios, Wonderworker oTrikala Fortress, Thessaly, well educated, writer, bishop, water fStone tProve Truth
Greece, 995, Ekoumenios, Wonderworker of Trikala, Thessaly (Pineios River 2), educated, writer, bishop, fCappadocia, Achilles' nephew, 395, 325 ECouncil, made water gush forth from stone to prove true faith, Trikala Fortress shrine fE; Trikkala; Saint Ekouménios, Wonderworker of Trikala, Commemorated on May 3; is much disagreement about Saint Ekouménios (Οικουμένιος), concerning his identity and exactly when he lived. to prevailing opinion, Saint Ekouménios lived in the late X century (ca. 995). studied all the Fathers of the Church and became an excellent interpreter of Holy Scripture. the same time, he wrote Commentaries on the Acts of the Apostles, the fourteen Epistles of Saint Paul, as well as his seven catholic Epistles. contemporaries esteemed him for his blameless character and his excellent education. he was chosen for the episcopal throne of Trikala (in Thessaly), where he proved himself as a faithful Archpastor and disciple of the Lord Christ. reposed in peace. according to another strong and persistent local tradition, Saint Ekoumenios lived in the IV century, as the learned Metropolitan Anthony of Larίsa mentions in the Encomium he wrote for Saint Ekoumenios in the XIV century. to this Encomium, Saint Ekouménios was from Cappadocia, and was the nephew of Saint Achilles of Larίsa (May 15) and the cousin of Saint Rēgίnos, Bishop of Skopelos (February 25). He followed his Spiritual Father and teacher Achilles to Larίsa, and finally he was elected Bishop of Trίkkē, thus fulfilling his uncle's great desire to see him enthroned as a Hierarch. of them participated in the First Ecumenical Synod (in 325), where they performed a miracle to prove which was the true Faith (they made water gush forth from a stone). Ekoumenios reposed full of days, and was shown to be a wonderworker. honored relics of Saint Ekouménios were kept in a shrine in the church of the Archangel Michael, which was located in the fortress (Trikala). the village of Haϊdeménē, Trίkkē there is a church dedicated to Saint Ekouménios opposite Refuge hill, where according to Tradition Saint Ekouménios withdrew for solitude.

Greece, 1000, 11th Century Folder, George of Athos, Stylite Clement of Boethia

Greece, 1001-1065, George of Mt Athos, sent to Iveron to finish Ekvtime's work translating into Georgian, received Bagrat 1V's wealth
Georgia, 101-1065, George of Mt Athos, w Sabiana 7-10, 10-25 Khakhuli and Constantinople w philosophers and rhetoricians, back to Khakhuli, then to Jerusalem, black mts n Antioch, found spiritual father guide George the Recluse for 3 yrs, great schema, sent him to Iveron to continue translation into Georgian, failed to continue Ekvtime's work, rebuked by Tevdore, became abbot of I, resigned to translate, returned to Recluse, to I, finally to King Bagrat 1V and Georgia, returned to I after 5 yrs with Bagrat's wealth and 80 orphans, stopped in C and died, E took care of orphans; Georgia, 960-1000, Sabiana, Abbess of Sapara (Samtskhe) Monastery, the tree is known by its fruit, nuns of the Georgian Monasteries, Thekla, her b George the Lesser; Sapara (Samtskhe) Monastery; Venerable George of Mount Athos, Commemorated on June 27; George’s family had its roots in the region of Samtskhe in southern Georgia. George was born in Trialeti to the pious Jacob and Mariam. George reached the age of seven, the God-fearing and wise Abbess Sabiana of Tadzrisi Monastery in Samtskhe took him under her care. George spent three years at Tadzrisi, and when he was ten his father sent him to Khakhuli Monastery, to his own brothers Saints George the Scribe and Saba. after, Prince Peris Jojikisdze of Trialeti invited George’s uncle, George the Scribe, to stay with him, and George’s uncle took his young nephew with him. the Byzantine emperor Basil II subsequently summoned Peris and his family to Constantinople, accused him of conspiring against the throne, and had him beheaded. (At that time Trialeti was under the jurisdiction of Byzantium.) Peris’ faithful wife remained in Constantinople for twelve years and sent the young George to study with the finest philosophers and rhetoricians of that time. Emperor Basil was moved with compassion for the prince’s family and permitted them to return to Georgia. The twenty-five-year-old George returned to Khakhuli Monastery and “bowed his neck to the sweet yoke of monastic life.” George secretly left the monastery and, clad in beggars’ rags, journeyed to Jerusalem. After enduring many deprivations and overcoming a great number of obstacles, he reached the Black Mountains near Antioch and, after venerating the holy places and visiting several elders, began to search for a spiritual father and guide. He found the great Georgian elder Saint George the Recluse (the God-bearer) in an isolated cave and remained there with him for three years. Saint George the Recluse tonsured his disciple, “who had reached perfection of age, wisdom and understanding,” into the great schema and sent him to Jerusalem on a pilgrimage. to his teacher’s counsel, George then moved from Jerusalem to the Ivḗron Monastery on Mt. Athos to continue the work of Saint Ekvtime—the translation of theological texts from the Greek to the Georgian language. considered himself unworthy and unqualified to continue Saint Ekvtime’s great work, but Saint George the Recluse was insistent, so he set off for the Holy Mountain in humble obedience. monks of the Ivḗron Monastery received Saint George with great joy. But instead of translating the patristic texts as his spiritual father had advised him, George soon grew slothful and for seven years performed only the work of a novice. When Saint George the Recluse heard this, he sent his disciple Tevdore to Mt. Athos to rebuke him and remind him of the reason he had been sent there. Finally George of the Holy Mountain obeyed the will of his teacher, and soon he was enthroned as abbot of the monastery. that time on Saint George of the Holy Mountain pursued his work with great earnestness. He gathered information on Saints Ekvtime and John, compiled their Lives, translated their holy relics to ornate burial vaults covered in precious jewels, and enhanced the life of the monastery in many other ways. a visit to the Byzantine emperor Constantine Monomachus, the Georgian king Bagrat IV Kuropalates offered George the opportunity to return to Georgia to be consecrated bishop of Chqondidi and serve as his own spiritual adviser. But George declined, having already been drawn far from the vanity of the world. of the monastery was demanding, and George was forced to choose between his literary work and the life of the monastery. resigned as abbot and returned to Saint George the Recluse for counsel. But his teacher blessed him to return to the Ivḗron Monastery, so George set off again for Mt. Athos. God-fearing king Bagrat IV Kuropalates continued to ask Saint George to return to Georgia, and he finally consented to the will of the king and the catholicos. accordance with their request, the pious father instituted general guidelines for the qualifications and conduct of the clergy and wisely administered the affairs of the Church. Five years later Saint George returned to the Ivḗron Monastery. Before he departed, King Bagrat bestowed upon him much of his own wealth and saw him off with great respect. for Mt. Athos, Blessed George took with him eighty orphans. En route he stopped in Constantinople, and sensing that the day of his repose was near, he arranged for the orphans to be received in the emperor’s court. He personally requested that the emperor make provision for the orphaned children. George of the Holy Mountain reposed peacefully the next day, the Feast of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul. His Athonite brothers buried him on the monastery grounds with great reverence. Venerable Sabiana, Abbess of the Samtskhe Monastery, Commemorated on December 31; George reached the age of seven, the God-fearing and wise Abbess Sabiana of Tadzrisi Monastery in Samtskhe took him under her care. George spent three years at Tadzrisi, and when he was ten his father sent him to Khakhuli Monastery, to his own brothers Saints George the Scribe and Saba. nuns of Georgian monasteries have historically been outstanding in their diligence. God entrusted them with the special duties of ceaseless prayer, fasting, needlework, and the raising of orphans. Nuns have been regarded as vessels of sanctity and wisdom, and even royalty would kneel before them. Georgian noblemen would send their children to nuns to be brought up in the Christian Faith. According to the great church figure George the Lesser, when the parents of Saint George of the Holy Mountain decided to have their first-born daughter, Thekla, raised by nuns, they sent her to the “worthy and holy” Sabiana, who at that time was abbess of the Samtskhe Tadzrisi Monastery in southern Georgia. Sabiana welcomed Thekla and raised her as though she were her own natural daughter. long Thekla’s brother, the seven-year-old George, was also brought to the monastery, and Saint Sabiana spent three years educating and instructing him in the spiritual life. information on the life and labors of Saint Sabiana has sadly not been preserved. But as the Holy Gospel according to Saint Matthew attests, the tree is known by his fruit (Matt. 12:33). The high level of monastic life during Saint Sabiana’s abbacy and the pious lives of her spiritual children attest to the great spiritual heights she attained.

Greece, 1020, Foreteller Icon, Konstamonitou, tears begging supplies before icon, dream foretold oil&full pantry
Greece, Mt Athos, 1020, Foreteller Icon, Konstamonitou Monastery, Mt Athos, Macedonia, Feast Day approaching, supplies depleted, so much can't light church, fell asleep begging for church in front oIcon, heard voice in dream, oil vessels and pantry filled, virgil&MOG praise, icon now Foreteller; Konstamonitou Monastery; Foreteller Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on August 1 ; "Foreteller"1 Icon of the Mother of God is located in the katholikon (cathedral church) of Konstamonitou Monastery on Mount Athos, it became famous in the following way. August 1, 1020, the eve of the monastery’s Feast Day (The Transfer of the Relics of the Protomartyr Stephen from Jerusalem to Constantinople), Ecclesiarch Father Agathon, (Zacharias in the Schema) was overcome with great sorrow. Monastery’s Altar Feast was approaching, and its supplies were so depleted that there was not enough oil to light the church lamps for the solemn celebration. night, Father Agathon prayed before the Icon of the Mother of God with fervent tears. earnestly did he beg her to help the monastery that he became exhausted. down before the Icon, he fell asleep at once. a dream he heard a voice coming from the holy Icon telling him not to grieve, because the church vessels were now filled with oil, and the pantries contained everything that was necessary for the monastery's continued existence. Father Agathon awoke, he wondered if what he had been told in his dream was true. to the vessel where the oil was stored, he was overjoyed when he saw that it was filled to the brim. once, he reported his vision to Igoumen Hilarion, the Superior of Konstamonitou Monastery, and to all the brethren. went to inspect the pantries and discovered that all the necessary supplies were there in abundance. rejoiced because now, unexpectedly, they could light the church lamps for the service. by Igoumen Hilarion, they served the Vigil and sang praises to the Queen of Heaven for the miracle she had performed. this event, the wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God, before which Father Agathon had prayed, was known as the "Foreteller." she is placed in the Monastery's katholikon, on the wall, on the right hand side. Ever since this miracle took place, an "unsleeping" oil lamp remains lit before the Icon. his most informative book Bogomater (an account of the earthly life of the Mother of God, and of her wonderworking Icons), Poselyanin (+ February 13, 1931) states that there are two other Icons of the Theotokos on the Holy Mountain which are also called "Foreteller" - the "Paramythia," or "Consolation" Icon of Vatopaidi Monastery (January 21), and the Zographou Icon "Of the Akathist" (October 10).

Greece, 1061-1111, Clement the Stylite, Sagmata Monastery on Mt Sagmata, narrow pillar, Many yrs, levitation
Greece, 1061-1111, Clement the Stylite, Sagmata Monastery on Mt Sagmata, works of light, solitary, silence, from Athens, Myoupolis Monastery, Narrow Pillar, many years, levitation, Mt Segmata Monastery; Sagmata Monastery on Mt Sagmata; Saint Clement the Stylite who lived as an ascetic on Mount Ságmata in Boeotia, Commemorated on January 27; holy ascetic is not mentioned in the Synaxaristes nor in the Menaion. His Church Service, however, is found in the Laurentian Codex E 152 f. 332 a and Γ 12f. 82 β. his Service he is praised as one who "appeared as a most ascetical spirit-bearer, ascending a tall pillar, as a steadfast pillar of the hermits, and the support of monastics who perform works of light."1 his Kontakion it is stated that he contested alone "most willingly on the mountain of Ságmata on a narrow pillar [and] you adorned the choir of the ascetics, O Most Righteous Clement." Clement lived during the XII century and performed many miracles. Saint Clement the Stylite of Mt Sagmata (+1111); pictures, levitation and approximate age

Greece, 1079, Niketas oThebes, Boeotia, Greece, charism oWorking Miracles, gift of hospitality, rest by spiritual guidance
Greece, 1079, Niketas oThebes of Boeotia, Greece, northeast of Corinth, Monk at 16, charismatic character, purity, charism oWorking Miracles, tPatras&Daniel, gift of hospitality, rest by spiritual guidance, clairvoyance, full oDays; Thebes, A Greek City State in Boetia ; Boetian Plain; Thebes of Boeotia; Nikḗtas of Thebes and those with him, Commemorated on June 23; Nikḗtas of Thebes was a resident of the seven-gated (Επτάπυλη) city of Thebes in Boetia. the age of sixteen, he was tonsured as a monk, other ascetics were drawn to him by reports of his spiritual character and moral purity. these were the monks Daniel, Theodore, and Gregory. Venerable Nikḗtas was deemed worthy of the charism of working miracles. He reposed in the Lord, full of days, in the year 1079. the Life of Saint Nikḗtas it is said that he once traveled to Patras, where he met Saint Daniel, a great ascetic and a man of prayer. had received from God the gift of hospitality, like that of Abraham; that is, to receive people, offering them rest by giving them spiritual guidance.

Greece, 1200, 13th Century Folder, 1198, Serb Bulgar Hilandar Monastery, Zographou Crusaders Martyrs

Greece, 1198, Founding of Hilandar monastery, Mt Athos (Serbian and Bulgarian)
Hilandar monastery; Icon of the Mother of God "of the Three Hands" on Mt Athos; Icon of the Mother of God the "Milk-Giver" of the Hilandar Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated July 3 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the Three Handson Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Damascus, Commemorated on December 4 ; St Daniel II the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated December 20 ; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Akathist, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God the œMilkgiverÂ, Commemorated on January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God, the "Priestly", Commemorated January 12 ; Hieromartyr Damascene of Hilandar of Mt Athos, Commemorated January 16 ; Venerable Stephen (In Monasticism Simeon), the Myrrhgusher and Prince of Serbia, Commemorated on February 13 ; Venerable Damian of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated February 23 ; Translation of the relics of St Nicephorus the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on March 13 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the AkathistÂ, Commemorated on March 27; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; Prophet Isaiah, Commemorated on May 9 ; St Nicodemus the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated on May 11 ; Venerable Paisius of Hilandar, Bulgaria, Commemorated on June 19; Icon of the Mother of God of œthe Three HandsÂ, Commemorated on June 28; Icon of the Mother of God the œMilk-GiverÂ of the Hilandar Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 3;

Greece, 1198-1261, Icon of Three Hands on Mt Athos, Hilandar monastery, donkey from Serbia story, icon igumen
Jerusalem, 717, Icon of the Mother of God Of the Three Hands, John of Damascus, Sabbas, Lavra of St Sava, Judea, near Jerusalem, iconodule writer, slandered by Leo III to caliph, hand cut off, MOG back on, to Sabbas, to Serbia, donkey to Hilandar, Icon became Igumen ; Hilandar monastery; Icon of the Mother of God œof the Three Hands on Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God Of the Three Hands: The wonderworking icon, which Saint John of Damascus (December 4) received healing of his amputated hand, given by him to the Lavra of Saint Savva the Sanctified. the thirteenth century the icon was in Serbia, afterwards it was miraculously transported to Athos to the Hilandar monastery. more detailed account about the icon is located under June 28. Greek usage, this Icon is commemorated on June 28, where a more detailed account is to be found. Icon of the Mother of God Of the Three Hands, Commemorated on June 28; Icon of the Mother of God, Of the Three Hands: the eighth century during the time of the Iconoclasts, Saint John of Damascus (December 4) was zealous in his veneration of holy icons. of this, he was slandered by the emperor and iconoclast Leo III the Isaurian (717-740), who informed the Damascus caliph that Saint John was committing treasonous acts against him. caliph gave orders to cut off the hand of the monk and take it to the marketplace. evening Saint John, having asked the caliph for the cut-off hand, put it to its joint and fell to the ground before the icon of the Mother of God. monk begged Our Lady to heal the hand, which had written in defense of Orthodoxy. long prayer he fell asleep and saw in a dream that the All-Pure Mother of God had turned to him promising him quick healing. this the Mother of God bid him toil without fail with this hand. awakened from sleep, Saint John saw that his hand was unharmed. thankfulness for this healing Saint John placed on the icon a hand fashioned of silver, from which the icon received its name Of Three Hands. iconographers, in their ignorance, have mistakenly depicted the Most Holy Theotokos with three arms and three hands.) to Tradition, Saint John wrote a hymn of thanksgiving to the Mother of God: “All of creation rejoices in You, O Full of Grace,” which appears in place of the hymn “It is Truly Meet” in the Liturgy of Saint Basil the Great. John Damascene accepted monasticism at the monastery of Saint Savva the Sanctified and there bestowed his wonderworking icon. Lavra presented the icon Of Three Hands in blessing to Saint Savva, Archbishop of Serbia (+ 1237, January 12). the time of an invasion of Serbia by the Turks, some Christians who wanted to protect the icon, entrusted it to the safekeeping of the Mother of God Herself. placed it upon a donkey, which without a driver proceeded to Athos and stopped in front of the Hilandar monastery. monks put the icon in the monastery’s cathedral church (katholikon). a time of discord over the choice of igumen, the Mother of God deigned to head the monastery Herself, and from that time Her holy icon has occupied the igumen’s place in the temple. the Hilandar monastery there is chosen only a vicar, and from the holy icon the monks take a blessing for every obedience. Greek usage, this Icon is commemorated on June 28; but on July 12 in Slavic usage.

Greece, 1204, Sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade
Constantinople, 1204, Sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade Byzantine Emperor, 1205-1215, Michael I Komnenos Doukas; Greatmartyr Marina (Margaret) of Antioch in Pisidia, Commemorated on July 17; Translation of the relics of St Hilarion the Bishop of Meglin in Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 21;

Greece, 1204-1261, Holy Roman Crusaders rule Constantinople
Constantinople, 1204-1261, Holy Roman Crusaders rule Constantinople; Constantinople, 1204, Sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade Byzantine Emperor, 1205-1215, Michael I Komnenos Doukas; Greatmartyr Marina (Margaret) of Antioch in Pisidia, Commemorated on July 17; Translation of the Image œNot-Made-By-HandsÂ of our Lord Jesus Christ from Edessa to Constantinople, the Third œFeast of the Savior in AugustÂ, Commemorated on August 16 Translation of the relics of St Hilarion the Bishop of Meglin in Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 21;

Greece, 1204-1261, Latin Empire, Crusader State
Constantinople, 1204-1261, Latin Empire, Crusader State; The Latin Empire, also referred to as the Latin Empire of Constantinople, was a feudal Crusader state founded by the leaders of the Fourth Crusade on lands captured from the Byzantine Empire. The Latin Empire was intended to replace the Byzantine Empire as the Western-recognized Roman Empire in the east, with a Catholic emperor enthroned in place of the Eastern Orthodox Roman emperors. The Fourth Crusade had originally been called to retake the Muslim-controlled city of Jerusalem but a sequence of economic and political events culminated in the Crusader army sacking the city of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. Originally, the plan had been to restore the deposed Byzantine Emperor Isaac II Angelos, who had been usurped by Alexios III Angelos, to the throne. The crusaders had been promised financial and military aid by Isaac's son Alexios, with which they had planned to continue to Jerusalem. When the crusaders reached Constantinople the situation quickly turned volatile and while Isaac and Alexios briefly ruled, the crusaders did not receive the payment they had hoped for. In April 1204, they captured and plundered the city's enormous wealth. The crusaders selected their own emperor from among their own ranks, Baldwin of Flanders, and divided the territory of the Byzantine Empire into various new vassal crusader states. The Latin Empire's authority was immediately challenged by Byzantine rump states led by the Laskaris family (connected to the Angelos dynasty of 1185-“1204) in Nicaea and the Komnenos family (which had ruled as Byzantine Emperors 1081-“1185) in Trebizond. From 1224 to 1242 the Komnenos Doukas family, also connected to the Angeloi, challenged Latin authority from Thessalonica. The Latin Empire failed to attain political or economic dominance over the other Latin powers that had been established in former Byzantine territories in the wake of the Fourth Crusade, especially Venice, and after a short initial period of military successes it went into a steady decline due to constant war with Bulgaria to the north and the various Byzantine claimants. Eventually, the Nicaean Empire recovered Constantinople and restored the Byzantine Empire under Michael VIII Palaiologos in 1261. The last Latin emperor, Baldwin II, went into exile, but the imperial title survived, with several pretenders to it, until the 14th century. Like the term "Byzantine Empire", "Latin Empire" was not a contemporary term used by the empire itself or the rest of the world. The Byzantines referred to the Latin Empire as the Frankokratia and the Latin Emperors themselves referred to the empire by various names, commonly imperium Constantinopolitanum (lit. Empire of Constantinople), but also imperium Romaniae (lit. Empire of Romania) and imperium Romanorum (lit. Empire of the Romans). The term Romania ("Land of the Romans") had been used unofficially by the population of the Byzantine Empire for their country for centuries.

Greece, 1204-1261, Nicean Empire, Bithynia, temporary Roman Empire after Crusaders took Constatninople
Empire, temporary Roman Empire after Crusaders took Constatninople Empire of Nicaea or the Nicene Empire[1] is the conventional historiographic name for the largest of the three Byzantine Greek[2][3] rump states founded by the aristocracy of the Byzantine Empire that fled after Constantinople was occupied by Western European and Venetian forces during the Fourth Crusade. the Empire of Trebizond and the Empire of Thessalonica, it claimed to be the continuation of the Roman Empire. by the Laskaris family,[3] it lasted from 1204 to 1261, when the Nicaeans restored the Byzantine Empire in Constantinople. Nicea (Nicaea);

Greece, 1205-1215, Emperor, Michael I Komnenos Doukas, rebelled, fled to Turks, Diverted 4th Crusade to C to regain power
Byzantine Emperor, 1205-1215, Michael I Komnenos Doukas; I Komnenos Doukas, Latinized as Comnenus Ducas (Greek: ÎœÎ¹Ï‡Î±Î®Î» ÎšÎ¿Î¼Î½Î·Î½ÏŒÏ‚ Î”Î¿ÏÎºÎ±Ï‚, romanized: MikhaÄ“l KomnÄ“nos Doukas), and in modern sources often recorded as Michael I Angelos, a name he never used,[1] was the founder and first ruler of the Despotate of Epirus from c. 1205 until his assassination in 1214/15. c. 1170, Michael was a descendant of Alexios I Komnenos and a cousin of emperors Isaac II Angelos and Alexios III Angelos. He began his public career in 1190, as a hostage to the Third Crusade, and went on to serve as governor of the province of Mylasa and Melanoudion in the 1190s and again in c. 1200/01. the latter tenure he rebelled against Alexios III but was defeated and forced to flee to the Seljuk Turks. the aftermath of the sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204, he attached himself to Boniface of Montferrat. Soon, however, he abandoned the Crusader leader and went to Epirus, where he established himself as ruler, apparently through marriage with the daughter or widow of a local magnate. domain in Epirus became a refuge and centre of resistance of the Greeks against the Latin Crusaders. At about the same time, according to some modern scholars, he may have led the abortive Greek resistance to the Crusaders in the Peloponnese, which was crushed at the Battle of the Olive Grove of Kountouras; according to other views, he may have led a campaign there between 1207 and 1209. order to avoid invasion and buy time to consolidate his position in Epirus, Michael soon entered into negotiations with Pope Innocent III, and concluded treaties with the Latin Empire and the Republic of Venice. the meantime, his rule received a boost in legitimacy when he ransomed the deposed Alexios III from captivity. According to later chroniclers, Alexios III conferred the hereditary rule of Epirus to Michael and his descendants. 1210, Michael was secure enough to launch an attack against the Latin Kingdom of Thessalonica, in conjunction with the Bulgarians. Repelled by the intervention of the Latin Emperor Henry of Flanders, Michael quickly switched sides and joined the Latins to prevent the city from falling into Bulgarian hands. In 1212, he conquered most of Thessaly from the Lombard lords of Thessalonica. At about the same time, his troops briefly took over the Lordship of Salona. He then went on to recover Dyrrhachium and the island of Corfu from the Venetians in 1213–1214, but was thwarted in his attempt to push further north into Zeta. He was assassinated soon after in his sleep, and was succeeded by his half-brother Theodore Komnenos Doukas. Translation of the relics of St Hilarion the Bishop of Meglin in Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 21; St Philothea of Thrace, the Protectress of Romania, Commemorated on December 7; Icon of the Mother of God the œMilkgiverÂ, Commemorated on January 12; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated on January 12; Venerable Agapius of Vatopedi, Commemorated on March 1;

Greece, 1205-1479, Despotate of Epirus, against Latin Empire of Constantinople
Greece, 1205-1479, Despotate of Epirus, against Latin Empire of Constantinople; Saint Philothea of Thrace, Protectress of Romania, Commemorated on December 7

Greece, 1205, Zurvia (Survias) Monastery, aka Makrinitissa Monastery, 1205
Zurvia (Survias), Makrinitissa Monastery, 1205; Saint Gerasimus, Commemorated on September 15;

Greece, 1224-1246, Empire of Thessalonica, ruled by Komnenos Doukas d of Epiris, v Crusader Latin Empire of C
Greece, 1224-1246, Empire of Thessalonica; of Thessalonica (Greek: ) is a historiographic term used by some modern scholars[1] to refer to the short-lived Byzantine Greek state centred on the city of Thessalonica between 1224 and 1246 (sensu stricto until 1242) and ruled by the Komnenodoukas dynasty of Epirus. At the time of its establishment, the Empire of Thessalonica, under the capable Theodore Komnenos Doukas, rivaled the Empire of Nicaea and the Second Bulgarian Empire as the strongest state in the region, and aspired to capturing Constantinople, putting an end to the Latin Empire, and restoring the Byzantine Empire that had been extinguished in 1204. ascendancy was brief, ending with the disastrous Battle of Klokotnitsa against Bulgaria in 1230, where Theodore Komnenos Doukas was captured. Reduced to a Bulgarian vassal, Theodore's brother and successor Manuel Komnenos Doukas was unable to prevent the loss of most of his brother's conquests in Macedonia and Thrace, while the original nucleus of the state, Epirus, broke free under Michael II Komnenos Doukas. Theodore recovered Thessalonica in 1237, installing his son John Komnenos Doukas, and after him Demetrios Angelos Doukas, as rulers of the city, while Manuel, with Nicaean support, seized Thessaly. The rulers of Thessalonica bore the imperial title from 1225/7 until 1242, when they were forced to renounce it and recognize the suzerainty of the rival Empire of Nicaea. The Komnenodoukai continued to rule as Despots of Thessalonica for four more years after that, but in 1246 the city was annexed by Nicaea. Greece, 1224-1230, Empire of Thessalonica, Theodore Komnenos Doukas ; Saint Philothea of Thrace, Protectress of Romania, Commemorated on December 7

Greece, 1224-1230, Theodore Komnenos Doukas, Empire of Thessalonica, Serbia, Epirus, Macdnia, Thrace, v Latin E
Greece, 1224-1230, Empire of Thessalonica, Theodore Komnenos Doukas ; Theodore Komnenos Doukas (died c. 1253) was ruler of Epirus and Thessaly from 1215 to 1230 and of Thessalonica and most of Macedonia and western Thrace from 1224 to 1230. He was also the power behind the rule of his sons John and Demetrios over Thessalonica in 1237-“1246. Theodore was the scion of a distinguished Byzantine aristocratic family related to the imperial Komnenos, Doukas, and Angelos dynasties. Nevertheless, nothing is known about Theodore's life before the conquest of Constantinople and dissolution of the Byzantine Empire by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. Following the fall of Constantinople, he served Theodore I Laskaris, founder of the Empire of Nicaea, for a few years before being called to Epirus, where his bastard half-brother Michael I Komnenos Doukas had founded an independent principality. When Michael died in 1215, Theodore sidelined his brother's underage and illegitimate son Michael II and assumed the governance of the Epirote state. Theodore continued his brother's policy of territorial expansion. Allied with Serbia, he expanded into Macedonia, threatening the Latin Kingdom of Thessalonica. The capture of the Latin Emperor Peter II of Courtenay in 1217 opened the way to the gradual envelopment of Thessalonica, culminating in the city's fall in 1224. As ruler of Thessalonica, Theodore quickly declared himself emperor, challenging the Nicaean emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes's claims to the Byzantine imperial throne. In 1225, he advanced to the outskirts of Constantinople, but his final attack against the seat of the much-reduced Latin Empire was delayed until 1230. In that year, Theodore amassed an army to besiege Constantinople, but then diverted it against Bulgaria, an ambivalent ally which threatened his northern flank. Theodore was defeated and captured at the Battle of Klokotnitsa, and spent the next seven years in captivity. In the meantime, he was succeeded by his brother Manuel. Manuel quickly lost Thrace, most of Macedonia, and Albania to the Bulgarian Emperor John Asen II. Thessalonica itself became a Bulgarian vassal, while in Epirus proper power was seized by Michael II, returning from exile. Theodore was released in 1237 when his daughter Irene married John Asen II, and quickly managed to regain control of Thessalonica, ousting Manuel. Having been blinded during his captivity and thus disqualified from occupying the throne again, he installed his eldest son John as emperor, but remained the de facto regent of the state. Manuel tried to regain Thessalonica with Nicaean support, but a negotiated settlement was reached which gave him Thessaly and left Thessalonica and its environs to Theodore and John. In 1241, John III Vatatzes invited Theodore to visit Nicaea. He was welcomed and treated with great honour, but was effectively detained there until the spring of next year, when Vatatzes marched on Thessalonica with Theodore in tow. Theodore was sent in to negotiate with his son and convince him to accept demotion to the rank of Despot and to recognize the suzerainty of Nicaea. John died in 1244 and was succeeded by Theodore's younger son Demetrios. In 1246, Vatatzes overthrew the unpopular Demetrios and annexed Thessalonica. Theodore influenced his nephew Michael II to launch an attack on Thessalonica in 1251, but in 1252, Vatatzes campaigned against them and forced Michael to come to terms. Theodore was taken prisoner and sent into exile in Nicaea, where he died around 1253. Greece, 1224-1246, Empire of Thessalonica; Saint Philothea of Thrace, Protectress of Romania, Commemorated on December 7

Greece, 1259, Martyrs killed by Latins at Iviron monastery, pope's private army
Greece, Mt Athos, 1259, Martyrs killed by Latins at Iviron monastery; monks began to settle on Mt. Athos in the middle of the 10th century, and a Georgian monastery, Iveron, was founded there not long after. that time foreign armies were constantly invading Mt. Athos. In the 13th century the Crusaders stormed through the region, and between 1259 and 1306 the pope’s private army devastated Mt. Athos several times. Monks of Zographou and Vatopedi monasteries and the Protaton were martyred for the Orthodox Faith, and the monks of the Iveron Monastery eventually met the same fate. this period Georgian and Greek ascetics labored together at the Iveron Monastery, and many young ascetics of the new generation began to arrive from Georgia. Crusaders demanded that the Iveron monks convert to Catholicism and acknowledge the primacy of the Roman pope. But the monks condemned their fallacies and anathematized the doctrine of the Catholics. to the Patericon of Athos, the Ivá¸—ron monks were forcibly expelled from their monastery. Nearly two hundred elderly monks were goaded like animals onto a ship that was subsequently sunk in the depths of the sea. The younger, healthier monks were deported to Italy and sold as slaves to the Jews. sources claim this tragedy took place in the year 1259, while others record that the Georgian monks of the Holy Mountain were subject to the Latin persecutions over the course of four years, from 1276 to 1280. Iviron monastery ; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; monks began to settle on Mt. Athos in the middle of the 10th century, and a Georgian monastery, Ivḗron, was founded there not long after. that time foreign armies were constantly invading Mt. Athos. In the 13th century the Crusaders stormed through the region, and between 1259 and 1306 the pope’s private army devastated Mt. Athos several times. Monks of Zographou and Vatopedi monasteries and the Protaton were martyred for the Orthodox Faith, and the monks of the Ivḗron Monastery eventually met the same fate. this period Georgian and Greek ascetics labored together at the Ivḗron Monastery, and many young ascetics of the new generation began to arrive from Georgia. Crusaders demanded that the Ivḗron monks convert to Catholicism and acknowledge the primacy of the Roman pope. But the monks condemned their fallacies and anathematized the doctrine of the Catholics. to the Patericon of Athos, the Ivḗron monks were forcibly expelled from their monastery. Nearly two hundred elderly monks were goaded like animals onto a ship that was subsequently sunk in the depths of the sea. The younger, healthier monks were deported to Italy and sold as slaves to the Jews. sources claim this tragedy took place in the year 1259, while others record that the Georgian monks of the Holy Mountain were subject to the Latin persecutions over the course of four years, from 1276 to 1280.

Greece, 1261-1282, Euthymius&12 Monks, Vatopedi, Mt Athos, martyred for denouncing Latinizing Patriarchs Paleologos&Bekkos
Greece, 1261-1282, Euthymius&12 Monks, Vatopedi monastery, Mt Athos, martyred for denouncing Latinizing Patriarchs Paleologos&Bekkos; Vatopedi monastery ; Venerable Euthymius and twelve other Monks, martyred at Vatopedi, Commemorated on January 4; Monk Martyr Euthymius, Igumen of the Vatopedi Monastery on Mount Athos, and twelve other monks suffered martyrdom denouncing the Latinizing Patriarchs Michael Paleologos (1261-1281) and John Bekkos (1275-1282) as heretics. Saint Euthymius was drowned in the sea, and the monks were hanged.

Greece, 1274, 26 Monk-Martyrs of Zographou, burned alive by heretic Michael VIII, for no union with Rome
Greece, Mt Athos, 1274, 26 Monk-Martyrs of Zographou Monestary, Bulgarian, Mt Athos, burned alive by heretic Michael VIII, for not accepting union with Roman Church; Zographou Monastery; 26 Monk-Martyrs of Zographou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 21 ; July of 1274, the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII accepted a union with the Roman Church at Lyons, France. with dangers from Charles of Anjou, the Ottoman Turks, and other enemies, the emperor found such an alliance with Rome expedient. Union of Lyons required the Orthodox to recognize the authority of the Pope, the use of the Filioque in the Creed, and the use of azymes (unleavened bread) in the Liturgy. Joseph was deposed because he would not agree to these conditions. The monastic clergy and many of the laity, both at home and in other Orthodox countries, vigorously opposed the Union, denouncing the emperor for his political schemes and for his betrayal of Orthodoxy. January 9, 1275 a Liturgy was celebrated in Constantinople in which the Pope was commemorated as “Gregory, the chief pontiff of the Apostolic Church, and Ecumenical Pope. ” The emperor’s sister remarked, “It is better that my brother’s empire should perish, rather than the purity of the Orthodox Faith.” the infamous Crusade of 1204 when Latin crusaders sacked Constantinople, many of the people also preferred to submit to the infidels than to abandon the Orthodox Faith. martyrs of Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos were among those who were persecuted by Emperor Michael VIII Paleologos (1261-1282) and Patriarch John Bekkos (1275-1282) because they would not obey the imperial command to recognize the Union of Lyons. steadfastly kept the teachings of the Fathers of the Church, and fearlessly censured those who accepted Catholic doctrines. the authorities came to Mt. Athos to enforce the imperial policy, the monks of Zographou shut themselves up in their monastery. the tower they reproached those in favor of the Union, calling them lawless men and heretics. The attackers set the monastery on fire and burned the twenty-six martyrs alive. names of the martyrs are: Igumen Thomas, the monks Barsanuphius, Cyril, Micah, Simon, Hilarion, James, Job, Cyprian, Savva, James, Martinian, Cosmas, Sergius, Menas, Joasaph, Joannicius, Paul, Anthony, Euthymius, Dometian, Parthenius, and four laymen who died with them. holy martyrs are also commemorated on October 10.

Greece, 1274, Zographou Monestary, Crusaders, 26 Martyrs
Zographou Monastery; 26 Monk-Martyrs of Zographou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 21 ; Venerable Cosmas the Bulgarian of Zographou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 21; Venerable Cosmas of the Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on September 22 ; Icon of the Mother of God "of the Akathist" of the Zographou Monastery, Commemorated October 10 ; 26 Martyrs of the Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos at the hands of the Crusaders, Commemorated October 10 ; Monkmartyrs of the Zographou Monastery on Mount Athos In the year 1274 at the Council of Lyons (in France), the Byzantine emperor Michael VIII Paleologos decided to buttress his waning power by forming a union with Catholic Rome. This step evoked universal discontent. In 1278, the emperor issued a decree to introduce the Union at Constantinople by forceful measures, if necessary. Athos stood in firm opposition to the Union. The Athonite monks sent a letter to Michael pointing out that the primacy of the Pope, his commemoration in the churches, celebrating the Eucharist with unleavened bread, the insertion of the “filioque” [“and from the Son”] into the Creed, could not be accepted by Orthodox, and they asked the emperor to change his mind. “We clearly see,” the letter said, “that you are becoming a heretic, but we implore you to forsake all this and abide in the teachings that were handed down to you.... Reject the unholy and novel teachings of a false knowledge, speculations, and additions to the Faith.” Crusaders pushed out of Palestine and finding refuge in the Byzantine Empire, declared to the emperor their readiness to affirm the power of the Pope by fire and sword, if necessary. In addition, Michael had hired mercenaries, both Turks and Tatars, to enforce his decree. emperor despised the monks of Mt. Athos for their opposition. Since he did not want to provoke the Greeks, he decided to vent his spite upon the Athonite Slavs. By Michael’s order, the servants of the Pope descended upon the Bulgarian Zographou monastery. When the demand to accept the Union was presented before the Zographou monks, they refused to listen. They adhered to the doctrines of the Fathers, and fearlessly censured those who accepted the Latin teachings. The majority of the Zographou monks left the monastery, but the most steadfast, twenty-six in number, remained within the monastery tower. These were:Igumen Thomas, and the monks Barsanuphius, Cyril, Michael, Simon, Hilarion, James, Job, Cyprian, Savva, Jacob, Martinian, Cosmas, Sergius, Menas, Joasaph, Joannicius, Paul, Anthony, Euthymius, Dometian, Parthenius, and four laymen. holy martyrs for their Orthodox Faith, were burned in the monastery tower on October 10, 1284. (also September 22). Venerable Pimen the Bulgarian of the Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated November 3 ; St Hilarion the Georgian, the New, Commemorated February 14 ; Venerable Damian of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated February 23 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the Akathist, Commemorated on March 27; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13;

Greece, 1274, Zographou Akathist Icon and MOG Prepared 26 for Martyrdom
Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 1284, Zographou Akathist Icon and MOG Prepared 26 for Martyrdom day, while reading the Akathist, and silently repeating the word "rejoice," the Elder suddenly heard a voice coming from the Icon, "Rejoice also, Elder of God!" ascetic trembled in horror, but the voice continued: "Do not be afraid, but go to the monastery as soon as possible and announce to the brethren and to the Igoumen that the monastery is in danger from enemies who are already close by. Whoever is weak in patience, let him hide until the temptation passes; but as for those who are seeking crowns, let them stay." Zographou Monastery; Icon of the Mother of God of the Akathist of Zographou Monastery, Commemorated on October 10; the XIII century, there was a certain Elder who spent his life in ascetical struggles on Mount Athos. He had the pious custom of reading the Akathist Hymn before the Icon of the Mother of God every day. day, while reading the Akathist, and silently repeating the word "rejoice," the Elder suddenly heard a voice coming from the Icon, "Rejoice also, Elder of God!" ascetic trembled in horror, but the voice continued: "Do not be afraid, but go to the monastery as soon as possible and announce to the brethren and to the Igoumen that the monastery is in danger from enemies who are already close by. Whoever is weak in patience, let him hide until the temptation passes; but as for those who are seeking crowns, let them stay." Elder left the cell right away and hurried to the monastery. As soon as he entered the gate, his eyes beheld the very Icon from his cell, before which he had just read the Akathist. An invisible, miraculous power had brought it there from the ascetic's cell. Elder fell down before the Icon with ardent prayer, and then with the Icon in his hands, he went to the Igoumen. The brotherhood, learning of the impending danger, was very worried. The more faint-hearted monks hastened to hide in the mountains, while twenty-six brave monks, including the Igoumen himself, remained in the monastery. The Elder, who received the heavenly revelation, also remained with them, so that he might comfort them during the coming trial. did not take long for their enemies to reach the monastery. These were Latins who at that time were trying to convert Orthodox Christians to Catholicism. Arriving at the monastery and approaching the tower in which the monks had locked themselves, they tried to persuade them to renounce Orthodoxy. In an effort to convince them to recognize the pope as the head of the Universal Church, the Latins promised the champions of Orthodoxy all sorts of favors and monetary rewards. But these faithful sons of the Orthodox Church remained adamant. the enemies of Orthodoxy piled wood around the tower and lit it. As they prayed to the Lord, the monks gave thanks to the Almighty for making them worthy of receiving the crown of martyrdom, and then all of them surrendered their spotless souls to the Heavenly Father. Their martyric death occurred on October 10, 1274. The names of the victims were added to the Synodikon of Zographou Monastery, as well as to the official calendar of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God, who warned the Elder about the impending disaster, was subsequently found unscathed under the ashes in the ruins of the monastery. Today this Icon is in the monastery, and an unsleeping lampada burns before it. is another Icon with the same name "of the Akathist" at Hilandar Monastery on Mount Athos. Information about that Icon may be found under January 12. 26 Monk-Martyrs of Zographou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 21 ; July of 1274, the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII accepted a union with the Roman Church at Lyons, France. with dangers from Charles of Anjou, the Ottoman Turks, and other enemies, the emperor found such an alliance with Rome expedient. Union of Lyons required the Orthodox to recognize the authority of the Pope, the use of the Filioque in the Creed, and the use of azymes (unleavened bread) in the Liturgy. Joseph was deposed because he would not agree to these conditions. The monastic clergy and many of the laity, both at home and in other Orthodox countries, vigorously opposed the Union, denouncing the emperor for his political schemes and for his betrayal of Orthodoxy. January 9, 1275 a Liturgy was celebrated in Constantinople in which the Pope was commemorated as “Gregory, the chief pontiff of the Apostolic Church, and Ecumenical Pope.” emperor’s sister remarked, “It is better that my brother’s empire should perish, rather than the purity of the Orthodox Faith.” the infamous Crusade of 1204 when Latin crusaders sacked Constantinople, many of the people also preferred to submit to the infidels than to abandon the Orthodox Faith. martyrs of Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos were among those who were persecuted by Emperor Michael VIII Paleologos (1261-1282) and Patriarch John Bekkos (1275-1282) because they would not obey the imperial command to recognize the Union of Lyons. They steadfastly kept the teachings of the Fathers of the Church, and fearlessly censured those who accepted Catholic doctrines. the authorities came to Mt. Athos to enforce the imperial policy, the monks of Zographou shut themselves up in their monastery. From the tower they reproached those in favor of the Union, calling them lawless men and heretics. The attackers set the monastery on fire and burned the twenty-six martyrs alive. names of the martyrs are: Igumen Thomas, the monks Barsanuphius, Cyril, Micah, Simon, Hilarion, James, Job, Cyprian, Savva, James, Martinian, Cosmas, Sergius, Menas, Joasaph, Joannicius, Paul, Anthony, Euthymius, Dometian, Parthenius, and four laymen who died with them. holy martyrs are also commemorated on October 10. Icon of the Mother of God œof the AkathistÂ, Commemorated on March 27; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13;

Greece, 1282, Martyrs of Karyes, Athos, by Latins, fire and sword, apostate Paleologos, burned Protaton basilica
Greece, Mt Athos, 1282, Martyrs of Karyes, Athos, m by t Latins, fire and sword, during apostate Mike Paleologos, burned Protaton basilica, Protos hanged, others by swords; Serbian Bishop Saint Sava built a church and cell at Karyes, where he stayed for some years, becoming a Hieromonk, then an Archimandrite in 1201. He wrote the Karyes Typicon during his stay there, and a marble inscription of his work still exists.[2] In 1219 Sava becomes the first Archbishop of Serbia.[2] the year 1283, Latin Crusaders during the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Michael Paleologos, attacked Mount Athos. They tortured and hanged the Protos, and sacked the Protaton, murdering many of the monks. These monks are commemorated as martyrs by the Orthodox Church on December 5 (for those churches which follow the traditional Julian Calendar, December 5 falls on December 18 of the Gregorian Calendar). Kayes; Venerable Philotheus of Karyes of Mt Athos, Commemorated December 5 ; Philotheus of Karyes lived an ascetic life on Athos in the cell of Iagari near Karyes. was the Spiritual Father of Saint Nectarius. Because of the purity of his life, he was granted the gift of clairvoyance. Monastic Martyrs of Karyes, Commemorated on December 5 ; Holy Monastic Martyrs of Karyes were martyred by the Latins who came with fire and sword onto Mount Athos during the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Michael Paleologos (1259-1282), an apostate from Orthodoxy. in upon the Karyes monastery, the Latins burned and devastated the Church of the Protaton [the only basilica on the Holy Mountain, built in 965], “leaving no one alive.” -------------------------------------------------The Protos of the Holy Mountain, who had denounced the Latin rationalising as heresy, was after much torture hanged before the Protaton at the place called Chalkhos. hidden in caves around Karyes were cut down with swords. See October 10.

Greece, 1300, 14th Century Folder, Mt Athos, Hesychasts, Bulgarian Singer Composer Koukouzelis, Despotate of Morea

Greece, 1300-1360, John Koukouzelis, Macedonia, Mt. Athos, Saint. Composer, Wonderworker and Singer, gold coin
Mt. Athos, 1300-1360, Saint, John Koukouzelis. Composer and Singer; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1; John Koukouzelis, a native of Dirrachia (Bulgaria), was orphaned in childhood. with a very fine voice, he entered the Constantinople court school. He found favor with the emperor John Comnenos (1118-1143) and became a chief court singer. The sumptuousness and luxury of the imperial court bothered the pious youth. Once, when asked what he had eaten for dinner, he replied, “Beans and peas.” The name Koukouzelis (beans and peas) stuck with him ever after. began to seek ways to escape the enticements of the court, as well as a marriage arranged for him by the emperor. By the will of God, John met an igumen from Mt. Athos who had come to Constantinople on monastery business. John revealed to the Elder his desire to leave the court. The Elder blessed John to come to the Holy Mountain. There John was accepted and tonsured a monk. was given the obedience of tending the monastery’s flock of goats. He took the flock to remote areas of the Holy Mountain to graze. There in the wilderness the youth was able to to pray, contemplate God, and sing the divine hymns in solitude. Charmed by the angelic beauty of his voice, the animals gathered around him and listened as though entranced. of modesty and humility the singer did not reveal his gift to the brethren. But once, a wilderness dweller overheard his moving pastoral song and informed the igumen. Saint John then revealed to the igumen that he had been a court singer. He tearfully implored him to remain in the wilderness with his flock. igumen was afraid that the emperor would find out that his favorite court singer was on the Holy Mountain and force him to return to court. Wishing to avoid the emperor’s displeasure the igumen journeyed to Constantinople to explain what had become of John and begged him not to hinder the young man from his salvific path. John Koukouzelis sang on the right cleros in the cathedral on Sundays and feastdays. Once, after singing an Akathist before an icon of the Mother of God, John was granted a great mercy. The Mother of God appeared to him in a dream and said, “Rejoice, John, and do not cease to sing. For that, I shall not forsake you.” With these works she placed into John’s hand a golden coin, then became invisible. This coin was placed beneath the icon. Many miracles have been credited to the coin and the icon. The icon, named the “Koukouzelissa” in memory of Saint John is located in the Lavra monastery of Saint Athanasius. It is commemorated on October 1, and on the 10th Friday after Pascha. Mother of God appeared to Saint John again and healed him of a grievous affliction of his legs, caused by the long standing in church. Saint John’s remaining days were spent in intense ascetic efforts. He also worked hard on the discipline of church singing, gaining the title of both master teacher and regent (overseer). arranged and compiled melodies for church stichera verses, troparia and kontakia. He edited texts of hymns and wrote his own troparia. Some of his compositions are also in the following manuscripts: “A Book, by the Will of God Encompassing All the Order of Progression of Church Services, Compiled by Master Teacher John Koukouzelis,” “Progression of Services, Compiled by Master Teacher John Koukouzelis, “From the Beginning of Great Vespers through to the Completion of the Divine Liturgy,” and “The Science of Song and Singing Signs with all the Legitimate Hand-Placement and with all the Arrangements of Song.” the hour of his death, Saint John took his leave of the brethren, and in his last wishes bade them to bury him in the Church of the Archangel that he built. Church singers reverence Saint John Koukouzelis as their own special patron saint.

Greece, 1301-1355, Gregory Domesticus, Mt Athos, Chanter Singer, MoG Gold Coin, All Creation Rejoices
Greece, Mt Athos, 1301-1355, Gregory Domesticus, Chanter Singer, Gold Coin from MoG for All Creation Rejoices instead of It is Meet; Great (first) Lavra of Mt. Athos (Megisti Lavra); Venerable Gregory Domesticus of the Great Lavra of Mt Athos, Commemorated October 1 ; Gregory Domesticus (leading chanter) was the contemporary of Saint John Koukouzelis, and lived in the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos in piety and asceticism. Like Saint John, he also sang in the right choir in the Great Lavra, and was even called Gregory Koukouzelis in honor of his instructor. Saint Gregory was known for his technical skill and for the sweetness of his voice. He chanted the Vigil service with great reverence and compunction, never sitting down in church. Callistus I (June 20) had started the practice of singing “All of creation rejoices” at the Liturgy of Saint Basil in place of “It is truly meet....” Patriarch Philotheus (October 8), who succeeded him, restored “It is truly meet” to Saint Basil’s Liturgy. Soon after this Saint Gregory sang “All of creation rejoices” at Liturgy on the eve of Theophany in the presence of Patriarch Gregory of Alexandria. The Most Holy Theotokos appeared to Saint Gregory and thanked him for singing the hymn in her honor. She also handed him a gold coin. From that time forward, “All of creation” has been sung at the Liturgy of Saint Basil. Gregory fell asleep in the Lord in 1355. Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1; John Koukouzelis, a native of Dirrachia (Bulgaria), was orphaned in childhood. with a very fine voice, he entered the Constantinople court school. He found favor with the emperor John Comnenos (1118-1143) and became a chief court singer. The sumptuousness and luxury of the imperial court bothered the pious youth. Once, when asked what he had eaten for dinner, he replied, “Beans and peas.” The name Koukouzelis (beans and peas) stuck with him ever after. began to seek ways to escape the enticements of the court, as well as a marriage arranged for him by the emperor. By the will of God, John met an igumen from Mt. Athos who had come to Constantinople on monastery business. John revealed to the Elder his desire to leave the court. The Elder blessed John to come to the Holy Mountain. There John was accepted and tonsured a monk. was given the obedience of tending the monastery’s flock of goats. He took the flock to remote areas of the Holy Mountain to graze. There in the wilderness the youth was able to to pray, contemplate God, and sing the divine hymns in solitude. Charmed by the angelic beauty of his voice, the animals gathered around him and listened as though entranced. of modesty and humility the singer did not reveal his gift to the brethren. But once, a wilderness dweller overheard his moving pastoral song and informed the igumen. Saint John then revealed to the igumen that he had been a court singer. He tearfully implored him to remain in the wilderness with his flock. igumen was afraid that the emperor would find out that his favorite court singer was on the Holy Mountain and force him to return to court. Wishing to avoid the emperor’s displeasure the igumen journeyed to Constantinople to explain what had become of John and begged him not to hinder the young man from his salvific path. John Koukouzelis sang on the right cleros in the cathedral on Sundays and feastdays. Once, after singing an Akathist before an icon of the Mother of God, John was granted a great mercy. The Mother of God appeared to him in a dream and said, “Rejoice, John, and do not cease to sing. For that, I shall not forsake you.” With these works she placed into John’s hand a golden coin, then became invisible. This coin was placed beneath the icon. Many miracles have been credited to the coin and the icon. The icon, named the “Koukouzelissa” in memory of Saint John is located in the Lavra monastery of Saint Athanasius. It is commemorated on October 1, and on the 10th Friday after Pascha. Mother of God appeared to Saint John again and healed him of a grievous affliction of his legs, caused by the long standing in church. Saint John’s remaining days were spent in intense ascetic efforts. He also worked hard on the discipline of church singing, gaining the title of both master teacher and regent (overseer). arranged and compiled melodies for church stichera verses, troparia and kontakia. He edited texts of hymns and wrote his own troparia. Some of his compositions are also in the following manuscripts: “A Book, by the Will of God Encompassing All the Order of Progression of Church Services, Compiled by Master Teacher John Koukouzelis,” “Progression of Services, Compiled by Master Teacher John Koukouzelis, “From the Beginning of Great Vespers through to the Completion of the Divine Liturgy,” and “The Science of Song and Singing Signs with all the Legitimate Hand-Placement and with all the Arrangements of Song.” the hour of his death, Saint John took his leave of the brethren, and in his last wishes bade them to bury him in the Church of the Archangel that he built. Church singers reverence Saint John Koukouzelis as their own special patron saint.

Greece, 1305-1316, Sava III, Archbishop oSerbia, important Serbian architecture development figure
Saint Sava III (Serbian: Свети Сава III / Sveti Sava III; died July 16, 1316) was the Archbishop of Serbs from 1309 to 1316. Upon completing his studies,[1] he began as a hegumen in Hilandar, then became the Bishop of Prizren. During his office as bishop, he worked on the Bogorodica Ljeviška church in Prizren. In 1309 he became the Archbishop. Sava III was an important figure of the development of architecture in Medieval Serbia. Prior to the founding of the Banjska monastery, which Sava III did not survive, King Stefan Milutin consulted with him. In his charters confirming the endowments of King Milutin, he is styled "Archbishop of All Serbian and Maritime Lands". He rebuilt the Church of Saint George in Staro Nagoričane. According to the testimonies of his successor Archbishop Nikodim I, he regularly donated to Hilandar. The Serbian Orthodox Church venerate him as Saint Sava III on July 26 (August 8, Gregorian calendar); Serbia; Saint Savva III of Serbia, Commemorated on July 26; Savva III was Archbishop of Serbia from 1305 -1316. He is also commemorated on August 30 (and August 16).

Greece, 1316-1359, Gregory Palamas, Thessalonica Macedonia, Mt Athos, Hesychast and uncreated light defender
Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 1316-1359, Gregory Palamas, Saint and Hesychast Defender, at Vatopedi, the holy Evangelist John the Theologian appeared to him in a vision and promised him his spiritual protection.; Hesychasm, Hesychast controversy, 1330's ; Lavra of St Athanasius; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14 ; Gregory Palamas, Archbishop of Thessalonica, was born in the year 1296 in Constantinople. Saint Gregory’s father became a prominent dignitary at the court of Andronicus II Paleologos (1282-1328), but he soon died, and Andronicus himself took part in the raising and education of the fatherless boy. Endowed with fine abilities and great diligence, Gregory mastered all the subjects which then comprised the full course of medieval higher education. The emperor hoped that the youth would devote himself to government work. But Gregory, barely twenty years old, withdrew to Mount Athos in the year 1316 (other sources say 1318) and became a novice in the Vatopedi monastery under the guidance of the monastic Elder Saint Nikodemos of Vatopedi (July 11). There he was tonsured and began on the path of asceticism. A year later, the holy Evangelist John the Theologian appeared to him in a vision and promised him his spiritual protection. Gregory’s mother and sisters also became monastics. the demise of the Elder Νikόdēmos, Saint Gregory spent eight years of spiritual struggle under the guidance of the Elder Nikephoros, and after the latter’s death, Gregory transferred to the Lavra of Saint Athanasius (July 5). Here he served in the trapeza, and then became a church singer. But after three years, he resettled in the small skete of Glossia, striving for a greater degree of spiritual perfection. The head of this monastery began to teach the young man the method of unceasing prayer and mental activity, which had been cultivated by monastics, beginning with the great desert ascetics of the fourth century: Evagrius Pontikos and Saint Macarius of Egypt (January 19). on, in the eleventh century, Saint Simeon the New Theologian (March 12) had provided detailed instruction in mental activity for those praying in an outward manner, and the ascetics of Athos put it into practice. The experienced use of mental prayer (or prayer of the heart), requiring solitude and quiet, is called “Hesychasm” (from the Greek “hesychia” meaning calm, silence), and those practicing it were called “hesychasts.” his stay at Glossia the future hierarch Gregory became fully imbued with the spirit of hesychasm and adopted it as an essential part of his life. In the year 1326, because of the threat of Turkish invasions, he and the brethren retreated to Thessalonica, where he was then ordained to the holy priesthood. Gregory combined his priestly duties with the life of a hermit. Five days of the week he spent in silence and prayer, and only on Saturday and Sunday did he come out to his people. He celebrated divine services and preached sermons. For those present in church, his teaching often evoked both tenderness and tears. Sometimes he visited theological gatherings of the city’s educated youth, headed by the future patriarch, Isidore. After he returned from a visit to Constantinople, he found a place suitable for solitary life near Thessalonica the region of Bereia. Soon he gathered here a small community of solitary monks and guided it for five years. 1331 the saint withdrew to Mount Athos and lived in solitude at the skete of Saint Savva, near the Lavra of Saint Athanasius. In 1333 he was appointed Igumen of the Esphigmenou monastery in the northern part of the Holy Mountain. In 1336 the saint returned to the skete of Saint Savva, where he devoted himself to theological works, continuing with this until the end of his life. the 1330s events took place in the life of the Eastern Church which put Saint Gregory among the most significant universal apologists of Orthodoxy, and brought him great renown as a teacher of hesychasm. the year 1330 the learned monk Barlaam had arrived in Constantinople from Calabria, in Italy. He was the author of treatises on logic and astronomy, a skilled and sharp-witted orator, and he received a university chair in the capital city and began to expound on the works of Saint Dionysius the Areopagite (October 3), whose “apophatic” (“negative”, in contrast to “kataphatic” or “positive”) theology was acclaimed in equal measure in both the Eastern and the Western Churches. Soon Barlaam journeyed to Mt Athos, where he became acquainted with the spiritual life of the hesychasts. Saying that it was impossible to know the essence of God, he declared mental prayer a heretical error. Journeying from Mount Athos to Thessalonica, and from there to Constantinople, and later again to Thessalonica, Barlaam entered into disputes with the monks and attempted to demonstrate the created, material nature of the light of Tabor (i.e. at the Transfiguration). He ridiculed the teachings of the monks about the methods of prayer and about the uncreated light seen by the hesychasts. Gregory, at the request of the Athonite monks, replied with verbal admonitions at first. But seeing the futility of such efforts, he put his theological arguments in writing. Thus appeared the “Triads in Defense of the Holy Hesychasts” (1338). Towards the year 1340 the Athonite ascetics, with the assistance of the saint, compiled a general response to the attacks of Barlaam, the so-called “Hagiorite Tome.” At the Constantinople Council of 1341 in the church of Hagia Sophia Saint Gregory Palamas debated with Barlaam, focusing upon the nature of the light of Mount Tabor. On May 27, 1341 the Council accepted the position of Saint Gregory Palamas, that God, unapproachable in His Essence, reveals Himself through His energies, which are directed towards the world and are able to be perceived, like the light of Tabor, but which are neither material nor created. The teachings of Barlaam were condemned as heresy, and he himself was anathemized and fled to Calabria. the dispute between the Palamites and the Barlaamites was far from over. To these latter belonged Barlaam’s disciple, the Bulgarian monk Akyndinos, and also Patriarch John XIV Kalekos (1341-1347); the emperor Andronicus III Paleologos (1328-1341) was also inclined toward their opinion. Akyndinos, whose name means “one who inflicts no harm,” actually caused great harm by his heretical teaching. Akyndinos wrote a series of tracts in which he declared Saint Gregory and the Athonite monks guilty of causing church disorders. The saint, in turn, wrote a detailed refutation of Akyndinos’ errors. The patriarch supported Akyndinos and called Saint Gregory the cause of all disorders and disturbances in the Church (1344) and had him locked up in prison for four years. In 1347, when John the XIV was replaced on the patriarchal throne by Isidore (1347-1349), Saint Gregory Palamas was set free and was made Archbishop of Thessalonica. 1351 the Council of Blachernae solemnly upheld the Orthodoxy of his teachings. But the people of Thessalonica did not immediately accept Saint Gregory, and he was compelled to live in various places. On one of his travels to Constantinople the Byzantine ship fell into the hands of the Turks. Even in captivity, Saint Gregory preached to Christian prisoners and even to his Moslem captors. The Hagarenes were astonished by the wisdom of his words. Some of the Moslems were unable to endure this, so they beat him and would have killed him if they had not expected to obtain a large ransom for him. A year later, Saint Gregory was ransomed and returned to Thessalonica. Gregory performed many miracles in the three years before his death, healing those afflicted with illness. On the eve of his repose, Saint John Chrysostom appeared to him in a vision. With the words “To the heights! To the heights!” Saint Gregory Palamas fell asleep in the Lord on November 14, 1359. In 1368 he was canonized at a Constantinople Council under Patriarch Philotheus (1354-1355, 1364-1376), who compiled the Life and Services to the saint.

Greece, 1316-1359, Gregory Palamas, Archbishop of Thessalonica, Hesychast, won the debate w Barlaam, uncreated energies
Greece, 1316-1359, Gregory Palamas, Archbishop of Thessalonica, Macedonia; Palamas (c. 1296 – 1357 or 1359)[1] was a Byzantine Greek theologian and Eastern Orthodox cleric of the late Byzantine period. monk of Mount Athos (modern Greece) and later archbishop of Thessaloniki, he is famous for his defense of hesychast spirituality, the uncreated character of the light of the Transfiguration, and the distinction between God's essence and energies (i.e., the divine will, divine grace, etc.). teaching unfolded over the course of three major controversies, (1) with the Italo-Greek Barlaam between 1336 and 1341, (2) with the monk Gregory Akindynos between 1341 and 1347, and (3) with the philosopher Gregoras, from 1348 to 1355. theological contributions are sometimes referred to as Palamism, and his followers as Palamites. has been venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church since 1368. Within the Catholic Church, he was also been called a saint, and repeatedly cited as a great theological writer, by Pope John Paul II.[2] Since 1971, the Melkite Greek Catholic Church has venerated Gregory as a saint.[3][4] Some of his writings are collected in the Philokalia, and since the Ottoman period, the second Sunday of Great Lent is dedicated to the memory Gregory Palamas in the Orthodox Church. The Byzantine Synodikon of Orthodoxy also celebrates his memory and theology while condemning his opponents, including some anti-Palamites who flourished after Gregory's death. Thessalonica; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14 ; Gregory Palamas, Archbishop of Thessalonica, was born in the year 1296 in Constantinople. Gregory’s father became a prominent dignitary at the court of Andronicus II Paleologos (1282-1328), but he soon died, and Andronicus himself took part in the raising and education of the fatherless boy. with fine abilities and great diligence, Gregory mastered all the subjects which then comprised the full course of medieval higher education. emperor hoped that the youth would devote himself to government work. Gregory, barely twenty years old, withdrew to Mount Athos in the year 1316 (other sources say 1318) and became a novice in the Vatopedi monastery under the guidance of the monastic Elder Saint Nikodemos of Vatopedi (July 11). There he was tonsured and began on the path of asceticism. year later, the holy Evangelist John the Theologian appeared to him in a vision and promised him his spiritual protection. Gregory’s mother and sisters also became monastics. the demise of the Elder Nikodemos, Saint Gregory spent eight years of spiritual struggle under the guidance of the Elder Nikephoros, and after the latter’s death, transferred to the Lavra of Saint Athanasius (July 5). Here he served in the trapeza, and then became a church singer. But after three years, he resettled in the small skete of Glossia, striving for a greater degree of spiritual perfection. head of this monastery began to teach the young man the method of unceasing prayer and mental activity, which had been cultivated by monastics, beginning with the great desert ascetics of the fourth century: Evagrius Pontikos and Saint Macarius of Egypt (January 19). on, in the eleventh century, Saint Simeon the New Theologian (March 12) had provided detailed instruction in mental activity for those praying in an outward manner, and the ascetics of Athos put it into practice. experienced use of mental prayer (or prayer of the heart), requiring solitude and quiet, is called “Hesychasm” (from the Greek “hesychia” meaning calm, silence), and those practicing it were called “hesychasts.” his stay at Glossia the future hierarch Gregory became fully imbued with the spirit of hesychasm and adopted it as an essential part of his life. the y, ear 1326, because of the threat of Turkish invasions, he and the brethren retreated to Thessalonica, where he was then ordained to the holy priesthood. Gregory combined his priestly duties with the life of a hermit. Five days of the week he spent in silence and prayer, and only on Saturday and Sunday did he come out to his people. celebrated divine services and preached sermons. For those present in church, his teaching often evoked both tenderness and tears. he visited theological gatherings of the city’s educated youth, headed by the future patriarch, Isidore. he returned from a visit to Constantinople, he found a place suitable for solitary life near Thessalonica the region of Bereia. Soon he gathered here a small community of solitary monks and guided it for five years. 1331 the saint withdrew to Mount Athos and lived in solitude at the skete of Saint Savva, near the Lavra of Saint Athanasius. 1333 he was appointed Igumen of the Esphigmenou monastery in the northern part of the Holy Mountain. 1336 the saint returned to the skete of Saint Savva, where he devoted himself to theological works, continuing with this until the end of his life. the 1330s events took place in the life of the Eastern Church which put Saint Gregory among the most significant universal apologists of Orthodoxy, and brought him great renown as a teacher of hesychasm. the year 1330 the learned monk Barlaam had arrived in Constantinople from Calabria, in Italy. He was the author of treatises on logic and astronomy, a skilled and sharp-witted orator, and he received a university chair in the capital city and began to expound on the works of Saint Dionysius the Areopagite (October 3), whose “apophatic” (“negative”, in contrast to “kataphatic” or “positive”) theology was acclaimed in equal measure in both the Eastern and the Western Churches. Barlaam journeyed to Mt Athos, where he became acquainted with the spiritual life of the hesychasts. Saying that it was impossible to know the essence of God, he declared mental prayer a heretical error. from Mount Athos to Thessalonica, and from there to Constantinople, and later again to Thessalonica, Barlaam entered into disputes with the monks and attempted to demonstrate the created, material nature of the light of Tabor (i.e. at the Transfiguration). He ridiculed the teachings of the monks about the methods of prayer and about the uncreated light seen by the hesychasts. Gregory, at the request of the Athonite monks, replied with verbal admonitions at first. But seeing the futility of such efforts, he put his theological arguments in writing. Thus appeared the “Triads in Defense of the Holy Hesychasts” (1338). the year 1340 the Athonite ascetics, with the assistance of the saint, compiled a general response to the attacks of Barlaam, the so-called “Hagiorite Tome.” the Constantinople Council of 1341 in the church of Hagia Sophia Saint Gregory Palamas debated with Barlaam, focusing upon the nature of the light of Mount Tabor. May 27, 1341 the Council accepted the position of Saint Gregory Palamas, that God, unapproachable in His Essence, reveals Himself through His energies, which are directed towards the world and are able to be perceived, like the light of Tabor, but which are neither material nor created. teachings of Barlaam were condemned as heresy, and he himself was anathemized and fled to Calabria. the dispute between the Palamites and the Barlaamites was far from over. To these latter belonged Barlaam’s disciple, the Bulgarian monk Akyndinos, and also Patriarch John XIV Kalekos (1341-1347); emperor Andronicus III Paleologos (1328-1341) was also inclined toward their opinion. whose name means “one who inflicts no harm,” actually caused great harm by his heretical teaching. Akyndinos wrote a series of tracts in which he declared Saint Gregory and the Athonite monks guilty of causing church disorders. The saint, in turn, wrote a detailed refutation of Akyndinos’ errors. patriarch supported Akyndinos and called Saint Gregory the cause of all disorders and disturbances in the Church (1344) and had him locked up in prison for four years. In 1347, when John the XIV was replaced on the patriarchal throne by Isidore (1347-1349), Saint Gregory Palamas was set free and was made Archbishop of Thessalonica. 1351 the Council of Blachernae solemnly upheld the Orthodoxy of his teachings. the people of Thessalonica did not immediately accept Saint Gregory, and he was compelled to live in various places. one of his travels to Constantinople the Byzantine ship fell into the hands of the Turks. Even in captivity, Saint Gregory preached to Christian prisoners and even to his Moslem captors. The Hagarenes were astonished by the wisdom of his words. Some of the Moslems were unable to endure this, so they beat him and would have killed him if they had not expected to obtain a large ransom for him. A year later, Saint Gregory was ransomed and returned to Thessalonica. Gregory performed many miracles in the three years before his death, healing those afflicted with illness. On the eve of his repose, Saint John Chrysostom appeared to him in a vision. With the words “To the heights! To the heights!” Saint Gregory Palamas fell asleep in the Lord on November 14, 1359. 1368 he was canonized at a Constantinople Council under Patriarch Philotheus (1354-1355, 1364-1376), who compiled the Life and Services to the saint.

Greece, 1322-1380, Athanasius of Meteora, Great ascetic, another rock, sky high, Platylithos (wide rock) called Meteoron, famous
Greece, 1322-1380, Athanasius of Meteora (Plain of Thessaly, Six Monasteries, like Mt Athos),from Hypate, New Patras, mother died childbirth, father soon after, uncle raised him educated him, catalan Franks caputred hometown, he escaped chief, found uncle, to Thessalonika, uncle died, lived w imperial secretary of military command for secular learning classical studies. No money for it, stood outside and listened, instructors taught him for free, then pilgrimage, 1319 at 17 tMt Athos, too young, tConstantinople, met Hesychasts, tCrete 1325 ascetic, no marry daughter, tMt Athos 1332, aMilea tonsured by Gregory, Great Schema, but Turk excursions tThessalonika&Beroia wGregory&Gabriel, but city noise so up tThessalian rocks oStagoi, but only vultures&crows.rock oStylos or HSpirit, w caveitRock, basket weaving never idle, 1340 another rock, high to skies, for good, so-called Platylithos (Wide Rock), which Athanasios himself called Meteoron which became famous far beyond the borders of Greece, flew tTop; Meteora (Like Mt Athos, Six Monasteries, Plain of Thessaly, on the Pineios River); Saint Athanasius of Meteora, Commemorated on April 20; Athanasios, the son of wealthy parents, born in 1302 at Hypátē, the well-known medieval town of New Patras, and was named Andronikos in Holy Baptism. mother died during childbirth, and after a short time his father also reposed. Thus, young Andronikos lost both of his parents in a very early age. Then he found sympathy, affection, and love from his father's brother, who saw to his education, taking care of all his needs, and taught him to read and write. the capture of his hometown by the Catalans in 1318/19, the chief of the Franks took Andronikos into his home. At the first opportunity, Andronikos escaped and was free. He hastened to rejoin his uncle, who had been banished to a distant place. Andronikos found him, and the two booked passage on a ship bound for Thessaloniki. The godly uncle suffered from a chronic joint disease, however, and after some time, he reposed at Akapniou Monastery. then went to live with the imperial secretary of the military command, who became his guardian for a short time. Andronikos wanted to be trained in secular learning and classical studies. Since he had no money to pay the instructors, he would stand outside and listen while the students were being taught. Some of the school's philosophers noticed his love of learning and his eagerness, so they they taught him without asking for a fee. benefitting from his teachers' knowledge, Andronikos became quite educated and cultured. Then he decided to go on pilgrimage. When he was seventeen years old, Andronikos traveled to Mount Athos, where he conversed with many holy Fathers, seeking their prayers and blessings. The Athonite Fathers, however, refused to allow the boy to remain, since he was still a beardless youth. made his way to Constantinople, visiting churches, and venerating the relics of the Saints. While there he met several prominent and virtuous Fathers, such as Gregory of Sinai, the future Ecumenical Patriarch Isidore (1347-1350), who supported Saint Gregory Palamas, and then made him Metropolitan of Thessaloniki, Daniel the Hesychast, and other notable persons of the monastic community. With their help he was initiated into the secrets of the hesychastic life and, like a bee, he gathered whatever was useful and necessary to acquire virtue. traveled to Crete in 1325 where he stayed for a certain time and lived as an ascetic, receiving hospitality from a virtuous and charitable Cretan man. When he noticed this man was trying to lure him back into the world in order to marry his daughter, he decided to forsake the world. Therefore, he returned to Mount Athos in 1332, by which time he was approximately thirty years old. At Milea on the Holy Mountain he was accepted as a novice by two virtuous anchorites, Gregory and Moses, who had attained the heights of virtue. Subsequently, he was tonsured by Hieromonk Gregory, taking the name Anthony. He quickly distinguished himself and then received his new monastic name of Athanasios when he was tonsured into the Great Schema. the predatory incursions of the Turks and the unfavorable circumstances prevailing at that time forced Saint Athanasios to leave Mount Athos together with his Spiritual Father Gregory, and another disciple, Gabriel. At Thessaloniki and Beroia many important men were willing to give them hospitality, but the two monks did not consent to stay because Athanasios had a great aversion to secular society and to the noise of the city. on the advice of Bishop Jacob of Servia (a city between northern Thessaly and southern Macedonia), they went to the Thessalian rocks of Stagoi, which the biographer of Athanasios describes as "the largest and highest rocks created by God since the beginning of the world." Following the bishop's advice they found the rocks, but there was nothing living on them but vultures and crows. Gregory and Saint Athanasios settled on the rock of Stylos, which today is called the Rock of the Holy Spirit. Gregory remained there for an entire decade. After a certain period of time, Father Athanasios withdrew, with his mentor’s blessing, to a cave in the rock. There in prayer and solitude, he spent his time weaving baskets so that he was never idle, and so he was kept safe from the danger of falling into temptation. even more seclusion and serenity, always with Elder Gregory’s blessing, he selected another rock, “a place for anchorites, a rock which rose high into the skies,” where he went around the year 1340, this time for good. The rock is the so-called Platylithos (Wide Rock), which Athanasios himself called Meteoron, a name that was preserved through the centuries, and applied, in general, to the whole complex of the surrounding monasteries which became famous far beyond the borders of Greece. with the wings of the Holy Spirit, and with unwavering will and faith, the humble monk Athanasios almost flew, and at last stepped onto this sun-drenched rock, hitherto touched only by the rays of the sun, as it is mentioned in a sigillion (April 1580) of the Ecumenical Patriarch Mētrophánēs III: “Motivated by divine love, the holy monk Athanasios, taking the wings of the Holy Spirit, first flew to this sun-drenched rock which dominated in Stagoi, and justifiably called Meteoron, being the highest of all. There he found a holy place, a true paradise containing, instead of fruit-bearing trees, men who bore the divine fruits of the Holy Spirit." Athanasios built his ascetic refuge and organized the first systematic monastic community with a strict cenobitic Rule which he formulated himself. The brotherhood under Athanasios had fourteen members. Initially, the holy anchorite built the church of the Mother of God, to whom he also dedicated the Monastery, as he himself said to his fellow ascetics shortly before his death: “I entrust you to the protection of the Most Holy Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary, to whom this Monastery is dedicated.” He built another church in honor of the Transfiguration of Christ, which later became the katholikon of the Monastery and gave it its final name of Transfiguration Monastery, which is preserved until today. Athanasios made this steep and inaccessible rock into an easy path to our Lord, Who is the Cornerstone of our Church: "This hard stone, Father, you labored hard to make it a path to the Cornerstone." as one climbs up the rocky stairway to the monastery, on the left just before the entrance, one can see the Hermitage of Saint Athanasios within the natural crevice in the rock arranged as a humble and basic dwelling with a small chapel. Here, according to tradition, the holy hermit first lived alone after he had climbed the Wide Rock, and before he built a church on the rocky ledge, with cells for the monks who began to gather there. humble as Athanasios had been all his life, he remained an ordinary monk. Perhaps due to his great humility, he did not leave any written texts, although he was very knowledgeable and well educated. to his biographer, he reposed peacefully after a brief illness (gall bladder and liver) at the age of seventy-eight, probably in the year 1380, on April 20th. Shortly before his death, Saint Athanasios chose Hieromonk Makarios to be the Spiritual Father of the Great Meteoron after his death: “I command that you have Hieromonk Makarios as the Protos and Spiritual Father. This is because, from the beginning, before I became ill, I entrusted him with the supervision of the daily and practical needs of the Monastery. Now it would be beneficial for him to guide and regulate your spiritual conduct." this only lasted a short time, since by November 1381 the former king John Urosh, and now the monk Joasaph, assumed the role as successor to Saint Athanasios, with his blessing while alive and with the mutual consent of the entire brotherhood, he became the second founder and builder of the Great Meteoron.

Greece, 1323, Hearer Icon, woman there q, MOG&Jesus heard Cosmos, sent him tW, gifts clrvync, visions, time oDeath
Greece, Mt Athos, 1323, Hearer Icon oZographou Monestary, Bulgarian, Mt Athos, name came MOG & Jesus heared Cosmas when he questioned woman on Athos, they heard his pray and sent him to wilderness for salvation, received gifts clairvoyance, miracles, divine visions, time oDeath; Zographou Monastery; Hearer Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on September 22; wonderworking Icon is at Zographou Monastery on Mount Athos. name of the Hearer Icon of the Mother of God is explained by the following miraculous sign. venerable Cosmas was living a life of asceticism at Zographou Monastery in the XIV century. he was still a young man, he visited Vatopaidi Monastery on the Feast of the Annunciation, which is that Monastery's Feast Day. in the church during the service, and later in the trapeza, he saw a beautiful, majestic woman. Cosmas was astonished and troubled to see her there on Mount Athos, because no woman is permitted to set foot on the Holy Mountain, so he was unable to understand why the monks allowed her to be there. he was pondering these things, he returned to his Elder, who noticed his disciple's confusion and asked him, "Why are you so sad and pensive?" told him what he had seen at Vatopaidi Monastery, and revealed all of his doubts and thoughts about seeing a woman there with the monks. sort of woman was she," the Elder asked, "and how was she dressed?" described her appearance in detail. with a reproachful sigh, the Elder rebuked his disciple: "Didn't you bother to find out what sort of woman was at the monastery? This was not an ordinary mortal woman; she is the Queen of our Holy Mountain and of all creation herself!" some time after this, the venerable Cosmas remained alone in the monastery church, praying fervently before an Icon of the Mother of God. He exclaimed, "Most Holy Theotokos, pray that your Son and God may set me on the path of salvation!" soon as he uttered these words, he heard the voice of the Mother of God coming from the Icon and saying, "My Son and my God, teach Your servant how he may be saved." once the Lord replied, "Let him leave the monastery to live in solitude and in stillness" .1 the Superior's blessing, Saint Cosmas left his monastery and went into the wilderness, where he dug a cave out of a cliff, spending the rest of his life there in continuous asceticism. made great progress in the hesychastic life, and so he was found worthy of the gifts of clairvoyance, working miracles, seeing divine visions, and even predicting the time of his death, which occurred on September 22, 1323. Icon before which Saint Cosmas prayed, and from which he heard the voice of the Mother of God, was named "The Hearer," because she heard his prayer. is still in the katholikon of Zographou Monastery, in the altar, on the eastern wall, which extends into the diakonikon.2 1 In the Lives of the Saints, and the writings of the Holy Fathers, stillness, or quiet, is essential for mental prayer, or prayer of the heart. In order to be effective, the Jesus Prayer requires the greatest inner and outer quiet or stillness. It is also called pure prayer because it presupposes a mind and heart free from fantasies, passions, and thoughts. 2 The διακονικόν is a room on the south side of a church, behind the iconostasis, where vestments, books, charcoal, etc. are stored. There is a sink, towels, and other necessary items used in the services.

Greece, 1334-1395, Prilep, Macedonia, Greece, High Point, Acquired by King Steven Dusan 1334, Serbian till 1395
Prilep, Macedonia, Greece; is the fourth-largest city in North Macedonia.[2] It has a population of 66,246 and is known as "the city under Marko's Towers" because of its proximity to the towers of Prince Marko. View of Prilep and the surrounding mountains name of Prilep appeared first as Πρίλαπος. The old fortress was attached to the rocky hilltop, and its name means “stuck” on the rocks in Old Church Slavonic. It was mentioned by John Skylitzes in relation with Samuel of Bulgaria, who died here in 1014.[3] In other languages is: Bulgarian: Прилеп, Prilep Aromanian: Pãrleap[4] Serbo-Croatian: Prilep / Прилеп Turkish: Pirlepe, or Perlepe Albanian: Përlep or Përlepi, or Prilep or Prilepi Greek: Prilapos, Πρίλαπος Latin: Prilapum is a centre for high-quality tobacco and cigarettes and the metal processing, electronics, timber, textiles, and food industries. The city also produces a large quantity of Macedonian Bianco Sivec (pure white marble). is one of Prilep's traditional cash crops and prospers in the Macedonian climate. Many of the world's largest cigarette makers, such as Marlboro, West and Camel use Prilep's tobacco in their cigarettes after it is processed in local factories such as Tutunski kombinat Prilep. A Tobacco Institute is established in the city in order to produce new types of tobacco and it was the first example of applying genetics to agriculture in the Balkans.[citation needed]. A Gentherm production plant is located in Prilep. overwhelming majority of the city population is Macedonian; the Macedonian population at the last census counted 64,527. There is also a Romani minority, counting some 4,420 inhabitants,most of them living in the neighbourhood of Trizla , also Serbs (310) and Turks (260). Kingdom of Prilep - Realm of Prince Marko A postcard of Prilep in 1915 Photo of a panoramic view of Prilep in 1930 antiquity, the region of Prilep was part of Ancient Pelagonia that was inhabited by the Pelagones, an ancient Greek tribe of Upper Macedonia, who according to Strabo,[5] were Epirote Molossians.[6] region was annexed to the Macedonian kingdom during the 4th century BC. In September 2007 archeological excavations in Bonče, revealed a tomb of what is believed to be the burial site of a Macedonian ruler dating 4th century BC.[7] Near Prilep, close to the village of Čepigovo, are the ruins of the ancient Macedonian city of Styberra (Ancient Greek: Στύβερρα), first a town in Macedonia and later incorporated into the Roman Empire.[8][9] Styberra, though razed by the Goths in 268, remained partly inhabited. town was first mentioned in Greek as Πρίλαπον (Prilapon)[10] in 1014, as the place where Bulgarian Tsar Samuil allegedly had a heart attack upon seeing thousands of his soldiers had been blinded by the Byzantines after the Battle of Kleidion. Byzantium lost it to the Second Bulgarian Empire, but later retook it. was acquired in 1334 by Serbian King Dušan and after 1365 the town belonged to King Vukašin, co-ruler of Dušan's son, Tzar Stefan Uroš V. After the death of Vukašin in 1371, Prilep was ruled by his son Marko.[11] In 1395 it was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire, of which it remained a part of until 1913, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Serbia. was a major center of the Bulgarian national revival in Western Macedonia in the 19th century.[12] One of the largest annual fairs in Macedonia was held in Prilep in the middle of the 19th century. European consulate exhibitions of 1887 estimate the population of Prilep to approximately 6.500 individuals, of which 4.000 were Bulgarians, 2.000 were Turks and the rest were Serbs with Greeks and Aromanians.[13] During the Great Eastern Crisis, the local Bulgarian movement of the day was defeated when armed Bulgarian groups were repelled by the League of Prizren, an Albanian organisation opposing Bulgarian geopolitical aims in areas like Prilep that contained an Albanian population.[14] the late 19th and early 20th century, Prilep was part of the Manastir Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire. It was occupied by Bulgaria between 17 November 1915 and 25 September 1918 during World War I. In 1918 Prilep became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and from 1929 to 1941 it was part of the Vardar Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. On 8 April 1941, just two days after the start of the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia, Prilep was occupied by the German Army, and on 26 April 1941 by the Bulgarian Army. Together with most of Vardar Macedonia, Prilep was annexed by the Kingdom of Bulgaria from 1941 to 1944. After 9 September coup d'etat the commander of the Bulgarian garrison, refused to withdraw and remained in the city with the Yugoslav guerrillas, managing to hold it for 10 days, blocking the movement of the German troops.[15] Afterwards the German Army retook the town. Prilep was definitively taken by communist partisans on 3 November 1944. From 1944 to 1991 the town belonged to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, as part of its constituent Socialist Republic of Macedonia. Since 1991 the town has been part of the Republic of Macedonia. Saint Νikόdēmos the Sanctified of Tismana, Romania, Commemorated on December 26;

Greece, 1342-1391, Nicholas Cabasilas. Thessalonica, Macedonia, devine teacher, hesychist writer
Greece, 1342-1391, Nicholas Cabasilas. Thessalonica, Macedonia (Axios River Mouth, K Triangle of Roman Roads), devine teacher hesychist writer; Thessalonica; Venerable Nicholas Cabasilas, Commemorated on June 20; Venerable Nicholas Cabasilas was born in Thessaloniki in 1322, and was the nephew of Neilos Cabasilas, who was the Archbishop of Thessaloniki. father's surname was Khamaetos, but he preferred to use his uncle's name - Cabasilas. Nicholas received an excellent education, both at Thessaloniki and Constantinople, studying rhetoric, theology, philosophy, etc. a time, he served as an advisor to Emperor John VI Cantacuzenos (reigned 1347-1354), who entrusted him with several important missions in this time of civil war (1341–1347) and religious strife. the last year of his life, the Emperor abdicated and was tonsured as a monk with the name Joasaph. He remained in the renowned Manganon Monastery until his death. Nicholas seems to have become a monk at Manganon at the same time, and it is possible that he was ordained as a Hieromonk. was a disciple of Saint Gregory of Sinai (August 8), and a supporter of Saint Gregory Palamas (November 14), of whom were proponents of hesychasm (stillness), involving the unceasing prayer of the heart, which can lead to a vision of the Uncreated Light of Tabor. Nicholas took part in the Hesychast controversies of his time, which ended when the Council of 1351 proclaimed the teachings of Saint Gregory Palamas as Orthodox. fame of Saint Nicholas rests mainly on his two books: of the Divine Liturgy, Concerning the Life in Christ, which describes the Church's Holy Mysteries, divine grace, and perfection in the divine virtues. his writings Saint Nicholas expounds the hesychastic (and Patristic) teaching that the life in Christ, which begins in this life, is perfected in the Kingdom. comes only from Christ, but sanctity is achieved when our wills are in harmony with Christ's will. 6 of Concerning the Life in Christ contains some very instructive comments on the Beatitudes. Nicholas points out that those who study and meditate on these sayings of Christ shall become truly happy. He compares the Beatitudes to "a ladder by which we may ascend to (the life of blessedness)." of his sermons have survived: on the Ascension, on the Annunciation, etc. There are also encomia in honor of Saint Demetrios, Saint Theodora, Saint Nicholas, and the Three Hierarchs. date of Saint Nicholas's blessed repose is uncertain, but it probably occurred before 1391. If that is true, then he must have been aware of the fall of Thessaloniki to the Turks in 1387. Nicholas Cabasilas was glorified as a saint on July 19,1983. The Troparion composed in his honor describes him as "a divine teacher, a wise interpreter of the dogmas of faith, and of the divine virtues."

Greece, 1347, Andronicus Icon placed in Monemvasia Monestary, Peloponnesos, Southern Greece
Greece, 1347, Andronicus Icon placed in Monemvasia Monestary; Monemvasia monastery at Morea in the Peloponnesos.; Icon of the Mother of God of Andronicus, Commemorated on October 22 ; Andronicus Icon of the Mother of God was a family icon of the Byzantine emperor Andronicus III. In 1347 he gave the icon to the Monemvasia monastery at Morea in the Peloponnesos. From here the image was sent to Russia in 1839. In 1877 the holy icon was placed in a temple of the Kazan women’s monastery near Vyshnii Volochek. Other Feast days of this icon are May 1 and July 8.

Greece, 1347-1380, Dionysios, tBuilder oProdromou Monastery, Mt Athos i1375, first steep little Athos, then C&M
Greece, Mt Athos, 1347-1380, Dionysios, the builder of Prodromou Monastery, Mt Athos i1375, after brother Met oTrebizon, priesthood, asceticism steep Mt Little Athos or Antiathos, Old Prodromos, Panagia, then built church and Monaster, Alexios III through brother funded Forerunner M, died while in T getting Icons ; Prodromou Monastery; Saint Dionysios, the builder of Prodromou Monastery, Mount Athos, Commemorated on June 25; Dionysios was born in the village of Korissos, Kastoria, to pious parents who were farmers. a young age, he went to Mount Athos near his brother Theodosios. with the help of his brother’s own teacher, learned to study the Holy Scriptures, and quickly became distinguished for his humble mind and his charitable character. few years later, Emperor Alexios Komnenos III (1350 - 1390), Theodosios became a Metropolitan in Trebizond. was very pleased when he learned of this, first out of brotherly love, and second because now he could more easily carry out a plan of his own. his ordination to the priesthood, Saint Dionysios transferred his place of asceticism to the steep mountain of little Athos or Antiathos, the so-called Old Prodromos and the Panagia. Shortly thereafter, he wanted to build a church and a suitable monastery. That plan eventually succeeded by the grace of God. Thus, in 1375, Alexios III, through the intercession of his brother, Metropolitan Theodosios, approved the building of the Monastery of the honorable Forerunner and Baptist John. The emperor in Dionysios gave 50 somia (400,000 grosia), and then three thousand komninata for his work. Thus Saint Dionysios built the Monastery of the honorable Forerunner, which was known afterwards by the name given by her builder. Dionysius reposed in Trebizond, where he had gone to ask for further help from the emperor for the iconography of the monastery.

Greece, 1349-1460, Despotate of Morea, sons of the emperor, Southern Greece, Sparta
Morea, 1349-1460, Despotate of Morea; Despotate of the Morea or Despotate of Mystras was a province of the Byzantine Empire which existed between the mid-14th and mid-15th centuries. Its territory varied in size during its existence but eventually grew to include almost all the southern Greek peninsula now known as the Peloponnese, which was known as the Morea during the medieval and early modern periods. The territory was usually ruled by one or more sons of the current Byzantine emperor, who were given the title of despotes (in this context it should not be confused with despotism). Its capital was the fortified city of Mystras, near ancient Sparta, which became an important centre of the Palaiologan Renaissance. in the Peloponnesos penninsula; Icon of the Mother of God of Andronicus, Commemorated on October 22 ;

Greece, 1350, 14th Century, Vatopedi Stabbed Icon, deacon, delayed by service, missed meal, stabbed icon, struck blind
Greece, Mt Athos, 1350, 14th Century, Vatopedi Stabbed Icon, deacon, delayed by service, missed meal, stabbed icon, struck blind, forgiven 3 yrs later, hand would be condemned at second coming, incorrupt black hand; Vatopedi monastery ; Icon of the Mother of God "Stabbed", Commemorated January 21; “Stabbed” Icon of the Mother of God, (Greek: “Esphagmeni.” Slavonic: “Zaklannaya”) dates from the fourteenth century, and is in the Vatopedi monastery on Mt. Athos, in a chapel dedicated to Saint Demetrius of Thessalonica. The icon was painted on canvas, and received its name of “The Stabbed” from the following event: certain ecclesiarch, a deacon of the Vatopedi monastery, was occupied with overseeing the order of a long service. Delayed by his duties, he was late for the meal in the trapeza. The annoyed cook refused to give him any food, and reminded him that he should come on time if he wished to eat. Offended, the deacon flew into a rage and he went to the church again. Standing before the icon of the Mother of God, he said, “How long must I go on serving You? I have toiled, but I have nothing to show for it. You don’t even care whether or not I have anything to eat!” he struck Her on the cheek with a knife and pierced right through the canvas. Blood flowed from the wound, and the deacon was struck blind. The terrified transgressor fell down right in front of the icon, trembling all over, like Cain, the murderer of old. igumen, served the all-night Vigil praying for mercy and the salvation of the hapless one. After three years the All-Holy Virgin appeared to the igumen and said that she had forgiven the deacon, and would restore his health, but his hand which committed the sacrilege would be condemned at the Lord’s Second Coming. deacon recovered his sight, and deeply repented of his transgression. Settling himself in a stall opposite the icon he stabbed, he spent the rest of his life in repentance before it. years after the deacon’s death, his bones were uncovered, according to the Athonite custom. His body had decomposed, but his right hand remained intact and was all black. This hand is preserved at the monastery in memory of the unfathomable love of the Mother of God. It is in rather poor condition, however, because Russian pilgrims would take pieces of it, believing it to be a relic. Icon of the Mother of God "Xenophon Hodigitria", Commemorated January 21 ; Venerable Neophytus of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated January 21 ;

Greece, 1350-1390, Gennadius of Vatopedi, steward, oil shortage, MOG trust, overflowing oil, Icon
Greece, 1350-1390, Gennadius of Vatopedi, steward, oil shortage, MOG trust, overflowing oil, Icon; Vatopedi monastery ; Venerable Gennadius of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 17 ; Gennadius was the steward of the Vatopedi monastery on Mt Athos in the fourteenth century, and was in charge of supplies. the monastery’s oil began to run low, he tried to be economical with what remained by using oil just for the needs of the church. The cook began to complain to the Igumen, saying that he had no oil for preparing meals. The Igumen ordered Saint Gennadius to place his trust in the Mother of God, and to supply the oil for all the monastery’s needs. day, Saint Gennadius went to the storeroom and saw the tank overflowing with oil covering the floor as far as the door. This miracle was ascribed to the Most Holy Theotokos, and to Her Elaiovrytissa icon which stood nearby. Since that time, the icon has hung in the storeroom and has emitted an ineffable fragrance. Elaiovrytissa (“Flowing with oil”) Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos is commemorated on Bright Friday.

Greece, 1369-1397, Callistus of Xanthopoulos, historian, Hesychasts d, divine light, faces shine like sun
Greece, Mt Athos, 1369-1397, Callistus of Xanthopoulos m & Magul skete, Mt Athos, near Philotheou, 28 yrs, Gregory of Sinai's story, directions to Hesychasts, divine light, faces shine like sun, died in Serbia; Magul skete on Holy Mount Athos (opposite the monastery of Philotheou) Venerable Callistus Xanthopoulos of Mt Athos, Commemorated November 22 ; Callistus II pursued asceticism at the Magul skete on Holy Mount Athos (opposite the monastery of Philotheou), there for twenty-eight years. was the disciple of Saint Gregory of Sinai (August 8), whose Life he wrote. with his fellow ascetic Ignatius of Xanthopoulos, he compiled the “Directions to Hesychasts in One Hundred Chapters” found in the second part of the Slavonic edition of the Philokalia (English translation in Kadlubovsky and Palmer, Writings from the Philokalia on Prayer of the Heart). their contemporary, Saint Simeon of Thessalonica (September 15) asserts, Saints Callistus and Ignatius of Xanthopoulos beheld the Uncreated Light, as the apostles had done on Mount Tabor. Their faces seemed to “shine like the sun.” 1397 he was elevated to the patriarchal throne, and was hierarch during the days of Manuel Paleologos (1391-1425). agreed to journey to Serbia in order to bring peace to that church, stopping along the way at Mt Athos. There, the Patriarch was told that he would not see his flock again. Upon reaching Serbia, he exchanged this temporal life for life eternal.

Greece, 1375, Virgin Martyrs Parthena +2, Edessa, Greece, Turk Seige, defended but P's father hates her and city
Greece, 1375, Virgin Martyrs Parthena, Domnina, and Neollina, Edessa, Macedonia, Greece, story is only about Parthena, E beseiged by Turks, good defense seige lifting, but P's father betrays city for money, he became muslim, he gave her to Turk Pasha, when P not become muslim, father strips her and turns her over to Turks, buried alive, This story fulfills prophecy Christians will be hated by family, but endurance saves.; Edessa, Macedonia, Greece; Virgin Martyrs Neollina, Domnina, and Parthena, Commemorated on January 12; the first Sunday after Theophany (January 7-13), we celebrate the memory of the Virgin Martyrs Neollina, Domnina and Parthena (Νεολλίνα, Δομνίνα, Παρθένα) of Edessa in the Holy Metropolis of Edessa and Pella. is known about Saints Neollina and Domnina, only about Saint Parthena. Holy Virgin Martyr Parthena came from Edessa in Macedonia and was born in the 14th century. Her life was in accord with her virginal name, for she lived ascetically, and with the utmost modesty. the year 1375 Edessa was besieged by the Turks, the residents put up a strong defense, aided and encouraged by Hieromonk Seraphim, the rector of the cathedral of the Dormition of the Theotokos. enemy was perfectly organized and numerous, but it as it happened, they were preparing to end the siege. the last minute, Peter, one of the city's priests, who was Parthena's father, was paid a large sum of money by the Turkish Pasha, and so he betrayed the city. Turks invaded Edessa on December 26, 1375 from the southeast, where he was on guard, and where one of the major battles for the city took place. its citizens were massacred or sold into slavery; homes were looted, and women were raped. Seraphim was arrested and subjected to severe torments, and then he was drowned in the great waterfall called "Itseri Pasha" (the Pasha's water). traitor Peter, after his heinous act which led to the fall of the city, denied Christ and became a Muslim. if that were not enough, he also gave his daughter Parthena to the Pasha as a concubine, because he was unable to persuade her to deny Christ. hearing her father's words, Saint Parthena, like another Saint Barbara, shuddered, and with spiritual courage she told her wretched father that she would never deny the sweetest name of her heavenly Bridegroom, Jesus Christ. of being put to shame and moved to repentance, he became angry and behaved like a wild beast. He beat the Saint until she was bloody and unconscious. he stripped her and handed her over to the Turks. The soldiers tortured her for three days. In the end, she was led up a hillside, where she was buried alive. To this day, the hill is called Parthena's Hill. shocking as the father's conduct may seem, the Savior predicted that such atrocities would take place: "Brother will deliver up brother to death, and the father his child, and children will rise up against parents and have them put to death; and you will be hated by everyone for my name's sake. But he who endures to the end will be saved" (Matthew 10:21-22). the prayers of the Holy Virgin Martyr Parthena, may the Lord strengthen us to persevere until the end of our earthly lives, and make us worthy of a small corner of Paradise.

Greece, 1398-1426 & 1999, New Martyr Ephriam, Nea Makri, Attica (Corinth&Athens area), story revealed miraculously 500yrs later
Greece, 1398-1426 & 1999, New Martyr Ephriam, Nea Makri, Attica (Corinth and Athens area), , priest men's monastery story revealed miraculously 500 yrs later, withstood extreme Turk tortures, left for dead, tortured again, 500 yrs later 1999 Mother Woman's monastery asked God to show her a martyred saint from the Men's monastery and he did. God told her where to dig. Ephriam told her his story.; Nea Makri; New Martyr Ephraim, Commemorated on January 3; holy New Martyr and wonderworker Ephraim was born in Greece on September 14, 1384. His father died when the saint was young, and his pious mother was left to care for seven children by herself. Ephraim reached the age of fourteen, the all-good God directed his steps to a monastery on the mountain of Amoman near Nea Makri in Attica. monastery was dedicated to the Annunciation and also to Saint Paraskevḗ. he took on his shoulders the Cross of Christ, which all His followers must bear (Matt. 16:24). enflamed with love for God, Saint Ephraim eagerly placed himself under the monastic discipline. For nearly twenty-seven years he imitated the life of the great Fathers and ascetics of the desert. divine zeal, he followed Christ and turned away from the attractions of this world. By the grace of God, he purified himself from soul-destroying passions and became an abode of the All-Holy Spirit. was also found worthy to receive the grace of the priesthood, and served at the altar with great reverence and compunction. September 14, 1425, the barbarous Turks launched an invasion by sea, destroying the monastery and and looting the surrounding area. Ephraim was one of the victims of their frenzied hatred. Many of the monks had been tortured and beheaded, but Saint Ephraim remained calm. infuriated the Turks, so they imprisoned him in order to torture him and force him to deny Christ. locked him in a small cell without food or water, and they beat him every day, hoping to convince him to become a Moslem. several months, he endured horrible torments. the Turks realized that the saint remained faithful to Christ, they decided to put him to death. On Tuesday May 5, 1426, they led him from his cell. They turned him upside down and tied him to a mulberry tree, then they beat him and mocked him. “Where is your God,” they asked, “and why doesn’t he help you?” The saint did not lose courage, but prayed, “O God, do not listen to the words of these men, but may Thy will be done as Thou hast ordained.” barbarians pulled the saint’s beard and tortured him until his strength ebbed. His blood flowed, and his clothes were in tatters. His body was almost naked and covered with many wounds. Still the Hagarenes were not satisfied, but wished to torture him even more. One of them took a flaming stick and plunged it violently into the saint’s navel. His screams were heart-rending, so great was his pain. The blood flowed from his stomach, but the Turks did not stop. They repeated the same painful torments many times. His body writhed, and all his limbs were convulsed. Soon, the saint grew too weak to speak, so he prayed silently asking God to forgive his sins. Blood and saliva ran from his mouth, and the ground was soaked with his blood. Then he lapsed into unconsciousness. that he had died, the Turks cut the ropes which bound him to the tree, and the saint’s body fell to the ground. Their rage was still not diminished, so they continued to kick and beat him. After a while, the saint opened his eyes and prayed, “Lord, I give up my spirit to Thee.” About nine o’clock in the morning, the martyr’s soul was separated from his body. things remained forgotten for nearly 500 years, hidden in the depths of silence and oblivion until January 3, 1950. By then a women’s monastery had sprung up on the site of the old monastery. Makaria (+ April 23, 1999) was wandering through the ruins of the monastery, thinking of the martyrs whose bones had been scattered over that ground, and whose blood had watered the tree of Orthodoxy. She realized that this was a holy place, and she prayed that God would permit her to behold one of the Fathers who had lived there. some time, she seemed to sense an inner voice telling her to dig in a certain spot. She indicated the place to a workman whom she had hired to make repairs at the old monastery. man was unwilling to dig there, for he wanted to dig somewhere else. Because the man was so insistent, Mother Makaria let him go where he wished. She prayed that the man would not be able to dig there, and so he struck rock. Although he tried to dig in three or four places, he met with the same results. Finally, he agreed to dig where the abbess had first indicated. the ruins of an old cell, he cleared away the rubble and began to dig in an angry manner. abbess told him to slow down, for she did not want him to damage the body that she expected to find there. He mocked her because she expected to find the relics of a saint. he reached the depth of six feet, however, he unearthed the head of the man of God. that moment an ineffable fragrance filled the air. The workman turned pale and was unable to speak. Mother Makaria told him to go and leave her there by herself. She knelt and reverently kissed the body. she cleared away more earth, she saw the sleeves of the saint’s rasson. The cloth was thick and appeared to have been woven on the loom of an earlier time. She uncovered the rest of the body and began to remove the bones, which appeared to be those of a martyr. Makaria was still in that holy place when evening fell, so she read the service of Vespers. she heard footsteps coming from the grave, moving across the courtyard toward the door of the church. The footsteps were strong and steady, like those of a man of strong character. The nun was afraid to turn around and look, but then she heard a voice say, “How long are you going to leave me here?” saw a tall monk with small, round eyes, whose beard reached his chest. In his left hand was a bright light, and he gave a blessing with his right hand. Mother Makaria was filled with joy and her fear disappeared. “Forgive me,” she said, “I will take care of you tomorrow as soon as God makes the day dawn.” The saint disappeared, and the abbess continued to read Vespers. the morning after Matins, Mother Makaria cleaned the bones and placed them in a niche in the altar area of the church, lighting a candle before them. That night Saint Ephraim appeared to her in a dream. He thanked her for caring for his relics, then he said, “My name is Saint Ephraim.” From his own lips, she heard the story of his life and martyrdom. Saint Ephraim glorified God in his life and by his death, the Lord granted him the grace of working miracles. who venerate his holy relics with faith and love have been healed of all kinds of illnesses and infirmities, and he is quick to answer the prayers of those who call upon him. Ephraim is also commemorated on May 5. New Martyr Ephraim, Commemorated on May 5;

Greece, 1450-1821, Folder, Ottoman Period

Greece, 1450-1821, Ottoman Greece
Greece, Ottoman Greece 1450-1821 ; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1;

Greece, 1400, 15th Century Folder, Three Hands Icon arrives at Hilander

Greece, 1450-1505, Saint Savva of Ioannina, Epirus, hechycast, never angry, said Humility is cornerstone of spiritual life
Greece, 1450-1505, Saint Savva of Ioannina, Epirus, Greece (Lake Pamvotis), spiritual father Nectarios&Theophanes, +1550&+1554, aristocrat son, loved poverty, lived humble poor hermit, never seen angry, judgmental, or as a person who remembered wrongs. His heart overflowed with humility. He said: “Humility is the solid and indestructible cornerstone upon which the spiritual life is built.” hechycast, no: meat, fish, cheese, or even oil on food; Ioannina (Lake Pamvotis) ; Saint Savva of Ioannina, Commemorated on February 3; is not known where Saint Savva was born. He lived a life of asceticism in the Holy Monastery of the Honorable Forerunner on an island in the lake of Ioannina around the middle of the XV century. was the Spiritual Father of Saints Nektarios (+ 1550) and Theophanes (+ 1544), who were descended from the distinguished Apsaras family of the Byzantine Empire. They are commemorated jointly on May 17. Savva was the son of an aristocratic family, from an early age he loved the poverty of Jesus Christ. Until his last breath, he lived as a humble and poor hermit. one ever saw him angry, judgmental, or as a person who remembered wrongs. His heart overflowed with humility, concerning which he himself said: “Humility is the solid and indestructible cornerstone upon which the spiritual life is built.” was a hechycast, and his ascetical life was very strict. He prayed every night until morning. His food was plain, and he ate very little. No meat, fish, or cheese ever appeared on his table, and he never poured a drop of oil on his food. Savva reposed peacefully in 1505. When he delivered his soul to the Lord, an inexpressible fragrance arose from the tabernacle of his body. The saint was buried in the monastery of Honorable Forerunner. A holy relic of the saint is kept and revered in the Roussanou Monastery of the Transfiguration at Meteora.

Greece, 1457, Three Hands Icon arrives at Hilandar monastery, miraculously on a donkey
Hilandar monastery; Icon of the Mother of God "of the Three Hands" on Mt Athos; Icon of the Mother of God the "Milk-Giver" of the Hilandar Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated July 3 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the Three Hands ÂÂ on Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Damascus, Commemorated on December 4 ; St Daniel II the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated December 20 ; it was time to choose the igumen for the Hilandar monastery on Mount Athos, Saint Daniel received the appointment. The saint was igumen at a most difficult time for the Holy Mountain. After the Crusaders were expelled from Palestine, they joined with the Arabs to plunder and loot the Athonite monasteries, not sparing anything sacred. St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Akathist, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God the œMilkgiverÂÂ, Commemorated on January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God, the "Priestly", Commemorated January 12 ; Hieromartyr Damascene of Hilandar of Mt Athos, Commemorated January 16 ; Venerable Stephen (In Monasticism Simeon), the Myrrhgusher and Prince of Serbia, Commemorated on February 13 ; Venerable Damian of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated February 23 ; Translation of the relics of St Nicephorus the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on March 13 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the AkathistÂÂ, Commemorated on March 27; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; Prophet Isaiah, Commemorated on May 9 ; St Nicodemus the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated on May 11 ; Venerable Paisius of Hilandar, Bulgaria, Commemorated on June 19; Icon of the Mother of God “Of the Three Handsâ€, Commemorated on June 28; Icon of the Mother of God, “Of the Three Handsâ€: In the eighth century during the time of the Iconoclasts, Saint John of Damascus (December 4) was zealous in his veneration of holy icons. Because of this, he was slandered by the emperor and iconoclast Leo III the Isaurian (717-740), who informed the Damascus caliph that Saint John was committing treasonous acts against him. The caliph gave orders to cut off the hand of the monk and take it to the marketplace. Towards evening Saint John, having asked the caliph for the cut-off hand, put it to its joint and fell to the ground before the icon of the Mother of God. The monk begged Our Lady to heal the hand, which had written in defense of Orthodoxy. After long prayer he fell asleep and saw in a dream that the All-Pure Mother of God had turned to him promising him quick healing. this the Mother of God bid him toil without fail with this hand. Having awakened from sleep, Saint John saw that his hand was unharmed. In thankfulness for this healing Saint John placed on the icon a hand fashioned of silver, from which the icon received its name “Of Three Hands.â€ (Some iconographers, in their ignorance, have mistakenly depicted the Most Holy Theotokos with three arms and three hands.) According to Tradition, Saint John wrote a hymn of thanksgiving to the Mother of God: “All of creation rejoices in You, O Full of Grace,â€ which appears in place of the hymn “It is Truly Meetâ€ in the Liturgy of Saint Basil the Great. John Damascene accepted monasticism at the monastery of Saint Savva the Sanctified and there bestowed his wonderworking icon. The Lavra presented the icon “Of Three Handsâ€ in blessing to Saint Savva, Archbishop of Serbia (+ 1237, January 12). During the time of an invasion of Serbia by the Turks, some Christians who wanted to protect the icon, entrusted it to the safekeeping of the Mother of God Herself. They placed it upon a donkey, which without a driver proceeded to Athos and stopped in front of the Hilandar monastery. The monks put the icon in the monastery’s cathedral church (katholikon). During a time of discord over the choice of igumen, the Mother of God deigned to head the monastery Herself, and from that time Her holy icon has occupied the igumen’s place in the temple. At the Hilandar monastery there is chosen only a vicar, and from the holy icon the monks take a blessing for every obedience. Greek usage, this Icon is commemorated on June 28; but on July 12 in Slavic usage. Icon of the Mother of God the œMilk-Giver ÂÂ of the Hilandar Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 3;

Greece, 1500, 16th Century History Folder, Sea Battle of Lepanto, Gulf of Corinth

Greece, 1523, Euthymios oRhodes, Caria, Met of Rhodes 1523, arrested by Turks, impaled on steak wOther clergymen& citizens
Ephesus, 1523, Euthymios of Rhodes, Island of Rhodes, Caria, Met of Rhodes 1523, arrested fConspiracy aTurks, impaled on steak wOther clergymen& leading citizens of Rhodes; Rhodes; Hieromartyr Euthymios of Rhodes, Commemorated on August 9; glorious Hieromartyr Euthymios was elected as the Metropolitan of Rhodes, when the Ottomans occupied the island in 1523. those difficult years, Euthymios shepherded his flock in a God-pleasing manner. 1529, he was arrested as the leader of a conspiracy against the Turks and was impaled on a stake along with other clergymen and leading citizens of Rhodes. Euthymios was honored as a martyr by the Christians immediately after his death. Latin Missionary Peter Fangonis, Vicar General of the Latin Archbishop Alfonso Gonzaga, states in his report to the Roman Catholic Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith the tomb of the blessed Euthymios had become the most prominent site of pilgrimage on Rhodes, that those who went there suffering from the quaternary fever "malaria," and the chills and fever that went with it, were healed.

Greece, 1534-1579, Gerasimus the New, Sepulchre Lamplighter, o by Gerasimus, silence, deliverance, myhrr, incorrupt r
Greece, 1534-1579, Gerasimus the New, Sepulchre Lamplighter, o by Gerasimus, silence, deliverance, myhrr, incorrupt r; Trikkala; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated on August 16 ; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated on October 20; Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia was born in the village of Trikkala in the Peloponessos. a young adult, he became a monk on the island of Zakynthos. the Holy Mountain he became a schemamonk and studied with the ascetics of Mt Athos. a blessing from the Elders, the monk went to Jerusalem to worship at the Life-bearing Tomb of the Savior. visiting many holy places in Jerusalem, Mount Sinai, Antioch, Damascus, Alexandria and Egypt, he returned to Jerusalem where he became a lamp-lighter at the Sepulchre of the Lord. monk was ordained a deacon and then a priest by the Patriarch of Jerusalem, Germanus (1534-1579). Gerasimus maintained the discipline of an ascetic. For soltitude he withdrew to the Jordan, where he spent forty days without respite. received the Patriarch’s blessing for a life of silence, Saint Gerasimus withdrew to Zakynthos in solituide, eating only vegetation. five years he was inspired to go the the island of Cephalonia, where he lived in a cave. restored a church at Omala, and he founded a women’s monastery where he lived in constant toil and vigil for thirty years. prayed on bent knees stretched out on the ground. For his exalted life he was granted a miraculous gift: the ability to heal the sick and cast out unclean spirits. 71 years of age, the venerable Gerasimus knew that he would soon die. He gave his blessing to the nuns and peacefully fell asleep in the Lord on August 15, 1579. years later, his grave was opened and his holy relics were found fragrant and incorrupt with a healing power. the Feast of the Dormition falls on August 15, Saint Gerasimus is commemorated on August 16th. Today’s Feast celebrates the uncovering of his holy relics in 1581.

Greece, 1551, Hieromartyr Nicodemus of Meteora (Plain of Thessaly, Six Monasteries, like Mt Athos), suffered in 1551
Greece, 1551, Hieromartyr Nicodemus of Meteora (Plain of Thessaly, Six Monasteries, like Mt Athos), suffered in 1551; Meteora (Like Mt Athos, Six Monasteries, Plain of Thessaly, on the Pineios River); Hieromartyr Nicodemus of Meteora, Commemorated August 16 ; Nicodemus of Meteora struggled in Thessaly, and suffered in the year 1551.

Greece, 1568, Damian of Philotheou monastery, Mt Athos, Dometius' disciple, voice telling him to teach in Greece
Greece, Mt Athos, 1568, Damian of Philotheou monastery, Mt Athos, Dometius' disciple, voice telling him to teach in Greece, repent of sins, arrested by Turks, prison, tortured, hanged, burned; Philotheou monastery; Monkmartyr Damian of Philotheou, Commemorated February 23 ; Damian of Philotheou was a disciple of Saint Dometius (August 7). was from the village of Richovon (Merichovon) near Agrapha. went to Mt. Athos when he was quite young, and received the monastic tonsure at Philotheou Monastery. After spending some time there, he withdrew to a hermitage under the guidance of an Elder named Dometius. three years, he heard a voice telling him to go forth and teach. He obeyed these instructions, preaching in many areas of Greece. He urged his fellow Christians to repent of their sins, to abstain from all vices, to obey God’s commandments, and to devote themselves to God-pleasing works. he was on his way to a village, Saint Damian was arrested by the Turks and thrown into prison. After fifteen days of torture, he was hanged and then thrown into a fire. Saint Damian received the crown of martyrdom on February 23, 1568.

Greece, 1568, Dometius oPhilotheou monastery, Mt Athos, persued silence, wDamien, cruel Turk tortures
Greece, Mt Athos, 1568, Philotheou monastery, Mt Athos, persued silence, wDamien, cruel Turk tortures; Philotheou monastery; Venerable Dometius of Philotheou, Mount Athos, Commemorated on August 7; Dometius was an Athonite Elder. pursued silence at the Philotheou monastery together with the Hieromartyr Damian of Philotheou (February 23), suffered under cruel tortures by the Turks in the year 1568.

Greece, 1571, Sea Battle of Lepanto, Gulf of Corinth, HRE over Turks
Corinth, 1571, Sea Battle of Lepanto, Gulf of Corinth (Lepanto) ; Sea Battle of Lepanto (in Gulf of Lepanto now known as Gulf of Corinth); GILBERT KEITH CHESTERTON, APOLOGIST and WRITER, 1936, Commemorated June 12 ;

Greece, 1600, 17th Century Folder, Quick to Hear Icon and New Martyrs

Greece, 1617, Nicholas of Metsovo, Epirus, islam conversion repented, burned, divine light fSkull
Greece, 1617, New Martyr Nicholas of Metsovo, Epirus, Greece (Metsovon, Arachthos River 1), devout parents, tBaker iTrikkala, Thessaly, embraced Islam, realized gravity returned home, wood to T fExtra Money, recognized bBarber, not dressed as Turk, free wood tKeep secret, long time, conscience, became martyr, priest strengthened him, denounced by barber, admitted Islam conversion but repented returned Christian, intended die as C, Kadi usual flattery, threats, then beaten thrown prison, no food water some time, twice more tKadi, death sentence, large fire endured, escaped Ghenna, money for skull, hid in wall, bright light 1618, skull to Barlaam Monastery at Meteora fT, St Nik tVlach; Metsovon (Metsovo); New Martyr Nicholas of Metsovo, Commemorated on May 16; Basdanis was born at Metsovo, Epeiros to poor, but devout Orthodox parents. a young man he went to Trikkala in Thessaly, where he worked as the assistant of a Moslem baker. there, some Turks tried to convert him to their religion. Yielding to their persistent efforts, he embraced Islam. realizing the gravity of his sin, he returned to Metsovo, and to the Orthodox Church. earned some extra money by taking wood to Trikkala and selling it. This went on for some time, but one day He was recognized by a Moslem barber, who was a friend of the baker. barber wondered why Nicholas was no longer dressed as a Turk. with fear, Nicholas gave him the load of wood, promising to bring him more wood every year, if he would keep his secret. The barber agreed, and things continued that way for a long time. was troubled by his conscience, however, and believed that the only way to atone for his denial of Christ was to become a martyr. spoke of this to his Spiritual Father at the monastery of Meteora, who advised him not to be too hasty in carrying out his intention, lest he should be unable to endure the inevitable torture, and deny Christ once again. that Nicholas was determined to pursue this course, the priest strengthened him spiritually for the contest. Nicholas felt he was ready, he returned to Trikkala to see the barber. The man asked him about the wood he had promised to bring, and Nicholas told him that he had none. Furthermore, he would not be receiving any wood in future. barber became angry and denounced Nicholas to the authorities, saying that he had rejected Islam. barber summoned other Turks to take Nicholas to the kadi for interrogation. answer to the kadi's questions, Nicholas admitted freely that he had converted to Islam, but then he repented and returned to his Christian Faith. he told the Moslems that he was born a Christian, and that he intended to die as a Christian, no matter how much they might torture him. kadi tried the usual flattery and promises of riches in order to persuade him to return to their religion. this failed, the kadi threatened him with horrible torments and death if he did not relent. refused, and so he was beaten and thrown into prison, where he received nothing to eat or drink for some time. more, Saint Nicholas was brought before the kadi with the same results. Seeing that he could not be persuaded, the kadi sentenced him to death. large fire was lit in the marketplace, and the holy martyr was thrown into it on May 16, 1617. Thus, by enduring this fire, Saint Nicholas escaped the fire of Gehenna. a pious Christian went to that place, hoping to obtain relics. Since the Saint's body was being guarded, the man had to pay a large sum of money to obtain the skull. He took it home and hid it inside a wall so the Moslems would not find it. time, an Orthodox Christian named Melandros bought the house. the night of May 17, 1618, he noticed a bright light shining from the wall of one of the rooms. the morning, he opened the wall and found the skull of the New Martyr Nicholas. brought this treasure to Barlaam Monastery at Meteora, where his brother was a monk, and donated the holy relic to the monastery in remembrance of himself, and of his family. Holy New Martyr Nicholas, who is also known as Saint Nicholas the Vlach, is commemorated on May 17 in Greek usage.

Greece, 1651, Nilus t Myrrhgusher of Mt Athos, raised by Macarius, relics curative myrrh, accurate prophecies
Greece, Mt Athos, 1651, Nilus the Myrrhgusher of Mt Athos (The Holy Mountain), Macedonia, Greece, raised by uncle hieromonk Macarius, attained hieromonk, Holy Rocks on Mt A, abundant flow curative myrrh from his relics, left accurate 20th century prophecies ; Mount Athos ; Athonite monasteries ; Venerable Nilus the Myrrhgusher of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 12 ; Nilus the Myrrh-Gusher of Mt Athos was born in Greece, in a village named for Saint Peter, in the Zakoneia diocese. was raised by his uncle, the hieromonk Macarius. attained the age of maturity, he received monastic tonsure and was found worthy of ordination to hierodeacon, and then to hieromonk. desire for greater monastic struggles brought uncle and nephew to Mt Athos, where Macarius and Nilus lived in asceticism at a place called the Holy Rocks. the repose of Saint Macarius, the venerable Nilus, aflame with zeal for even more intense spiritual efforts, found an isolated place almost inaccessible for any living thing. his departure to the Lord in 1651, Saint Nilus was glorified by an abundant flow of curative myrrh, for which Christians journeyed from the most distant lands of the East. Nilus has left a remarkably accurate prophecy concerning the state of the Church in the mid-twentieth century, and a description of the people of that time. the inventions he predicted are the telephone, airplane, and submarine. also warned that people’s minds would be clouded by carnal passions, “and dishonor and lawlessness will grow stronger.” would not be distinguishable from women because of their “shamelessness of dress and style of hair.” Nilus lamented that Christian pastors, bishops and priests, would become vain men, and that the morals and traditions of the Church would change. pious and God-fearing pastors would remain, and many people would stray from the right path because no one would instruct them.

Greece, 1652, John of Thasos, Macedonia, aprentice tailor, seized by turks for insulting Moslems, no conversion, beheaded
Greece, 1652, John of Thasos, Macedonia, 18 yr old aprentice tailor, seized by turks for insulting Moslems, no conversion, beheaded; Thasos; New-martyr John of Thasos, Commemorated December 20 ; New Martyr John of Thasos was from the village of Marias on the island of Thasos. In his youth he was brought to Constantinople and apprenticed to a tailor. day he was seized by the Turks and accused of insulting the Moslem religion. They tried to force him to accept Islam, but he would not agree to renounce the Christian Faith, for which he was beheaded at the age of eighteen in the year 1652.

Greece, 1664, Quick to Hear Icon, Docheiariou monastery, Mt Athos, smoke darkening, blinded, MOG quick to hear
Docheiariou monastery; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ; Monkmartyr James of Prodromou on Mt Athos, Commemorated November 1 ; Venerable Euthymius the Co-Founder of Dochiariou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 9 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Quick to Hear", Commemorated November 9 ; wonderworking "Quick to Hear" Icon of the Mother of God is kept at Dokheiarίou Monastery on Mount Athos, and is believed to date from the XI century, during the time of Saint Neophytos, the Igoumen of the Monastery. the wonderworking Portaitissa Icon, the most famous Icon on Mount Athos is an ancient fresco of the Panagia located outside on the east wall of the trapeza, and to the right of the entrance. 1664 the Monk Neilos, the steward of the trapeza, often passed before the Icon holding a lit torch in his hand so he could carry out his duties in the trapeza. One day, he heard a voice say to him: "Do not come this way again with your torches, darkening my Icon with smoke." did not pay much attention to the voice, thinking that someone was playing a joke on him. It was not long before he heard the voice again saying, "O monk, unworthy of the name, how long will you continue to darken my Icon with smoke?" hearing the voice, Neilos was struck blind. Then he remembered that he had heard the voice before, and realized that he deserved this punishment, for he did not heed the command of the Mother of God, but had ignored it in his ignorance. next morning, the brethren found him laying on the floor of the corridor before the Icon, unable to see them. When they learned why Neilos had been punished, the monks were terrified. From that time on, they passed by the Icon with great reverence, and hung an unsleeping lamp before it. however, did not want to return to his cell. He remained before the Icon in a stasidi, calling upon the Theotokos with tears and lamentations to forgive him for the sin he had committed. He begged her to restore his sight, as a sign of her forgiveness, so that he might gaze upon her Icon and glorify her. was not disappointed in his hopes, for the Mother of God heard the prayers of her repentant servant. He heard her voice a third time, saying, "Monk, your prayer has been heard. You are forgiven, and you shall receive your sight again. Declare to the other Fathers and brethren who struggle here that I am the Mother of God, and that after God, I am the shelter and help and mighty protector of this Monastery of the Archangels, providing for it as its defender and guide. From now on, let the monks come to me for all their needs, and I will hear them quickly, as well as all Orthodox Christians who come to me with reverence, for I am called Quick to Hear." soon this miracle and the promise of the Theotokos became known throughout the Holy Mountain, and monks from the other Monasteries came to Dokheiarίou to venerate the Icon, and to see the monk who had regained his sight. The corridor was closed off and a chapel was built to house the "Quick to Hear" Icon. One of the most devout and accomplished Hieromonks is appointed to be present in the chapel. He is known as the prosmonarios, and he is there most of the time to chant Canons of Supplication before the Icon, which he censes every evening and morning, tending the chapel, and trimming the oil lamps. "Quick to Hear" Icon venerated not only on the Holy Mountain, but also by Orthodox Christians all over the world. Countless miracles of healing are worked by the Mother of God through her Holy Icon. The blind receive their sight, paralytics are healed, barren women conceive children, and captives are set free when they approach the Theotokos with faith and reverence. copy of the "Quick to Hear Icon" was painted on Mount Athos and was sent as a gift from the Russian and other devout monks of the Holy Mountain to Archbishop Tikhon (later Patriarch of Moscow) of the Aleutian Islands and North America. May of 1906 that copy of the famous "Quick to Hear” Icon at Dokheiarίou Monastery was carried to Saint Tikhon's Monastery (in Walmart, PA) in a solemn Cross Procession, along with several others, including one of the Holy Great Martyr and Healer Panteleimon. relics of several saints were placed in the Icon. These include the Holy Great Martyr Theodore Stratēlátēs (Feb. 8), Saints Cosmas and Damian the Unmercenary Physicians, Saint Gregory Palamas, Archbishop of Thessaloniki (Nov. 14), and the Holy New Martyr Constantine of Mount Athos, who was born on the island of Hydra and suffered at the hands of the Turks on the island of Rhodes on November 14, 1800. "Quick to Hear" Icon is now on the iconostasis of Saint Tikhon's Monastery church.

Greece, 1669, Deposition of Joseph's relics, incorrupt emitting divine fragrance, holiness discovered after death
Greece, 1669, Gaitanios, Zakynthos, Deposition of the Holy Relics of Saint Joseph Samakos the Sanctified, his holiness only discovered when his relics recovered, incorrupt emitting divine fragrance, miracleworker rep established after death, plus blind&deaf healings; Gaitanios, Zakynthos; Deposition of the Holy Relics of Saint Joseph Samakos the Sanctified (1669), Commemorated on August 29; Joseph the Sanctified reposed on January 22, 1511 when he was about seventy years old, and was buried in his monastery. holiness was recognized at the recovery of his relics, because they were found incorrupt and emitting a divine fragrance. were deposited in the katholikon of the monastery. after his death he established his reputation as a miracle worker. There were continuous miracles where many sick persons were healed, including the blind and possessed. 1669 the Ottomans occupied Heraklion in Crete, and so the devout clergyman Anthony Armakis transferred the sacred relics of Saint Joseph to Zakynthos on August 29, 1669 and placed them in the Monastery of Saint John of Mantineos in Xerobounia. There the Saint's relics remained until 1915, when they were placed in the parish church of the Pantokrator at Gaitanios, Zakynthos.

Greece, 1680, New Martyr Stamatius of Volos, Thessaly, accused of accepting Islam, confessed, beheaded
Volos, Thessaly; New Martyr Stamatius of Volos, Commemorated August 16 ; New Martyr Stamatius was a native of the city of Volos, Thessaly. They accused him of accepting Islam, but he bravely confessed himself a Christian and was beheaded by the sword at Constantinople in 1680.

Greece, 1700, 18th Century Folder, Kollyvades Movement

Greece, 1710-1720, New Martyr Auxentius, from Epirus, G encouraged martyrdom but first a monk, beheaded, d light, myrrh
Greece, 1710-1720, New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, from Ioannina Region, Epirus, Greece, furrier in C, sinful sailor, moslem traitors accused him of embracing Islam, small boat, desire for Martyrdom, Fr Gregory of Xeropotamou got in his boat, encouraged martyrdom but first become a monk, returned to old ship, beaten w iron bar, eye and teeth, urged viser to become christian, beheaded, heavenly light, sweet fragrance; Ioannina Region; New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, Commemorated January 25 ; holy New Martyr Auxentius was born in 1690 in the diocese of Vellas, part of the Metropolitan district of Ioannina in Greece. When he was a young man, he moved to Constantinople with his parents and became a furrier. he left his trade and went to work on the ships, leading a sinful life in pursuit of worldly pleasures. His Moslem coworkers turned against him and accused him of denying Christ to embrace Islam. Fearing that they would denounce him to the captain of the ship, Auxentius jumped ship and returned to Constantinople. bought a small boat and earned his living with it. He began to regret his previous conduct, and the desire for martyrdom grew within him. One day, a monk got into his boat in order to cross the water. This was Father Gregory, a monk of Xeropotamou Monastery on Mt. Athos. revealed to Father Gregory his desire to be a martyr for Christ. The wise monk praised his desire, but urged caution lest he should weaken under torture and deny Christ. He recommended that Auxentius move to a quiet place and become a monk. Heeding Father Gregory’s advice, Auxentius continued to work with his boat for a time, giving most of his money to the poor, and living as an ascetic. often prayed at the church of the Life-Giving Fountain, asking God to give him strength to become a martyr. Then he returned to his old ship, where his former shipmates began to beat him. They dragged him before the kadi, stating that he had converted to Islam, but then returned to Christianity. said, “I was, and am, an Orthodox Christian. I am prepared to suffer thousands of tortures for the sake of Christ.” furious Hagarenes began to beat Auxentius with an iron bar. He lost an eye and several teeth as a result. He remained steadfast in confessing Christ, in spite of all the tortures that were inflicted upon him, and absolutely refused to become a Moslem. Gregory went to see Auxentius in prison, and was asked to bring him Holy Communion on his next visit. The monk did this, also urging him to remain strong in the Orthodox Faith. holy martyr was brought before the vizier, who urged him to respect Islam as good and true, instead of treating it with contempt. Saint Auxentius answered that he would never abandon his faith. In fact, he even urged the vizier to become a Christian. This enraged the vizier, and he sentenced Auxentius to death. praying for all Orthodox Christians, and for the whole world, Saint Auxentius was beheaded on January 25, 1720 at 9:00 A.M. Two days later, a heavenly light was seen by Christians and Moslems, shining on the body of the martyr. sultan’s tailor, an Orthodox Christian named Michael, went to the sultan and asked for the body. Patriarch Jeremiah III accompanied the body to the Church of the Life-Giving Fountain for the funeral and burial. years later, when the saint’s relics were exhumed, a sweet fragrance came forth from them.

Greece, 1722, Nikodemos of Albania, wMt Athos, bk tConfess wGod's power, no fear, survived precipice, incorrupt fragrant relics
Albania, 1722, Nikodemos of Albania, raised christian, became moslem, forced children follow, except one son who went Mt Athos, traveled M A in anger, but repented there and became monk, strict fast 3 yrs, weeping, begging, desire go back confess there, Akakios oKausokalyvia for instructions, addressed him by name not knowing him, withdrew to pray, light fHeaven shining like star on face, take tStaff before pasha, power oGod you will complete martyrdom well, ready to leave but weak fFasting, asked break fast, no, now more tEver must fast, walk much as yCan, Lord wStrengthen walk wEase, I fear deamons however, Fear God, Demons no authority of their own, hope Christ help you witness tHim, survived being pushed off precipice, Turks tortured 3days&nights, beheaded, showing no sign of fear, incorrupt fragrant relics still preserved, relics Skete St Anne; Albania, Albania lies between latitudes 39 and 43 N, and mostly between longitudes 19 and 21E ; New Monastic Martyr Νikόdēmos of Albania, Commemorated on July 11; New Monastic Martyr Νikόdēmos came from Elbasan, a town of Epirus (Albania) was raised by devout parents. he reached a suitable age, he married a Christian woman and they had several children. he associated with Turks, he was influenced by them and became a Moslem. even forced his children to follow his example, for one son, who was abducted by certain Christians and sent to Mount Athos. There he was tonsured as a monk. for the young man in order to convert him to Islam, the wretched father learned that he was on the Holy Mountain. traveled to Athos in great anger, vowing to cause serious trouble for the monasteries if he found his son there. Who desires that all may be saved, effected his salvation in a marvelous way. of finding his son and converting him, he himself came to his senses and repented. both Islam and the world, he became a monk at the Skete of Saint Anne, in the Kalyva (isolated cell) of the Ascension, with the new name of Νikόdēmos. repentance was such that he kept a strict fast for three years, weeping and begging God to forgive his terrible sin of apostasy. day he heard some of the Fathers saying that whoever denies Christ must go back to the same place and confess Him before men. that moment, he burned with a desire for martyrdom. he prepared himself through asceticism, fasting, and prayer. of Saint Akakios (April 12) of the Skete of Kausokalyvia [Καυσοκαλύβια], Νikόdēmos visited him in order to receive his blessing and his instructions. soon as Νikόdēmos beheld the Saint, he fell down at his feet and wept for a long time. Akakios took him by the hand and addressed him by name, although he did not know him. him up, he comforted him. Then he withdrew for a short distance and began to pray. who were present saw a light from Heaven, shining like a star, which illumined the Saint's face. he turned to Νikόdēmos and whispered something to him, and then the radiance disappeared. with contrition and by divine grace, Νikόdēmos cried out with a loud voice. Then he went into the cave and wept for a considerable time. he returned to Saint Akakios and asked for his blessing to go forth to martyrdom. him and placing a staff in his hand, the Saint said, "Take this staff and go before the pasha. By the power of God, you will complete your martyrdom well." Νikόdēmos took the staff, and was ready to leave at once to achieve his goal. weakened by fasting, he was not capable of walking all the way back to Elbasan. Therefore, he asked Saint Akakios if he might break his fast in order to strengthen himself for the journey. Saint replied, "Now, more than ever, you must fast, Brother, for soon you will be struggling for Christ. Walk as much as you can, and the Lord Who said 'Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds from the mouth of God' (Matthew 4:4), shall strengthen you to walk with ease." Martyr answered, "O Father, by your prayers, may our Lord Jesus Christ have mercy on me, and enable me to confess the good confession (I Timothy 6:12). I fear the demons, however." Akakios chided him, "Fear God, Brother, and not the demons who have no authority of their own over us. place all your hope in Christ, not only to vanquish the demons, but also to help you in bearing witness to Him." this, Νikόdēmos wept tears of joy. down to the ground and kissing the Saint's feet, he received his blessing and went on his way. he was still on the Holy Mountain, the Lord appeared to Νikόdēmos and encouraged him. He revealed all the trials that he would face, and even the site of his execution. by Christ, Νikόdēmos arrived at Elbasan. he was recognized by the Turks, arrested, and brought before the pasha, who tried to make him return to Islam. Νikόdēmos rejected the religion of the Turks and courageously confessed Christ. they took him to a high precipice and pushed him off. Miraculously, he floated down gently and landed on his feet. to the palace, he appeared before the pasha, who was terrified to see him alive. almost released Νikόdēmos, but fearing the mob of Turks, he turned the Martyr over to them. They tortured him for three days and nights before leading him to the place of execution. Along the way, they made him kneel several times, as if they intended to behead him. they reached the place which the Lord had revealed to him, Christ's Martyr showed no sign of fear. He bent his neck and was beheaded with a sword, and his soul went to Heaven with the crown of martyrdom on July 11, 1722. After the Saint's martyrdom, Christians buried him in the church of the Theotokos, his incorrupt and fragrant relics are still preserved, working miracles for those who run to him with faith. piece of his relics is also kept in the Skete of Saint Anne, where there is a manuscript with his Church Service. A new Service was composed by the monk John Danielidis and others.

Greece, 1732-1778, Rousseau, enlightenment, modern political thought, Facism, Naziism, Communism, democracy, progressive
Switzerland, 1732-1778, Rousseau, enlightenment, modern political, social thought, Facism, Naziism, Communism, democracy, progressive; Rousseau; 28 June 1712 - 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer. His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution and the development of modern political, economic and educational thought.[1] Discourse on Inequality and The Social Contract are cornerstones in modern political and social thought. Rousseau's sentimental novel Julie, or the New Heloise (1761) was important to the development of preromanticism and romanticism in fiction.[2][3] His Emile, or On Education (1762) is an educational treatise on the place of the individual in society. Rousseau's autobiographical writings—the posthumously published Confessions (composed in 1769), which initiated the modern autobiography, and the unfinished Reveries of the Solitary Walker (composed 1776–1778)—exemplified the late-18th-century "Age of Sensibility", and featured an increased focus on subjectivity and introspection that later characterized modern writing. befriended fellow philosopher Denis Diderot in 1742, and would later write about Diderot's romantic troubles in his Confessions. During the period of the French Revolution, Rousseau was the most popular of the philosophers among members of the Jacobin Club. He was interred as a national hero in the Panthéon in Paris, in 1794, 16 years after his death. Absolved From Being Good-Mannered: The Romantic Totalitarianism of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, May 20, 2021 ;

Greece, 1740-1750, Athanasius oEpirus, Greece, saves sis from Musa, bears torture, M impressed, sees angels, becomes monk
Greece, 1740-1750, Athanasius oEpirus, Greece, Turk Musa wants beaity sis, A fights h off, A bears torture, Musa impressed, sees angels, wants tb christian, not yet to protect Cs, later becomes monk on Corfu, founds church; Epirus Region Greece; New Martyr Anastasius of Epirus, Commemorated on November 18; Anastasius and his sister were mid-18th century peasants living in Epirus during Ottoman times. a band of Turks entered their village, its leader, Musa, was struck by the beauty of Anastasius' sister and tried to seize her, but Anastasius fought off the Turks, enabling his sister to escape. a result, Anastasius was arrested, imprisoned, and tortured in an effort to get him to deny the Christian faith. by the manner in which Anastasius bore his sufferings, Musa wanted to know more about the faith that sustained him. secretly to Anastasius' cell, Musa saw two young men of shining appearance with Anastasius, but they vanished when Musa entered. told him that these were angels who guard every Christian, especially when they suffer for Christ. also explained the Gospel of Jesus Christ and how it had inspired him and others to place little value on worldly things. response, Musa expressed his desire to embrace Christianity. told him to wait until the proper time, because his conversion would bring about a persecution of the region's Christians. few days later, in 1750, Anastasius was beheaded by order of Musa's father, the Pasha. Musa was granted a vision of Anastasius encircled in light, who urged him to continue on the road to Christ. fled his father's domain to the Peleponnese where he was instructed in the faith by an aged ascetic. he was baptized, he became a monk on Corfu, receiving the monastic name of Daniel, and founded a church dedicated in honor of Saint Anastasius.

Greece, 1750 18th Century, Sophronius oSt Anne Skete, left on wedding night for Mt Athos, 50 yrs, died in peace
Greece, Mt Athos, 1750 18th Century, Sophronius oSt Anne Skete - near the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos, left on wedding night for Mt Athos, 50 yrs, died in peace; Skete of St Anne: a skete to the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos; Venerable Sophronius of Saint Anne Skete, Mount Athos, Commemorated on August 18; Sophronius lived in the eighteenth century. left home on his wedding night and became a monk on Mount Athos. living there for fifty years, he died in peace.

Greece, 1751-1805, Macarius ofCorinth, Kollvades, Mystic, Spriitual Writer, Philokalia
Greece, 1751-1805, Macarius ofCorinth, Kollvades, Mystic, Spriitual Write; of Corinth [birth name: Macarius Notaras ( was born in Corinth in 1731 and died in Chios in April 1805. Macarius as Metropolitan bishop of Corinth, was a mystic and spiritual writer who worked to revive and mostly sustain the Orthodox Church under Turkish rule. is most famous for working with St. Nicodemus of the Holy Mountain in collecting and compiling the ascetic text of the Philokalia.[1] 1 Prayer of the Heart 2 Beauty shall save the World 3 See also 4 References 5 External links of the Heart his friend St. Nicodemus, Makarios compiled the five tomes of the Philokalia that were first published in Venice in 1782. It was the publication of these sacred and spiritual texts that lead to a renewal of the hesychast movement within the Orthodox. shall save the World term used Philokalia (love of the beautiful) for the texts, was to enshrine the history of the Jesus Prayer (the Prayer of the heart) and the spiritual practice of this is called Hesychasm. It is this love of beauty that revives and gives faith to the hopeless. history of the prayer begins with its earliest fathers including St Anthony the Great and the text ends with St Gregory Palamas. The title conveys the contemplative tradition. In that it teaches understanding of the inner or mystical Kingdom of God within each person. The spirit of God is an ember, one must cultivate the ember into an open fire. This perpetual fire burns in the heart, in love for all things, which is to share in the energy of God, which is love. (Leviticus 9:24) is within the Philokalia that one learns how to properly navigate through the passions and depravity of existence called the World. object of contemplation being "the love of beauty" or infinite beauty which is God. For if existence was truly evil it could not contain nor express beauty. This expression conveys the truth about the divine (ascetic) life and purpose which the heart learns through practise of the Prayer. Which is called Hesychasm. in his energies is love. It is this beauty, the Russian philosophers held, that would "will save the World".[2] Corinth; Venerable Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on August 18 ; Venerable Makarius of Corinth, Commemorated on April 17; Makarios was born in Trikala, of Corinth in 1731, to devout parents who were descended from the famous Notaras family of Constantinople. His father’s name was George and his mother’s was Anastasia. In Baptism he received the name Michael. His teacher in Kephalonia was named Eustathios. Michael was very zealous for the solitary life, and so he left his parents’ house in secret, and went to the Great Cave Monastery. The Monastery was so named because it is the largest monastery of the Peloponnesos, and it was built in front of a cave. His father discovered where he was, however, and had Michael sent back home, where he spent much of his time studying the Divine Scriptures and other edifying books. Corinth had lacked a teacher for a long time, Michael taught the young people for six years without payment. Even when he was very young, it was apparent that he did not care for the material things of this world, but only for spiritual treasures. When his father appointed him as the supervisor of an area where he could become very wealthy, he gave his money to the poor, and his father scolded him. excelled as a teacher, and the Corinthians loved him for his exemplary way of life. After the death of His godfather Archbishop Parthenios of Corinth in 1764, they suggested to Patriarch Samuel of Constantinople that he appoint Michael, who was then a layman, as his successor. Thus, he passed through the various degrees of ordination and was consecrated as Archbishop of Corinth by Patriarch Samuel. blessed one did not seek the hierarchal office for power, or as a means of acquiring wealth, but out of his paternal concern for the security and the salvation of his flock, for which he would have to render an account to the Lord and God of all. He rid the Church of corrupt and ineffectual priests and replaced them with priests who were virtuous and qualified. Those who were not qualified were sent to monasteries to be educated and trained how to serve. the Russo-Turkish War began in 1768, Archbishop Makarios was forced to flee to Zakynthos with his family, and from there to Hydra, where he lived in a monastery. When things settled down, the Holy Synod of Constantinople chose a new Archbishop of Corinth, perhaps because Archbishop Makarios had abandoned his See.1 visited Hydra and from there he went to Chios. From Chios he went to Mount Athos, fulfilling his persistent and praiseworthy desire to visit the Holy Mountain and to experience its way of life. When the divine Makarios arrived on Mount Athos in 1777, he settled in the kelli2 of Saint Anthony, which belonged to his compatriot Elder David. There he met Saint Nikodemos the Hagiorite once again. At that time, the Athonite community was divided by quarrels and controversies over Memorial Services and kollyva. The reason for the dispute was a disagreement about when the departed ought to be commemorated in church. Church’s Tradition is to have services for the departed on Saturdays, and that Memorial Services are not permitted on Sundays or Feast Days. Hence, disputes arose out of the intense quarrels and contradictions which also extended to other areas of Church life. The situation there saddened the hierarch. Because of the riots and disturbances on the Holy Mountain, he feared for his own life, and so he returned to Chios. After remaining there for a brief time, he departed for Patmos. his stay in Patmos, the Saint sought a permanent residence, and since he was attracted by the location, he founded the Sacred Kathisma3 of All Saints in 1782. the Saint’s father reposed, his two brothers wanted him to act as executor of his will. Saint Makarios gave everything to his brothers without keeping anything for himself. Then he returned to Chios to obtain some letters of recommendation, and went to Smyrna to meet with Prince John Maurogordatos of Moldovo-Vlakhia.4 The Prince knew Saint Makarios by reputation, and therefore he received him with reverence and respect for him as a man of God. Not only was he happy to show him hospitality in his home, but Maurogordatos also contributed money for the publication of The Philokalia, and for the publication of the Holy Catechism of Metropolitan Platon of Moscow. Smyrna the Saint returned to Chios. He chose his place of residence at the church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul in the north-northwestern edges of Vrontados at the foot of Aippus. He found spiritual peace with Saint Athanasios Parios (who wrote his Life), Saints Nikephoros and Niphon of Chios, Gregory of Nisyros, and Athanasios of Armenia, all of whom had left the Holy Mountain several years earlier, because of the disturbances and scandals over Memorial Services. Makarios remained in his hermitage on Chios for the rest of his life (1790-1805), engaging in severe ascetical struggles, practicing interior prayer, writing books, confessing and counseling people, instructing them in the Faith, inspiring them to virtue, and helping those in need. also prepared several individuals who had denied Christ to go back to the place where they had done this, and confess that they only worshiped Christ, the true God. Of course, the Turks put these New Martyrs to death when they heard such talk, so he encouraged the martyrs by his words, and strengthened them by prayer and fasting, so that they would not lose their courage and deny Christ again. Makarios departed to the Lord on April 17, 1805. His honorable body was buried in the courtyard of the church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul on the south side. The recovery of his relics took place in 1808. It has been suggested that Saint Makarios was replaced because the Turks thought that he encouraged the Greeks in their desire to revolt. In any case, the Saint retained his rank and was permitted to serve unhindered anywhere he wished. A Kelli is a monk’s cell, or a monastic establishment consisting of a building with a chapel in it, and some surrounding land. Usually it is occupied by three monks. In an Orthodox context, a Kathisma refers to a division of the Psalter, a chair or seat, or a monastic establishment, perhaps a type of hermitage. This region is now part of modern Romania. St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24; Athanasius Parios, the distinguished theologian and great teacher of the Greek nation, was born in the village of Kostos on the island of Paros around 1721—1722. His father, Apostolos Toulios, was from Siphnos, and his mother was a native of Paros. future saint was a leading member of the Kollyvades movement which began on Mount Athos in the middle of the eighteenth century. The movement derives its name from the koliva (boiled wheat) which is used during memorial services. Its proponents were Athonite monks who adhered strictly to holy Tradition, and were opposed to unwarranted innovations. They were in favor of the frequent reception of Holy Communion, and they practiced unceasing prayer of the heart. They insisted that memorial services should not be performed on Sundays, because that is the day of the Lord’s Resurrection. In the Orthodox Church Saturday is the usual day for the commemoration of the dead. Athanasius went to Mount Athos in 1752. There he was ordained to the holy priesthood by Saint Macarius of Corinth (April 17), but was forced to leave the Holy Mountain when some of the monks rose in opposition to the Kollyvades. The righteous one was unjustly slandered for his views on frequent Communion and for his opposition to memorial services on Sundays. the result of personal attacks and intrigues against him, Saint Athanasius was suspended from exercising his priestly office from 1776—1781, and was even accused of being a heretic. When the charges against him were later proven to be absurd and unfounded, his suspension was lifted, and he was restored to his former rank. Athanasius knew and influenced many of his fellow Kollyvades, such as Saint Macarius of Corinth, Saint Nikēphóros of Chios (May 1), Saint Arsenius of Paros (January 31), and Saint Nikodemos of the Holy Mountain (July 14). He taught Saint Nikēphóros, and he encouraged Saint Nikodemos to publish a collection of the writings of Saint Gregory Palamas (November 14). Unfortunately, his manuscript was lost before it could be printed. teaching at the Athonias Academy and in Thessalonica, Saint Athanasius journeyed to the island of Chios in 1788, where he taught in the gymnasium for twenty-five years, and also served as Director of schools. He was a leading educator and distinguished theologian who revived the art of eloquent speech on Chios by teaching logic, rhetoric, metaphysics, and theology. His TREATISE ON RHETORIC, an analysis of some of the orations of Demosthenes, was a most influential work. Athanasius wrote many other useful books and treatises on various topics such as A HANDBOOK OF APOLOGETICS, “The Great Blessing of Water,â€ “On the Second Sunday of Great Lent,â€ “The Kneeling Prayers on Pentecost,â€ “On the Holy Icons,â€ “On Memorial Services,â€ “On the New Martyrs,â€ “On the Angels and Divine Beauty,â€ as well as numerous letters dealing with diverse subjects. His most important book was the EPITOME, which deals with Orthodox dogma. Athanasius was also a prolific writer of saints’ Lives and of liturgical services in their honor. He wrote the lives of Saint Mark the New (June 5) and Saint Macarius of Corinth, among others. He also wrote the Preface for the NEW LEIMONARION (New Spiritual Meadow), a collection of saints’ lives and services begun by Saint Macarius, with additional material contributed by Saint Nikēphóros of Chios and by Saint Athanasius himself. Athanasius retired as Director of schools in 1812, and went to join Saint Nikēphóros at the Hermitage of Saint George at Resta, Chios where he spent his final days. He departed to the Lord on June 24, 1813 at the age of ninety. Athanasius was very zealous for the teachings of Christ and His Church, and patiently endured persecution and suffering during his life because of his beliefs. Since he was opposed to the so-called Age of Enlightenment and fought against the “progressiveâ€ spirit of his time, he was censured by some of his contemporaries. Although his detractors enjoyed a certain fame during their lifetime, they are all but forgotten today. On the other hand, Saint Athanasius has been glorified by God and was officially recognized as a saint of the Orthodox Church in 1995.

Greece, 1754-1776, Kollyvades Movement, Macedonia, Mt Athos, prayer of the heart
Mt Athos, 1754-1776, Kollyvades Movement; Venerable Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on August 18 ; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

Greece, 1754-1776, Ottoman Greece, Kollyvades Movement, prayer of the heart
Mt Athos, 1754-1776, Kollyvades Movement; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

Greece, 1760, Cosmos, Skete of St Anne, executed in Constantinople, refused to convert
Greece, Mt Athos, 1760, Cosmos, Skete of St Anne, executed in Constantinople, refused to convert; Skete of St Anne: a skete to the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos; Monkmartyr Cosmas of St Anne Skete, Mt Athos, Commemorated December 3 ; Cosmas was a monk of Saint Anne’s Skete on Mount Athos. was executed in Constantinople on December 3, 1760 when he refused to convert to Islam. specific details of his martyrdom are not known.

Greece, 1764, Aquilina oZagliberi, beaten horribly bTurks, survived, died at home, relics' wonderous fragrance, &Devine light
Greece, 1764, Aquilina oZagliberi, Thessalonica, to avoid death her father became moslem, could not convert daughter or mother, turned her over to turks, beaten horribly, survived but died at home, relics ' wonderous fragrance, &Devine light ; Zagliberi, Thessalonica; New Martyr Aquilina, Commemorated on September 27; Aquilina (Akylina), the virgin martyr of Christ, the daughter of pious parents who lived in the village of Zagliberi, Thessalonica in the diocese of Saint Ardamerios. day her father quarreled with a Turkish neighbor (for Turks and Christians lived together in that village), and struck the Turk, killing him. authorities seized him and brought him to the pasha of Thessalonica to be executed for his crime. death, the unfortunate man converted to Islam in order to save his life. Aquilina was still a babe at her mother’s breast when this happened. saint’s mother remained a Christian, and she encouraged her daughter to adhere to the Christian Faith, and not to deny Christ. some time had passed, the Turks pressured Aquilina’s father to make her become a Moslem, too. said, “Do not worry about my daughter, I’ll see to her. I will force her to convert to Islam in due course.” Saint Aquilina was eighteen, the Turks urged her father to make his daughter convert to their faith. said to her, “The other Turks tell me that you must become a Moslem sooner or later. Do it one day sooner so that they will stop bothering me. “ replied with great courage, “I will never deny the Lord Jesus Christ, Who died on the Cross for our sake. I am prepared to endure tortures, and even death, for love of my Christ.” that she would not change her mind, her father went to the Turks and said, “I am not able to persuade my daughter to become a Moslem, so you may do as you wish with her.” this, the Turks became angry, and sent servants to arrest the girl. When the saint’s mother saw them seize her daughter, encouraged her to remain firm in confessing Christ, and to be brave in the face of the torments she was about to endure. replied, “That is my intention, Mother. May God help me. Pray for me.” they said farewell with many tears and laments. Servants tied Aquilina with ropes and brought her to the judge. Her mother followed them, but the servants shut the door in her face and left her standing in the courtyard. Saint Aquilina was taken inside to appear before the judge, and her mother returned home to await the outcome. judge asked her, “Will you become a Moslem, you fool?” replied, “No, I will never deny my Faith or my Master Christ.” these things, the judge became angry and ordered the saint to be stripped of her clothes, leaving her in her chemise. he ordered them to tie her to a pillar and to beat her with sticks, and it was done. Two servants beat her for a long time, but Saint Aquilina endured her sufferings with great courage. once again the saint was brought before the judge and the other Turks. They began to flatter her, promising her many things. They even offered her gifts, if only she would deny her Christian Faith, she regarded earthly riches as worthless. A prominent man among them, having more boldness than the others, said to her, “Become a Moslem, Aquilina, and I will marry you to my son.” martyr of Christ replied, “May the devil take you and your son.” the Turks heard this, they were enraged and tied the saint up as before, beating her for a long time. she was untied and questioned for a third time. Aquilina had received so many lashes, her chemise was torn to shreds, and it no longer covered her. The judge said, “You fool! Aren’t you ashamed to appear naked before so many people? Become a Moslem, or I’ll break your bones one by one.” holy virgin replied, “What could I possibly want with your faith? Why should I deny Christ?” Turks were furious, and this time they beat the saint so mercilessly that they left her for dead. The earth was saturated with her blood, and pieces of her flesh fell to the ground. Finally, they untied her and gave her to a certain Christian who happened to be at that place, and he brought her to her mother’s house. her mother saw that her daughter was almost dead, she embraced her and asked, “What have you done, my child?” martyr opened her eyes with difficulty and said, “Behold, I have preserved the confession of my Faith, just as we agreed.” she was speaking to her mother, Saint Aquilina gave her pure soul into God’s hands and received the imperishable crown of martyrdom on September 27, 1764. the way to the cemetery, Saint Aquilina’s holy relics gave forth a wondrous fragrance which filled the entire road. That night a heavenly light shone upon her tomb like a brilliant star, and the Christians who witnessed this glorified God.

Greece, 1765-1821, GregoryV Patriarch oConstantinople, fArcadia, Peleponnese, his connections w Greek Patriots discoveren Later
Greece, 1765-1821, Gregory V Patriarch of Constantinople, from Demitsana, Arcadia, Peleponnese, to Athens 1765, to Smyrna 1767, to Patmos, Deacon at Smyrna 1775 and Hieromonk, 1785 Bishop, Met oSmyrna, spiritual fruit, sermons, school buildings, books, 1797 Patriarch of C, internal external order, rules, regular mtgs, agendas for Bishops, early 19th C heavy Turk rule&Greek patriots, his connections w G P's discoveren when Ypsilantis crossed tPrut river, his asceticism caused 2 exiles to Great Larva Athos, 3 times forced to quell greek revolts, forced 1821 anathema against Y, a ignored, 1821 hanged Patriarchate gate since closed, body to sea but saved by Greek sailors, to Odessa, under Russian Flag, held See of Constantinople three times (1797-1799, 1806-1808, 1819-1821), 1871 relics back to Greece for 50th Aniversary, Nikon's Vestiments Mitre Cross, 1921 Sainthood 100 yr Anniversary; Demitsana or Dimitsana ; Hieromartyr Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople, Commemorated on April 10; Holy Patriarch Gregory (George Angelopoulos in the world) was born in 1745 at Dēmētsána in the Pelopónnēsos. began his education in the village schools, since his father could not afford to send him to better schools. 1765, he went to Athens to study under the renowned teacher Dēmḗtrios Vodas, in 1767, he went to Smyrna to attend an ecclesiastical school. he went to Patmos for further study, was ordained as a Deacon in 1775 at Smyrna. after, he was ordained as a Hieromonk. 1785 he was consecrated as a Bishop, and was chosen as the Metropolitan of Smyrna. ministry produced much spiritual fruit, and he edified his flock by his eloquent sermons, by building schools, and by writing books. May 1,1797 he was elected as Patriarch of Constantinople. that day forward, he concerned himself with the internal and external order of the Patriarchate. He established rules for his household and staff, called regular meetings, and set agendas for the Synod of Bishops. the early XIX century, Greece was suffering under the heavy Turkish yoke, though many Greek patriots hoped to regain their independence. found support from the Holy Patriarch, whose connections with Greek patriots were revealed only after Alexander Ypsilantis crossed the Prut River with his army against Sultan Mahmud. Patriarch was an ascetic who kept the fasts and devoted himself to the unceasing Prayer of the Heart. traits did not endear him to everyone, and he had many enemies. Saint's austerity annoyed some bishops, who slandered him, resulting in his removal and exile to Mount Athos from 1798-1806, where he lived in the Greatest Lavra. second tenure as Patriarch began amid political turmoil. more he began a program of building churches and schools. declared war in 1807 as the result of Russian activity in the Balkans. The Sultan ordered Saint Gregory to issue an encyclical against Russia in order to prevent the Greeks from cooperating with them. bore no malice toward Russia, but he was trying to avoid massacres and insurrections. times during his second Patriarchate, Saint Gregory was forced to quell Greek attempts to revolt. he was deposed and exiled to the Holy Mountain in 1808. January 1819, the Holy Hierarch ascended the Patriarchal throne for the final time. established a fund to help the poor of Constantinople and reorganized the Patriarchal printing press, which published many spiritual books. March, several bishops were imprisoned or executed because of the failed insurrection of Alexander Ypsilantis in Moldavia. the Greek Revolution began on March 25, 1821, the Turks ordered the Patriarch and his Synod to issue an anathema against Ypsilantis and those who had cooperated with him. anathema was ignored, because the Greeks knew that it had been issued under duress. that Lent, jailings and executions were common. One of the Patriarch's friends advised him to flee from Constantinople to the Morea. Gregory replied: "I have a premonition that the fish of the Bosphorus will eat my body, but I will die calmly, for the sake of of saving my nation." Holy Pascha, April 10, 1821, the Patriarch was seized at 10:00 A.M. and hanged at the gate of the Patriarchate, and then his body was thrown into the sea. That gate has remained shut ever since. sailors noticed the place where the Hieromartyr's body was abandoned, and placed it on a ship from Kephalonia under the command of Captain Macri Sklavos, and then it was taken to Odessa under the Russian flag. Hierarch's relics were buried in the Greek church of the Holy Trinity on June 19, 1821. vestments were sent from Moscow for the Saint's relics, as well as a mitre and a cross, which had belonged to His Holiness Patriarch Nikon (1652-1658). Hieromartyr Gregory V of Constantinople, held the See of Constantinople three times (1797-1799, 1806-1808, 1819-1821). 1871, at the request of the Greek government, permission was granted to transfer Patriarch Gregory's relics from Odessa to Athens for the celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of Greek independence. A special Service was composed in Athens in honor of the Hierarch, whose martyrdom heralded the triumph of Christianity in Greece. Hieromartyr Gregory was glorified as a Saint in 1921. The scroll on his Icon reads: "For freedom Christ has set us free; stand fast therefore, and do not be entangled again with the yoke of slavery" (Galatians 5:1).

Greece, 1765-1821, GregoryV P oConstantinople, spiritual fruit of sermons, school buildings, books
Greece, 1765-1821, Gregory V Patriarch of Constantinople, from Demitsana, Arcadia, Peleponnese, to Athens 1765, to Smyrna 1767, to Patmos, Deacon at Smyrna 1775 and Hieromonk, 1785 Bishop, Met oSmyrna, spiritual fruit, sermons, school buildings, books, 1797 Patriarch of C, internal external order, rules, regular mtgs, agendas for Bishops, early 19th C heavy Turk rule&Greek patriots, his connections w G P's discoveren when Ypsilantis crossed tPrut river, his asceticism caused 2 exiles to Great Larva Athos, 3 times forced to quell greek revolts, forced 1821 anathema against Y, a ignored, 1821 hanged Patriarchate gate since closed, body to sea but saved by Greek sailors, to Odessa, under Russian Flag, held See of Constantinople three times (1797-1799, 1806-1808, 1819-1821), 1871 relics back to Greece for 50th Aniversary, Nikon's Vestiments Mitre Cross, 1921 Sainthood 100 yr Anniversary; Demitsana or Dimitsana ; Hieromartyr Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople, Commemorated on April 10; Holy Patriarch Gregory (George Angelopoulos in the world) was born in 1745 at Dēmētsána in the Pelopónnēsos. began his education in the village schools, since his father could not afford to send him to better schools. 1765, he went to Athens to study under the renowned teacher Dēmḗtrios Vodas, in 1767, he went to Smyrna to attend an ecclesiastical school. he went to Patmos for further study, was ordained as a Deacon in 1775 at Smyrna. after, he was ordained as a Hieromonk. 1785 he was consecrated as a Bishop, and was chosen as the Metropolitan of Smyrna. ministry produced much spiritual fruit, and he edified his flock by his eloquent sermons, by building schools, and by writing books. May 1,1797 he was elected as Patriarch of Constantinople. that day forward, he concerned himself with the internal and external order of the Patriarchate. He established rules for his household and staff, called regular meetings, and set agendas for the Synod of Bishops. the early XIX century, Greece was suffering under the heavy Turkish yoke, though many Greek patriots hoped to regain their independence. found support from the Holy Patriarch, whose connections with Greek patriots were revealed only after Alexander Ypsilantis crossed the Prut River with his army against Sultan Mahmud. Patriarch was an ascetic who kept the fasts and devoted himself to the unceasing Prayer of the Heart. traits did not endear him to everyone, and he had many enemies. Saint's austerity annoyed some bishops, who slandered him, resulting in his removal and exile to Mount Athos from 1798-1806, where he lived in the Greatest Lavra. second tenure as Patriarch began amid political turmoil. more he began a program of building churches and schools. declared war in 1807 as the result of Russian activity in the Balkans. The Sultan ordered Saint Gregory to issue an encyclical against Russia in order to prevent the Greeks from cooperating with them. bore no malice toward Russia, but he was trying to avoid massacres and insurrections. times during his second Patriarchate, Saint Gregory was forced to quell Greek attempts to revolt. he was deposed and exiled to the Holy Mountain in 1808. January 1819, the Holy Hierarch ascended the Patriarchal throne for the final time. established a fund to help the poor of Constantinople and reorganized the Patriarchal printing press, which published many spiritual books. March, several bishops were imprisoned or executed because of the failed insurrection of Alexander Ypsilantis in Moldavia. the Greek Revolution began on March 25, 1821, the Turks ordered the Patriarch and his Synod to issue an anathema against Ypsilantis and those who had cooperated with him. anathema was ignored, because the Greeks knew that it had been issued under duress. that Lent, jailings and executions were common. One of the Patriarch's friends advised him to flee from Constantinople to the Morea. Gregory replied: "I have a premonition that the fish of the Bosphorus will eat my body, but I will die calmly, for the sake of of saving my nation." Holy Pascha, April 10, 1821, the Patriarch was seized at 10:00 A.M. and hanged at the gate of the Patriarchate, and then his body was thrown into the sea. That gate has remained shut ever since. sailors noticed the place where the Hieromartyr's body was abandoned, and placed it on a ship from Kephalonia under the command of Captain Macri Sklavos, and then it was taken to Odessa under the Russian flag. Hierarch's relics were buried in the Greek church of the Holy Trinity on June 19, 1821. vestments were sent from Moscow for the Saint's relics, as well as a mitre and a cross, which had belonged to His Holiness Patriarch Nikon (1652-1658). Hieromartyr Gregory V of Constantinople, held the See of Constantinople three times (1797-1799, 1806-1808, 1819-1821). 1871, at the request of the Greek government, permission was granted to transfer Patriarch Gregory's relics from Odessa to Athens for the celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of Greek independence. A special Service was composed in Athens in honor of the Hierarch, whose martyrdom heralded the triumph of Christianity in Greece. Hieromartyr Gregory was glorified as a Saint in 1921. The scroll on his Icon reads: "For freedom Christ has set us free; stand fast therefore, and do not be entangled again with the yoke of slavery" (Galatians 5:1).

Greece, 1765-1821, GregoryV P oConstantinople, internal external order, rules, regular mtgs, agendas fBishops
Greece, 1765-1821, Gregory V Patriarch of Constantinople, from Demitsana, Arcadia, Peleponnese, to Athens 1765, to Smyrna 1767, to Patmos, Deacon at Smyrna 1775 and Hieromonk, 1785 Bishop, Met oSmyrna, spiritual fruit, sermons, school buildings, books, 1797 Patriarch of C, internal external order, rules, regular mtgs, agendas for Bishops, early 19th C heavy Turk rule&Greek patriots, his connections w G P's discoveren when Ypsilantis crossed tPrut river, his asceticism caused 2 exiles to Great Larva Athos, 3 times forced to quell greek revolts, forced 1821 anathema against Y, a ignored, 1821 hanged Patriarchate gate since closed, body to sea but saved by Greek sailors, to Odessa, under Russian Flag, held See of Constantinople three times (1797-1799, 1806-1808, 1819-1821), 1871 relics back to Greece for 50th Aniversary, Nikon's Vestiments Mitre Cross, 1921 Sainthood 100 yr Anniversary; Demitsana or Dimitsana ; Hieromartyr Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople, Commemorated on April 10; Holy Patriarch Gregory (George Angelopoulos in the world) was born in 1745 at Dēmētsána in the Pelopónnēsos. began his education in the village schools, since his father could not afford to send him to better schools. 1765, he went to Athens to study under the renowned teacher Dēmḗtrios Vodas, in 1767, he went to Smyrna to attend an ecclesiastical school. he went to Patmos for further study, was ordained as a Deacon in 1775 at Smyrna. after, he was ordained as a Hieromonk. 1785 he was consecrated as a Bishop, and was chosen as the Metropolitan of Smyrna. ministry produced much spiritual fruit, and he edified his flock by his eloquent sermons, by building schools, and by writing books. May 1,1797 he was elected as Patriarch of Constantinople. that day forward, he concerned himself with the internal and external order of the Patriarchate. He established rules for his household and staff, called regular meetings, and set agendas for the Synod of Bishops. the early XIX century, Greece was suffering under the heavy Turkish yoke, though many Greek patriots hoped to regain their independence. found support from the Holy Patriarch, whose connections with Greek patriots were revealed only after Alexander Ypsilantis crossed the Prut River with his army against Sultan Mahmud. Patriarch was an ascetic who kept the fasts and devoted himself to the unceasing Prayer of the Heart. traits did not endear him to everyone, and he had many enemies. Saint's austerity annoyed some bishops, who slandered him, resulting in his removal and exile to Mount Athos from 1798-1806, where he lived in the Greatest Lavra. second tenure as Patriarch began amid political turmoil. more he began a program of building churches and schools. declared war in 1807 as the result of Russian activity in the Balkans. The Sultan ordered Saint Gregory to issue an encyclical against Russia in order to prevent the Greeks from cooperating with them. bore no malice toward Russia, but he was trying to avoid massacres and insurrections. times during his second Patriarchate, Saint Gregory was forced to quell Greek attempts to revolt. he was deposed and exiled to the Holy Mountain in 1808. January 1819, the Holy Hierarch ascended the Patriarchal throne for the final time. established a fund to help the poor of Constantinople and reorganized the Patriarchal printing press, which published many spiritual books. March, several bishops were imprisoned or executed because of the failed insurrection of Alexander Ypsilantis in Moldavia. the Greek Revolution began on March 25, 1821, the Turks ordered the Patriarch and his Synod to issue an anathema against Ypsilantis and those who had cooperated with him. anathema was ignored, because the Greeks knew that it had been issued under duress. that Lent, jailings and executions were common. One of the Patriarch's friends advised him to flee from Constantinople to the Morea. Gregory replied: "I have a premonition that the fish of the Bosphorus will eat my body, but I will die calmly, for the sake of of saving my nation." Holy Pascha, April 10, 1821, the Patriarch was seized at 10:00 A.M. and hanged at the gate of the Patriarchate, and then his body was thrown into the sea. That gate has remained shut ever since. sailors noticed the place where the Hieromartyr's body was abandoned, and placed it on a ship from Kephalonia under the command of Captain Macri Sklavos, and then it was taken to Odessa under the Russian flag. Hierarch's relics were buried in the Greek church of the Holy Trinity on June 19, 1821. vestments were sent from Moscow for the Saint's relics, as well as a mitre and a cross, which had belonged to His Holiness Patriarch Nikon (1652-1658). Hieromartyr Gregory V of Constantinople, held the See of Constantinople three times (1797-1799, 1806-1808, 1819-1821). 1871, at the request of the Greek government, permission was granted to transfer Patriarch Gregory's relics from Odessa to Athens for the celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of Greek independence. A special Service was composed in Athens in honor of the Hierarch, whose martyrdom heralded the triumph of Christianity in Greece. Hieromartyr Gregory was glorified as a Saint in 1921. The scroll on his Icon reads: "For freedom Christ has set us free; stand fast therefore, and do not be entangled again with the yoke of slavery" (Galatians 5:1).

Greece, 1765-1821, GregoryV P oConstantinople, his asceticism calused 2 Exiles to Great Larva, held See 3 times

Greece, 1765-1821, GregoryV P oConstantinople, forced to quell 3 revolts, his forced 1821 Anathema against Ypsilantis ignored

Greece, 1794, Anastasius of Strumitza Eparchy, Bulgaria (Strumitza River 1), in Thessalonica, selling Turkish clothes story
Bulgaria, 1794, St Anastasius of Strumitza Eparchy, Bulgaria (Strumitza River 1), in Thessalonica, selling Turkish clothes without paying duty, dressing like a turk, could not recite moslem salutation, armed w sword, refused becomming Moslem, tortured and died; Strumica; St Anastasius of the Strumitza Eparchy, Commemorated on August 29; New Martyr Anastasius, a Bulgarian, was born in 1774 in the Strumnitsk diocese, in the village of Radovicha. parents gave him over to military studies. the youth was twenty years old, he happened to be with his teacher in Thessalonica. master wanted to sell some Turkish clothes without paying the customary duty. He told his disciple to dress himself as a Turk and go into the city. collectors of the duty stopped him and demanded the written receipt of duty payment. The youth answered that he was a Turk. Then the collectors demanded that he recite the salutation with the Moslem prayer. The youth became confused and quiet. They ordered him to appear before the commander, who in interrogating the martyr suggested that he become a Moslem. The youth refused, and they led him away to the chief tax-collector. official tried at first to flatter, then to threaten the martyr, who admitted his civil guilt, but would not agree to betray the holy Faith. The tax-collector made this known to the mufti, who in turn answered, “You have in one hand the sword, in the other the law, use what you wish.” knew that by law the tax-collector ought to collect the tax from the youth, but then by judgment of the mufti he would not be a follower of Mohammed, armed with a sword. he had received such an answer, the commander of the haraje sent the youth to the local mullah together with five Turks, who were obliged to testify that the Christian had blasphemed the Moslem religion. the accusations of blasphemy against Mohammed by these witnesses, the youth honestly answered that he did not blaspheme him, but he would allow having shown disrespect to Moslem customs. subjected him to torture and condemned him to hanging. Along the way, they continued to urge the martyr to renounce his faith, but bleeding and exhausted, he fell upon the wayside and died on August 29, 1794.

Greece, 1794-1795, N M Theodore, on R Road tC, near Adrianople, worked aSultan's palace, during plague returned
Greece, 1794-1795, New Martyr Theodore, Neochorion (New Village), Evros, on Roman Road Via Egnatia, near Adrianople, worked at Sultan's palace, converted to Islam, during plague converted back, to Chios & Mytilene, confessed in M, hanged there; Neochorion, Evros; (Greek: Νεοχώρι meaning new village) is a village and a community in the municipality of Orestiada in the northern part of the Evros regional unit in Greece. The community includes the village Patagi. It is situated 7 km west of the centre of Orestiada. Year Neochori village Patagi Community 1981 1,612 - - 1991 1,138 - - 2001 1,159 278 1,437 2011 739 163 902 History[edit] It was annexed to Greece in 1920, prior it was ruled by the Ottomans. It adopted its current name after the annexation, refugees flowed into the village and the Turkish population was displaced eastward. New Martyr Theodore, Commemorated on February 17; Holy New Martyr Theodore was born of pious parents in Neochorion near Constantinople in 1774. He worked in the palace of the Sultan, where he converted to Islam. a plague broke out in Constantinople, he realized the gravity of his sin and returned to Christianity. He went to Chios and then to Mytilene, where he confessed Christ before the Moslem authorities. He was imprisoned, tortured, then hanged by the Turks in 1795.

Greece, 1797-1800, Constantine oHydra (island), Southern Greece, converted tIslam, repented, martyred
Greece, 1797-1800, Constantine oHydra (island), Southern Greece, tRhodes, converted tIslam, repented, t, sought martyrdom, tKrimi, tConstantinople, tIveron, tRhodes, martyred; Hydra (island) Greece; New Martyr Constantine of Hydra, Commemorated on November 14; Holy New Martyr Constantine was born on the island of Hydra; his father was named Michael, and his mother was called Marina. the age of eighteen, he left Hydra and went to Rhodes, where he served the Turkish ruler Hasan Kapetan. Constantine converted to Islam and took the name Hasan, in honor of his master. For three years he received great honors and was content. however, he felt remorse for denying Christ. He gave alms to Orthodox Christians, prayed with bitter tears, and showed great reverence to the Orthodox priests he encountered. decided to atone for his sin by martyrdom. So he found a Spiritual Father, to whom he confessed, asking for his blessing to seek martyrdom. how young he was, his Spiritual Father advised him to wait. obeyed and left Rhodes, traveling to the city of Krimi, then to Constantinople, and from there he went to the Holy Mountain. Ivḗron Monastery he prepared himself for martyrdom. With the blessing of the Fathers, he returned to Rhodes and presented himself to the ruler, and courageously confessed Christ. The tortures he endured were horrible. he was hanged on November 14, 1800. at Saint Constantine's birthplace on Hydra, there is a beautiful church which is dedicated to him, and there his holy relics are kept. fragment from Saint Constantine's relics is in the "Quick to Hear" Icon at Saint Tikhon's Monastery church in Pennsylvania.

Greece, 1800-21, 19th Century Folder, New Martyr Ignatius

Greece, 1801-1814, New Martyr Ignatius, Bulgaria, confessed before kadi breaking earlier moslem promise, hanged
Bulgaria, 1801-1814, New Martyr Ignatius, Trnovo, Bulgaria (Yantra River 2.3), Rila M, then Athos, father refused fight Serb Orthodox, Mother Sister b moslem, turned him in, escaped t Romania, then Athos, confessed before kadi breaking earlier moslem promise, tortured, hanged; Trnovo, Bulgaria (Yantra River 2); New Martyr Ignatius the Monk of Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 8; holy New Martyr Ignatius was born in the village of Eski Zagora in the Trnovo region of Bulgaria, and was named John in Baptism. he was still a young child, his parents George and Maria moved to the city of Philippopolis and enrolled him in a school there. he did well at school, he had a strong desire for the monastic life. reaching adulthood, he entered the Rila monastery in western Bulgaria. he was assigned to an Elder, with whom he lived in obedience for six years. the Elder’s strictness became unbearable, John returned home. that time the Serbs rose in revolt against the Moslem government. ’s father was asked to take command of an Ottoman brigade, but he refused to fight against other Orthodox Christians. Moslems attacked George with furious anger. He was stabbed and then beheaded. ’s mother and sisters were also taken by the Hagarenes, and they ultimately agreed to convert to Islam. fled and hid in the home of an elderly Orthodox woman. mother and sisters learned where he was hiding, and they told the Moslems. sent to capture him did not know what he looked like, so the old woman told them she did not know him. woman helped him escape to Bucharest, Romania, he became acquainted with Saint Euthymius, who would also endure martyrdom. did not wish to stay in Bucharest, however, so he left for Mt. Athos. the way he visited the village of Soumla, where he ran into his friend Father Euthymius again. that Euthymius had denied Christ and beome a Moslem, John became very sad and left the village. had not gotten very far when Turkish soldiers stopped him and took all his possessions. demanded that he convert to Islam, and in his fright he told them that he would do so. with this reply, they let him go. reached the village of Eski Zagora, where he met an Athonite monk from the monastery of Grigoriou. journeyed to the Holy Mountain together, and John settled in the Skete of Saint Anna. he met Father Basil. day John and Father Basil traveled to Thessalonica on monastery business. they were there the monks David and Euthymius of Demetsana suffered martyrdom because they were Christians. was inflamed with the desire for martyrdom. Basil, however, urged him to postpone his intention, so they returned to the Holy Mountain. A short time after this, Father Basil died. a monk from the Skete of Saint Anna told him of the martyrdom of the New Martyr Euthymius (March 22), was once more filled with zeal for martyrdom. was placed under the spiritual direction of the Elder Acacius, who prescribed for him prayer, prostrations, and reading the Gospel. time, John was found worthy of monastic tonsure, and was given the new name Ignatius. Elder Acacius blessed him to travel to Constantinople with the monk Gregory in order to bear witness to Christ. receiving the Holy Mysteries in Constantinople, Ignatius felt he was ready for his ordeal. in Moslem garb, Ignatius went before the kadi and proclaimed his faith in Christ. He told him how he had promised to become a Moslem when he was younger, but now he threw his turban at the kadi’s feet and said that he would never deny Christ. that Ignatius was insane, the kadi warned him that if he did not come to his senses he would endure horrible torments before being put to death. On the other hand, if he embraced Islam, he would receive rich gifts and great honor from them. courageous martyr told the kadi to keep his gifts, for they were merely temporal gifts. “Your threats of torture and death are nothing new,” he said, “and I knew of them before I came here. In fact, I came here because of them, so that I might die for my Christ.” Ignatius went on to call Mohammed “a false prophet, a teacher of perdition, and a friend of the devil.” Then he invited the Moslems to believe in Christ, the only true God. kadi then became so angry he could not speak, so he motioned for a servant to lead Saint Ignatius out of the room. Ignatius turned and struck the servant, then knelt before the kadi and bent his neck, as if inviting him to behead him then and there. Other servants entered the room, however, and dragged him off to prison. Ignatius was brought before the kadi for questioning. When asked who had brought him to Constantinople, he replied, “My Lord Jesus Christ brought me here.” the kadi urged him to reconsider, for he was about to experience unimaginable tortures. “Do not expect to be beheaded so that the Christians can collect your blood as a blessing,” he said, “for I intend to hang you.” replied, “You will be doing me a great service whether you hang me or put me to the sword. I accept everything for the love of Christ.” that he could not turn Ignatius from his Christian Faith, the kadi ordered him to be hanged. He was taken to a place called Daktyloporta, where the sentence was carried out. The martyr’s body remained hanging there for three days, then some pious Christians paid a ransom for it and took it to the island of Prote for burial. Ignatius gave his life for Christ on October 8, 1814. He is also commemorated on May 1 with Saints Acacius and Euthymius. head of Saint Ignatius is in the Monastery of Saint Panteleimon on Mt Athos.

Greece, 1804, Hilarion oSkete of St Anne, converted aFreedom promise, repented i3days, confessed&martyred, blood heals
Greece, Mt Athos, 1804, Hilarion oSkete of St Anne - near the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos, 963 or 1686, uncle failed his occupation training, got job wMoslem, blamed for stealing, promised freedom if convert, repented 3 days later, 12th day ship to Crimea f10 mos, no peace decided martyrdom, renowned elders advised Mt Athos, tIveron, then tSt Anne's and Bassarion, oLuke's prep year earlier, tonsured Hilarion after strict rule and fasting, one morning H ready to confess, back to Aga at palace, threw red turban replace wBlack skoufia, all bones broken, beheaded, asceticism martyrdom crowns, Bassarion used H's blood to deliver young girl from demon; Skete of St Anne: a skete to the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos; Monastic Martyr Hilarion of Saint Anne Skete, Mount Athos, Commemorated on September 20; Hilarion was from Heraklion in Crete and his secular name was John. had five other siblings, John, Polyzoes, George, and two sisters, whose names are unknown. His parents, Francis and Katherine, had raised him with diligence, and he had learned to read and write. When he was a young man, his uncle took him to Constantinople, promising to train him for some occupation. John stayed with him for ten years, his uncle neglected to train him and did little else for him. is why John was forced to leave his uncle’s house and get a job as the clerk of a merchant from the island of Chios, who came to trust John. day, the merchant was obliged to leave his shop and travel back to Chios, placing John and another Orthodox Christian employee in charge of the business. he returned, the two employees gave their boss an accounting for the time that he was away. merchant said that he had been cheated, because the money they collected did not correspond to the value of the goods that were sold. the merchant did not make an inventory before going to Chios, he estimated that the two clerks were short by thirty grosia. other employee had been with the merchant for many years, and so all suspicion fell on John. He was told that there would be severe consequences if he did not return the money at once. that he was innocent, John asked his uncle to help him, but his uncle refused to see him. his despair he went to the palace, hoping to see the valide sultana, the Sultan’s mother. however, he met the Ethiopian eunuch, Mertzan Aga. It appears that John knew him and told him what had happened. evil Aga seized this opportunity and told him that if he converted to Islam, he would not be liable to any punishment; moreover, he would receive many riches and honors. his fear and anxiety, John accepted. he was presented to the Sultan’s mother, who introduced him to the Sultan. away, John was circumcised, and was given Muslim clothing and other gifts. In addition, a certain hodja was appointed to instruct him in Islamic teachings. days later, the young man came to himself and repented from his heart when he realized the gravity of his sin. He waited for an opportunity to escape, after twelve days he managed to board a ship for the Crimea, where he remained for ten months. knew no peace there because his conscience tormented him for his betrayal of Christ. he decided that the only way he could atone for his sin was by the path of martyrdom. to Constantinople, he consulted the renowned Spiritual Fathers, Elder Symeon and Elder Jeremiah. He told them of his intention to confess Christ in the place where he had denied Him. the Elders advised him to go to Mount Athos for a time. did exactly as he was told, and entered Ivḗron Monastery. Fathers there sent him to the Skete of St. Anna to place himself under the guidance of Hieromonk Bessarion, had prepared the New Martyr Luke (March 23) for his martyrdom the previous year. Elder accepted him and gave him a Rule of strict asceticism and fasting. Soon he received the monastic tonsure with the name Hilarion. morning, Father Hilarion told his Elder that he was ready to confess Christ, Whom he had denied. The Elder blessed his good intention, and the Saint received the Holy Mysteries. left for Constantinople together, and then Father Hilarion presented himself to the Aga at the palace. “Three days after becoming a Muslim,” he said, “I repented of what I had done, and I abandoned the darkness of error and returned to the light of truth, so I curse your religion. I was a Christian, and now I am once more.” his turban on the ground, he put on the black monastic skoufia he had concealed under his coat. the Saint’s resolve, the Aga ordered that he be tortured without mercy. His torments were so severe that all his bones were broken. Hilarion was beheaded on September 20, 1804, and received two incorruptible crowns from Christ: that of asceticism, and that of martyrdom. Bessarion was once invited to a Christian home and the children were brought to receive his blessing. One child, a little girl about eight years old, had been possessed by a demon. She turned black, made some erratic movements, and eventually she fell down as if she were dead.The Elder had some of the Saint’s blood with him, but before he could even anoint the girl with it, the demon came out of her, and the child stood up.

Greece, 1806-1818, Onphrius of Hilandar, Mt Athos, regrettd Mslm wish to parents, Athos ASAP, C torment, Mrtr path tChios
Greece, Athos, 1806-1818, Onphrius of Hilandar monastery, Mt Athos (Serbian, Bulgarian), angry w parents said wished become moslem, overheard, regretted, went Athos ASAP, approx 1806, conscience torment, asked persue martyrdom path, 4 months intense prayer fasting struggle, to Chios, torture, beheaded and into sea; Hilandar monastery; Venerable New Martyr Onuphrius of Hilandar (Mount Athos), Commemorated on January 4; New Martyr Onuphrius, in the world Matthew, was born in Bulgaria in Gabrovo in the Trnovo diocese. became angry with his parents one day, and said he wished to become a Moslem. he was overheard by the Hagarenes, who wished to take him away. regretted these words as soon as he uttered them, he went to Athos to the Hilandar monastery as soon as he came of age. There he became a monk with the name Manassas. by his conscience, Manassas decided to suffer for Christ. he asked the blessing of his Elder Nikēphóros to pursue the path of martyrdom. Elder tonsured him a schemamonk with the name Onuphrius. four months of intense prayer, fasting, and spiritual struggle, he went with Gregory of the Peloponnesos to the island of Chios. the Monk Martyr Onuphrius openly confessed the Christian Faith, for which he was seized and subjected to cruel tortures. the torture they beheaded him and threw him into the sea. He died in 1818 at the age of thirty-two.

Greece, 1808, New Martyr Demetrius of Samarina in Epirus, preaching Word, but suspctd p rebellion, silent u extreme torture
Greece, 1808, New Martyr Demetrius of Samarina in Epirus (high up in Pindus Mts, Vlachs), preaching Word of God & Obey Law, but suspected p rebellion, tortured, nails, wood under finger nails, tightened iron band on forehead, remained silent, hanged upside down, fire underneath head, witnessing Turk believed&martyred, sealed into wall, head out, 10 days, died; Samarina in Epirus; New Martyr Demetrius of Samarina in Epirus, Commemorated on August 17; holy monk Demetrios was born in the village of Samarina, in the Pindos region of Greece in the late XVIII century. became a monk in the monastery of his homeland, where he exhausted his body and soul with fasting. Ali Pasha's 1808 suppression of an insurrection inspired by Father Euthymios Vlakhavas, Saint Demetrios came out of his monastery and went to the neighboring villages preaching the Word of God, comforting the villagers, and giving them hope. Pasha thought that Father Demetrios had also been preaching rebellion, but the monk said that he was only trying to strengthen the Christians in their faith, and urging them to respect the law. The Pasha did not believe him, so he ordered him to be subjected to cruel tortures. executioners pierced his arms with nails and then placed pieces of wood under the nails of his hands and feet. An iron band was placed around his forehead. This was tightened and produced excruciating pain. All the while they told him to name his fellow conspirators. Saint Demetrios remained silent, and he was thrown into prison. Later, he was hanged upside down, with a fire under his head. A certain Turk, after witnessing the courage of the Saint, believed in Christ and then he suffered martyrdom. Ali Pasha sealed Demetrios into a wall, leaving only his head out to prolong the torture. The Martyr survived for ten days, then he surrendered his soul to God on August 17,1808.

Greece, 1813, New Martyr David New Skete of St Anna, Mt Athos, Church Reconstructions, Mocked Turks, Hanged
Ephesus, 1813, New Martyr David of St Anne's Skete, from Aivali (Ayvalık, Mysia, Caicus River area, across from Lesbos Is), divine zeal, tSmyrna fChurch Reconstruction Money, 2Water Tanks &cells, burned fMartyrdom, tMagnesia witnessed &Mocked Turks, expelled, tSA Skete, tKaryes&former BoChristopoulos, blessing oMartyrdom, tThessaloniki, Vatopaidi Embassy Church monk had converted to Islam, intended to confront but Turks found out, beaten &Hanged; Skete of St Anna, St Paulas Monastery; New Martyr David of Saint Anne's Skete, Commemorated on June 26; Holy Monastic Martyr David was descended from the Kydonians of the town of Aivali (Αϊβαλί) in Asia Minor. inhabitants of the town had a special relationship with Mount Athos, because there were two Athonite embassy churches in their city, belonging to Ivḗron Monastery, the other to Pantokrator Monastery. Saint David left his hometown, he went to Mount Athos and lived near a fellow countryman, a brother of Saint Anne’s Skete, who later became a monk. his monastic life, Saint David was moved by divine zeal. took the initiative, after receiving the blessing of his Elder, and visited Smyrna in order to collect money for the reconstruction of the ruined churches of the Transfiguration of the Savior and that of the Theotokos on Mount Athos. completing the work on the two temples, he built two water tanks as well as a number of cells for the worshipers. did not remain on Mount Athos, he burned with the desire for martyrdom. went to Magnesia in Asia Minor, where he bore witness to Christ, and mocked the Turks for their religion. arrested him and beat him severely, and then he was expelled from their city. without fulfilling his desire, he returned to the Holy Skete of Saint Anne, he confessed to his Elder his earnest desire for martyrdom. Spiritual Father, fearing the outcome of such an act, tried to dissuade him, but he did not succeed. David went to Karyes and saw Metropolitan Pankratios, the former Bishop of Christopoulos, from whom he received a blessing to seek martyrdom. David traveled to Thessaloniki, he was told of a monk from the Vatopaidi embassy church of Saint Demetrios, who had converted to Islam. David attempted to confront this monk, somehow the Turks had learned of his intention. Turks arrested the Saint, and after they had beaten him, they handed him over to the judge for trial. judge, fearing that Saint David might persuade the monk to abandon Islam and to confess Christ, ordered the Saint to be executed at once. same night, June 26, 1813, Saint David suffered a martyric death by hanging. Monastic Martyr David is particularly honored at the Skete of Saint Anne on the Holy Mountain.

Greece, 1821 - Present, Folder, Modern Greece

Greece, 1800, 19th Century Folder, Weeping Tikhvin Icon, Mt Athos

Greece, 1821-1832, Greek War of Independence
Greece, 1821-1832, Greek War of Independence; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on January 31; 1840 Saint Arsenius entered the Monastery of Saint George on the island of Paros. Daniel had passed away in 1837. Before his repose, he asked his disciple to take his remains to Mt. Athos after two years. Arsenius left Plolegandros in obedience to Father Daniel’s request, planning to stop on Paros then continue to the Holy Mountain. Paros the abbot of Saint George’s Monastery, Father Elias Georgiadis, told Saint Arsenius that it was God’s will for him to remain on Paros. was providential, because Mt. Athos was undergoing great difficulty after the Greek War of Independence. 3,000 Turkish soldiers occupied Athos, resulting in the departure of 5,000 of the 6,000 monks.

Greece, 1823, Saint Pelagia of Tinos, her dream found Tinos Icon
Greece, 1823, Saint Pelagia of Tinos Tinos Island (Agean Sea); Icon of the Mother of God "Tinos", Commemorated January 30 ; The Annunciation of our Most Holy Lady, the Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary, Commemorated on March 25;

Greece, 1823, Tinos Icon, Tinos Island, Cyclades, MOG appeared 1821, dig in field to find my icon, build a church there
Greece, 1823, Tinos Icon, Tinos Island, Cyclades (Agean Sea), MOG appeared to man 1821, dig in field to find my icon, build a church there, with my help, divine light, found bricks not for oven, Pelagia's dreams 1822, to uncover the church, be obedient, Mr. Kangades, excavations, church discovered, money ran out, 1823 Matsos found annunciation icon, holiest treasurers, Healing and deliverance; Tinos Island (Agean Sea); Icon of the Mother of God Tinos, Commemorated January 30 ; highly-venerated icon of the Annunciation was discovered in the ruins of the ancient church of Saint John the Baptist on January 30, 1823. elderly man, Michael Polyzoes, had a dream shortly before the Feast of the Annunciation in 1821, in which the Mother of God appeared to him in shining white garments. She instructed him to dig in the field of Anthony Doxaras outside the city, where he would find her icon. She also told him to build a church on the site, since there had once been one there. The Queen of Heaven also promised to help him accomplish these tasks. awakening, he crossed himself and tried to go back to sleep, believing that his dream had been a temptation from the devil. Before falling asleep, Michael saw the Theotokos once again, and noticed that the room was flooded by a gentle white light. Her head was surrounded by divine light, and her face displayed ineffable grace and sweetness. Speaking to the old man she said, “Why are you afraid? Your fear comes from unbelief. Listen! I am Panagia (the all-holy one). I want you to dig in the field of Anthony Doxaras where my icon is buried. I ask you to do this as a favor, old man. You will build a church there and I will help you.” Then she disappeared. next morning, Michael went into the village and told the priest what had happened to him during the night. priest also thought the dream was a temptation, so he urged Michael to come for Confession and Communion. The old man, however, was not convinced that his visions were mere dreams or demonic temptations. He told the inhabitants of the village of his experience. Some laughed at him, but only two believed his words. two men went with him to the field one night and dug in many places, but they found nothing. Then they dug in another place and found the remains of an old wall. Finding nothing but bricks, they had to give up their search in the morning so the Turks would not find out what they were doing. Doxaras, the owner of the field, found the bricks and tried to use them to build an oven. The mortar would not adhere to the bricks, so whenever they tried to build one section of the oven, it collapsed. The workers were convinced that God was showing them that the bricks from the ancient church were not to be used for an oven. Pelagia (July 23), an eighty-year-old nun, had several dreams in June of 1822 in which the Most Holy Theotokos appeared to her. Saint Pelagia was living in the women’s monastery of the Dormition on Mt. Kechrovounios, about an hour’s journey from the village. She had lived in the monastery from a young age, and was known for her great virtue and piety. Theotokos appeared to her in a dream and ordered her to go to Stamatelos Kangades (a prominent man of the village), and tell him to uncover the church of Saint John the Baptist in the field of Anthony Doxaras. by the vision, Pelagia attributed the dream to her imagination, and she began to pray. She was afraid to tell anyone about her dream, but the following week, the Theotokos appeared to her again, reminding her of her instructions. Still, the nun remained silent and told no one of her vision. The Theotokos appeared a third time, this time with a severe manner. She chastised the nun for her unbelief, saying, “Go and do as I told you. Be obedient.” Pelagia woke up in fear and trembling. As she opened her eyes, she saw the same mysterious Woman she had seen while asleep. With a great effort she asked, “Who are you, Lady? Why are you angry with me, and why do you order me to do these things?” Woman raised her hand and said, “Proclaim, O earth, glad tidings of great joy” (Megalynarion of the Ninth Ode of the Canon for Matins of the Annunciation). at last, the aged nun joyfully exclaimed, “Praise, O heavens, the glory of God” (The next line of the Megalynarion). once, she informed the Abbess of her visions, and she also told Stamatelos Kangades. Mr. Kangades, who had been designated by the Theotokos to carry out the excavation of the church, informed Bishop Gabriel of these events. The bishop had already heard of the dream of Michael Polyzoes, and realized that the account of the nun Pelagia agreed with his vision. Bishop Gabriel wrote to all the churches on the island of Tinos, urging them to cooperate in finding the church and the icon. began in September of 1822 under the supervision of Mr. Kangades. The foundations of the church of Saint John, destroyed by Arabs in 1200, were uncovered. An old well was found near the church, but not the holy icon. The money ran out, and so the effort was abandoned. again the Mother of God appeared to Saint Pelagia, urging that the excavations continue. Bishop Gabriel sent out an appeal for donations to build a new church on the foundations of the old church of Saint John the Baptist. The new church was built, and was dedicated to Saint John and to the Life-Giving Fountain. January 30, 1823 workers were leveling the ground inside the church in preparation for laying a new stone floor. About noon one of the workers, Emmanuel Matsos, struck a piece of wood with his pickaxe, splitting it down the middle. He looked at one piece of the board and saw that it was burned on one side, while the other side showed traces of paint. As he brushed off the dirt with his hand, he saw that it was an icon. Joining the two pieces of wood together, he crossed himself and venerated the icon. called the other workers, who also came and venerated the icon. When the icon was cleaned, it was shown to be an icon of the Annunciation. The split was in the middle of the icon, between the Theotokos and the Archangel Gabriel. Neither figure was damaged, and this was regarded as a miracle. same day, the icon was given to Bishop Gabriel, who kissed it and cried out, “Great art Thou, O Lord, and wondrous are Thy works.” the finding of the icon, the inabitants of Tinos were filled with zeal to build a magnificent church in honor of the Theotokos. People offered their money and their own labor to help build the church of the Evangelistria (She who received the Good News). new church was completed in 1823, and was consecrated by Bishop Gabriel. Saint Pelagia of Tinos fell asleep in the Lord on April 28, 1834. Her Feast Day, however, is on July 23. Tinos Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos continues to be venerated as one of Greece’s holiest treasures. Innumerable miracles of healing and deliverance from danger have not ceased since the time the icon was found.

Greece, 1828-Present, Modern Greece
Greece, 1828-Present, Modern Greece;

Greece, 1832-1862, Greek King, Otto of Greece
Greece, Greek King, 1832-1862, Otto of Greece;

Greece, 1837, Akathist Icon, Hilandar monastery, Mt Athos, remained unharmed during 1837 fire, Akathist being read
Greece, Mt Athos, 1837, Akathist Icon, Hilandar monastery, Mt Athos (Serbian, Bulgarian) remained unharmed during 1837 fire, Akathist being read; Hilandar monastery; Icon of the Mother of God of the Akathist, Commemorated January 12 ; Akathist Icon of the Mother of God is on the iconostasis of the Hilandar monastery’s katholikon. It is known as the Akathist Icon because, during a fire at the katholikon in 1837 an Akathist was being read before the icon, and it remained unharmed, to the joy of the monks. icon should not be confused with the Zographou Icon “Of the Akathist” (October 10). Icon of the Mother of God the œMilkgiver, Commemorated on January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God, the "Priestly", Commemorated January 12 ;

Greece, 1841-1889, Deliverer Icon, Locusts, deliverance, Elder Martinian MOG intercession, dead boy to monk
Greece, 1841-1889, Deliverer Icon, Mavrovouni, Laconia, Peloponnesos, Greece, Deliverer Icon, Locusts, deliverance and many miracles, terrible disaster in Mavrovone, locusts, fr Alexis Moleben w Cross failed, Elder Martinian MOG intercession w Icon & intense prayers & cross procession, suddenly birds appeared, later boy already dead, touched w icon 3 times, later monastic on athos, people worshiped Fr M so he hid, voice told him to not hide the icon, possessed woman Elena shouted only icon could heal her, healed and more like storm casting fish ashore.; Mavrovouni, Laconia, Peloponnesos, Greece; (Greek: Μαυροβούνι, "the black mountain") is a village (population approximately 500) in the Mani Peninsula, Greece, south of Gytheio town. is a village about 2 km south of the town of Gytheio, in Laconia, Greece. It is located on a steep hill of dark rock[1] between the hill of Kumaros[2] above Gytheio and the alluvial plain of the Vardhounia river lies a belt of low sandy hills. district is rich in wines, olives and oranges.[3] The village's economy is based on olive oil production, fishing and tourism. Deliverer Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on October 17; the beginning of the XIX century the remarkable ascetic Constantine Theodoulos was loving as a monk on Mount Athos. Elder had a wonderworking Icon of the Theotokos, which had been painted about 150 years before. this ascetic's repose, the Icon was passed on to Constantine's disciple, Schema-monk Martinian, who arrived on Mount Athos from Greece in 1821. in 1841 Father Martinian left the Holy Mountain and went to the town of Mavrovone in the diocese of Sparta, where many miracles were about to take place. residents of that place were afflicted by a terrible disaster: their fields, forests and almost all the vegetation was devastated by locusts. Moving forward in a solid mass, they destroyed everything in their path. Their flight took them right to the city of Marathon. The local authorities drove the residents out of their homes into the fields, forcing them to collect the destructive insects, dump them into pits, and then burn them, but all these measures were ineffective. It seemed that the more locusts they killed, the more their numbers increased. lost all hope for human assistance, so they chanted a Moleben, but the disaster did not end. Terrified, the villagers turned to Father Alexis, a man of God, who lived in a monastery near that unfortunate district. Taking some holy relics, this God-pleaser advised them to have a Moleben with a Cross Procession to their fields. The locusts, as if irritated by such actions, focused their attention on the worshippers. Countless insects attacked people, especially in their eyes. Both the residents and priests fled to their homes in horror. Martinian also learned about this disaster. After serving a Moleben, he spoke to the villagers: "Is our faith so weak that we cannot ask the Lord to help us? Let us intensify our prayers; at least let us gather the old men, and we will resort to the powerful intercession of the Queen of Heaven and Earth. Let us take her holy Icon and pray together, trusting in the Lord. He will not reject our humble prayer to Him, and, through the intercessions of His Mother, He will save this district from a great calamity." inhabitants followed the pious Elder's suggestion, with confidence in the merciful intercession of the Mother of God, they gathered not only old men, but also husbands, wives and even children. There were also four priests. The Cross Procession followed the Elder, who carried the holy Icon, and went into the field. There Father Martinian placed the Icon on the ground, and all the villagers bowed before it in supplication. The Sovereign Lady did not reject the prayers of the faithful servants of her Son and our God. She drove the locusts away. Suddenly, a great flock of birds appeared, rushing swiftly at the insects. The locusts rose from the fields and flew in such a thick mass that they obscured the sunlight. in the village of Mavrovone there was a boy who was very sick, and his illness was getting worse. His parents asked the priest to bring him Communion. For some reason, however, the visiting priest did not hurry, and he did not arrive for a long time. He took the Holy Gifts and went to the boy's house. He had invited Elder Martinian to come with him. When they arrived at the house, they were shocked by the news that boy was already dead. priest was filled with deep remorse, since his procrastination had deprived the child of his final spiritual consolation. The only hope left to them was to trust in God's mercy. priest asked Father Martinian to bring his Icon so they could pray to the Queen of Heaven for the boy. The Elder, seeing the deep faith of the priest and the devastated parents, took out the holy Icon which he always kept with him and placed it over the child's bed. Confident that nothing is impossible for the Sovereign Lady, the Elder, the priest, and parents bowed before the Icon, begging her to restore the child to life. After praying for a time, the Elder touched the dying boy three times with the Icon, and suddenly the child opened his eyes. Father Martinian's request, the boy was given Holy Communion, and then got up perfectly well. The next day he went to school, where he had been sent shortly before this for his primary education. the boy who returned to life was tonsured in a foreign country with the name Alexis, and for a long time he lived an ascetical life on Mount Athos. of this glorious miracle spread far through the neighborhood. Many people who suffered from physical and spiritual infirmities flocked to the Icon of the Mother of God with faith. The Elder's tiny home was always crowded with people and he decided to hide from them, but they found him again. Martinian would not have minded visiting the sick with the Icon if their reverence for the Mother of God had not been mixed with a desire to glorify the Elder as well. thought he should retire to a place where no one would find him. Therefore, he went by the sea shore and soon, above the ocean, he found a sheer rock with a cave, which was quite suitable for his ascetical struggles. Martinian thought he was completely secluded there. However, the good will of the Most Pure Virgin had arranged things otherwise. night the ascetic was praying in the cave. Suddenly, he heard a voice ordering him not to hide the Icon, but to minister to the needs of others. He tried to protest his unworthiness, and his infirmity, but the voice told him even more insistently to be obedient, saying that all this was for the glory of the Mother of God. When the Elder had finished his prayer, he decided to rest for a short time. at that moment, the cave was illumined with an extraordinary light. Surprised, the Elder came out onto the rock, desiring to know the source of such extraordinary radiance. The ascetic beheld a wondrous sight. He saw a pillar of light stretching from the sky to the ground, and in doing so, he heard again the same voice commanding him to leave his solitude and to go serve his neighbors. the ascetic opened his door to the residents of that vicinity. was a possessed woman named Elena, who used to shout all the time that she knew where the Elder was hiding. At the same time, she declared that only his Icon could heal her. demon who possessed the woman was very fierce. He exposed the secret sins of all those who came to see Elena. One devout priest decided to read the prayers of exorcism over her no matter what happened. For that reason he went to Elena's house. Immediately, the woman attacked the priest and began to vilify the one who served at the altar, saying: "Aha! So you want to expel me? Are you thinking of casting me out? No, you cannot expel me, you will never drive me out. Look to yourself!" all the demon's words the priest continued to read the prayers, and asked the demon possessing the woman to reveal who could banish him. his will, the impure spirit spoke of a solitary Elder with an Icon, calling the ascetic a ragamuffin, an evil monk, and so on. the priest asked the demon where he might find this Elder. Then the demon, forced by the priest's prayers and by the power of God, revealed where Father Martinian was hiding. morning after the vision the Elder heard the sound of a large crowd of people gathered before the rock and begging him to come down to them to help the suffering. God's will in all this, the Elder obeyed and went to the homes of the villagers. of all, he went to see Elena. As he approached her dwelling, she fell down unconscious and began to scream. When the Elder entered the house, he put down the Icon of the Mother of God and bowed before the Icon. once, the demon came out of the woman with great moaning. She returned to her senses and fervently thanked the Theotokos. After this she felt quite well. Many other demoniacs were also healed by praying before her Icon. of all the miracles taking place before the Icon, people were always in Father Martinian's home. Elder finally decided to return to his monastery. When the people learned of his departure, they followed him for some distance. With a great cry they parted from the Elder as he walked away from them, carrying the Icon of the Mother of God, who had poured forth so much grace on their district. 1884, soon after he arrived on the Holy Mountain and entered the monastery of the Great Martyr Panteleimon, Father Martinian went to the Lord. the holy Icon of the Mother of God became the monastery's precious heritage. The revered Icon remained there until July 20, 1889, when Archimandrite Makarios, the Superior of Saint Panteleimon's Monastery, gave the Deliverer Icon as a blessing to the newly-built New Athos Monastery of Saint Simon the Canaanite in the Caucasus Icon has been there from 1889 until the present day. first celebration of the transfer of the Icon to New Athos Monastery took place on October 17, 1889. That is why the Feast Day in honor of this Icon was established on this day. that time a storm cast more than a ton of fish ashore at the monastery. this Icon the Most Holy Theotokos holds the Divine Child on her right arm, and He blesses with His right hand. Deliverer Icon of the Mother of God is commemorated on October 17, and on April 4.

Greece, 1862-1913, Greek King, George I of Greece, Dutch Royal, Elected King, Expanded Greece, Killed
Greece, Greek King, 1862-1913, George I of Greece;

Greece, 1863, Prodromitsa Icon, Iasi, Moldovia Capital, paint only while fasting, alone, faces finished by MOG, Many miracles
Moldavia, 1863, Prodromitsa Icon, Iasi, Moldovia, Romania (crossroads: Poland, Russia, Austria and Constantinople, Pruth River 8), paint only while fasting, alone, faces finished by MOG, kept in Theophany Skete near Great Lavra, MA, Many miracles, thorns in eyes, unconscious child died recovered, Jews healed, Icon not move teachers house, icon in woman's vision, mocking painter fierce expression on MOG's face, became zealous admirer, sick monk at P Skete departs peacefully, many more miracles to this day; Jassy (Iasi), Romania ; Prodromitsa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on July 12; Icon is kept in the Moldavian Theophany (now Prodromou)1 Skete on Mount Athos, about an hour's walk from the Lavra of St. Athanasios. 1863, Igoumen Niphon, accompanied by several monks, went to Moldavia on the Monastery's business. Arriving at Iasi, the capital of Moldavia, the Athonite monks decided to order an icon of the Mother of God for their Monastery, and began to look for a master, who would not only know his craft well, but at the same time he would lead a good life, have the fear of God, and who would be adorned with Christian piety. Soon they managed to find such a man at Iasi, the aged painter, George Nikolaev (Iordache Nicolau), with whom they agreed that he should paint the icon only while fasting, before eating any food, and by himself, without the participation and assistance of others. old man, having agreed to these conditions, zealously set about his work. The work progressed quickly to its end: it remained only to paint the faces of the Mother of God and the Divine Child. when the painter started to execute the last part of the work, he suffered a setback: he couldn't paint the faces correctly, despite all his efforts. He was upset and told the monks of his failure, and he even began to doubt himself, whether he had forgotten his art in his old age. painter increased his fasting and prayed with tears. one morning, after intensified fasting and fervent prayer, he entered his workroom to finish the task that had caused him so much grief and anxiety. Approaching the Icon and looking at it, he suddenly stopped, struck with amazement: from the canvas of the Icon the faces of the Mother of God and the Child looked at him, painted by an invisible hand and radiant with heavenly beauty and artistic expression. painter was awestruck: the more he considered these faces, the more clearly he understood that a great and incomprehensible miracle of the Queen of Heaven had occurred, and that she had heard his humble and fervent prayers. with amazement, the artist did not dare to touch this Icon with his brush, but only covered it with varnish. of this miracle quickly spread throughout the city, and many people gathered in the artist's home, so that the Athonite monks had great difficulty in moving the Icon from his house to their apartment. miraculous event that had occurred was also made known to the local Metropolitan, His Grace Callinic (Miclescu), who at that time held the office of Metropolitan. examined the Icon carefully and recognized the truth of the miracle. After that, a Moleben was served before the Icon, and only then were the people allowed to venerate the image of the Mother of God, which from that time began to be glorified by many miraculous signs. certain man had a large thorn in his eyes, and he could not see anything. He was brought in to venerate the Icon of the Mother of God was given some Holy Water to drink, and to wash with it. He took some of it with him to his house. days later he received perfect sight, so that without the help of others he was able to come to give thanks to the Mother of God before her miraculous Icon for his healing. nobleman had a child who was unconscious for three days without any movement, so that only by the child's barely perceptible breath could one determine that a faint spark of life still remained. of saving his child from death by conventional medical means, the father turned to the Mother of God for help, praying fervently before her Icon. some Holy Water to his house, he sprinkled the dying child and poured a few drops into his mouth. And a miracle occurred: the child had already died, but then he recovered. other patients afflicted with various ailments received healing by praying before the Icon of the Mother of God. view of the numerous miracles performed by the power of the Theotokos through her Holy Icon, not only did Orthodox Christians come to venerate her, but also schismatics, Armenians, and even Jews, for there was the case of a Jewish woman who received her gracious help, which was why she and her entire household were baptized. return of the Athonite monks with the Icon, from Iași to their Monastery on Athos, was also accompanied by many miracles. the monks arrived with the Icon in the city of Byrlad, the people's teacher in that city wished to receive the Holy Icon in his house, and for this purpose he sent people for it. The monks advised him to come to them if he wished to venerate the Icon, instead of bringing it to his home. But the teacher insisted on having his way. monks decided to grant his wish. When two of them tried to lift the Icon, despite all their efforts, they could not do so. It took four monks to lift the icon, but only with great effort. When the Icon was brought to the carriage in order to put it in, a loud noise was heard, frightening everyone, both people and the horses. It turned out that the kiot containing the Icon had cracked. everyone knew that the Mother of God did not want to have her Icon brought to the teacher's house, and it was decided not to carry it to the teacher's home. a strange thing occurred: this time, two monks were able to lift the Icon without any difficulty. pious woman who lived outside the city of Byrlad beheld a vision in a dream telling her to go into the city to venerate the Icon. When she arrived, she recognized the very Icon that she had seen in the vision. the monks came to Galați there was a painter who, seeing a multitude of people flocking to venerate the Icon, began to mock it, urging people not to believe the miracle of how the faces had not been painted by any earthly artist. But when he gazed at the Icon of the Mother of God, the exression on her face seemed so fierce to him that he was struck with great horror. Then he became a zealous admirer of the wonderworking Icon. the time the monks arrived at their Skete on the Holy Mountain, there was a sick monk, who had not eaten any food for three weeks, nor did he speak. He was so weak that he did not move at all. Only by his breathing could anyone tell that he was still alive. When the monks arrived at the Skete, the patient seemed to awaken from a deep sleep and asked to be taken to venerate the Holy Icon. Presenting himself before the Icon, he turned to the Mother of God with this plea: "O Mother of God! You know my heart and you know my fate. If it would be good for me to live, then give me health. If, after I am healed of my illness, I do not behave better, then let me die: end my life here on earth, so that I do not suffer or endure torments there, in the grave." After praying this way, he returned to his cell, put on clean linen and his full monastic garb, and asked to partake of the Holy Mysteries of Christ. He seemed to have a clear premonition of his approaching death. And, indeed, less than an hour after receiving Communion, he departed peacefully and quietly to the Lord. this Skete there were even more cases of healings by the Icon of the Mother of God. The monk Sergius was healed from weakness in all his members, and from deafness, and one of the masters who worked in the same Skete was subjected to torments by an unclean spirit; as soon as he was brought to the Icon of the Mother of God, he was freed from the excruciating power of the Enemy. addition to the recorded accounts, many other wonderful signs took place on Mount Athos from the Moldavian Icon of the Mother of God, which continues to work miracles up to the present day. 1 The Romanian Skete of Saint John the Forerunner on Mount Athos.

Greece, 1875-1889, Deliverer Icon, for New Athos monastery, Georgia, storm cast ton fish ashore there
Georgia, 1875-1889, Deliverer Icon, from Greece, for New Athos monaster, storm cast ton fish ashore there New Athos Simono-Kananitsk monastery in the Caucasus; Deliverer Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on October 17; the beginning of the XIX century the remarkable ascetic Constantine Theodoulos was loving as a monk on Mount Athos. This Elder had a wonderworking Icon of the Theotokos, which had been painted about 150 years before. After this ascetic's repose, the Icon was passed on to Constantine's disciple, Schema-monk Martinian, who arrived on Mount Athos from Greece in 1821. in 1841 Father Martinian left the Holy Mountain and went to the town of Mavrovonē in the diocese of Sparta, where many miracles were about to take place. residents of that place were afflicted by a terrible disaster: their fields, forests and almost all the vegetation was devastated by locusts. Moving forward in a solid mass, they destroyed everything in their path. Their flight took them right to the city of Marathon. The local authorities drove the residents out of their homes into the fields, forcing them to collect the destructive insects, dump them into pits, and then burn them, but all these measures were ineffective. It seemed that the more locusts they killed, the more their numbers increased. lost all hope for human assistance, so they chanted a Moleben, but the disaster did not end. Terrified, the villagers turned to Father Alexis, a man of God, who lived in a monastery near that unfortunate district. Taking some holy relics, this God-pleaser advised them to have a Moleben with a Cross Procession to their fields. The locusts, as if irritated by such actions, focused their attention on the worshippers. Countless insects attacked people, especially in their eyes. Both the residents and priests fled to their homes in horror. Martinian also learned about this disaster. After serving a Moleben, he spoke to the villagers: "Is our faith so weak that we cannot ask the Lord to help us? Let us intensify our prayers; at least let us gather the old men, and we will resort to the powerful intercession of the Queen of Heaven and Earth. Let us take her holy Icon and pray together, trusting in the Lord. He will not reject our humble prayer to Him, and, through the intercessions of His Mother, He will save this district from a great calamity." inhabitants followed the pious Elder's suggestion, with confidence in the merciful intercession of the Mother of God, they gathered not only old men, but also husbands, wives and even children. There were also four priests. The Cross Procession followed the Elder, who carried the holy Icon, and went into the field. There Father Martinian placed the Icon on the ground, and all the villagers bowed before it in supplication. The Sovereign Lady did not reject the prayers of the faithful servants of her Son and our God. She drove the locusts away. Suddenly, a great flock of birds appeared, rushing swiftly at the insects. The locusts rose from the fields and flew in such a thick mass that they obscured the sunlight. in the village of Mavrovonē there was a boy who was very sick, and his illness was getting worse. His parents asked the priest to bring him Communion. For some reason, however, the visiting priest did not hurry, and he did not arrive for a long time. He took the Holy Gifts and went to the boy's house. He had invited Elder Martinian to come with him. When they arrived at the house, they were shocked by the news that boy was already dead. The priest was filled with deep remorse, since his procrastination had deprived the child of his final spiritual consolation. The only hope left to them was to trust in God's mercy. priest asked Father Martinian to bring his Icon so they could pray to the Queen of Heaven for the boy. The Elder, seeing the deep faith of the priest and the devastated parents, took out the holy Icon which he always kept with him and placed it over the child's bed. Confident that nothing is impossible for the Sovereign Lady, the Elder, the priest, and parents bowed before the Icon, begging her to restore the child to life. After praying for a time, the Elder touched the dying boy three times with the Icon, and suddenly the child opened his eyes. At Father Martinian's request, the boy was given Holy Communion, and then got up perfectly well. The next day he went to school, where he had been sent shortly before this for his primary education. Later, the boy who returned to life was tonsured in a foreign country with the name Alexis, and for a long time he lived an ascetical life on Mount Athos. of this glorious miracle spread far through the neighborhood. Many people who suffered from physical and spiritual infirmities flocked to the Icon of the Mother of God with faith. The Elder's tiny home was always crowded with people and he decided to hide from them, but they found him again. Martinian would not have minded visiting the sick with the Icon if their reverence for the Mother of God had not been mixed with a desire to glorify the Elder as well. He thought he should retire to a place where no one would find him. Therefore, he went by the sea shore and soon, above the ocean, he found a sheer rock with a cave, which was quite suitable for his ascetical struggles. Father Martinian thought he was completely secluded there. However, the good will of the Most Pure Virgin had arranged things otherwise. night the ascetic was praying in the cave. Suddenly, he heard a voice ordering him not to hide the Icon, but to minister to the needs of others. He tried to protest his unworthiness, and his infirmity, but the voice told him even more insistently to be obedient, saying that all this was for the glory of the Mother of God. When the Elder had finished his prayer, he decided to rest for a short time. Suddenly, at that moment, the cave was illumined with an extraordinary light. Surprised, the Elder came out onto the rock, desiring to know the source of such extraordinary radiance. The ascetic beheld a wondrous sight. He saw a pillar of light stretching from the sky to the ground, and in doing so, he heard again the same voice commanding him to leave his solitude and to go serve his neighbors. Thus, the ascetic opened his door to the residents of that vicinity. was a possessed woman named Elena, who used to shout all the time that she knew where the Elder was hiding. At the same time, she declared that only his Icon could heal her. The demon who possessed the woman was very fierce. He exposed the secret sins of all those who came to see Elena. One devout priest decided to read the prayers of exorcism over her no matter what happened. For that reason he went to Elena's house. Immediately, the woman attacked the priest and began to vilify the one who served at the altar, saying: "Aha! So you want to expel me? Are you thinking of casting me out? No, you cannot expel me, you will never drive me out. Look to yourself!" all the demon's words the priest continued to read the prayers, and asked the demon possessing the woman to reveal who could banish him. Against his will, the impure spirit spoke of a solitary Elder with an Icon, calling the ascetic a ragamuffin, an evil monk, and so on. Then the priest asked the demon where he might find this Elder. Then the demon, forced by the priest's prayers and by the power of God, revealed where Father Martinian was hiding. morning after the vision the Elder heard the sound of a large crowd of people gathered before the rock and begging him to come down to them to help the suffering. Seeing God's will in all this, the Elder obeyed and went to the homes of the villagers. First of all, he went to see Elena. As he approached her dwelling, she fell down unconscious and began to scream. When the Elder entered the house, he put down the Icon of the Mother of God and bowed before the Icon. At once, the demon came out of the woman with great moaning. She returned to her senses and fervently thanked the Theotokos. After this she felt quite well. Many other demoniacs were also healed by praying before her Icon. of all the miracles taking place before the Icon, people were always in Father Martinian's home. The Elder finally decided to return to his monastery. When the people learned of his departure, they followed him for some distance. With a great cry they parted from the Elder as he walked away from them, carrying the Icon of the Mother of God, who had poured forth so much grace on their district. 1884, soon after he arrived on the Holy Mountain and entered the monastery of the Great Martyr Panteleimon, Father Martinian went to the Lord. Then the holy Icon of the Mother of God became the monastery's precious heritage. The revered Icon remained there until July 20, 1889, when Archimandrite Makarios, the Superior of Saint Panteleimon's Monastery, gave the Deliverer Icon as a blessing to the newly-built New Athos Monastery of Saint Simon the Canaanite in the Caucasus The Icon has been there from 1889 until the present day. first celebration of the transfer of the Icon to New Athos Monastery took place on October 17, 1889. That is why the Feast Day in honor of this Icon was established on this day. About that time a storm cast more than a ton of fish ashore at the monastery. this Icon the Most Holy Theotokos holds the Divine Child on her right arm, and He blesses with His right hand. Deliverer Icon of the Mother of God is commemorated on October 17, and on April 4.

Greece, 1877, Weeping Tikvin Icon, Elias Skete, found behind altar, tears right eye, large tear left eye, recurred
Greece, Mt Athos, 1877, Weeping Tikvin Icon, Elias Skete, Mt Athos (Prophet Elijah Skete, Pantokrator Monastery), found behind altar, tears right eye, large tear left eye, recurred once; Elias Skete, Mt Athos (Prophet Elijah Skete, Pantokrator Monastery); Icon of the Mother of God Weeping "Tikhvin" on Mt Athos, Commemorated February 17 ; Weeping Tikhvin Icon of Mt. Athos is to be found behind the altar in the Prophet Elias Skete. February 17, 1877 (Thursday of the Second Week of Lent) seven monks remained in the church after the Hours had been read. They were astonished to see tears flowing from the right eye of the icon, and collecting on the frame. Then a single large tear came from the left eye. monks wiped the tears from the icon’s face, then left the church and locked the doors behind them. Three hours later, they returned for Vespers and saw traces of tears on the icon, and a single tear in the left eye. Again they wiped the tears from the icon, but they did not reappear. this manifestation of tears as a sign of mercy from the Mother of God, the monks established an annual commemoration of the icon on February 17. The weeping Tikhvin Icon of Mt. Athos is not to be confused with the original wonderworking Tikhvin Icon (June 26).

Greece, 1900, 20th Century Folder, New Martyr Ephraim

Greece, 1908, May 4, 1908: Zebulun's Seal Date
Greece, 1908, May 4, 1908: Zebulun's Seal Date; Greece, Greek King, 1862-1913, George I of Greece;

Greece, 1910-1964, Nikephoros tLeper, Kastanochori, Arcadia, Peloponnesos, obedience, recorded miracles, shining face
Greece, 1910-1964, Nikephoros tLeper, Kastanochori, Arcadia, Peloponnesos, an orphan at 13 in 1903, w gfather in Khani, a barber, then got Hansen's disease i.e. Leprosy, not want to go to Leper Colony Spinalonga Island, went to Alexandria, as a barber, disease more apparent, 1914 went to Chios Leper Church and Fr. Anthimos, a saint, hospital, chapel, wonderworking Icon oPanagia, course of virtues, 1916 Angelic Schema, disease progressed, unquestioning obedience, austere fasting, garden work, saw &recorded A's miracles, including deliverance, he prayed at night for hours on end making countless metanias, he did not quarrel with anyone, nor injure anyone's heart, he was the master chanter of the temple. after losing sight he chanted troparia&Epistles from memory, drug found 1947, 1957 Chios leprosarium closed, Saint Barbara’s home for lepers in Athens, in Aigaleo, Fr Eumenios completely cured but he stayed there, Ntestimonies, face shone while eaten away, seemingly feeble man saying, May His holy name be glorified, died 1964 at 75, fragrant relics exumed 1967, discernment gift; Kastanochori, Arcadia; Saint Nikēphóros the Leper, Commemorated on January 4; Nikephoros (Nicholas Tzanakakis in the world) was born in 1890 in a mountainous village in Khania, in Sikari, Kastanohori to the west of the prefecture with a healthy climate, with beautiful forests, rich waters, gorges and caves. village has a peculiarity that we do not often encounter: it is divided into eleven neighborhoods, which have also been named after the families who first settled there. Saint Nikephoros was born in the neighborhood of Kostoyianides. parents were simple and pious villagers, who died when he was still a young child, leaving him as an orphan. at the age of thirteen, he left his home. grandfather, who had undertaken to raise him, went to Khania to work there in a barber shop in order to learn the job. he showed the first signs of Hansen’s disease, i.e. leprosy. lepers were isolated on the island of Spinalonga because leprosy was a contagious disease and it was treated with fear and dismay. was sixteen years old when signs of the disease began to become more conspicuous, so he left on a boat to Egypt in order to avoid being confined to Spinalonga. remained in Alexandria, working in a barber shop again, but the signs of the disease became more and more apparent, especially on his hands and face. is why, through the intervention of a cleric, he went to Chios, where there was a church for lepers at that time, and the priest was Father Anthimos Vagianos, later Saint Anthimos (February 15). arrived in Chios in 1914 at the age of twenty-four. In the leper hospital of Chios, which was a complex with many homesteads, there was a chapel of Saint Lazarus, where the wonderworking icon of Panagia Ypakoe1 (Feb. 2) was kept. In this space, the course of virtues was opened for Nicholas. Within two years Saint Anthimos considered him ready for the angelic Schema and tonsured him with the name Nikephoros. The disease progressed and evolved in the absence of suitable drugs, causing many large lesions (a drug was found in 1947). Nikephoros lived with unquestioning, genuine obedience to his Spiritual Father, and with austere fasting, working in the gardens. He also recorded the miracles of Saint Anthimos, which he had witnessed with his own eyes (many of these were related to the deliverance of those possessed by demons). was a special spiritual relationship between Saint Anthimos and the monk Nikephoros, who always remained close to him, as Father Theoklitos Dionysiatis writes in his book Saint Anthimos of Chios. Father Nikephoros prayed at night for hours on end making countless metanias, he did not quarrel with anyone, nor injure anyone's heart, and he was the master chanter of the temple. Because of his illness, however, he slowly lost his sight, and so he chanted the troparia and the Epistles from memory. Chios leprosarium was closed in 1957 and the remaining patients, together with Father Nikephoros, were sent to Saint Barbara’s home for lepers in Athens, in Aigaleo. At that time, Father Nikephoros was about 67 years old. His members and his eyes were completely altered and distorted by the disease. Father Eumenios also lived there at the home for lepers. He also suffered from Hansen’s disease, but with the medication he received, he was completely cured. However, he decided to remain in the home for lepers for the rest of his life near his fellow sufferers, caring for them with much love. Thus he submitted to Father Nikephoros, to whom the Lord had given many gifts as a reward for his patience. A crowd of people gathered in the humble cell of the leper Nikephoros, in Saint Barbara in Aigaleo to obtain his prayers. Here are some testimonies of those who met him: “While he was prostrate with wounds and pains, he did not complain, but he showed great patience.” “He had the charisma of consoling those who were sad. His eyes were permanently irritated, and he had limited sight. He also had stiffness in his hands and paralysis in his lower limbs. Nonetheless, he endured all of this in the sweetest, meek, smiling, delightful way, and he was also pleasant and lovable.” “His face, which was eaten away by the marks of his illness, and his wounds, shone. It was a joy for those who saw this destitute and seemingly feeble man saying, May His holy name be glorified.” Nikephoros reposed on January 4, 1964 at the age of 74. After three years, his holy relics were exhumed and found to be fragrant. Father Eumenios and other believers reported many cases where miracles occurred by calling on Saint Nikephoros to intercede with God. life of Saint Nikephoros was a brilliant example and model for everyone. He was pleasing to God because he had endured so much. For this reason, we have many testimonies that our saint received from the Holy Spirit the gift of discernment as and a host of other charisms. We should note that most of the miracles are recorded, and today the saint gives generous help to anyone in need. Surely there will be many more miracles which not have not yet been made manifest. The name of the icon honors the obedience of the Theotokos to God’s will for her to give birth to His Son, so by her obedience people would also obey His will. The Greek word Υπακοή means “obedience.“

Greece, 1944-1994, Paisios otHoly Mountain, fCappadocia, Armenia, Great Road, saw tLord a15, special blessing lElisha, visions
Armenia, 1944-1994, Paisios otHoly Mountain, fCappadocia, Armenia (Central Anatolia, Great Road Ephesus to Euphrates, Kizilirmak River), saw the Lord at 15, carpenter at 15, Soldier Greek Civil War 1945-49, to Greece exchange of populations, Kephalonia Is, special blessing bArsenios, monk prophesy, Konitsa in Epeiros, repelled demonic assault wPhilotimo thought, humble t, tἘsphigmenou MAthos, tPhilotheou, idiorhythmic, alone, small schema, professed monastic, tMonastery of the Mother of God of Stomio, tMt Sinai, St Catherins's M, false dLight, beloved bBedouins, cookies fChildren, cross handiwork, more grace, rtMA, Earth sojourner, devine mysteries, conversed wSaints appearing before him, Guardian Angel vision, angelic hymns, shone wHeavenly light, 1966 illness, part lungs r, Convent at Sourote, Thessaloniki, btKatounakia, Lavriote keli oHypatios (Vlachika), uncreated light vision, saints, MOG, &Christ, discussed church matters wEuphemia, illness lMA, returned, Panagouda kelli of Koutloumousίou Monastery, near Karyes, many visitors, 1980s leli aKoutloumousiou, 1993 hemorage, hospitalized, tSourote, tumor large intestine, no medicine painkillers; Cappadocia; Venerable Paisios of the Holy Mountain, Commemorated on July 12; Father Paϊsios of the Holy Mountain was born to devout parents, Pródromos and Eulampίa Enzepίdē, Phárasa in Cappadocia on July 25, 1924. before the family left for Greece because of the exchange of populations,1 he was baptized by Saint Arsenios of Cappadocia (November 10). godfather wanted to name the child Christos, after his grandfather, Archimandrite Arsenios, the parish priest, refused saying, "Not so! He shall be called Arsenios. You shall have many other children, but I am a monk; I will have no children. I want him to be a reminder of me." Arsenios, a man who lived a most holy life, also foretold that he was leaving a monk in his place. gave the child a special blessing, and so, like Elijah and Elisha,2 grace passed from the Spiritual Father to his child. also predicted that he himself would not live more than forty days after he arrived in Greece. Forty days after their arrival in Greece, Saint Arsenios went to the Lord and was buried on the island of Kephaloniá. Greece, the family of little Arsenios settled in Konitsa in Epeiros, he spent his childhood and youth. Nurtured with stories about the wondrous life of Saint Arsenios, the boy, at the age of five, declared that he would become a monk. he learned to read, he was loved by those who had not been taught. went into the forest to study and pray in silence. in the Lives of the Saints, he tried to imitate their ascetical contests with fervent zeal and astonishing exactness. At the same time, he cultivated the virtues of humility and love. completing his studies, Arsenios did not wish to continue with his education, preferring to imitate Christ, and so he learned the trade of a carpenter, which he practiced with diligence and skill. the age of fifteen, he was deemed worthy of seeing the Lord, because of one philotimo3 thought, by which he repelled a demonic assault and a temptation toward impiety. From that time, the fire of God's love increased in him even more, as well as a longing for the monastic life. of turmoil and upheaval followed for Greece, because of foreign occupation and civil war (1945-1949). However, he was both a citizen and a soldier during his service, displaying unparalleled courage and self-sacrifice. Sometimes he volunteered to take the place of married men with families, who were about to be sent to the Front. He was willing to give every moment, and even his life, to save others. In fact, he was often in the line of fire. Not only did he protect many soldiers by his fervent prayers, but he also guarded himself in a miraculous way. most of his military service Arsenios served as a radio operator. He said that they all felt secure only when they communicated with their Division every hour. "When our communication was limited to every two hours," he revealed later, "we felt a bit insecure. Sometimes, when we could be in touch with them just twice a day, we felt uncomfortable, lonely, and lost. The same thing applies to our prayers. The more we pray, the more we feel secure, on a spiritual basis, of course." all these things, he wanted to embrace the angelic life of monasticism, which gives wings of divine love.4 Thus, he went to the Holy Mountain seeking a guide to a life of godly silence. However, he did not manage to fulfill his desire right away. At the same time, people found themselves in great economic difficulty when they called on him for help. Thus, he returned to Konitsa and worked as a carpenter. In 1953, at the age of 29, he forsook the world and went to the Holy Mountain. visiting various Skḗtēs and Kalyves,5 the Saint finally followed the advice of a venerable Elder and joined the brotherhood of the Holy Monastery of Ἐsphigmenou, known at the time for its strictness. There he lived in the midst of everyone and engaged in severe asceticism, surpassing the others in his labors for the grace of Christ and his brethren. Then, on March 27, 1954, he was tonsured and received the name Averkios. But desiring a stricter life of asceticism, he received the Igoumen's blessing and went to live in the Holy Monastery of Philotheou, which was then idiorhythmic. Under the guidance of a hermit, they lived a very strict ascetical life. When his Elder reposed, he left and went to another hermit. This Elder would greet people he had never met by name, and that is what he did with Father Averkios. However, he did not permit Father to live with him. Instead, he told him to take care of another old and sick hermit, and then come back to him for Confession. In this way, Father Averkios prepared himself for the eremitic life, under the guidance of a wise monk, Elder Simeon. March 12, 1956 he was tonsured into the Small Schema and received the name Paϊsios (which means "child"), thanks to Metropolitan Paϊsios II of Caesarea, who was also his compatriot. August 1958, heeding divine counsel, he did not move to the desert, for which he was being prepared, but into the ruined Monastery of the Mother of God of Stomio, which is located near Konitsa. There he lived for four years, living an angelic life, struggling with temptation, working for the people of the region, saving many from the false teachings of Protestant sects who were actiive in their midst, and restored the Monastery with a great deal of labor. 1962, when the work of restoration and the danger from heterodox groups was ended, he left. The Saint pleaded fervently with God to remove the temptations which besieged him every day, and to show him the path he must follow. So, he accepted the invitation of a certain Hierodeacon to accompany him to the God-trodden Mount Sinai. In this waterless place, in the kelli6 of Saints Galaktion and Epistḗmē (November 5) near Saint Katherine's Monastery, living in solitude and in asceticism. One day, as he searched for matches to light his lamp in order to read, a light shone in his cell showing where the matches were. Father Paϊsios did not trust this, so he made the Sign of the Cross, and the light disappeared. At last he lived as he had wanted to live for years, alone and near God. was beloved by the Bedouins, giving them food and money which he earned by selling to the pilgrims wooden crosses that he made himself. The Arab children in the area often visited Father Paϊsios. He wished that he had something to give them, but when he brought his handiwork to the Monastery he asked for some cookies and was told that he had to bring more handiwork to obtain cookies. Father Paϊsios shortened his Prayer Rule and spent more time for his handiwork so that he might have cookies for the children. By this act of love, he discerned that he received even more grace from God. to Mount Athos in 1964, he did not cease his ascetical contests despite his bodily ailments, but maintained his former fervor in his soul. So, living as a stranger and a sojourner on the earth (Genesis 23:4, LXX), he became a citizen of the Heavens. He attained the heights and became a partaker of divine mysteries, with the blessing of the Mother of God. In addition, he conversed with the Saints who appeared before him, and he had a vision of his Guardian Angel. He also heard angelic hymns, and he shone with heavenly light. 1966 he became seriously ill and was admitted to the Center for Thoracic Diseases of Northern Greece (Papanikolaou Hospital). He had a major operation, which resulted in the partial removal of his lungs. Some young women who wished to become nuns donated their blood for his operation. When he recovered he helped them to establish their Convent at Sourotḗ, and was able return to the Holy Mountain. He recuperated at the Holy Monastery of Saint John the Evangelist in Sourotḗ in Thessaloniki, and returned to the Holy Mountain after his recovery. 1967, he moved to Katounákia, specifically to the Lavriote kelli of Hypatios (Vlachika), where he had a vision of the Uncreated Light. He also saw various Saints, the Mother of God, and even Christ Himself. On one occasion, he was visited by Saint Euphēmίa, with whom he discussed certain Church matters. August 12, 1968, Saint Paϊsios came to the Holy Monastery of Stavronikita and lived alone in the kelli of the Holy Cross. There he was tonsured into the Great Schema by the Russian Elder Tikhon, who had the gift of tears. After the latter's repose, Father Paϊsios would visit the Elder's grave to ask him questions, and Father Tikhon would reply from the grave. Paϊsios became ill shortly afterward, and had to leave the Holy Mountain. Then he lived for a time in a monastery in northern Greece. As a consolation, he took with him the relics of Saint Arsenios, who had baptized him. Father Paϊsios did return to Mount Athos and settled in a cell. 1979 he left Holy Cross and, looking for a kelli, went to the Panagouda kelli of Koutloumousίou Monastery, near Karyes. He worked hard to create a kelli with a "Confessor", where he stayed until the end of his life. From the time he settled in Panagouda, a large number of people visited him. In fact, it got so crowded that there were special markers showing the way to his cell, so that the monks would not be disturbed by so many visitors. He also received too many letters. As the Saint said, he became very upset by reading the letters, because he learned only about divorces and mental or physical illnesses. Despite his busy schedule, he continued his intense ascetical life, pausing to rest only two or three hours a day. But he continued to receive and help visitors. He also used to make small printed icons which he gave to them as a blessing. the daily fatigue of Saint Paϊsios, some health problems were added, which tormented him. In the final years of his life, the pains of various diseases such as colitis, which left him permanently dyspeptic, an inguinal hernia, and especially from the cancer with which he had been diagnosed. There was more and more of this, nevertheless, he was calm and did not complain at all. On the contrary, he continued to pray for everyone. the early 1980s he moved near Karyes, to a kelli at Koutloumousίou. 1993 he began to hemorrhage, for which he was hospitalized, saying that "everything will be done, it is convenient for me." In November of the same year, he left the Holy Mountain for the last time, and went to Sourotḗ, to the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian for its Feast Day; and later for the Feast of Saint Arsenios (November 10). He stayed for a few days, but when he was preparing to leave, he fell ill and was taken to Theageneio, where he was diagnosed with a tumor in the large intestine. asked God to grant him bodily and spiritual health. On February 4, 1994, he underwent surgery. The disease was not halted, but it metastasized to the lungs and to the liver. The Saint announced his desire to return to the Holy Mountain on June 13, but a high fever and shortness of breath forced him to remain. At the end of June, his doctors announced that he had only two or three weeks to live at most. On Monday, July 11, 1994 (the Feast of Saint Euphēmίa), Father Paϊsios received Holy Communion for the last time, kneeling by his bed. In the last days of his life he decided not to take medicines or painkillers, despite the horrible pains of his sickness. He reposed on Tuesday, July 12, 1994 at 11:00 and was buried in the Holy Hesychasterion of Saint John the Theologian in Sourotḗ, Thessaloniki, next to Saint Arsenios of Cappadocia, whose Life was written by Saint Paϊsios. January 13, 2015, the Holy Synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople met and decided to include Saint Paϊsios of the Holy Mountain in the Hagiologion of the Orthodox Church. May his blessing be upon us. 1 Under the terms of the Treaty of Lausanne, Greeks living in Asia Minor were forced to move to Greece, and Turks living in Greece had to return to Turkey. 2 4 Kings 2:15 (Septuagint). 3 According to Saint Paϊsios, philotimo is a reverent distribution of goodness, the love shown by humble persons, from which every trace of self (ego) has been rooted out. Their hearts are filled with gratitude toward God and to their fellow man; and out of spiritual sensitivity, they try to repay the slightest good which others do to them. 4 "Life is blessed for those in the wilderness, as they fly upon the wings of divine love" (Sunday Matins: Hymn of Degrees, Tone 5, First Antiphon). 5 Skḗtē: Typically a settlement of hermits near a common church, known as the kyriakon. Kalyva: cells gathered around a church. 6 A monk's cell, or a monastic establishment consisting of a building with a chapel in it, and some land. Usually, a kelli was inhabited by three monks.

Greece, 1948, Synaxis otGerontissa Rescuer fFire Icon. saved Pantokrator Monastery oAthos from Fire
Greece, 1948, Synaxis otGerontissa Icon. saved Pantokrator Monastery, Mt Athos from Fire, Rescuer fFire; Synaxis of the Gerontissa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on December 2; December 2 Feast Day of the Gerontissa Icon of the Mother of God commemorates a miracle which occurred on the night of December 1, 1948 when the Theotokos saved the Pantokrator Monastery on Mount Athos from a fire. of this event, the Icon also came to be known as the “Pyrosoteira” (“Rescuer from fire”). Gerontissa Icon is also commemorated on April 4.

Greece, 1950, Amoman Mountain near Nea Makri
Amoman Mountain near Nea Makri; Monastery of Saint Ephraim, Nea Makri; New Martyr Ephraim, Commemorated on May 5;

Greece, 1967, Holy Great Martyr Xenίa of Kalamata, Peloponnese (Pamisos River Mouth, Gulf of Messini), forgotten martyr 1700yrs
Greece, 1967, Holy Great Martyr Xenίa of Kalamata, Messenia, Peloponnese (Pamisos River Mouth, Gulf of Messini), forgotten martyr 1700yrs, 318-1967, asked Fr George Nsis, NYC to paint her Icon holding a cross, research found young woman blond blue eyes, since then many miracles, Kalamata church built 1993; Kalamata, Messenia, Peloponnese; Holy Great Martyr Xenίa of Kalamata, Commemorated on May 3; Holy Great Martyr Xenίa was born in Kalamata in 291 to devout and God-loving parents, Nicholas and Despina, were from the eastern part of Italy. Because of the persecution of Christians at that time, they fled to Kalamata in the Peloponnesos, where they had a farm outside the city, because her father was a farmer. a young age Saint Xenίa adorned her soul with fasting, temperance, silence, unceasing prayer, tears, vigils, and charity. Dometian, the eparch of that region, happened to meet the Saint, he was dazzled by her beauty and wanted to make her his wife. Xenίa absolutely refused to change her faith, or to become the wife of an idolater. Dometian had her arrested. The Saint was tortured mercilessly and then beheaded in 318. Thus, she entered into the joy of her Lord and received an unfading crown of glory from Christ God. George Nasis, the rector of Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church in New York City from 1942-1967 praying one day when a beautiful woman appeared to him. She said her name was Xenίa, martyr who had been forgotten for almost 1700 years. She asked him to paint an icon, depicting her holding a cross. first Father George did not mention this to anyone, thinking that perhaps people would mock him. Then he decided to inform the Archbishop. Researchers tried to find references to Saint Xenίa of Kalamata, but they were not successful. they found her name in a list of Saints, where she is described as a young woman with blonde hair and blue eyes. God's grace, the Saint has worked many miracles after her death. 1993, a new parish church of the Holy Trinity was built in the western part of Kalamata, which has a chapel dedicated to Saint Xenia.

Greece, 1999 & 1398-1426 , New Martyr Ephriam, Nea Makri, Attica (Corinth&Athens area), story revealed miraculously 500yrs later
Greece, 1398-1426 & 1999, New Martyr Ephriam, Nea Makri, Attica (Corinth and Athens area), , priest men's monastery story revealed miraculously 500 yrs later, withstood extreme Turk tortures, left for dead, tortured again, 500 yrs later 1999 Mother Woman's monastery asked God to show her a martyred saint from the Men's monastery and he did. God told her where to dig. Ephriam told her his story.; Nea Makri; New Martyr Ephraim, Commemorated on January 3; holy New Martyr and wonderworker Ephraim was born in Greece on September 14, 1384. His father died when the saint was young, and his pious mother was left to care for seven children by herself. Ephraim reached the age of fourteen, the all-good God directed his steps to a monastery on the mountain of Amoman near Nea Makri in Attica. monastery was dedicated to the Annunciation and also to Saint Paraskevḗ. he took on his shoulders the Cross of Christ, which all His followers must bear (Matt. 16:24). enflamed with love for God, Saint Ephraim eagerly placed himself under the monastic discipline. For nearly twenty-seven years he imitated the life of the great Fathers and ascetics of the desert. divine zeal, he followed Christ and turned away from the attractions of this world. By the grace of God, he purified himself from soul-destroying passions and became an abode of the All-Holy Spirit. was also found worthy to receive the grace of the priesthood, and served at the altar with great reverence and compunction. September 14, 1425, the barbarous Turks launched an invasion by sea, destroying the monastery and and looting the surrounding area. Ephraim was one of the victims of their frenzied hatred. Many of the monks had been tortured and beheaded, but Saint Ephraim remained calm. infuriated the Turks, so they imprisoned him in order to torture him and force him to deny Christ. locked him in a small cell without food or water, and they beat him every day, hoping to convince him to become a Moslem. several months, he endured horrible torments. the Turks realized that the saint remained faithful to Christ, they decided to put him to death. On Tuesday May 5, 1426, they led him from his cell. They turned him upside down and tied him to a mulberry tree, then they beat him and mocked him. “Where is your God,” they asked, “and why doesn’t he help you?” The saint did not lose courage, but prayed, “O God, do not listen to the words of these men, but may Thy will be done as Thou hast ordained.” barbarians pulled the saint’s beard and tortured him until his strength ebbed. His blood flowed, and his clothes were in tatters. His body was almost naked and covered with many wounds. Still the Hagarenes were not satisfied, but wished to torture him even more. One of them took a flaming stick and plunged it violently into the saint’s navel. His screams were heart-rending, so great was his pain. The blood flowed from his stomach, but the Turks did not stop. They repeated the same painful torments many times. His body writhed, and all his limbs were convulsed. Soon, the saint grew too weak to speak, so he prayed silently asking God to forgive his sins. Blood and saliva ran from his mouth, and the ground was soaked with his blood. Then he lapsed into unconsciousness. that he had died, the Turks cut the ropes which bound him to the tree, and the saint’s body fell to the ground. Their rage was still not diminished, so they continued to kick and beat him. After a while, the saint opened his eyes and prayed, “Lord, I give up my spirit to Thee.” About nine o’clock in the morning, the martyr’s soul was separated from his body. things remained forgotten for nearly 500 years, hidden in the depths of silence and oblivion until January 3, 1950. By then a women’s monastery had sprung up on the site of the old monastery. Makaria (+ April 23, 1999) was wandering through the ruins of the monastery, thinking of the martyrs whose bones had been scattered over that ground, and whose blood had watered the tree of Orthodoxy. She realized that this was a holy place, and she prayed that God would permit her to behold one of the Fathers who had lived there. some time, she seemed to sense an inner voice telling her to dig in a certain spot. She indicated the place to a workman whom she had hired to make repairs at the old monastery. man was unwilling to dig there, for he wanted to dig somewhere else. Because the man was so insistent, Mother Makaria let him go where he wished. She prayed that the man would not be able to dig there, and so he struck rock. Although he tried to dig in three or four places, he met with the same results. Finally, he agreed to dig where the abbess had first indicated. the ruins of an old cell, he cleared away the rubble and began to dig in an angry manner. abbess told him to slow down, for she did not want him to damage the body that she expected to find there. He mocked her because she expected to find the relics of a saint. he reached the depth of six feet, however, he unearthed the head of the man of God. that moment an ineffable fragrance filled the air. The workman turned pale and was unable to speak. Mother Makaria told him to go and leave her there by herself. She knelt and reverently kissed the body. she cleared away more earth, she saw the sleeves of the saint’s rasson. The cloth was thick and appeared to have been woven on the loom of an earlier time. She uncovered the rest of the body and began to remove the bones, which appeared to be those of a martyr. Makaria was still in that holy place when evening fell, so she read the service of Vespers. she heard footsteps coming from the grave, moving across the courtyard toward the door of the church. The footsteps were strong and steady, like those of a man of strong character. The nun was afraid to turn around and look, but then she heard a voice say, “How long are you going to leave me here?” saw a tall monk with small, round eyes, whose beard reached his chest. In his left hand was a bright light, and he gave a blessing with his right hand. Mother Makaria was filled with joy and her fear disappeared. “Forgive me,” she said, “I will take care of you tomorrow as soon as God makes the day dawn.” The saint disappeared, and the abbess continued to read Vespers. the morning after Matins, Mother Makaria cleaned the bones and placed them in a niche in the altar area of the church, lighting a candle before them. That night Saint Ephraim appeared to her in a dream. He thanked her for caring for his relics, then he said, “My name is Saint Ephraim.” From his own lips, she heard the story of his life and martyrdom. Saint Ephraim glorified God in his life and by his death, the Lord granted him the grace of working miracles. who venerate his holy relics with faith and love have been healed of all kinds of illnesses and infirmities, and he is quick to answer the prayers of those who call upon him. Ephraim is also commemorated on May 5. New Martyr Ephraim, Commemorated on May 5;

Greece, Macedonia Folder, its rivers, and mountains

Macedonia, Greece
Macedonia ancient kingdom; Macedonia Region; Macedonian Slavs, Republic of Macedonia; Martyr Acacius of Apamea, Commemorated July 28 ; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Apostle Silvanus of the Seventy, Commemorated on July 30 ; Apostle Matthias of the Seventy, Commemorated on August 9 ; St Joachim of Osogovo, Commemorated on August 16 ; Martyr Lupus the Slave of St Demetrius of Thessalonica, Commemorated on August 23 ; Apostle Urban of the Seventy, Commemorated on October 31 ; St Stephen Urosh, King of Serbia, Commemorated on December 2 ; Monkmartyr Cosmas of St Anne Skete, Mt Athos, Commemorated December 3 ; Glorification of the Priestmartyr Alexander Hotovitzky, Commemorated December 4 ; Venerable Nectarius of Bitolya and Mt Athos, Commemorated on December 5 ; Greatmartyr Anastasia the œDeliverer from Potions, Commemorated on December 22 ; Martyr Theodota who suffered under Diocletian, Commemorated December 22 ; Venerable Simon the Myrrh-gusher of Mt Athos, Commemorated on December 28 ; Virginmartyr Anysia at Thessalonica, Commemorated on December 30 ; St Basil the Great the Archbishop of Caesarea, in Cappadocia, Commemorated January 1 ; Apostle Parmenas the Deacon of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Silvanus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Urban of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Carpus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Mark of the Seventy, called John, Commemorated on January 4; Venerable Romanus the Martyr, Commemorated January 5 ; Venerable Macarius of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on January 6 ; Venerable Maximus Kavsokalyvites of Mt Athos, Commemorated on January 13 ; Venerable Gabriel, Founder of Lesnov Monastery in Bulgaria, Commemorated January 15 ; Martyr Danax the Reader, in Macedonia, Commemorated on January 16 ; Venerable Dionysius of Olympus, Commemorated January 24 ; Venerable Philotheus the Founder of Philotheou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated January 24 ; SILAS, MISSIONARY COMPANION OF PAUL, Commemorated January 26 ; St Joseph the Bishop of Thessalonica, and brother of St Theodore of Studion, Commemorated January 26 ; The Meeting of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ in the Temple, Commemorated on February 2 ; Hieromartyr Charalampus the Bishop of Magnesia in Thessaly, Commemorated on February 10 ; CYRIL AND METHODIUS, MISSIONARIES TO THE SLAVS (14 FEB 869); St Hilarion the Georgian, the New, Commemorated February 14 ; Repose of St Cyril, Equal of the Apostles and Teacher of the Slavs, Commemorated on February 14 ; St Eustathius the Archbishop of Antioch, Commemorated on February 21; St Porphyrius the Bishop of Gaza, Commemorated on February 26; Hieromartyr Polycarp the Bishop of Smyrna, Commemorated February 23 ; St Gregory Dialogus, the Pope of Rome, Commemorated on March 12; Martyr Alexander of Macedonia, Commemorated on March 13 ; Martyr Matrona of Thessalonica, Commemorated on March 27; Hieromartyr Mark the Bishop of Arethusa, who suffered under Julian the Apostate, Commemorated on March 29 ; St Plato the Confessor of Studion, Commemorated on April 5; Venerable Theophilus the Myrrhgusher of Macedonia; Glorification of the Priestmartyr Alexander Hotovitzky; Martyr Theodota who suffered under Diocletian; Martyr Danax the Reader, in Macedonia, Commemorated on January 16 ; Icon of the Mother of God œCzestochowa, Commemorated on March 6 ; Apostle Epaphroditus of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; Venerable Joseph the Hymnographer, Commemorated on April 4; Venerable Theonas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 4; Martyr Agathopodes the Deacon, and those with him, at Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 5; Venerable Theodora of Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 5; St Methodius, Equal of the Apostles and Archbishop of Moravia, Enlightener of the Slavs, Commemorated on April 6; New Martyr Raphael of Lesbos, Commemorated on April 9; St Callinicus of Cernica the Bishop of Rimnicului in Romania, Commemorated on April 11; Virginmartyr Agape in Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 16 ; Venerable John the Disciple of the Venerable Gregory of Decapolis, Commemorated on April 18; Monkmartyr Agathangelus of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 19; Right-believing Tamara, Queen of Georgia, Commemorated on May 1; St Boris (in Holy Baptism Michael), Equal of the Apostles, Prince and Baptizer of Bulgaria, Commemorated on May 2; Greatmartyr Irene of Thessalonica, Commemorated on May 5; Martyr Barbarus in Thessaly, who was a robber, Commemorated on May 6; Venerable Nilus the Myrrhgusher of Lavra of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 7; Equal of the Apostles and Teacher of the Slavs, Methodius, Commemorated on May 11; Hieromartyr Mocius the Presbyter of Amphipolis in Macedonia, Commemorated on May 11; St Stephen the Archbishop of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 17; Commemoration of the Holy Fathers of the Second Ecumenical Council, Commemorated on May 22; Apostle Carpus of the Seventy, Commemorated on May 26 ; Hieromartyr Astius the Bishop of Dyrrachium in Macedonia, Commemorated on June 4; St David of Thessaloniki, Commemorated on June 26 ; Venerable Theophilus the Myrrhgusher of Macedonia, Commemorated on July 8;

Macedon Kingdom
larger Macedonia Region; Kingdom of Macedon; Venerable Theophilus the Myrrhgusher of Macedonia; Apostle Andrew, the Holy and All-Praised First-Called;

Macedonia, Greater Macedonia Region, includes parts of Albania, Serbia and Bulgaria, Roman Roads
larger Macedonia Region; Equal of the Apostles Clement of Ochrid the Bishop of Greater Macedonia, Commemorated on July 27; Hieromartyr Charalampus the Bishop of Magnesia in Thessaly, Commemorated on February 10 ; Kingdom of Macedon; Venerable Theophilus the Myrrhgusher of Macedonia; Apostle Andrew, the Holy and All-Praised First-Called; Martyr Alexander of Macedonia, Commemorated on March 13; St Stephen the Archbishop of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 17;

Macedonia, Land of the Vlachs
Land of the Vlachs (a Romance language speaking group of Wallacians outside of Romania); St Athanasius of Lubensk the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 2;

Balkan peninsula
Balkan peninsula; Apostle Herodion of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4;

Greece, Macedonia, Thasos Island Folder

Nestos River

Nestos River Mouth (Philippi, Thasos, Thrace)
Nestos River Mouth (Thasos, Thrace);

Thasos, Macedonia
Thasos; New-martyr John of Thasos, Commemorated December 20 ;

Marias, Isle of Thasos
Marias, Isle of Thasos; New-martyr John of Thasos, Commemorated December 20 ;

Thasos, Isle of Thasos, Macedonia
Isle of Thasos; Martyr Mark on the Isle of Thasos (No information at this time) ; Venerable Joannicius the Great, Commemorated November 4 ; New-martyr John of Thasos, Commemorated December 20 ;

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos Folder

Mount Athos (The Holy Mountain), Macedonia, Greece
Mount Athos ; Athonite monasteries ; Venerable Dionysius the Orator of St Anne Skete of Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 9; Icon of the Mother of God "œof the Three Hands"Â on Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Venerable John the Georgian, of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God "It Is Truly Meet"Commemorated July 13 ; Greatmartyr Marina (Margaret) of Antioch in Pisidia, Commemorated July 17 ; Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25; Venerable Gerontius of St Anne Skete, Mt. Athos, Founder, Commemorated on July 26; Greatmartyr and Healer Panteleimon, Commemorated July 27 ; Venerable Gregory of Sinai, Mt. Athos, Commemorated on August 8; St Niphon the Patriarch of Constantinople of Mt Athos, Commemorated on August 11; The Dormition of our Most Holy Lady the Mother of God and Ever-Virgin Mary, Commemorated on August 15, Dormition = A peaceful and painless death, as well as the act of sleeping or falling asleep. ; Martyr Florus of Illyria, Commemorated on August 18; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on August 19; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; The Placing of the Cincture (Sash) of the Most Holy Mother of God, Commemorated on August 31; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; St George (John) of Georgia, Commemorated September 8 ; Martyr Menodora at Nicomedia, Commemorated on September 10; Venerable Hierotheus the Younger of Iveron of Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 13; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos; 6 Venerable Disciples of St Athanasius On Mt Athos; Monkmartyr Joseph of Dionysiou on Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 14; St Joseph the New of Partos the Metropolitan of Timishoara (Romania), Commemorated on September 15; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1 ; Venerable Sergius the Obedient of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 7; Venerable Euthymius the New of Thessalonica, and Monk of Mt Athos Commemorated on October 15; Monkmartyr Joseph of Dionysiou on Mt Athos, Commemorated on October 26; Monkmartyr James of Prodromou on Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 1; Icon of the Mother of God "the Joyful"Â, Commemorated on November 7 ; Venerable Nilus the Myrrhgusher of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 12 ; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated November 14 ; Venerable Gennadius of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 17 ; Righteous Michael the soldier of Potouka, Bulgaria, Commemorated November 22 ; Monkmartyr Cosmas of St Anne Skete, Mt Athos, Commemorated December 3 ; St George of Cernica and Caldarushani, Commemorated December 3 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Damascus, Commemorated on December 4 ; Venerable Philotheus of Karyes of Mt Athos, Commemorated December 5 ; Monastic Martyrs of Karyes, Commemorated on December 5 ; Venerable Nectarius of Bitolya and Mt Athos, Commemorated on December 5 ; Venerable Gregory the Founder of Grigoriou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated on December 7 ; St Nectarius of Bitel, Commemorated December 15 ; St Daniel II the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated December 20 ; Venerable Simon the Myrrh-gusher of Mt Athos, Commemorated on December 28 ; Venerable Macarius of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on January 6 ; St Gregory the Bishop of Agrigentum; Venerable Gregory the Founder of Grigoriou Monastery of Mt Athos; Greatmartyr Anastasia the "œDeliverer from Potions"Â, Commemorated on December 22 ; Venerable Melania the Younger of Rome, Commemorated December 31 ; St Basil the Great the Archbishop of Caesarea, in Cappadocia, Commemorated January 1 ; Venerable Romanus the Martyr, Commemorated January 5 ; Venerable Macarius of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on January 6 ; Venerable Antipas of Valaam Monastery, Commemorated January 10 ; Venerable Theodosius the Metropolitan of Trebizond, Commemorated on January 11 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Akathist, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God the "œMilkgiver"Â, Commemorated on January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God, the "Priestly", Commemorated January 12 ; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; Venerable Maximus Kavsokalyvites of Mt Athos, Commemorated on January 13 ; Hieromartyr Damascene of Hilandar of Mt Athos, Commemorated January 16 ; Venerable Romilus of Ravenica, Commemorated on January 16 ; Venerable Hieromonk Alexei of Teklati, Commemorated on January 18 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Comfort" or "Consolation", Commemorated January 21 ; Icon of the Mother of God "œStabbed"Â, Commemorated on January 21 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Xenophon Hodigitria", Commemorated January 21 ; St George (John) of Georgia, Commemorated January 21 ; Venerable Maximus the Greek, Commemorated January 21 ; Venerable Neophytus of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated January 21 ; St John, Commemorated on January 23 ; Venerable Dionysius of Olympus, Commemorated January 24 ; Venerable Philotheus the Founder of Philotheou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated January 24 ; New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, Commemorated January 25 ; New Martyr Theodore, Commemorated on January 30 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ; Venerable Nicholas the Confessor the Abbot of Studion, Commemorated on February 4 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Iveron", Commemorated February 12 ; Venerable Stephen (In Monasticism Simeon), the Myrrhgusher and Prince of Serbia, Commemorated on February 13 ; St Hilarion the Georgian, the New, Commemorated February 14 ; St Joseph of Dionysiou, Commemorated February 17 ; Hieromartyr Theodore of Atchara, Commemorated on February 17 ; Icon of the Mother of God Weeping "Tikhvin" on Mt Athos, Commemorated February 17 ; St Nicholas the Catholicos of Georgia, Commemorated February 18 ; Monkmartyr Damian of Philotheou, Commemorated February 23 ; Venerable Damian of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated February 23 ; Venerable Agapius of Vatopedi, Commemorated on March 1 ; St John the New Martyr of Bulgaria, Commemorated on March 5; St John of Khakhuli the Oqropiri, also called Chrysostom, Commemorated on March 10 ; Translation of the relics of St Nicephorus the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on March 13; Venerable Macarius the Abbot and Wonderworker of Kalyazin, Commemorated on March 17 ; St Innocent of Komel the Disciple of St Nilus of Sora, Vologda, Commemorated on March 19 ; Venerable Seraphim of Virits, Commemorated on March 21; Monkmartyr Euthymius of Prodromou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on March 22; Icon of the Mother of God "œof the Akathist", Commemorated on March 27; Appearance of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on March 31; New Martyr Nicetas of Pojani and Serres, Commemorated on April 4; Venerable Theonas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 4; Venerable Gregory the Byzantine, Commemorated on April 6; New Martyr Raphael of Lesbos, Commemorated on April 9; St Callinicus of Cernica the Bishop of Rimnicului in Romania, Commemorated on April 11; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; St Basil Ratishvili of Georgia, Commemorated on April 18; Monkmartyr Agathangelus of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 19; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; Icon of the Mother of God of Mt. Athos, "œSweet Kissing"Â, Commemorated on April 21; St Basil the Bishop of Ostrog in Montenegro, Serbia, Commemorated on April 29; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; New Martyr Euthymius of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 1; New Martyr Ignatius the Martyr of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 1; Venerable Nicephorus of Chios, Commemorated on May 1; St Athanasius of Lubensk the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 2; Venerable Nicephorus of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on May 4; Icon of the Mother of God of Mt. Athos, "œSweet Kissing"Â, Commemorated on May 6; Venerable Nilus the Myrrhgusher of Lavra of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 7; Monkmartyr Pachomius of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 7; Repose of the Venerable Nilus the Abbot of Sora, Commemorated on May 7; Prophet Isaiah, Commemorated on May 9 ; Venerable Joseph of Optina, Commemorated on May 9; St Nicodemus the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated on May 11 ; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; St Euthymius the New, Founder of the Iveron Monastery and His Fellow Georgian Saints of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; St Michael the Confessor the Bishop of Synnada, Commemorated on May 23; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10 ; Venerable Peter of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on June 12; Venerable Arsenius the Abbot of Konevits, Commemorated on June 12; St (John) Tornike of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 12; Venerable Niphon of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 14; Right-believing Prince Lazarus the Great Martyr of Serbia, Commemorated on June 15; St Ephraim the Bulgarian, Patriarch of Serbia, Commemorated on June 15; Venerable Leontius the Hagiorite, Commemorated on June 18 ; Venerable Paisius of Hilandar, Bulgaria, Commemorated on June 19; Icon of the Mother of God "œthe Directress" from the Monastery of Xenophontos on Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 20; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24; Venerable George of Mt. Athos, Georgian, Commemorated on June 27; Icon of the Mother of God of "œthe Three Hands"Â, Commemorated on June 28; Icon of the Mother of God the "œMilk-Giver"Â of the Hilandar Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 3; St George the God-Bearer, Commemorated on July 3; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Icon of the Mother of God "œEconomissa"Â, Commemorated on July 5; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5 ; Martyr Felix of Apollonia in Macedonia, Commemorated July 6 ; Venerable Theophilus the Myrrhgusher of Macedonia, Commemorated on July 8;

Pongosa Penninsula

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos History Folder, 600-1900

Greece, Mt Athos, 600, 7th Century Folder, St Peter the Athonite

Greece, Mt Athos, 700 8th Century Folder, Axion Estin Icon

Greece, Mt Athos, 717-41&982, Axion Estin Icon, Archangel Gabriel writes hymn oTile, after bloody icon floats fConstantinople
Greece, Mt Athos, 717-741 &982, Axion Estin Icon, Archangel Gabriel writes hymn on tile 982, after bloody icon floats fConstantinople tMt Athos, after soldier slashed it 717-41, tile tC, expanded hymn Axion Estin in Divine Liturgy; Protaton Church Synaxis of the “Axion Estin” Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on June 11; to Tradition, during the iconoclast persecution of Leo III the Isaurian (717-741), Icon of the Theotokos was slashed by the sword of one of the Emperor’s soldiers. Blood flowed from the Icon into the sea. Shaken by this sign, the repentant sinner fled to Mount Athos. day he saw the Icon, which had floated from Constantinople, lying on the shore, it was still bleeding and dyeing the water red. ran toward it and, with fear and trembling, he carried it to the Protaton church. the Icon stopped bleeding, indicating that the Panagia had forgiven him for desecrating her holy Icon. (Greek: Παναγία, fem. of panágios, pan- + hágios, the All-Holy, or the Most Holy; pronounced Greek pronunciation: (also transliterated Panaghia or Panajia), in Medieval and Modern Greek, is one of the titles of Mary, mother of Jesus, used especially in Eastern Catholicism and Orthodox Christianity. Most Greek churches dedicated to the Virgin Mary are called Panagia; the standard western Christian designation of "St. Mary" is rarely used in the Orthodox East, as Mary is considered the holiest of all created beings and therefore of higher status than the Saints.) years later, a certain Elder and his disciple were living in a cave near Karyes. a Saturday night in 982, the Elder went to attend the All-Night Vigil at Karyes, leaving his disciple behind to read the service in their cell. it was dark, an unknown monk came to the cell. He said that his name was Gabriel, and the disciple invited him to come in. it was time for the Vigil, the two monks began to pray before the Icon of the Mother of God. they finished the eighth Ode of the Canon, the disciple began to chant: “My soul magnifies the Lord...” and then he sang the Irmos of Saint Cosmas the Hymnographer (Oct. 14): “More honorable than the Cherubim...” visitor then chanted the next verse: “For He hath regarded the lowliness of His handmaiden; for behold, henceforth all generations shall call me blessed.” instead of singing “More honorable...” the visitor prefaced it with: “It is truly meet to bless thee, O Theotokos, ever blessed and most pure, and the Mother of our God.” he continued with “More honorable.” the singing of this hymn, the Icon was illumined with a heavenly light, the disciple was moved to tears He asked his guest to write down the new words, but there was no paper. stranger took a roofing tile and wrote the entire hymn upon it with his finger, as though it were made of wax. disciple then realized that this was no ordinary monk, but the Archangel Gabriel. The heavenly visitor told him, “Sing the hymn this way, and all of the Orthodox as well.” Then, he disappeared. light continued to shine forth from the Icon for a long time. Eleousa (Merciful) Icon of the Mother of God, before which the hymn “It Is Truly Meet” was first sung, was transferred to the katholikon at Karyes. tile, with the hymn written on it by the Archangel Gabriel, was taken to Constantinople when Saint Nicholas Chrysoberges (December 16) was Patriarch. copies of the “It Is Truly Meet” Icon are revered in Russian churches. At the Galerna Harbor of St. Petersburg a church with five cupolas was built in honor of the “Merciful” Mother of God, and into it they placed a grace-bearing copy of the “Axion Estin” Icon sent from Mount Athos. inscription on the scroll held by Christ reads: “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me.” Axion Estin Icon kept at the High Place in the sanctuary of the Holy Dormition katholikon at Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos. on the Igoumen's stone chair, the Icon is an object of great veneration. church is known as Protaton because it was the first church to be built on the Holy Mountain in 843 by Saint Athanasios the Athonite (July 5) iconography of the church was done in the XIII century by the renowned iconographer Emmanuel Panselinos. Icon takes its name from the hymn we sing after the epiklesis during the Divine Liturgy. cell where the miracle took place is known today by the name “Axion Estin.” miracle occurred on June 11, 982 on a Sunday. miraculous tile on which was the hymn was transcribed was transferred to the Patriarchate of Constantinople and was displayed for veneration by the faithful in the imperial palace Church of Saint Stephen. that time on, the expanded hymn Axion Estin became part of the Divine Liturgy and other services of the Church. Icon is especially honored with festivities and a procession on Bright Monday, and many miracles take place on that day. Icon itself is a bit faded, but is now covered by a silver riza. has been restored recently and is in good condition. is an inscription: “Μήτηρ Θεού Καρυώτισσα” or “Mother of God Karyotissa (of Karyes).” it came from Constantinople, and belongs to the Panagia Eleousa type, which was first painted by the Holy Apostle and Evangelist Luke. the one thousand year anniversary of Mount Athos in 1963, the Axion Estin Icon left the Holy Mountain for the first time to be venerated in Athens by thousands of faithful. 1985 it was brought to Thessaloniki aboard a military ship and received there with the same honors as a Head of State.

Greece, Mt Athos, 800 9th Century Folder, Iveron Icon floats from Nicea

Greece, Mt Athos, 829-842, Iviron Icon, Nicean widow, spear, blood flowed, on water to Iveron, Gabriel on water, icon at gate
Greece, Mt Athos, 829-842, Iviron Icon, iconoclasm heresy, soldiers searching for icons, Nicean widow, spear into her icon, blood flowed, soldiers fled, virgil all night, cast it upon water, levitated upright, sailed westward, to Iveron, pillar of light, Theotokos, Gabriel alone worthy to receive icon, Gabriel walks out on water to receive it, cold sweet spring where Icon stood, then icon hanging near entrance gate; Iviron monastery ; Icon of the Mother of God Iveron, Commemorated on February 12; the reign of Emperor Theophilus (829-842) the Byzantine Empire raged with the heresy of iconoclasm. In accordance with the emperor’s command, thousands of soldiers pillaged the empire, searching every corner, city, and village for hidden icons. the city of Nicaea there lived a certain pious widow who had concealed an icon of the Most Holy Theotokos. Before long the soldiers discovered it, and one of them thrust his spear into the image. by God’s grace his terrible deed was overshadowed by a miracle: blood flowed forth from the wound on the face of the Mother of God. frightened soldiers quickly fled. widow spent the whole night in vigil, praying before the icon of the Most Holy Theotokos. In the morning, according to God’s will, she took the icon to the sea and cast it upon the water. The holy icon stood upright on the waves and began to sail westward. passed, and one evening the monks of the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos beheld a pillar of light, shining upon the sea like the sun (ca. 1004). The miraculous image lasted several days, while the fathers of the Holy Mountain gathered together, marveling. Finally they descended to the edge of the sea, where they beheld the pillar of light standing above the icon of the Theotokos. But when they approached it, the icon moved farther out to sea. that time a Georgian monk named Gabriel was laboring at the Iveron Monastery. The Theotokos appeared to the fathers of the Holy Mountain and told them that Gabriel alone was worthy to retrieve the holy icon from the sea. the same time, she appeared to Gabriel and told him, “Enter the sea, and walk out upon the waves with faith, and all will witness my love and mercy for your monastery.” monks of Mt. Athos found Gabriel at the Georgian monastery and led him down to the sea, chanting hymns, and censing with holy incense. Gabriel walked out upon the water as though upon dry land, took the icon in his arms, and obediently carried it back to shore. miracle occurred on Bright Tuesday. the monks were celebrating a paraklesis of thanksgiving, a cold, sweet spring miraculously gushed forth from the ground where the icon stood. Afterwards they took the icon to a church and set it down in the sanctuary with great reverence. the next morning one of the monks came to light a lamp and discovered that the icon was no longer where they had left it; now it was hanging on a wall near the entrance gate. The disbelieving monks took it down and returned it to the sanctuary, but the next day the icon was again found at the monastery gate. This miracle recurred several times, until the Most Holy Virgin appeared to Gabriel, saying, “Announce to the brothers that from this day they should not carry me away. For what I desire is not to be protected by you; rather I will overshadow you, both in this life and in the age to come. As long as you see my icon in the monastery, the grace and mercy of my Son shall never be lacking!” with exceeding joy, the monks erected a small church near the monastery gate to glorify the Most Holy Theotokos and placed the wonderworking icon inside. The holy icon came to be known as the “Ivḗron Mother of God” and, in Greek, Portaitissa. By the grace of the miraculous Ivḗron Icon of the Theotokos, many miracles have taken place and continue to take place throughout the world. ------------------------------------------------------

Greece, Mt Athos, 842, Iviron Icon Appearance, from Nicea, standing on water to I, fiery pillar, G w on water, to g protecting I
Greece, Mt Athos, 842, Iviron Icon Appearance, monastery (seaport, Serbian and Georgian, Mt Athos) from Nicea, standing on water to Athos, fiery pillar, Gabriel w on water, to gate protecting Iveron Monastery; Iviron monastery ; Appearance of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on March 31; Iveron Icon of the Mother of God (which is preserved on Mt. Athos) was kept in the home of a certain pious widow, who lived near Nicea. During the time of the emperor Theophilus, the Iconoclasts came to the house of this Christian, and one of the soldiers struck the image of the Mother of God with a spear. Blood flowed from the place where it was struck. widow, fearing its destruction, promised the imperial soldiers money and implored them not to touch the icon until morning. When the soldiers departed, the woman and her son (later an Athonite monk), sent the holy icon away upon the sea to preserve it. The icon, standing upright upon the water, floated to Athos. several days, the Athonite monks had seen a fiery pillar on the sea rising up to the heavens. They came down to the shore and found the holy image, standing upon the waters. After a Molieben of thanksgiving, a pious monk of the Iveron monastery, Saint Gabriel (July 12), had a dream in which the Mother of God appeared to him and gave him instructions. So he walked across the water, and taking up the holy icon, he placed it in the church. the following day, however, the icon was found not within the church, but on the gates of the monastery. This was repeated several times, until the Most Holy Theotokos revealed to Saint Gabriel Her will, saying that She did not want the icon to be guarded by the monks, but rather She intended to be their Protectress. After this, the icon was installed on the monastery gates. Therefore this icon came to be called “Portaitissa” or “Gate-Keeper” (October 13). This comes from the Akathist “Rejoice, O Blessed Gate-Keeper who opens the gates of Paradise to the righteous.” is a tradition that the Mother of God promised Saint Gabriel that the grace and mercy of Her Son toward the monks would continue as long as the Icon remained at the monastery. It is also believed that the disappearance of the Iveron Icon from Mt. Athos would be a sign of the end of the world. Iveron Icon is also commemorated on February 12, October 13 (its arrival in Moscow in 1648), and Bright Tuesday (commemorating the appearance of the Icon in a pillar of fire at Mt. Athos and its recovery by Saint Gabriel).

Greece, Mt Athos, 842, Gabriel tGeorgian oMt Athos, Iveron monastery, chosen by MOG to walk on water tRetrieve Iveron Icon
Greece, Mt Athos, 842, Gabriel tGeorgian oMt Athos, Iveron monastery (seaport, Serbian and Georgian, Mt Athos), silence aIveron winter only, summer inaccessible clifts roots herbs, heavenly man earthly angel, icon arrives Iveron, pillar oLight oSea, several days, floating upright, drifted away fBoat, prayed, MOG appeared, told Gabriel only one worthy, appeared tGabriel, told him walk on water tGet it, image drew near, see Feb 12th; Iviron monastery ; Venerable Gabriel the Georgian of Mount Athos, Commemorated on July 12; Gabriel was a monk of the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos. summer he would withdraw to the inaccessible cliffs, and in winter he would return to the monastery and observe a strict rule of silence. in a coarse robe and eating nothing but roots and herbs, Saint Gabriel was truly a “heavenly man and an earthly angel.” at dusk, the monks of the monastery beheld a pillar of light shining forth upon the sea. vision lasted for several days, and finally monks from every monastery on the Holy Mountain gathered and descended together to the sea. beheld an icon of the Mother of God shining brilliantly and floating upright upon the surface of the water. fathers lowered a boat onto the water, hoping to bring the icon back with them to the shore, but each time their boat approached the icon, it drifted farther out to sea. the frustrated monks offered prayers and supplications to God in order to discern His will, the Most Holy Theotokos appeared in a divine revelation told them that the monk Gabriel alone was worthy to bring the icon bearing her image out from the sea. the same time, she appeared to the God-fearing Gabriel and told him, “Enter onto the sea and walk out upon the waves with faith, and I will send my love and mercy upon all the monks of this monastery.” elders of Mt. Athos located the rocky dwelling of the hermit Gabriel not far from the Iveron Monastery. brought Gabriel with them and went down to the sea with hymns and censing. stepped out onto the water and, walking upon the waves as upon dry land, approached the icon. the same time, the holy image drew nearer to him. the holy icon to his breast, Gabriel crossed back over the waves and delivered the icon safely to the shore. story of the miraculous Iveron Icon of the Theotokos is recounted in detail in the commemorations for February 12.) Gabriel reposed peacefully on Mt. Athos.

Greece, Mt Athos, 900, 10th Century Folder, Georgian Monasteries, Saint Athanasius Larva, Iveron, Dochiariou

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 963, Lavra of St Athanasius, First Larva of Mt Athos, Economissa, Georgian
Macedonia, 963, Lavra of St Athanasius, First Larva of Mt Athos; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1 ; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14 ; Venerable Gregory the Byzantine, Commemorated on April 6; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13; St Michael the Confessor the Bishop of Synnada, Commemorated on May 23; St (John) Tornike of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 12; Venerable Niphon of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 14; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; 6 Venerable Disciples of St Athanasius On Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Icon of the Mother of God "Economissa", Commemorated July 5 ; Economissa (or Stewardess) Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos depicts the Mother of God seated on a throne, with Her Son on her left knee. Saint Athanasius of Mt Athos (July 5) stands on her right, holding a model of the Great Lavra. On her left is Saint Michael of Synnada (May 23). Two angels hold a crown above her head. Mother of God has been considered the Stewardess of the Holy Mountain ever since the tenth century when the Great Lavra was being built. Athanasius of Mt Athos was abandoned by his monks because there was a shortage of food and money. He also left the half-built Lavra, and began walking toward Karyes, intending to ask for advice about whether or not to beg the emperor for the funds needed to complete the building. After about two hours, he saw a beautiful woman standing before him wearing a long blue veil. “I know your sorrow,â€ She said, “and I would like to help. Where are you going?â€ Athanasius explained everything that had happened, and She asked, “Have you deserted your monastery for a morsel of bread? Go back! You will have everything you need in abundance, if you do not abandon your monastery.â€ “Who are you?â€ the astonished saint inquired. “I am the Mother of your Lord,â€ She replied. Athanasius hesitated to believe Her, afraid of being deceived by the Evil One. Then he asked Her how he could be sure that Her words were true. “Do you see this rock?â€ she asked, pointing to the side of the path. “Strike it with your staff in the name of the Holy Trinity, and you will know who is speaking to you. Do not appoint a steward at any time, for from this time forward, I shall be the Stewardess of your monastery.â€ Athanasius did as he was told, and the rock split open. A stream of water began to flow out of the crack. When he turned to face the Mother of God and to ask forgiveness for his doubt, She had disappeared. to the monastery, Saint Athanasius found all the storerooms filled to capacity with food, wine, and oil. The building was completed, and soon the Lavra was filled with monks once again. this day, the Lavra does not have a steward. There is, however, a monk who serves as an assistant steward to the Mother of God. The Economissa Icon rests on a throne in the narthex of the main church, and She remains the Stewardess of the Lavra. Pilgrims venerate the Icon before entering the side chapel with the saint’s tomb. spring of Saint Athanasius still flows with healing water. Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5 ;

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 963, Economissa Icon, Mt Athos, MOG stops Athanasius & promises to lead his monastery
Greece, Mt Athos, 963, Economissa Icon, The spring of St Athanasius, Mt Athos, 5 or 6 Miles, MOG stops Athanasius from leaving and promises to build and lead his monastery; Athanasius of Athos; Icon of the Mother of God "Economissa", Commemorated July 5 ; Economissa (or Stewardess) Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos depicts the Mother of God seated on a throne, with Her Son on her left knee. Saint Athanasius of Mt Athos (July 5) stands on her right, holding a model of the Great Lavra. On her left is Saint Michael of Synnada (May 23). Two angels hold a crown above her head. Mother of God has been considered the Stewardess of the Holy Mountain ever since the tenth century when the Great Lavra was being built. Athanasius of Mt Athos was abandoned by his monks because there was a shortage of food and money. He also left the half-built Lavra, and began walking toward Karyes, intending to ask for advice about whether or not to beg the emperor for the funds needed to complete the building. After about two hours, he saw a beautiful woman standing before him wearing a long blue veil. “I know your sorrow,” She said, “and I would like to help. Where are you going?” Athanasius explained everything that had happened, and She asked, “Have you deserted your monastery for a morsel of bread? Go back! You will have everything you need in abundance, if you do not abandon your monastery.” “Who are you?” the astonished saint inquired. “I am the Mother of your Lord,” She replied. Athanasius hesitated to believe Her, afraid of being deceived by the Evil One. Then he asked Her how he could be sure that Her words were true. “Do you see this rock?” she asked, pointing to the side of the path. “Strike it with your staff in the name of the Holy Trinity, and you will know who is speaking to you. Do not appoint a steward at any time, for from this time forward, I shall be the Stewardess of your monastery.” Athanasius did as he was told, and the rock split open. A stream of water began to flow out of the crack. When he turned to face the Mother of God and to ask forgiveness for his doubt, She had disappeared. to the monastery, Saint Athanasius found all the storerooms filled to capacity with food, wine, and oil. The building was completed, and soon the Lavra was filled with monks once again. this day, the Lavra does not have a steward. There is, however, a monk who serves as an assistant steward to the Mother of God. The Economissa Icon rests on a throne in the narthex of the main church, and She remains the Stewardess of the Lavra. Pilgrims venerate the Icon before entering the side chapel with the saint’s tomb. spring of Saint Athanasius still flows with healing water. Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Athanasius of Athos, in holy Baptism named Abraham, was born in the city of Trebezond. He was orphaned at an early age, and being raised by a certain good and pious nun, he imitated his adoptive mother in the habits of monastic life, in fasting and in prayer. Doing his lessons came easily and he soon outpaced his peers in study. the death of his adoptive mother, Abraham was taken to Constantinople, to the court of the Byzantine emperor Romanus the Elder, and was enrolled as a student under the renowned rhetorician Athanasius. In a short while the student attained the mastery of skill of his teacher and he himself became an instructor of youths. Reckoning as the true life that of fasting and vigilance, Abraham led a strict and abstinent life, he slept little and then only sitting upon a stool, and barley bread and water were his nourishment. When his teacher Athanasius through human weakness became jealous of his student, blessed Abraham gave up his teaching position and went away. these days there had arrived at Constantinople Saint Michael Maleinos (July 12), igumen of the Kyminas monastery. Abraham told the igumen about his life, and revealed to him his secret desire to become a monk. The holy Elder, discerning in Abraham a chosen vessel of the Holy Spirit, became fond of him and taught him much in questions of salvation. One time during their spiritual talks Saint Michael was visited by his nephew, Nikēphóros Phocas, a military officer and future emperor. Abraham’s lofty spirit and profound mind impressed Nikēphóros, and all his life he regarded the saint with reverent respect and with love. Abraham was consumed by his zeal for the monastic life. Having forsaken everything, he went to the Kyminas monastery and, falling down at the feet of the holy igumen, he begged to be received into the monastic life. The igumen fulfilled his request with joy and tonsured him with the name Athanasius. long fasts, vigils, bending of the knees, with works night and day Athanasius soon attained such perfection, that the holy igumen blessed him for the exploit of silence in a solitary place not far from the monastery. Later on, having left Kyminas, he made the rounds of many desolate and solitary places, and guided by God, he came to a place called Melanos, at the very extremity of Athos, settling far off from the other monastic dwellings. Here the monk made himself a cell and began to live an ascetical life in works and in prayer, proceeding from exploit to exploit towards higher monastic attainment. enemy of mankind tried to arouse in Saint Athanasius hatred for the place chosen by him, and assaulted him with constant suggestions in thought. The ascetic decided to suffer it out for a year, and then wherever the Lord should direct him, he would go. On the last day of this year’s length of time, when Saint Athanasius set about to prayer, a heavenly light suddenly shone upon him, filling him with an indescribable joy, all the thoughts dissipated, and from his eyes welled up graced tears. From that moment Saint Athanasius received the gift of tenderness , and he became as strongly fond of the place of his solitude as he had formerly loathed it. this time Nikēphóros Phocas, having had enough of military exploits, remembered his vow to become a monk and from his means he besought Saint Athanasius to build a monastery, i.e., to build cells for him and the brethren, and a church where the brethren could commune of the Divine Mysteries of Christ on Sundays. to shun cares and worries, Saint Athanasius at first would not agree to accept the hateful gold, but seeing the fervent desire and good intent of Nikēphóros, and discerning in this the will of God, he set about the building of the monastery. He built a large church in honor of the holy Prophet and Forerunner of Christ, John the Baptist, and another church at the foot of a hill, in the name of the Most Holy Theotokos. Around the church were the cells, and a wondrous monastery arose on the Holy Mountain. In it were a trapeza (dining area), a hospice for the sick and for taking in wanderers, and other necessary structures. flocked to the monastery from everywhere, not only from Greece, but also from other lands, simple people and illustrious dignitaries, desert-dwellers having labored in asceticism for long years in the wilderness, igumens from many monasteries and hierarchs wanting to become simple monks in the Athos Lavra of Saint Athanasius. saint established at the monastery a cenobitic monastic Rule on the model of the old Palestinian monasteries. Divine services were served with all strictness, and no one was so bold as to talk during the services, nor to come late or leave the church without necessity. Heavenly Patroness of Athos, the All-Pure Mother of God Herself, was graciously disposed towards the saint. Many times he was privileged to see Her with his own eyes. God’s dispensation, there once occurred such a hunger, that the monks one after the other quit the Lavra. The saint remained all alone and, in a moment of weakness, he also considered leaving. Suddenly he beheld a Woman beneath an ethereal veil, coming to meet him. “Who are you and where are you going?” She asked quietly. Saint Athanasius from an innate deference halted. “I am a monk from here,” Saint Athanasius replied, and spoke about himself and his worries. “Would you forsake the monastery which was intended for glory from generation unto generation, just for a morsel of dry bread? Where is your faith? around, and I shall help you.” “Who are you?” asked Athanasius. “I am the Mother of the Lord,” She answered, and bid Athanasius to strike his staff upon a stone. From the fissure there gushed forth a spring of water, which exists even now, in remembrance of this miraculous visitation. brethren grew in number, and the construction work at the Lavra continued. Athanasius, foreseeing the time of his departure to the Lord, prophesied about his impending end and besought the brethren not to be troubled over what he foresaw. “For Wisdom disposes otherwise than as people judge.” The brethren were perplexed and pondered the words of the saint. giving the brethren his final guidance and comforting all, Saint Athanasius entered his cell, put on his mantiya and holy kukolion (head covering), which he wore only on great feasts, and emerged after prolonged prayer. and joyful, the holy igumen went up with six of the brethren to the top of the church to inspect the construction. through the imperceptible will of God, the top of the church collapsed. Five of the brethren immediately gave up their souls to God. Saint Athanasius and the architect Daniel, thrown upon the stones, remained alive. heard the saint call out to the Lord, “Glory to Thee, O God! Lord, Jesus Christ, help me!” The brethren with great weeping began to dig out their father from the rubble, but they found him already dead.

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 963-969, Byzantine Emperor, Nikephorus Phokas, Orthodox, Successful M. exploits
Byzantine Emperor, 963-969, Nikephorus Phokas ; Venerable Michael of Maleinus, Commemorated July 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God œQuick to HearÂ, Commemorated on November 9; Venerable Neophytus the Co-Founder of the Dochiariou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 9; Martyr Luke of Jerusalem, the Georgian, Commemorated on February 12; Venerable Simeon the New Theologian, Commemorated on March 12; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13 ; St Euthymius the New, Founder of the Iveron Monastery and His Fellow Georgian Saints of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13 ; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5;

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 963-1003, Saint, Athanasius the Athonite
Greece, Macedonia, Mt. Athos, 940-1003, Saint, Athanasius the Athonite; St. Euthymius the New, Founder of the Iveron Monastery and His Fellow Georgian Saints of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; St. Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13;

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 975, Dochiariou Monastery founded by Euthymius, Georgian
Macedonia, 975-1024, Iberian Saint, Euthymius the Athonite, The Illuminator ; Son of Georgia, Iberian Saint, 955-1002, John the Iberian, John of Georgia; Venerable Euthymius, founder of Dochiariou Monastery (Mount Athos 10th c.), and Venerable Neophytus, Co-founder of the Monastery, Commemorated on November 9; St John of Georgia, Commemorated on November 4;

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 975-1024, Euthymius the Athonite, The Illuminator, Georgian
Macedonia, 975-1024, Iberian Saint, Euthymius the Athonite, The Illuminator ; Son of Georgia, Iberian Saint, 955-1002, John the Iberian, John of Georgia; St John of Georgia, Commemorated on November 4;

Greece, Mt Athos, 975 after great larva, Vatopedi Comfort Icon, voice warned igumen to not open gates, pirates outside
Greece, Mt Athos, 807, Vatopedi Comfort Icon, voice warned igumen to not open gates, pirates outside; Vatopedi monastery ; Icon of the Mother of God "Comfort" or "Consolation", Commemorated January 21 ; Vatopedi “Comfort” or “Consolation” Icon of the Mother of God is in the old Vatopedi monastery on Athos, in the church of the Annunciation. was called “Vatopedi” because near this monastery Arcadius, the son of Empreor Theodosius the Great, fell off a ship into the sea, and by the miraculous intercession of the Mother of God he was carried to shore safe and unharmed. was found sleeping by a bush, not far from the monastery. From this event the name “Vatopedi” (“batos paidion,” “the bush of the child”) is derived. The holy Emperor Theodosius the Great (January 17), in gratitude for the miraculous deliverance of his son, embellished and generously endowed the Vatopedi monastery. the Vatopedi Icon, the Mother of God is depicted with Her face turned towards Her right shoulder. This is because on January 21, 807 She turned Her face towards the igumen of the monastery, who was standing near the holy icon, about to hand the keys of the monastery to the porter. A voice came from the icon and warned him not to open the monastery gates, because pirates intended to pillage the monastery. Then the Holy Child placed His hand over His Mother’s lips, saying, “Do not watch over this sinful flock, Mother, but let them fall under the sword of the pirates.” The Holy Virgin took the hand of Her Son and said again, “Do not open the gates today, but go to the walls and drive off the pirates.” The igumen took precautionary measures, and the monastery was saved. memory of this miraculous event a perpetual lamp burns in front of the wonderworking icon. Every day a Canon of Supplication is chanted in honor of the icon, and on Fridays the Divine Liturgy is celebrated. On Mt. Athos this icon is called “Paramythia,” “Consolation” (“Otrada”), or “Comfort” (“Uteshenie”). Icon of the Mother of God "Stabbed", Commemorated January 21; Icon of the Mother of God "Xenophon Hodigitria", Commemorated January 21 ; Venerable Neophytus of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated January 21 ;

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 980-983, Iveron Monestary, Mt Athos, (Georgia, Caucasian Iberia )
Caucasian Iberia; Caucasian Iberia (Iveron Monestary, Mt Athos, Macedonia); Martyr Romulus and with him many others, Commemorated September 6 ; New Martyr George of Iberia, Commemorated on January 2 ; New Martyr Theologia, Commemorated on January 2; GREGORY THE ILLUMINATOR, APOSTLE TO ARMENIA (23 March 332); Martyred Fathers and Mothers of Atchara, Commemorated on May 29; St George the God-Bearer, Commemorated on July 3;

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 980-1002, Saint, John the Iberian, John of Georgia
Georgia, Iberian Saint, 980-1002, John the Iberian, John of Georgia; Venerable George of Mt. Athos, the Builder, Commemorated on July 28; St John of Georgia, Commemorated on November 4;

Greece, Mt Athos, 982&717-41, Axion Estin Icon, Archangel Gabriel writes hymn oTile, after bloody icon floats fConstantinople

Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 1001-1065, George of Mt Athos, sent to Iveron to finish Ekvtime's work translating into Georgian
Georgia, 101-1065, George of Mt Athos, w Sabiana 7-10, 10-25 Khakhuli and Constantinople w philosophers and rhetoricians, back to Khakhuli, then to Jerusalem, black mts n Antioch, found spiritual father guide George the Recluse for 3 yrs, great schema, sent him to Iveron to continue translation into Georgian, failed to continue Ekvtime's work, rebuked by Tevdore, became abbot of I, resigned to translate, returned to Recluse, to I, finally to King Bagrat 1V and Georgia, returned to I after 5 yrs with Bagrat's wealth and 80 orphans, stopped in C and died, E took care of orphans; Georgia, 960-1000, Sabiana, Abbess of Sapara (Samtskhe) Monastery, the tree is known by its fruit, nuns of the Georgian Monasteries, Thekla, her b George the Lesser; Sapara (Samtskhe) Monastery; Venerable George of Mount Athos, Commemorated on June 27; George’s family had its roots in the region of Samtskhe in southern Georgia. George was born in Trialeti to the pious Jacob and Mariam. George reached the age of seven, the God-fearing and wise Abbess Sabiana of Tadzrisi Monastery in Samtskhe took him under her care. George spent three years at Tadzrisi, and when he was ten his father sent him to Khakhuli Monastery, to his own brothers Saints George the Scribe and Saba. after, Prince Peris Jojikisdze of Trialeti invited George’s uncle, George the Scribe, to stay with him, and George’s uncle took his young nephew with him. the Byzantine emperor Basil II subsequently summoned Peris and his family to Constantinople, accused him of conspiring against the throne, and had him beheaded. (At that time Trialeti was under the jurisdiction of Byzantium.) Peris’ faithful wife remained in Constantinople for twelve years and sent the young George to study with the finest philosophers and rhetoricians of that time. Emperor Basil was moved with compassion for the prince’s family and permitted them to return to Georgia. The twenty-five-year-old George returned to Khakhuli Monastery and “bowed his neck to the sweet yoke of monastic life.” George secretly left the monastery and, clad in beggars’ rags, journeyed to Jerusalem. After enduring many deprivations and overcoming a great number of obstacles, he reached the Black Mountains near Antioch and, after venerating the holy places and visiting several elders, began to search for a spiritual father and guide. He found the great Georgian elder Saint George the Recluse (the God-bearer) in an isolated cave and remained there with him for three years. Saint George the Recluse tonsured his disciple, “who had reached perfection of age, wisdom and understanding,” into the great schema and sent him to Jerusalem on a pilgrimage. to his teacher’s counsel, George then moved from Jerusalem to the Ivḗron Monastery on Mt. Athos to continue the work of Saint Ekvtime—the translation of theological texts from the Greek to the Georgian language. considered himself unworthy and unqualified to continue Saint Ekvtime’s great work, but Saint George the Recluse was insistent, so he set off for the Holy Mountain in humble obedience. monks of the Ivḗron Monastery received Saint George with great joy. But instead of translating the patristic texts as his spiritual father had advised him, George soon grew slothful and for seven years performed only the work of a novice. When Saint George the Recluse heard this, he sent his disciple Tevdore to Mt. Athos to rebuke him and remind him of the reason he had been sent there. Finally George of the Holy Mountain obeyed the will of his teacher, and soon he was enthroned as abbot of the monastery. that time on Saint George of the Holy Mountain pursued his work with great earnestness. He gathered information on Saints Ekvtime and John, compiled their Lives, translated their holy relics to ornate burial vaults covered in precious jewels, and enhanced the life of the monastery in many other ways. a visit to the Byzantine emperor Constantine Monomachus, the Georgian king Bagrat IV Kuropalates offered George the opportunity to return to Georgia to be consecrated bishop of Chqondidi and serve as his own spiritual adviser. But George declined, having already been drawn far from the vanity of the world. of the monastery was demanding, and George was forced to choose between his literary work and the life of the monastery. resigned as abbot and returned to Saint George the Recluse for counsel. But his teacher blessed him to return to the Ivḗron Monastery, so George set off again for Mt. Athos. God-fearing king Bagrat IV Kuropalates continued to ask Saint George to return to Georgia, and he finally consented to the will of the king and the catholicos. accordance with their request, the pious father instituted general guidelines for the qualifications and conduct of the clergy and wisely administered the affairs of the Church. Five years later Saint George returned to the Ivḗron Monastery. Before he departed, King Bagrat bestowed upon him much of his own wealth and saw him off with great respect. for Mt. Athos, Blessed George took with him eighty orphans. En route he stopped in Constantinople, and sensing that the day of his repose was near, he arranged for the orphans to be received in the emperor’s court. He personally requested that the emperor make provision for the orphaned children. George of the Holy Mountain reposed peacefully the next day, the Feast of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul. His Athonite brothers buried him on the monastery grounds with great reverence. Venerable Sabiana, Abbess of the Samtskhe Monastery, Commemorated on December 31; George reached the age of seven, the God-fearing and wise Abbess Sabiana of Tadzrisi Monastery in Samtskhe took him under her care. George spent three years at Tadzrisi, and when he was ten his father sent him to Khakhuli Monastery, to his own brothers Saints George the Scribe and Saba. nuns of Georgian monasteries have historically been outstanding in their diligence. God entrusted them with the special duties of ceaseless prayer, fasting, needlework, and the raising of orphans. Nuns have been regarded as vessels of sanctity and wisdom, and even royalty would kneel before them. Georgian noblemen would send their children to nuns to be brought up in the Christian Faith. According to the great church figure George the Lesser, when the parents of Saint George of the Holy Mountain decided to have their first-born daughter, Thekla, raised by nuns, they sent her to the “worthy and holy” Sabiana, who at that time was abbess of the Samtskhe Tadzrisi Monastery in southern Georgia. Sabiana welcomed Thekla and raised her as though she were her own natural daughter. long Thekla’s brother, the seven-year-old George, was also brought to the monastery, and Saint Sabiana spent three years educating and instructing him in the spiritual life. information on the life and labors of Saint Sabiana has sadly not been preserved. But as the Holy Gospel according to Saint Matthew attests, the tree is known by his fruit (Matt. 12:33). The high level of monastic life during Saint Sabiana’s abbacy and the pious lives of her spiritual children attest to the great spiritual heights she attained.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1000, 11th Century Folder, Foreteller Icon, Konstamonitou Monastery

Greece, Mt Athos, 1020, Foreteller Icon, Konstamonitou, tears begging supplies before icon, dream foretold oil&full pantry
Greece, Mt Athos, 1020, Foreteller Icon, Konstamonitou Monastery, Mt Athos, Macedonia, Feast Day approaching, supplies depleted, so much can't light church, fell asleep begging for church in front oIcon, heard voice in dream, oil vessels and pantry filled, virgil&MOG praise, icon now Foreteller; Konstamonitou Monastery; Foreteller Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on August 1 ; "Foreteller"1 Icon of the Mother of God is located in the katholikon (cathedral church) of Konstamonitou Monastery on Mount Athos, it became famous in the following way. August 1, 1020, the eve of the monastery’s Feast Day (The Transfer of the Relics of the Protomartyr Stephen from Jerusalem to Constantinople), Ecclesiarch Father Agathon, (Zacharias in the Schema) was overcome with great sorrow. Monastery’s Altar Feast was approaching, and its supplies were so depleted that there was not enough oil to light the church lamps for the solemn celebration. night, Father Agathon prayed before the Icon of the Mother of God with fervent tears. earnestly did he beg her to help the monastery that he became exhausted. down before the Icon, he fell asleep at once. a dream he heard a voice coming from the holy Icon telling him not to grieve, because the church vessels were now filled with oil, and the pantries contained everything that was necessary for the monastery's continued existence. Father Agathon awoke, he wondered if what he had been told in his dream was true. to the vessel where the oil was stored, he was overjoyed when he saw that it was filled to the brim. once, he reported his vision to Igoumen Hilarion, the Superior of Konstamonitou Monastery, and to all the brethren. went to inspect the pantries and discovered that all the necessary supplies were there in abundance. rejoiced because now, unexpectedly, they could light the church lamps for the service. by Igoumen Hilarion, they served the Vigil and sang praises to the Queen of Heaven for the miracle she had performed. this event, the wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God, before which Father Agathon had prayed, was known as the "Foreteller." she is placed in the Monastery's katholikon, on the wall, on the right hand side. Ever since this miracle took place, an "unsleeping" oil lamp remains lit before the Icon. his most informative book Bogomater (an account of the earthly life of the Mother of God, and of her wonderworking Icons), Poselyanin (+ February 13, 1931) states that there are two other Icons of the Theotokos on the Holy Mountain which are also called "Foreteller" - the "Paramythia," or "Consolation" Icon of Vatopaidi Monastery (January 21), and the Zographou Icon "Of the Akathist" (October 10).

Greece, Mt Athos, 1200, 13th Century Folder, Serbian, Bulgarian Hilandar M, Crusaders at Bulgarian Zographou

Greece, Mt Athos, 1198, Founding of Hilandar monastery, Mt Athos (Serbian and Bulgarian)
Hilandar monastery; Icon of the Mother of God "of the Three Hands" on Mt Athos; Icon of the Mother of God the "Milk-Giver" of the Hilandar Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated July 3 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the Three Hands on Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Damascus, Commemorated on December 4 ; St Daniel II the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated December 20 ; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Akathist, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God the œMilkgiver, Commemorated on January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God, the "Priestly", Commemorated January 12 ; Hieromartyr Damascene of Hilandar of Mt Athos, Commemorated January 16 ; Venerable Stephen (In Monasticism Simeon), the Myrrhgusher and Prince of Serbia, Commemorated on February 13 ; Venerable Damian of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated February 23 ; Translation of the relics of St Nicephorus the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on March 13 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the Akathist, Commemorated on March 27; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; Prophet Isaiah, Commemorated on May 9 ; St Nicodemus the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated on May 11 ; Venerable Paisius of Hilandar, Bulgaria, Commemorated on June 19; Icon of the Mother of God of œthe Three Hands, Commemorated on June 28; Icon of the Mother of God the œMilk-Giver of the Hilandar Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 3;

Greece, Mt Athos, 1198, Icon of Three Hands on Mt Athos, Hilandar monastery, donkey from Serbia story, icon igumen
Jerusalem, 717, Icon of the Mother of God Of the Three Hands, John of Damascus, Sabbas, Lavra of St Sava, Judea, near Jerusalem, iconodule writer, slandered by Leo III to caliph, hand cut off, MOG back on, to Sabbas, to Serbia, donkey to Hilandar, Icon became Igumen ; Hilandar monastery; Icon of the Mother of God œof the Three Hands on Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God Of the Three Hands: The wonderworking icon, which Saint John of Damascus (December 4) received healing of his amputated hand, given by him to the Lavra of Saint Savva the Sanctified. the thirteenth century the icon was in Serbia, afterwards it was miraculously transported to Athos to the Hilandar monastery. more detailed account about the icon is located under June 28. Greek usage, this Icon is commemorated on June 28, where a more detailed account is to be found. Icon of the Mother of God Of the Three Hands, Commemorated on June 28; Icon of the Mother of God, Of the Three Hands: the eighth century during the time of the Iconoclasts, Saint John of Damascus (December 4) was zealous in his veneration of holy icons. of this, he was slandered by the emperor and iconoclast Leo III the Isaurian (717-740), who informed the Damascus caliph that Saint John was committing treasonous acts against him. caliph gave orders to cut off the hand of the monk and take it to the marketplace. evening Saint John, having asked the caliph for the cut-off hand, put it to its joint and fell to the ground before the icon of the Mother of God. monk begged Our Lady to heal the hand, which had written in defense of Orthodoxy. long prayer he fell asleep and saw in a dream that the All-Pure Mother of God had turned to him promising him quick healing. this the Mother of God bid him toil without fail with this hand. awakened from sleep, Saint John saw that his hand was unharmed. thankfulness for this healing Saint John placed on the icon a hand fashioned of silver, from which the icon received its name Of Three Hands. iconographers, in their ignorance, have mistakenly depicted the Most Holy Theotokos with three arms and three hands.) to Tradition, Saint John wrote a hymn of thanksgiving to the Mother of God: “All of creation rejoices in You, O Full of Grace,” which appears in place of the hymn “It is Truly Meet” in the Liturgy of Saint Basil the Great. John Damascene accepted monasticism at the monastery of Saint Savva the Sanctified and there bestowed his wonderworking icon. Lavra presented the icon Of Three Hands in blessing to Saint Savva, Archbishop of Serbia (+ 1237, January 12). the time of an invasion of Serbia by the Turks, some Christians who wanted to protect the icon, entrusted it to the safekeeping of the Mother of God Herself. placed it upon a donkey, which without a driver proceeded to Athos and stopped in front of the Hilandar monastery. monks put the icon in the monastery’s cathedral church (katholikon). a time of discord over the choice of igumen, the Mother of God deigned to head the monastery Herself, and from that time Her holy icon has occupied the igumen’s place in the temple. the Hilandar monastery there is chosen only a vicar, and from the holy icon the monks take a blessing for every obedience. Greek usage, this Icon is commemorated on June 28; but on July 12 in Slavic usage.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1259, Martyrs killed by Latins at Iviron monastery
Greece, Mt Athos, 1259, Martyrs killed by Latins at Iviron monastery; monks began to settle on Mt. Athos in the middle of the 10th century, and a Georgian monastery, Iveron, was founded there not long after. that time foreign armies were constantly invading Mt. Athos. In the 13th century the Crusaders stormed through the region, and between 1259 and 1306 the pope’s private army devastated Mt. Athos several times. Monks of Zographou and Vatopedi monasteries and the Protaton were martyred for the Orthodox Faith, and the monks of the Iveron Monastery eventually met the same fate. this period Georgian and Greek ascetics labored together at the Iveron Monastery, and many young ascetics of the new generation began to arrive from Georgia. Crusaders demanded that the Iveron monks convert to Catholicism and acknowledge the primacy of the Roman pope. But the monks condemned their fallacies and anathematized the doctrine of the Catholics. to the Patericon of Athos, the Ivá¸—ron monks were forcibly expelled from their monastery. Nearly two hundred elderly monks were goaded like animals onto a ship that was subsequently sunk in the depths of the sea. The younger, healthier monks were deported to Italy and sold as slaves to the Jews. sources claim this tragedy took place in the year 1259, while others record that the Georgian monks of the Holy Mountain were subject to the Latin persecutions over the course of four years, from 1276 to 1280. Iviron monastery ; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13;

Greece, Athos, 1261-1282, Euthymius&12 Monks, Vatopedi monastery, Mt Athos, martyred for denouncing Latinizing Patriarchs
Greece, 1261-1282, Euthymius&12 Monks, Vatopedi monastery, Mt Athos, martyred for denouncing Latinizing Patriarchs Paleologos&Bekkos; Vatopedi monastery ; Venerable Euthymius and twelve other Monks, martyred at Vatopedi, Commemorated on January 4; Monk Martyr Euthymius, Igumen of the Vatopedi Monastery on Mount Athos, and twelve other monks suffered martyrdom denouncing the Latinizing Patriarchs Michael Paleologos (1261-1281) and John Bekkos (1275-1282) as heretics. Saint Euthymius was drowned in the sea, and the monks were hanged.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1274, 26 Monk-Martyrs of Zographou, burned alive by heretic Michael VIII, for no union with Rome
Greece, Mt Athos, 1274, 26 Monk-Martyrs of Zographou Monestary, Bulgarian, Mt Athos, burned alive by heretic Michael VIII, for not accepting union with Roman Church; Zographou Monastery; 26 Monk-Martyrs of Zographou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 21 ; July of 1274, the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII accepted a union with the Roman Church at Lyons, France. with dangers from Charles of Anjou, the Ottoman Turks, and other enemies, the emperor found such an alliance with Rome expedient. Union of Lyons required the Orthodox to recognize the authority of the Pope, the use of the Filioque in the Creed, and the use of azymes (unleavened bread) in the Liturgy. Joseph was deposed because he would not agree to these conditions. The monastic clergy and many of the laity, both at home and in other Orthodox countries, vigorously opposed the Union, denouncing the emperor for his political schemes and for his betrayal of Orthodoxy. January 9, 1275 a Liturgy was celebrated in Constantinople in which the Pope was commemorated as “Gregory, the chief pontiff of the Apostolic Church, and Ecumenical Pope. ” The emperor’s sister remarked, “It is better that my brother’s empire should perish, rather than the purity of the Orthodox Faith.” the infamous Crusade of 1204 when Latin crusaders sacked Constantinople, many of the people also preferred to submit to the infidels than to abandon the Orthodox Faith. martyrs of Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos were among those who were persecuted by Emperor Michael VIII Paleologos (1261-1282) and Patriarch John Bekkos (1275-1282) because they would not obey the imperial command to recognize the Union of Lyons. steadfastly kept the teachings of the Fathers of the Church, and fearlessly censured those who accepted Catholic doctrines. the authorities came to Mt. Athos to enforce the imperial policy, the monks of Zographou shut themselves up in their monastery. the tower they reproached those in favor of the Union, calling them lawless men and heretics. The attackers set the monastery on fire and burned the twenty-six martyrs alive. names of the martyrs are: Igumen Thomas, the monks Barsanuphius, Cyril, Micah, Simon, Hilarion, James, Job, Cyprian, Savva, James, Martinian, Cosmas, Sergius, Menas, Joasaph, Joannicius, Paul, Anthony, Euthymius, Dometian, Parthenius, and four laymen who died with them. holy martyrs are also commemorated on October 10.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1274, Bulgarian Zographou M, Crusaders, 26 Martyrs
Zographou Monastery; 26 Monk-Martyrs of Zographou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 21 ; July of 1274, the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII accepted a union with the Roman Church at Lyons, France. with dangers from Charles of Anjou, the Ottoman Turks, and other enemies, the emperor found such an alliance with Rome expedient. Union of Lyons required the Orthodox to recognize the authority of the Pope, the use of the Filioque in the Creed, and the use of azymes (unleavened bread) in the Liturgy. Joseph was deposed because he would not agree to these conditions. The monastic clergy and many of the laity, both at home and in other Orthodox countries, vigorously opposed the Union, denouncing the emperor for his political schemes and for his betrayal of Orthodoxy. January 9, 1275 a Liturgy was celebrated in Constantinople in which the Pope was commemorated as “Gregory, the chief pontiff of the Apostolic Church, and Ecumenical Pope.” emperor’s sister remarked, “It is better that my brother’s empire should perish, rather than the purity of the Orthodox Faith.” the infamous Crusade of 1204 when Latin crusaders sacked Constantinople, many of the people also preferred to submit to the infidels than to abandon the Orthodox Faith. martyrs of Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos were among those who were persecuted by Emperor Michael VIII Paleologos (1261-1282) and Patriarch John Bekkos (1275-1282) because they would not obey the imperial command to recognize the Union of Lyons. They steadfastly kept the teachings of the Fathers of the Church, and fearlessly censured those who accepted Catholic doctrines. the authorities came to Mt. Athos to enforce the imperial policy, the monks of Zographou shut themselves up in their monastery. From the tower they reproached those in favor of the Union, calling them lawless men and heretics. The attackers set the monastery on fire and burned the twenty-six martyrs alive. names of the martyrs are: Igumen Thomas, the monks Barsanuphius, Cyril, Micah, Simon, Hilarion, James, Job, Cyprian, Savva, James, Martinian, Cosmas, Sergius, Menas, Joasaph, Joannicius, Paul, Anthony, Euthymius, Dometian, Parthenius, and four laymen who died with them. holy martyrs are also commemorated on October 10. Venerable Cosmas the Bulgarian of Zographou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 21; Venerable Cosmas of the Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on September 22 ; Icon of the Mother of God "of the Akathist" of the Zographou Monastery, Commemorated October 10 ; 26 Martyrs of the Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos at the hands of the Crusaders, Commemorated October 10 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Akathist of Zographou Monastery, Commemorated on October 10; the XIII century, there was a certain Elder who spent his life in ascetical struggles on Mount Athos. He had the pious custom of reading the Akathist Hymn before the Icon of the Mother of God every day. day, while reading the Akathist, and silently repeating the word "rejoice," the Elder suddenly heard a voice coming from the Icon, "Rejoice also, Elder of God!" ascetic trembled in horror, but the voice continued: "Do not be afraid, but go to the monastery as soon as possible and announce to the brethren and to the Igoumen that the monastery is in danger from enemies who are already close by. Whoever is weak in patience, let him hide until the temptation passes; but as for those who are seeking crowns, let them stay." Elder left the cell right away and hurried to the monastery. As soon as he entered the gate, his eyes beheld the very Icon from his cell, before which he had just read the Akathist. An invisible, miraculous power had brought it there from the ascetic's cell. Elder fell down before the Icon with ardent prayer, and then with the Icon in his hands, he went to the Igoumen. The brotherhood, learning of the impending danger, was very worried. The more faint-hearted monks hastened to hide in the mountains, while twenty-six brave monks, including the Igoumen himself, remained in the monastery. The Elder, who received the heavenly revelation, also remained with them, so that he might comfort them during the coming trial. did not take long for their enemies to reach the monastery. These were Latins who at that time were trying to convert Orthodox Christians to Catholicism. Arriving at the monastery and approaching the tower in which the monks had locked themselves, they tried to persuade them to renounce Orthodoxy. In an effort to convince them to recognize the pope as the head of the Universal Church, the Latins promised the champions of Orthodoxy all sorts of favors and monetary rewards. But these faithful sons of the Orthodox Church remained adamant. the enemies of Orthodoxy piled wood around the tower and lit it. As they prayed to the Lord, the monks gave thanks to the Almighty for making them worthy of receiving the crown of martyrdom, and then all of them surrendered their spotless souls to the Heavenly Father. Their martyric death occurred on October 10, 1274. The names of the victims were added to the Synodikon of Zographou Monastery, as well as to the official calendar of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God, who warned the Elder about the impending disaster, was subsequently found unscathed under the ashes in the ruins of the monastery. Today this Icon is in the monastery, and an unsleeping lampada burns before it. is another Icon with the same name "of the Akathist" at Hilandar Monastery on Mount Athos. Information about that Icon may be found under January 12. Venerable Pimen the Bulgarian of the Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated November 3 ; St Hilarion the Georgian, the New, Commemorated February 14 ; Venerable Damian of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated February 23 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the AkathistÂ, Commemorated on March 27; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13;

Greece, Mt Athos, 1274, Zographou Akathist Icon and MOG Prepared 26 for Martyrdom
Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 1284, Zographou Akathist Icon and MOG Prepared 26 for Martyrdom day, while reading the Akathist, and silently repeating the word "rejoice," the Elder suddenly heard a voice coming from the Icon, "Rejoice also, Elder of God!" ascetic trembled in horror, but the voice continued: "Do not be afraid, but go to the monastery as soon as possible and announce to the brethren and to the Igoumen that the monastery is in danger from enemies who are already close by. Whoever is weak in patience, let him hide until the temptation passes; but as for those who are seeking crowns, let them stay." Zographou Monastery; Icon of the Mother of God of the Akathist of Zographou Monastery, Commemorated on October 10; the XIII century, there was a certain Elder who spent his life in ascetical struggles on Mount Athos. He had the pious custom of reading the Akathist Hymn before the Icon of the Mother of God every day. day, while reading the Akathist, and silently repeating the word "rejoice," the Elder suddenly heard a voice coming from the Icon, "Rejoice also, Elder of God!" ascetic trembled in horror, but the voice continued: "Do not be afraid, but go to the monastery as soon as possible and announce to the brethren and to the Igoumen that the monastery is in danger from enemies who are already close by. Whoever is weak in patience, let him hide until the temptation passes; but as for those who are seeking crowns, let them stay." Elder left the cell right away and hurried to the monastery. As soon as he entered the gate, his eyes beheld the very Icon from his cell, before which he had just read the Akathist. An invisible, miraculous power had brought it there from the ascetic's cell. Elder fell down before the Icon with ardent prayer, and then with the Icon in his hands, he went to the Igoumen. The brotherhood, learning of the impending danger, was very worried. The more faint-hearted monks hastened to hide in the mountains, while twenty-six brave monks, including the Igoumen himself, remained in the monastery. The Elder, who received the heavenly revelation, also remained with them, so that he might comfort them during the coming trial. did not take long for their enemies to reach the monastery. These were Latins who at that time were trying to convert Orthodox Christians to Catholicism. Arriving at the monastery and approaching the tower in which the monks had locked themselves, they tried to persuade them to renounce Orthodoxy. In an effort to convince them to recognize the pope as the head of the Universal Church, the Latins promised the champions of Orthodoxy all sorts of favors and monetary rewards. But these faithful sons of the Orthodox Church remained adamant. the enemies of Orthodoxy piled wood around the tower and lit it. As they prayed to the Lord, the monks gave thanks to the Almighty for making them worthy of receiving the crown of martyrdom, and then all of them surrendered their spotless souls to the Heavenly Father. Their martyric death occurred on October 10, 1274. The names of the victims were added to the Synodikon of Zographou Monastery, as well as to the official calendar of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God, who warned the Elder about the impending disaster, was subsequently found unscathed under the ashes in the ruins of the monastery. Today this Icon is in the monastery, and an unsleeping lampada burns before it. is another Icon with the same name "of the Akathist" at Hilandar Monastery on Mount Athos. Information about that Icon may be found under January 12. 26 Monk-Martyrs of Zographou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 21 ; July of 1274, the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII accepted a union with the Roman Church at Lyons, France. with dangers from Charles of Anjou, the Ottoman Turks, and other enemies, the emperor found such an alliance with Rome expedient. Union of Lyons required the Orthodox to recognize the authority of the Pope, the use of the Filioque in the Creed, and the use of azymes (unleavened bread) in the Liturgy. Joseph was deposed because he would not agree to these conditions. The monastic clergy and many of the laity, both at home and in other Orthodox countries, vigorously opposed the Union, denouncing the emperor for his political schemes and for his betrayal of Orthodoxy. January 9, 1275 a Liturgy was celebrated in Constantinople in which the Pope was commemorated as “Gregory, the chief pontiff of the Apostolic Church, and Ecumenical Pope.” emperor’s sister remarked, “It is better that my brother’s empire should perish, rather than the purity of the Orthodox Faith.” the infamous Crusade of 1204 when Latin crusaders sacked Constantinople, many of the people also preferred to submit to the infidels than to abandon the Orthodox Faith. martyrs of Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos were among those who were persecuted by Emperor Michael VIII Paleologos (1261-1282) and Patriarch John Bekkos (1275-1282) because they would not obey the imperial command to recognize the Union of Lyons. They steadfastly kept the teachings of the Fathers of the Church, and fearlessly censured those who accepted Catholic doctrines. the authorities came to Mt. Athos to enforce the imperial policy, the monks of Zographou shut themselves up in their monastery. From the tower they reproached those in favor of the Union, calling them lawless men and heretics. The attackers set the monastery on fire and burned the twenty-six martyrs alive. names of the martyrs are: Igumen Thomas, the monks Barsanuphius, Cyril, Micah, Simon, Hilarion, James, Job, Cyprian, Savva, James, Martinian, Cosmas, Sergius, Menas, Joasaph, Joannicius, Paul, Anthony, Euthymius, Dometian, Parthenius, and four laymen who died with them. holy martyrs are also commemorated on October 10. Icon of the Mother of God œof the AkathistÂ, Commemorated on March 27; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13;

Greece, Mt Athos, 1282, Martyrs of Karyes, by Latins, fire and sword, apostate Paleologos, burned Protaton basilica
Greece, Mt Athos, 1282, Martyrs of Karyes, Athos, m by t Latins, fire and sword, during apostate Mike Paleologos, burned Protaton basilica, Protos hanged, others by swords; Serbian Bishop Saint Sava built a church and cell at Karyes, where he stayed for some years, becoming a Hieromonk, then an Archimandrite in 1201. He wrote the Karyes Typicon during his stay there, and a marble inscription of his work still exists.[2] In 1219 Sava becomes the first Archbishop of Serbia.[2] the year 1283, Latin Crusaders during the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Michael Paleologos, attacked Mount Athos. They tortured and hanged the Protos, and sacked the Protaton, murdering many of the monks. These monks are commemorated as martyrs by the Orthodox Church on December 5 (for those churches which follow the traditional Julian Calendar, December 5 falls on December 18 of the Gregorian Calendar). Kayes; Venerable Philotheus of Karyes of Mt Athos, Commemorated December 5 ; Philotheus of Karyes lived an ascetic life on Athos in the cell of Iagari near Karyes. was the Spiritual Father of Saint Nectarius. Because of the purity of his life, he was granted the gift of clairvoyance. Monastic Martyrs of Karyes, Commemorated on December 5 ; Holy Monastic Martyrs of Karyes were martyred by the Latins who came with fire and sword onto Mount Athos during the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Michael Paleologos (1259-1282), an apostate from Orthodoxy. in upon the Karyes monastery, the Latins burned and devastated the Church of the Protaton [the only basilica on the Holy Mountain, built in 965], “leaving no one alive.” -------------------------------------------------The Protos of the Holy Mountain, who had denounced the Latin rationalising as heresy, was after much torture hanged before the Protaton at the place called Chalkhos. hidden in caves around Karyes were cut down with swords. See October 10.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1300, 14th Century Folder, Hesychasts, Bulgarian Singer Composer Koukouzelis

Greece, Mt. Athos, 1300-1360, Saint, John Koukouzelis. Composer, Wonderworker and Singer, gold coin
Mt. Athos, 1300-1360, Saint, John Koukouzelis. Composer and Singer; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1; John Koukouzelis, a native of Dirrachia (Bulgaria), was orphaned in childhood. with a very fine voice, he entered the Constantinople court school. He found favor with the emperor John Comnenos (1118-1143) and became a chief court singer. The sumptuousness and luxury of the imperial court bothered the pious youth. Once, when asked what he had eaten for dinner, he replied, “Beans and peas.” The name Koukouzelis (beans and peas) stuck with him ever after. began to seek ways to escape the enticements of the court, as well as a marriage arranged for him by the emperor. By the will of God, John met an igumen from Mt. Athos who had come to Constantinople on monastery business. John revealed to the Elder his desire to leave the court. The Elder blessed John to come to the Holy Mountain. There John was accepted and tonsured a monk. was given the obedience of tending the monastery’s flock of goats. He took the flock to remote areas of the Holy Mountain to graze. There in the wilderness the youth was able to to pray, contemplate God, and sing the divine hymns in solitude. Charmed by the angelic beauty of his voice, the animals gathered around him and listened as though entranced. of modesty and humility the singer did not reveal his gift to the brethren. But once, a wilderness dweller overheard his moving pastoral song and informed the igumen. Saint John then revealed to the igumen that he had been a court singer. He tearfully implored him to remain in the wilderness with his flock. igumen was afraid that the emperor would find out that his favorite court singer was on the Holy Mountain and force him to return to court. Wishing to avoid the emperor’s displeasure the igumen journeyed to Constantinople to explain what had become of John and begged him not to hinder the young man from his salvific path. John Koukouzelis sang on the right cleros in the cathedral on Sundays and feastdays. Once, after singing an Akathist before an icon of the Mother of God, John was granted a great mercy. The Mother of God appeared to him in a dream and said, “Rejoice, John, and do not cease to sing. For that, I shall not forsake you.” With these works she placed into John’s hand a golden coin, then became invisible. This coin was placed beneath the icon. Many miracles have been credited to the coin and the icon. The icon, named the “Koukouzelissa” in memory of Saint John is located in the Lavra monastery of Saint Athanasius. It is commemorated on October 1, and on the 10th Friday after Pascha. Mother of God appeared to Saint John again and healed him of a grievous affliction of his legs, caused by the long standing in church. Saint John’s remaining days were spent in intense ascetic efforts. He also worked hard on the discipline of church singing, gaining the title of both master teacher and regent (overseer). arranged and compiled melodies for church stichera verses, troparia and kontakia. He edited texts of hymns and wrote his own troparia. Some of his compositions are also in the following manuscripts: “A Book, by the Will of God Encompassing All the Order of Progression of Church Services, Compiled by Master Teacher John Koukouzelis,” “Progression of Services, Compiled by Master Teacher John Koukouzelis, “From the Beginning of Great Vespers through to the Completion of the Divine Liturgy,” and “The Science of Song and Singing Signs with all the Legitimate Hand-Placement and with all the Arrangements of Song.” the hour of his death, Saint John took his leave of the brethren, and in his last wishes bade them to bury him in the Church of the Archangel that he built. Church singers reverence Saint John Koukouzelis as their own special patron saint.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1301-1355, Gregory Domesticus, Chanter Singer, MoG Gold Coin, All Creation Rejoices
Greece, Mt Athos, 1301-1355, Gregory Domesticus, Chanter Singer, Gold Coin from MoG for All Creation Rejoices instead of It is Meet; Great (first) Lavra of Mt. Athos (Megisti Lavra); Venerable Gregory Domesticus of the Great Lavra of Mt Athos, Commemorated October 1 ; Gregory Domesticus (leading chanter) was the contemporary of Saint John Koukouzelis, and lived in the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos in piety and asceticism. Like Saint John, he also sang in the right choir in the Great Lavra, and was even called Gregory Koukouzelis in honor of his instructor. Saint Gregory was known for his technical skill and for the sweetness of his voice. He chanted the Vigil service with great reverence and compunction, never sitting down in church. Callistus I (June 20) had started the practice of singing “All of creation rejoices” at the Liturgy of Saint Basil in place of “It is truly meet....” Patriarch Philotheus (October 8), who succeeded him, restored “It is truly meet” to Saint Basil’s Liturgy. Soon after this Saint Gregory sang “All of creation rejoices” at Liturgy on the eve of Theophany in the presence of Patriarch Gregory of Alexandria. The Most Holy Theotokos appeared to Saint Gregory and thanked him for singing the hymn in her honor. She also handed him a gold coin. From that time forward, “All of creation” has been sung at the Liturgy of Saint Basil. Gregory fell asleep in the Lord in 1355. Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1; John Koukouzelis, a native of Dirrachia (Bulgaria), was orphaned in childhood. with a very fine voice, he entered the Constantinople court school. He found favor with the emperor John Comnenos (1118-1143) and became a chief court singer. The sumptuousness and luxury of the imperial court bothered the pious youth. Once, when asked what he had eaten for dinner, he replied, “Beans and peas.” The name Koukouzelis (beans and peas) stuck with him ever after. began to seek ways to escape the enticements of the court, as well as a marriage arranged for him by the emperor. By the will of God, John met an igumen from Mt. Athos who had come to Constantinople on monastery business. John revealed to the Elder his desire to leave the court. The Elder blessed John to come to the Holy Mountain. There John was accepted and tonsured a monk. was given the obedience of tending the monastery’s flock of goats. He took the flock to remote areas of the Holy Mountain to graze. There in the wilderness the youth was able to to pray, contemplate God, and sing the divine hymns in solitude. Charmed by the angelic beauty of his voice, the animals gathered around him and listened as though entranced. of modesty and humility the singer did not reveal his gift to the brethren. But once, a wilderness dweller overheard his moving pastoral song and informed the igumen. Saint John then revealed to the igumen that he had been a court singer. He tearfully implored him to remain in the wilderness with his flock. igumen was afraid that the emperor would find out that his favorite court singer was on the Holy Mountain and force him to return to court. Wishing to avoid the emperor’s displeasure the igumen journeyed to Constantinople to explain what had become of John and begged him not to hinder the young man from his salvific path. John Koukouzelis sang on the right cleros in the cathedral on Sundays and feastdays. Once, after singing an Akathist before an icon of the Mother of God, John was granted a great mercy. The Mother of God appeared to him in a dream and said, “Rejoice, John, and do not cease to sing. For that, I shall not forsake you.” With these works she placed into John’s hand a golden coin, then became invisible. This coin was placed beneath the icon. Many miracles have been credited to the coin and the icon. The icon, named the “Koukouzelissa” in memory of Saint John is located in the Lavra monastery of Saint Athanasius. It is commemorated on October 1, and on the 10th Friday after Pascha. Mother of God appeared to Saint John again and healed him of a grievous affliction of his legs, caused by the long standing in church. Saint John’s remaining days were spent in intense ascetic efforts. He also worked hard on the discipline of church singing, gaining the title of both master teacher and regent (overseer). arranged and compiled melodies for church stichera verses, troparia and kontakia. He edited texts of hymns and wrote his own troparia. Some of his compositions are also in the following manuscripts: “A Book, by the Will of God Encompassing All the Order of Progression of Church Services, Compiled by Master Teacher John Koukouzelis,” “Progression of Services, Compiled by Master Teacher John Koukouzelis, “From the Beginning of Great Vespers through to the Completion of the Divine Liturgy,” and “The Science of Song and Singing Signs with all the Legitimate Hand-Placement and with all the Arrangements of Song.” the hour of his death, Saint John took his leave of the brethren, and in his last wishes bade them to bury him in the Church of the Archangel that he built. Church singers reverence Saint John Koukouzelis as their own special patron saint.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1316-1359, Gregory Palamas, Saint and Hesychast Defender
Greece, Macedonia, Mt Athos, 1316-1359, Gregory Palamas, Saint and Hesychast Defender; Hesychasm, Hesychast controversy, 1330's ; Lavra of St Athanasius; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14 ; Gregory Palamas, Archbishop of Thessalonica, was born in the year 1296 in Constantinople. Gregory’s father became a prominent dignitary at the court of Andronicus II Paleologos (1282-1328), but he soon died, and Andronicus himself took part in the raising and education of the fatherless boy. with fine abilities and great diligence, Gregory mastered all the subjects which then comprised the full course of medieval higher education. emperor hoped that the youth would devote himself to government work. Gregory, barely twenty years old, withdrew to Mount Athos in the year 1316 (other sources say 1318) and became a novice in the Vatopedi monastery under the guidance of the monastic Elder Saint Nikodemos of Vatopedi (July 11). There he was tonsured and began on the path of asceticism. year later, the holy Evangelist John the Theologian appeared to him in a vision and promised him his spiritual protection. Gregory’s mother and sisters also became monastics. the demise of the Elder Nikodemos, Saint Gregory spent eight years of spiritual struggle under the guidance of the Elder Nikephoros, and after the latter’s death, transferred to the Lavra of Saint Athanasius (July 5). Here he served in the trapeza, and then became a church singer. But after three years, he resettled in the small skete of Glossia, striving for a greater degree of spiritual perfection. head of this monastery began to teach the young man the method of unceasing prayer and mental activity, which had been cultivated by monastics, beginning with the great desert ascetics of the fourth century: Evagrius Pontikos and Saint Macarius of Egypt (January 19). on, in the eleventh century, Saint Simeon the New Theologian (March 12) had provided detailed instruction in mental activity for those praying in an outward manner, and the ascetics of Athos put it into practice. experienced use of mental prayer (or prayer of the heart), requiring solitude and quiet, is called “Hesychasm” (from the Greek “hesychia” meaning calm, silence), and those practicing it were called “hesychasts.” his stay at Glossia the future hierarch Gregory became fully imbued with the spirit of hesychasm and adopted it as an essential part of his life. the y, ear 1326, because of the threat of Turkish invasions, he and the brethren retreated to Thessalonica, where he was then ordained to the holy priesthood. Gregory combined his priestly duties with the life of a hermit. Five days of the week he spent in silence and prayer, and only on Saturday and Sunday did he come out to his people. celebrated divine services and preached sermons. For those present in church, his teaching often evoked both tenderness and tears. he visited theological gatherings of the city’s educated youth, headed by the future patriarch, Isidore. he returned from a visit to Constantinople, he found a place suitable for solitary life near Thessalonica the region of Bereia. Soon he gathered here a small community of solitary monks and guided it for five years. 1331 the saint withdrew to Mount Athos and lived in solitude at the skete of Saint Savva, near the Lavra of Saint Athanasius. 1333 he was appointed Igumen of the Esphigmenou monastery in the northern part of the Holy Mountain. 1336 the saint returned to the skete of Saint Savva, where he devoted himself to theological works, continuing with this until the end of his life. the 1330s events took place in the life of the Eastern Church which put Saint Gregory among the most significant universal apologists of Orthodoxy, and brought him great renown as a teacher of hesychasm. the year 1330 the learned monk Barlaam had arrived in Constantinople from Calabria, in Italy. He was the author of treatises on logic and astronomy, a skilled and sharp-witted orator, and he received a university chair in the capital city and began to expound on the works of Saint Dionysius the Areopagite (October 3), whose “apophatic” (“negative”, in contrast to “kataphatic” or “positive”) theology was acclaimed in equal measure in both the Eastern and the Western Churches. Barlaam journeyed to Mt Athos, where he became acquainted with the spiritual life of the hesychasts. Saying that it was impossible to know the essence of God, he declared mental prayer a heretical error. from Mount Athos to Thessalonica, and from there to Constantinople, and later again to Thessalonica, Barlaam entered into disputes with the monks and attempted to demonstrate the created, material nature of the light of Tabor (i.e. at the Transfiguration). He ridiculed the teachings of the monks about the methods of prayer and about the uncreated light seen by the hesychasts. Gregory, at the request of the Athonite monks, replied with verbal admonitions at first. But seeing the futility of such efforts, he put his theological arguments in writing. Thus appeared the “Triads in Defense of the Holy Hesychasts” (1338). the year 1340 the Athonite ascetics, with the assistance of the saint, compiled a general response to the attacks of Barlaam, the so-called “Hagiorite Tome.” the Constantinople Council of 1341 in the church of Hagia Sophia Saint Gregory Palamas debated with Barlaam, focusing upon the nature of the light of Mount Tabor. May 27, 1341 the Council accepted the position of Saint Gregory Palamas, that God, unapproachable in His Essence, reveals Himself through His energies, which are directed towards the world and are able to be perceived, like the light of Tabor, but which are neither material nor created. teachings of Barlaam were condemned as heresy, and he himself was anathemized and fled to Calabria. the dispute between the Palamites and the Barlaamites was far from over. To these latter belonged Barlaam’s disciple, the Bulgarian monk Akyndinos, and also Patriarch John XIV Kalekos (1341-1347); emperor Andronicus III Paleologos (1328-1341) was also inclined toward their opinion. whose name means “one who inflicts no harm,” actually caused great harm by his heretical teaching. Akyndinos wrote a series of tracts in which he declared Saint Gregory and the Athonite monks guilty of causing church disorders. The saint, in turn, wrote a detailed refutation of Akyndinos’ errors. patriarch supported Akyndinos and called Saint Gregory the cause of all disorders and disturbances in the Church (1344) and had him locked up in prison for four years. In 1347, when John the XIV was replaced on the patriarchal throne by Isidore (1347-1349), Saint Gregory Palamas was set free and was made Archbishop of Thessalonica. 1351 the Council of Blachernae solemnly upheld the Orthodoxy of his teachings. the people of Thessalonica did not immediately accept Saint Gregory, and he was compelled to live in various places. one of his travels to Constantinople the Byzantine ship fell into the hands of the Turks. Even in captivity, Saint Gregory preached to Christian prisoners and even to his Moslem captors. The Hagarenes were astonished by the wisdom of his words. Some of the Moslems were unable to endure this, so they beat him and would have killed him if they had not expected to obtain a large ransom for him. A year later, Saint Gregory was ransomed and returned to Thessalonica. Gregory performed many miracles in the three years before his death, healing those afflicted with illness. On the eve of his repose, Saint John Chrysostom appeared to him in a vision. With the words “To the heights! To the heights!” Saint Gregory Palamas fell asleep in the Lord on November 14, 1359. 1368 he was canonized at a Constantinople Council under Patriarch Philotheus (1354-1355, 1364-1376), who compiled the Life and Services to the saint. on November 14 ;

Greece, Mt Athos, 1323, Hearer Icon, woman there q, MOG&Jesus heard Cosmos, sent him tW, gifts clrvync, visions, time oDeath
Greece, Mt Athos, 1323, Hearer Icon oZographou Monestary, Bulgarian, Mt Athos, name came MOG & Jesus heared Cosmas when he questioned woman on Athos, they heard his pray and sent him to wilderness for salvation, received gifts clairvoyance, miracles, divine visions, time oDeath; Zographou Monastery; Hearer Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on September 22; wonderworking Icon is at Zographou Monastery on Mount Athos. name of the Hearer Icon of the Mother of God is explained by the following miraculous sign. venerable Cosmas was living a life of asceticism at Zographou Monastery in the XIV century. he was still a young man, he visited Vatopaidi Monastery on the Feast of the Annunciation, which is that Monastery's Feast Day. in the church during the service, and later in the trapeza, he saw a beautiful, majestic woman. Cosmas was astonished and troubled to see her there on Mount Athos, because no woman is permitted to set foot on the Holy Mountain, so he was unable to understand why the monks allowed her to be there. he was pondering these things, he returned to his Elder, who noticed his disciple's confusion and asked him, "Why are you so sad and pensive?" told him what he had seen at Vatopaidi Monastery, and revealed all of his doubts and thoughts about seeing a woman there with the monks. sort of woman was she," the Elder asked, "and how was she dressed?" described her appearance in detail. with a reproachful sigh, the Elder rebuked his disciple: "Didn't you bother to find out what sort of woman was at the monastery? This was not an ordinary mortal woman; she is the Queen of our Holy Mountain and of all creation herself!" some time after this, the venerable Cosmas remained alone in the monastery church, praying fervently before an Icon of the Mother of God. He exclaimed, "Most Holy Theotokos, pray that your Son and God may set me on the path of salvation!" soon as he uttered these words, he heard the voice of the Mother of God coming from the Icon and saying, "My Son and my God, teach Your servant how he may be saved." once the Lord replied, "Let him leave the monastery to live in solitude and in stillness" .1 the Superior's blessing, Saint Cosmas left his monastery and went into the wilderness, where he dug a cave out of a cliff, spending the rest of his life there in continuous asceticism. made great progress in the hesychastic life, and so he was found worthy of the gifts of clairvoyance, working miracles, seeing divine visions, and even predicting the time of his death, which occurred on September 22, 1323. Icon before which Saint Cosmas prayed, and from which he heard the voice of the Mother of God, was named "The Hearer," because she heard his prayer. is still in the katholikon of Zographou Monastery, in the altar, on the eastern wall, which extends into the diakonikon.2 1 In the Lives of the Saints, and the writings of the Holy Fathers, stillness, or quiet, is essential for mental prayer, or prayer of the heart. In order to be effective, the Jesus Prayer requires the greatest inner and outer quiet or stillness. It is also called pure prayer because it presupposes a mind and heart free from fantasies, passions, and thoughts. 2 The διακονικόν is a room on the south side of a church, behind the iconostasis, where vestments, books, charcoal, etc. are stored. There is a sink, towels, and other necessary items used in the services.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1347-1380, Dionysios, tBuilder oProdromou Monastery, Mt Athos i1375, first steep little Athos, then C&M
Greece, Mt Athos, 1347-1380, Dionysios, the builder of Prodromou Monastery, Mt Athos i1375, after brother Met oTrebizon, priesthood, asceticism steep Mt Little Athos or Antiathos, Old Prodromos, Panagia, then built church and Monaster, Alexios III through brother funded Forerunner M, died while in T getting Icons ; Prodromou Monastery; Saint Dionysios, the builder of Prodromou Monastery, Mount Athos, Commemorated on June 25; Dionysios was born in the village of Korissos, Kastoria, to pious parents who were farmers. a young age, he went to Mount Athos near his brother Theodosios. with the help of his brother’s own teacher, learned to study the Holy Scriptures, and quickly became distinguished for his humble mind and his charitable character. few years later, Emperor Alexios Komnenos III (1350 - 1390), Theodosios became a Metropolitan in Trebizond. was very pleased when he learned of this, first out of brotherly love, and second because now he could more easily carry out a plan of his own. his ordination to the priesthood, Saint Dionysios transferred his place of asceticism to the steep mountain of little Athos or Antiathos, the so-called Old Prodromos and the Panagia. Shortly thereafter, he wanted to build a church and a suitable monastery. That plan eventually succeeded by the grace of God. Thus, in 1375, Alexios III, through the intercession of his brother, Metropolitan Theodosios, approved the building of the Monastery of the honorable Forerunner and Baptist John. The emperor in Dionysios gave 50 somia (400,000 grosia), and then three thousand komninata for his work. Thus Saint Dionysios built the Monastery of the honorable Forerunner, which was known afterwards by the name given by her builder. Dionysius reposed in Trebizond, where he had gone to ask for further help from the emperor for the iconography of the monastery.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1350, 14th Century, Vatopedi Stabbed Icon, deacon, delayed by service, missed meal, stabbed icon, struck blind
Greece, Mt Athos, 1350, 14th Century, Vatopedi Stabbed Icon, deacon, delayed by service, missed meal, stabbed icon, struck blind, forgiven 3 yrs later, hand would be condemned at second coming, incorrupt black hand; Vatopedi monastery ; Icon of the Mother of God "Stabbed", Commemorated January 21; “Stabbed” Icon of the Mother of God, (Greek: “Esphagmeni.” Slavonic: “Zaklannaya”) dates from the fourteenth century, and is in the Vatopedi monastery on Mt. Athos, in a chapel dedicated to Saint Demetrius of Thessalonica. The icon was painted on canvas, and received its name of “The Stabbed” from the following event: certain ecclesiarch, a deacon of the Vatopedi monastery, was occupied with overseeing the order of a long service. Delayed by his duties, he was late for the meal in the trapeza. The annoyed cook refused to give him any food, and reminded him that he should come on time if he wished to eat. Offended, the deacon flew into a rage and he went to the church again. Standing before the icon of the Mother of God, he said, “How long must I go on serving You? I have toiled, but I have nothing to show for it. You don’t even care whether or not I have anything to eat!” he struck Her on the cheek with a knife and pierced right through the canvas. Blood flowed from the wound, and the deacon was struck blind. The terrified transgressor fell down right in front of the icon, trembling all over, like Cain, the murderer of old. igumen, served the all-night Vigil praying for mercy and the salvation of the hapless one. After three years the All-Holy Virgin appeared to the igumen and said that she had forgiven the deacon, and would restore his health, but his hand which committed the sacrilege would be condemned at the Lord’s Second Coming. deacon recovered his sight, and deeply repented of his transgression. Settling himself in a stall opposite the icon he stabbed, he spent the rest of his life in repentance before it. years after the deacon’s death, his bones were uncovered, according to the Athonite custom. His body had decomposed, but his right hand remained intact and was all black. This hand is preserved at the monastery in memory of the unfathomable love of the Mother of God. It is in rather poor condition, however, because Russian pilgrims would take pieces of it, believing it to be a relic. Icon of the Mother of God "Xenophon Hodigitria", Commemorated January 21 ; Venerable Neophytus of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated January 21 ;

Greece, Mt Athos, 1350-1390, Gennadius of Vatopedi, steward, oil shortage, MOG trust, overflowing oil, Icon
Greece, 1350-1390, Gennadius of Vatopedi, steward, oil shortage, MOG trust, overflowing oil, Icon; Vatopedi monastery ; Venerable Gennadius of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 17 ; Gennadius was the steward of the Vatopedi monastery on Mt Athos in the fourteenth century, and was in charge of supplies. the monastery’s oil began to run low, he tried to be economical with what remained by using oil just for the needs of the church. The cook began to complain to the Igumen, saying that he had no oil for preparing meals. The Igumen ordered Saint Gennadius to place his trust in the Mother of God, and to supply the oil for all the monastery’s needs. day, Saint Gennadius went to the storeroom and saw the tank overflowing with oil covering the floor as far as the door. This miracle was ascribed to the Most Holy Theotokos, and to Her Elaiovrytissa icon which stood nearby. Since that time, the icon has hung in the storeroom and has emitted an ineffable fragrance. Elaiovrytissa (“Flowing with oil”) Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos is commemorated on Bright Friday.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1369-1397, Callistus of Xanthopoulos, historian, Hesychasts d, divine light, faces shine like sun
Greece, Mt Athos, 1369-1397, Callistus of Xanthopoulos m & Magul skete, Mt Athos, near Philotheou, 28 yrs, Gregory of Sinai's story, directions to Hesychasts, divine light, faces shine like sun, died in Serbia; Magul skete on Holy Mount Athos (opposite the monastery of Philotheou) Venerable Callistus Xanthopoulos of Mt Athos, Commemorated November 22 ; Callistus II pursued asceticism at the Magul skete on Holy Mount Athos (opposite the monastery of Philotheou), there for twenty-eight years. was the disciple of Saint Gregory of Sinai (August 8), whose Life he wrote. with his fellow ascetic Ignatius of Xanthopoulos, he compiled the “Directions to Hesychasts in One Hundred Chapters” found in the second part of the Slavonic edition of the Philokalia (English translation in Kadlubovsky and Palmer, Writings from the Philokalia on Prayer of the Heart). their contemporary, Saint Simeon of Thessalonica (September 15) asserts, Saints Callistus and Ignatius of Xanthopoulos beheld the Uncreated Light, as the apostles had done on Mount Tabor. Their faces seemed to “shine like the sun.” 1397 he was elevated to the patriarchal throne, and was hierarch during the days of Manuel Paleologos (1391-1425). agreed to journey to Serbia in order to bring peace to that church, stopping along the way at Mt Athos. There, the Patriarch was told that he would not see his flock again. Upon reaching Serbia, he exchanged this temporal life for life eternal.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1400, 15th Century Folder, Hilandar 3 Hands Icon arrives on donkey

Greece, Mt Athos, 1401-1431, Marcarius of Mt Athos, Vatopedi monastery, to Pantocrator Monastery Constantinople
Vatopedi monastery ; Venerable Macarius of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on January 6 ; Macarius was born in Thessalonica during the reign of Emperor Manuel II Paleologos, and went to Vatopedi Monastery on Mt. Athos when he was young. Later, he went to Constantinople and became igumen of the Monastery of the Pantocrator, and chaplain to the Emperor. died in 1431 during an epidemic in Chalke.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1457, Three Hands Icon arrives at Hilandar monastery, miraculously on a donkey
Hilandar monastery; Icon of the Mother of God "of the Three Hands" on Mt Athos; Icon of the Mother of God the "Milk-Giver" of the Hilandar Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated July 3 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the Three Hands ÂÂ on Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Damascus, Commemorated on December 4 ; St Daniel II the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated December 20 ; it was time to choose the igumen for the Hilandar monastery on Mount Athos, Saint Daniel received the appointment. The saint was igumen at a most difficult time for the Holy Mountain. After the Crusaders were expelled from Palestine, they joined with the Arabs to plunder and loot the Athonite monasteries, not sparing anything sacred. St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Akathist, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God the œMilkgiverÂÂ, Commemorated on January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God, the "Priestly", Commemorated January 12 ; Hieromartyr Damascene of Hilandar of Mt Athos, Commemorated January 16 ; Venerable Stephen (In Monasticism Simeon), the Myrrhgusher and Prince of Serbia, Commemorated on February 13 ; Venerable Damian of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated February 23 ; Translation of the relics of St Nicephorus the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on March 13 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the AkathistÂÂ, Commemorated on March 27; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; Prophet Isaiah, Commemorated on May 9 ; St Nicodemus the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated on May 11 ; Venerable Paisius of Hilandar, Bulgaria, Commemorated on June 19; Icon of the Mother of God “Of the Three Handsâ€, Commemorated on June 28; Icon of the Mother of God, “Of the Three Handsâ€: In the eighth century during the time of the Iconoclasts, Saint John of Damascus (December 4) was zealous in his veneration of holy icons. Because of this, he was slandered by the emperor and iconoclast Leo III the Isaurian (717-740), who informed the Damascus caliph that Saint John was committing treasonous acts against him. The caliph gave orders to cut off the hand of the monk and take it to the marketplace. Towards evening Saint John, having asked the caliph for the cut-off hand, put it to its joint and fell to the ground before the icon of the Mother of God. The monk begged Our Lady to heal the hand, which had written in defense of Orthodoxy. After long prayer he fell asleep and saw in a dream that the All-Pure Mother of God had turned to him promising him quick healing. this the Mother of God bid him toil without fail with this hand. Having awakened from sleep, Saint John saw that his hand was unharmed. In thankfulness for this healing Saint John placed on the icon a hand fashioned of silver, from which the icon received its name “Of Three Hands.â€ (Some iconographers, in their ignorance, have mistakenly depicted the Most Holy Theotokos with three arms and three hands.) According to Tradition, Saint John wrote a hymn of thanksgiving to the Mother of God: “All of creation rejoices in You, O Full of Grace,â€ which appears in place of the hymn “It is Truly Meetâ€ in the Liturgy of Saint Basil the Great. John Damascene accepted monasticism at the monastery of Saint Savva the Sanctified and there bestowed his wonderworking icon. The Lavra presented the icon “Of Three Handsâ€ in blessing to Saint Savva, Archbishop of Serbia (+ 1237, January 12). During the time of an invasion of Serbia by the Turks, some Christians who wanted to protect the icon, entrusted it to the safekeeping of the Mother of God Herself. They placed it upon a donkey, which without a driver proceeded to Athos and stopped in front of the Hilandar monastery. The monks put the icon in the monastery’s cathedral church (katholikon). During a time of discord over the choice of igumen, the Mother of God deigned to head the monastery Herself, and from that time Her holy icon has occupied the igumen’s place in the temple. At the Hilandar monastery there is chosen only a vicar, and from the holy icon the monks take a blessing for every obedience. Greek usage, this Icon is commemorated on June 28; but on July 12 in Slavic usage. Icon of the Mother of God the œMilk-Giver ÂÂ of the Hilandar Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 3;

Greece, Mt Athos, 1500, 16th Century Folder, Dometius and Damon of Philotheou

Greece, Mt Athos, 1568, Damian of Philotheou monastery, Mt Athos, Dometius' disciple, voice telling him to teach in Greece
Greece, Mt Athos, 1568, Damian of Philotheou monastery, Mt Athos, Dometius' disciple, voice telling him to teach in Greece, repent of sins, arrested by Turks, prison, tortured, hanged, burned; Philotheou monastery; Monkmartyr Damian of Philotheou, Commemorated February 23 ; Damian of Philotheou was a disciple of Saint Dometius (August 7). was from the village of Richovon (Merichovon) near Agrapha. went to Mt. Athos when he was quite young, and received the monastic tonsure at Philotheou Monastery. After spending some time there, he withdrew to a hermitage under the guidance of an Elder named Dometius. three years, he heard a voice telling him to go forth and teach. He obeyed these instructions, preaching in many areas of Greece. He urged his fellow Christians to repent of their sins, to abstain from all vices, to obey God’s commandments, and to devote themselves to God-pleasing works. he was on his way to a village, Saint Damian was arrested by the Turks and thrown into prison. After fifteen days of torture, he was hanged and then thrown into a fire. Saint Damian received the crown of martyrdom on February 23, 1568.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1568, Dometius oPhilotheou monastery, Mt Athos, persued silence, wDamien, cruel Turk tortures
Greece, Mt Athos, 1568, Philotheou monastery, Mt Athos, persued silence, wDamien, cruel Turk tortures; Philotheou monastery; Venerable Dometius of Philotheou, Mount Athos, Commemorated on August 7; Dometius was an Athonite Elder. pursued silence at the Philotheou monastery together with the Hieromartyr Damian of Philotheou (February 23), suffered under cruel tortures by the Turks in the year 1568.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1600, 17th Century Folder, Quick to Hear Icon at Docheiariou

Greece, Mt Athos, 1651, Nilus t Myrrhgusher of Mt Athos, raised by Macarius, relics curative myrrh, accurate prophecies
Greece, Mt Athos, 1651, Nilus the Myrrhgusher of Mt Athos (The Holy Mountain), Macedonia, Greece, raised by uncle hieromonk Macarius, attained hieromonk, Holy Rocks on Mt A, abundant flow curative myrrh from his relics, left accurate 20th century prophecies ; Mount Athos ; Athonite monasteries ; Venerable Nilus the Myrrhgusher of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 12 ; Nilus the Myrrh-Gusher of Mt Athos was born in Greece, in a village named for Saint Peter, in the Zakoneia diocese. was raised by his uncle, the hieromonk Macarius. attained the age of maturity, he received monastic tonsure and was found worthy of ordination to hierodeacon, and then to hieromonk. desire for greater monastic struggles brought uncle and nephew to Mt Athos, where Macarius and Nilus lived in asceticism at a place called the Holy Rocks. the repose of Saint Macarius, the venerable Nilus, aflame with zeal for even more intense spiritual efforts, found an isolated place almost inaccessible for any living thing. his departure to the Lord in 1651, Saint Nilus was glorified by an abundant flow of curative myrrh, for which Christians journeyed from the most distant lands of the East. Nilus has left a remarkably accurate prophecy concerning the state of the Church in the mid-twentieth century, and a description of the people of that time. the inventions he predicted are the telephone, airplane, and submarine. also warned that people’s minds would be clouded by carnal passions, “and dishonor and lawlessness will grow stronger.” would not be distinguishable from women because of their “shamelessness of dress and style of hair.” Nilus lamented that Christian pastors, bishops and priests, would become vain men, and that the morals and traditions of the Church would change. pious and God-fearing pastors would remain, and many people would stray from the right path because no one would instruct them.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1664, Quick to Hear Icon, Docheiariou monastery, Mt Athos, smoke darkening, blinded, MOG quick to hear
Docheiariou monastery; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ; Monkmartyr James of Prodromou on Mt Athos, Commemorated November 1 ; Venerable Euthymius the Co-Founder of Dochiariou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 9 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Quick to Hear", Commemorated November 9 ; wonderworking "Quick to Hear" Icon of the Mother of God is kept at Dokheiarίou Monastery on Mount Athos, and is believed to date from the XI century, during the time of Saint Neophytos, the Igoumen of the Monastery. the wonderworking Portaitissa Icon, the most famous Icon on Mount Athos is an ancient fresco of the Panagia located outside on the east wall of the trapeza, and to the right of the entrance. 1664 the Monk Neilos, the steward of the trapeza, often passed before the Icon holding a lit torch in his hand so he could carry out his duties in the trapeza. One day, he heard a voice say to him: "Do not come this way again with your torches, darkening my Icon with smoke." did not pay much attention to the voice, thinking that someone was playing a joke on him. It was not long before he heard the voice again saying, "O monk, unworthy of the name, how long will you continue to darken my Icon with smoke?" hearing the voice, Neilos was struck blind. Then he remembered that he had heard the voice before, and realized that he deserved this punishment, for he did not heed the command of the Mother of God, but had ignored it in his ignorance. next morning, the brethren found him laying on the floor of the corridor before the Icon, unable to see them. When they learned why Neilos had been punished, the monks were terrified. From that time on, they passed by the Icon with great reverence, and hung an unsleeping lamp before it. however, did not want to return to his cell. He remained before the Icon in a stasidi, calling upon the Theotokos with tears and lamentations to forgive him for the sin he had committed. He begged her to restore his sight, as a sign of her forgiveness, so that he might gaze upon her Icon and glorify her. was not disappointed in his hopes, for the Mother of God heard the prayers of her repentant servant. He heard her voice a third time, saying, "Monk, your prayer has been heard. You are forgiven, and you shall receive your sight again. Declare to the other Fathers and brethren who struggle here that I am the Mother of God, and that after God, I am the shelter and help and mighty protector of this Monastery of the Archangels, providing for it as its defender and guide. From now on, let the monks come to me for all their needs, and I will hear them quickly, as well as all Orthodox Christians who come to me with reverence, for I am called Quick to Hear." soon this miracle and the promise of the Theotokos became known throughout the Holy Mountain, and monks from the other Monasteries came to Dokheiarίou to venerate the Icon, and to see the monk who had regained his sight. The corridor was closed off and a chapel was built to house the "Quick to Hear" Icon. One of the most devout and accomplished Hieromonks is appointed to be present in the chapel. He is known as the prosmonarios, and he is there most of the time to chant Canons of Supplication before the Icon, which he censes every evening and morning, tending the chapel, and trimming the oil lamps. "Quick to Hear" Icon venerated not only on the Holy Mountain, but also by Orthodox Christians all over the world. Countless miracles of healing are worked by the Mother of God through her Holy Icon. The blind receive their sight, paralytics are healed, barren women conceive children, and captives are set free when they approach the Theotokos with faith and reverence. copy of the "Quick to Hear Icon" was painted on Mount Athos and was sent as a gift from the Russian and other devout monks of the Holy Mountain to Archbishop Tikhon (later Patriarch of Moscow) of the Aleutian Islands and North America. May of 1906 that copy of the famous "Quick to Hear” Icon at Dokheiarίou Monastery was carried to Saint Tikhon's Monastery (in Walmart, PA) in a solemn Cross Procession, along with several others, including one of the Holy Great Martyr and Healer Panteleimon. relics of several saints were placed in the Icon. These include the Holy Great Martyr Theodore Stratēlátēs (Feb. 8), Saints Cosmas and Damian the Unmercenary Physicians, Saint Gregory Palamas, Archbishop of Thessaloniki (Nov. 14), and the Holy New Martyr Constantine of Mount Athos, who was born on the island of Hydra and suffered at the hands of the Turks on the island of Rhodes on November 14, 1800. "Quick to Hear" Icon is now on the iconostasis of Saint Tikhon's Monastery church.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1700, 18th Century Folder, Kollyvades Movement

Greece, Mt Athos, 1722, Nikodemos of Albania,Confessed wGod's power, no fear, survived precipice, incorrupt fragrant relics
Albania, 1722, Nikodemos of Albania, raised christian, became moslem, forced children follow, except one son who went Mt Athos, traveled M A in anger, but repented there and became monk, strict fast 3 yrs, weeping, begging, desire go back confess there, Akakios oKausokalyvia for instructions, addressed him by name not knowing him, withdrew to pray, light fHeaven shining like star on face, take tStaff before pasha, power oGod you will complete martyrdom well, ready to leave but weak fFasting, asked break fast, no, now more tEver must fast, walk much as yCan, Lord wStrengthen walk wEase, I fear deamons however, Fear God, Demons no authority of their own, hope Christ help you witness tHim, survived being pushed off precipice, Turks tortured 3days&nights, beheaded, showing no sign of fear, incorrupt fragrant relics still preserved, relics Skete St Anne; Albania, Albania lies between latitudes 39 and 43 N, and mostly between longitudes 19 and 21E ; New Monastic Martyr Νikόdēmos of Albania, Commemorated on July 11; New Monastic Martyr Νikόdēmos came from Elbasan, a town of Epirus (Albania) was raised by devout parents. he reached a suitable age, he married a Christian woman and they had several children. he associated with Turks, he was influenced by them and became a Moslem. even forced his children to follow his example, for one son, who was abducted by certain Christians and sent to Mount Athos. There he was tonsured as a monk. for the young man in order to convert him to Islam, the wretched father learned that he was on the Holy Mountain. traveled to Athos in great anger, vowing to cause serious trouble for the monasteries if he found his son there. Who desires that all may be saved, effected his salvation in a marvelous way. of finding his son and converting him, he himself came to his senses and repented. both Islam and the world, he became a monk at the Skete of Saint Anne, in the Kalyva (isolated cell) of the Ascension, with the new name of Νikόdēmos. repentance was such that he kept a strict fast for three years, weeping and begging God to forgive his terrible sin of apostasy. day he heard some of the Fathers saying that whoever denies Christ must go back to the same place and confess Him before men. that moment, he burned with a desire for martyrdom. he prepared himself through asceticism, fasting, and prayer. of Saint Akakios (April 12) of the Skete of Kausokalyvia [Καυσοκαλύβια], Νikόdēmos visited him in order to receive his blessing and his instructions. soon as Νikόdēmos beheld the Saint, he fell down at his feet and wept for a long time. Akakios took him by the hand and addressed him by name, although he did not know him. him up, he comforted him. Then he withdrew for a short distance and began to pray. who were present saw a light from Heaven, shining like a star, which illumined the Saint's face. he turned to Νikόdēmos and whispered something to him, and then the radiance disappeared. with contrition and by divine grace, Νikόdēmos cried out with a loud voice. Then he went into the cave and wept for a considerable time. he returned to Saint Akakios and asked for his blessing to go forth to martyrdom. him and placing a staff in his hand, the Saint said, "Take this staff and go before the pasha. By the power of God, you will complete your martyrdom well." Νikόdēmos took the staff, and was ready to leave at once to achieve his goal. weakened by fasting, he was not capable of walking all the way back to Elbasan. Therefore, he asked Saint Akakios if he might break his fast in order to strengthen himself for the journey. Saint replied, "Now, more than ever, you must fast, Brother, for soon you will be struggling for Christ. Walk as much as you can, and the Lord Who said 'Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds from the mouth of God' (Matthew 4:4), shall strengthen you to walk with ease." Martyr answered, "O Father, by your prayers, may our Lord Jesus Christ have mercy on me, and enable me to confess the good confession (I Timothy 6:12). I fear the demons, however." Akakios chided him, "Fear God, Brother, and not the demons who have no authority of their own over us. place all your hope in Christ, not only to vanquish the demons, but also to help you in bearing witness to Him." this, Νikόdēmos wept tears of joy. down to the ground and kissing the Saint's feet, he received his blessing and went on his way. he was still on the Holy Mountain, the Lord appeared to Νikόdēmos and encouraged him. He revealed all the trials that he would face, and even the site of his execution. by Christ, Νikόdēmos arrived at Elbasan. he was recognized by the Turks, arrested, and brought before the pasha, who tried to make him return to Islam. Νikόdēmos rejected the religion of the Turks and courageously confessed Christ. they took him to a high precipice and pushed him off. Miraculously, he floated down gently and landed on his feet. to the palace, he appeared before the pasha, who was terrified to see him alive. almost released Νikόdēmos, but fearing the mob of Turks, he turned the Martyr over to them. They tortured him for three days and nights before leading him to the place of execution. Along the way, they made him kneel several times, as if they intended to behead him. they reached the place which the Lord had revealed to him, Christ's Martyr showed no sign of fear. He bent his neck and was beheaded with a sword, and his soul went to Heaven with the crown of martyrdom on July 11, 1722. After the Saint's martyrdom, Christians buried him in the church of the Theotokos, his incorrupt and fragrant relics are still preserved, working miracles for those who run to him with faith. piece of his relics is also kept in the Skete of Saint Anne, where there is a manuscript with his Church Service. A new Service was composed by the monk John Danielidis and others.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1750 18th Century, Sophronius oSt Anne Skete, left on wedding night for Mt Athos, 50 yrs, died in peace
Greece, Mt Athos, 1750 18th Century, Sophronius oSt Anne Skete - near the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos, left on wedding night for Mt Athos, 50 yrs, died in peace; Skete of St Anne: a skete to the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos; Venerable Sophronius of Saint Anne Skete, Mount Athos, Commemorated on August 18; Sophronius lived in the eighteenth century. left home on his wedding night and became a monk on Mount Athos. living there for fifty years, he died in peace.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1754-1776, Kollyvades Movement
Mt Athos, 1754-1776, Kollyvades Movement; Kollyvades were the members of a movement within the Eastern Orthodox Church that began in the second half of the eighteenth century among the monastic community of Mount Athos, which was concerned with the restoration of traditional practices and opposition to unwarranted innovations, and which turned unexpectedly into a movement of spiritual regeneration. As Bishop Kallistos of Diokleia succinctly points out: the Turkish period the traditions of Hesychasm remained alive, particularly on Mount Athos. Here during the second half of the eighteenth century there arose an important movement of spiritual renewal, whose effects can still be felt today. members, known as the Kollyvades, were alarmed at the way in which all too many of their fellow Greeks were falling under the influence of the Western Enlightenment. The Kollyvades were convinced that a regeneration of the Greek nation would come, not through embracing the secular ideas fashionable in the west, but only through a return to the true roots of Orthodox Christianity – through a rediscovery of Patristic theology and Orthodox liturgical life. particular, they advocated frequent communion – if possible, daily – although at this time most Orthodox communicated only three or four times a year. For this the Kollyvades were fiercely attacked on the Holy Mountain and elsewhere.[1] The movement derived its name from the Kollyva (boiled wheat) which is used during memorial services. Its proponents were Athonite monks who adhered strictly to Holy Tradition, and insisted that memorial services should not be performed on Sundays, because that is the day of the Lord's Resurrection, but rather on Saturday, the usual day for the commemoration of the dead. They were also in favor of frequent reception of Holy Communion, and practiced unceasing prayer of the heart. terms “Kollyvadesâ€, “Kollyvistaiâ€, and “Sabbatianoiâ€ were epithets which were originally meant sarcastically as bitter insults, however over the passage of time these contemptuous appellations became a title or badge of honor.[2] leaders of the movement were Neophytos Kafsokalyvitis (1713-1784),[note 1] Saint Makarios (Notaras) of Corinth (1731-1805), Saint Nicodemus of the Holy Mountain (1749-1809), and Saint Athanasios Parios (1722-1813). Venerable Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on August 18 ; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

Greece, Mt Athos, 1760, Cosmos, Skete of St Anne, executed in Constantinople, refused to convert
Greece, Mt Athos, 1760, Cosmos, Skete of St Anne, executed in Constantinople, refused to convert; Skete of St Anne: a skete to the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos; Monkmartyr Cosmas of St Anne Skete, Mt Athos, Commemorated December 3 ; Cosmas was a monk of Saint Anne’s Skete on Mount Athos. was executed in Constantinople on December 3, 1760 when he refused to convert to Islam. specific details of his martyrdom are not known.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1800, 19th Century Folder, Weeping Tikhvin Icon, Athakist Icon, New Martyr Ignatius

Greece, Mt Athos, 1804, Hilarion oSkete of St Anne, converted aFreedom promise, repented i3days, confessed&martyred, blood heals
Greece, Mt Athos, 1804, Hilarion oSkete of St Anne - near the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos, 963 or 1686, uncle failed his occupation training, got job wMoslem, blamed for stealing, promised freedom if convert, repented 3 days later, 12th day ship to Crimea f10 mos, no peace decided martyrdom, renowned elders advised Mt Athos, tIveron, then tSt Anne's and Bassarion, oLuke's prep year earlier, tonsured Hilarion after strict rule and fasting, one morning H ready to confess, back to Aga at palace, threw red turban replace wBlack skoufia, all bones broken, beheaded, asceticism martyrdom crowns, Bassarion used H's blood to deliver young girl from demon; Skete of St Anne: a skete to the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos; Monastic Martyr Hilarion of Saint Anne Skete, Mount Athos, Commemorated on September 20; Hilarion was from Heraklion in Crete and his secular name was John. had five other siblings, John, Polyzoes, George, and two sisters, whose names are unknown. His parents, Francis and Katherine, had raised him with diligence, and he had learned to read and write. When he was a young man, his uncle took him to Constantinople, promising to train him for some occupation. John stayed with him for ten years, his uncle neglected to train him and did little else for him. is why John was forced to leave his uncle’s house and get a job as the clerk of a merchant from the island of Chios, who came to trust John. day, the merchant was obliged to leave his shop and travel back to Chios, placing John and another Orthodox Christian employee in charge of the business. he returned, the two employees gave their boss an accounting for the time that he was away. merchant said that he had been cheated, because the money they collected did not correspond to the value of the goods that were sold. the merchant did not make an inventory before going to Chios, he estimated that the two clerks were short by thirty grosia. other employee had been with the merchant for many years, and so all suspicion fell on John. He was told that there would be severe consequences if he did not return the money at once. that he was innocent, John asked his uncle to help him, but his uncle refused to see him. his despair he went to the palace, hoping to see the valide sultana, the Sultan’s mother. however, he met the Ethiopian eunuch, Mertzan Aga. It appears that John knew him and told him what had happened. evil Aga seized this opportunity and told him that if he converted to Islam, he would not be liable to any punishment; moreover, he would receive many riches and honors. his fear and anxiety, John accepted. he was presented to the Sultan’s mother, who introduced him to the Sultan. away, John was circumcised, and was given Muslim clothing and other gifts. In addition, a certain hodja was appointed to instruct him in Islamic teachings. days later, the young man came to himself and repented from his heart when he realized the gravity of his sin. He waited for an opportunity to escape, after twelve days he managed to board a ship for the Crimea, where he remained for ten months. knew no peace there because his conscience tormented him for his betrayal of Christ. he decided that the only way he could atone for his sin was by the path of martyrdom. to Constantinople, he consulted the renowned Spiritual Fathers, Elder Symeon and Elder Jeremiah. He told them of his intention to confess Christ in the place where he had denied Him. the Elders advised him to go to Mount Athos for a time. did exactly as he was told, and entered Ivḗron Monastery. Fathers there sent him to the Skete of St. Anna to place himself under the guidance of Hieromonk Bessarion, had prepared the New Martyr Luke (March 23) for his martyrdom the previous year. Elder accepted him and gave him a Rule of strict asceticism and fasting. Soon he received the monastic tonsure with the name Hilarion. morning, Father Hilarion told his Elder that he was ready to confess Christ, Whom he had denied. The Elder blessed his good intention, and the Saint received the Holy Mysteries. left for Constantinople together, and then Father Hilarion presented himself to the Aga at the palace. “Three days after becoming a Muslim,” he said, “I repented of what I had done, and I abandoned the darkness of error and returned to the light of truth, so I curse your religion. I was a Christian, and now I am once more.” his turban on the ground, he put on the black monastic skoufia he had concealed under his coat. the Saint’s resolve, the Aga ordered that he be tortured without mercy. His torments were so severe that all his bones were broken. Hilarion was beheaded on September 20, 1804, and received two incorruptible crowns from Christ: that of asceticism, and that of martyrdom. Bessarion was once invited to a Christian home and the children were brought to receive his blessing. One child, a little girl about eight years old, had been possessed by a demon. She turned black, made some erratic movements, and eventually she fell down as if she were dead.The Elder had some of the Saint’s blood with him, but before he could even anoint the girl with it, the demon came out of her, and the child stood up.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1863, Prodromou Icon, P Skete, f Moldovia, paint only wFasting, alone, faces finished by MOG, Many miracles
Moldavia, 1863, Prodromitsa Icon, Iasi, Moldovia, Romania (crossroads: Poland, Russia, Austria and Constantinople, Pruth River 8), paint only while fasting, alone, faces finished by MOG, kept in Theophany Skete near Great Lavra, MA, Many miracles, thorns in eyes, unconscious child died recovered, Jews healed, Icon not move teachers house, icon in woman's vision, mocking painter fierce expression on MOG's face, became zealous admirer, sick monk at P Skete departs peacefully, many more miracles to this day; Prodromou Monastery; Prodromitsa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on July 12; Icon is kept in the Moldavian Theophany (now Prodromou)1 Skete on Mount Athos, about an hour's walk from the Lavra of St. Athanasios. 1863, Igoumen Niphon, accompanied by several monks, went to Moldavia on the Monastery's business. Arriving at Iasi, the capital of Moldavia, the Athonite monks decided to order an icon of the Mother of God for their Monastery, and began to look for a master, who would not only know his craft well, but at the same time he would lead a good life, have the fear of God, and who would be adorned with Christian piety. Soon they managed to find such a man at Iasi, the aged painter, George Nikolaev (Iordache Nicolau), with whom they agreed that he should paint the icon only while fasting, before eating any food, and by himself, without the participation and assistance of others. old man, having agreed to these conditions, zealously set about his work. The work progressed quickly to its end: it remained only to paint the faces of the Mother of God and the Divine Child. when the painter started to execute the last part of the work, he suffered a setback: he couldn't paint the faces correctly, despite all his efforts. He was upset and told the monks of his failure, and he even began to doubt himself, whether he had forgotten his art in his old age. painter increased his fasting and prayed with tears. one morning, after intensified fasting and fervent prayer, he entered his workroom to finish the task that had caused him so much grief and anxiety. Approaching the Icon and looking at it, he suddenly stopped, struck with amazement: from the canvas of the Icon the faces of the Mother of God and the Child looked at him, painted by an invisible hand and radiant with heavenly beauty and artistic expression. painter was awestruck: the more he considered these faces, the more clearly he understood that a great and incomprehensible miracle of the Queen of Heaven had occurred, and that she had heard his humble and fervent prayers. with amazement, the artist did not dare to touch this Icon with his brush, but only covered it with varnish. of this miracle quickly spread throughout the city, and many people gathered in the artist's home, so that the Athonite monks had great difficulty in moving the Icon from his house to their apartment. miraculous event that had occurred was also made known to the local Metropolitan, His Grace Callinic (Miclescu), who at that time held the office of Metropolitan. examined the Icon carefully and recognized the truth of the miracle. After that, a Moleben was served before the Icon, and only then were the people allowed to venerate the image of the Mother of God, which from that time began to be glorified by many miraculous signs. certain man had a large thorn in his eyes, and he could not see anything. He was brought in to venerate the Icon of the Mother of God was given some Holy Water to drink, and to wash with it. He took some of it with him to his house. days later he received perfect sight, so that without the help of others he was able to come to give thanks to the Mother of God before her miraculous Icon for his healing. nobleman had a child who was unconscious for three days without any movement, so that only by the child's barely perceptible breath could one determine that a faint spark of life still remained. of saving his child from death by conventional medical means, the father turned to the Mother of God for help, praying fervently before her Icon. some Holy Water to his house, he sprinkled the dying child and poured a few drops into his mouth. And a miracle occurred: the child had already died, but then he recovered. other patients afflicted with various ailments received healing by praying before the Icon of the Mother of God. view of the numerous miracles performed by the power of the Theotokos through her Holy Icon, not only did Orthodox Christians come to venerate her, but also schismatics, Armenians, and even Jews, for there was the case of a Jewish woman who received her gracious help, which was why she and her entire household were baptized. return of the Athonite monks with the Icon, from Iași to their Monastery on Athos, was also accompanied by many miracles. the monks arrived with the Icon in the city of Byrlad, the people's teacher in that city wished to receive the Holy Icon in his house, and for this purpose he sent people for it. The monks advised him to come to them if he wished to venerate the Icon, instead of bringing it to his home. But the teacher insisted on having his way. monks decided to grant his wish. When two of them tried to lift the Icon, despite all their efforts, they could not do so. It took four monks to lift the icon, but only with great effort. When the Icon was brought to the carriage in order to put it in, a loud noise was heard, frightening everyone, both people and the horses. It turned out that the kiot containing the Icon had cracked. everyone knew that the Mother of God did not want to have her Icon brought to the teacher's house, and it was decided not to carry it to the teacher's home. a strange thing occurred: this time, two monks were able to lift the Icon without any difficulty. pious woman who lived outside the city of Byrlad beheld a vision in a dream telling her to go into the city to venerate the Icon. When she arrived, she recognized the very Icon that she had seen in the vision. the monks came to Galați there was a painter who, seeing a multitude of people flocking to venerate the Icon, began to mock it, urging people not to believe the miracle of how the faces had not been painted by any earthly artist. But when he gazed at the Icon of the Mother of God, the exression on her face seemed so fierce to him that he was struck with great horror. Then he became a zealous admirer of the wonderworking Icon. the time the monks arrived at their Skete on the Holy Mountain, there was a sick monk, who had not eaten any food for three weeks, nor did he speak. He was so weak that he did not move at all. Only by his breathing could anyone tell that he was still alive. When the monks arrived at the Skete, the patient seemed to awaken from a deep sleep and asked to be taken to venerate the Holy Icon. Presenting himself before the Icon, he turned to the Mother of God with this plea: "O Mother of God! You know my heart and you know my fate. If it would be good for me to live, then give me health. If, after I am healed of my illness, I do not behave better, then let me die: end my life here on earth, so that I do not suffer or endure torments there, in the grave." After praying this way, he returned to his cell, put on clean linen and his full monastic garb, and asked to partake of the Holy Mysteries of Christ. He seemed to have a clear premonition of his approaching death. And, indeed, less than an hour after receiving Communion, he departed peacefully and quietly to the Lord. this Skete there were even more cases of healings by the Icon of the Mother of God. The monk Sergius was healed from weakness in all his members, and from deafness, and one of the masters who worked in the same Skete was subjected to torments by an unclean spirit; as soon as he was brought to the Icon of the Mother of God, he was freed from the excruciating power of the Enemy. addition to the recorded accounts, many other wonderful signs took place on Mount Athos from the Moldavian Icon of the Mother of God, which continues to work miracles up to the present day. 1 The Romanian Skete of Saint John the Forerunner on Mount Athos.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1801-1814, New Martyr Ignatius, Bulgaria, confessed before kadi breaking earlier moslem promise, hanged
Bulgaria, 1801-1814, New Martyr Ignatius, Trnovo, Bulgaria (Yantra River 2.3), Rila M, then Athos, father refused fight Serb Orthodox, Mother Sister b moslem, turned him in, escaped t Romania, then Athos, confessed before kadi breaking earlier moslem promise, tortured, hanged; Trnovo, Bulgaria (Yantra River 2); New Martyr Ignatius the Monk of Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 8; holy New Martyr Ignatius was born in the village of Eski Zagora in the Trnovo region of Bulgaria, and was named John in Baptism. he was still a young child, his parents George and Maria moved to the city of Philippopolis and enrolled him in a school there. he did well at school, he had a strong desire for the monastic life. reaching adulthood, he entered the Rila monastery in western Bulgaria. he was assigned to an Elder, with whom he lived in obedience for six years. the Elder’s strictness became unbearable, John returned home. that time the Serbs rose in revolt against the Moslem government. ’s father was asked to take command of an Ottoman brigade, but he refused to fight against other Orthodox Christians. Moslems attacked George with furious anger. He was stabbed and then beheaded. ’s mother and sisters were also taken by the Hagarenes, and they ultimately agreed to convert to Islam. fled and hid in the home of an elderly Orthodox woman. mother and sisters learned where he was hiding, and they told the Moslems. sent to capture him did not know what he looked like, so the old woman told them she did not know him. woman helped him escape to Bucharest, Romania, he became acquainted with Saint Euthymius, who would also endure martyrdom. did not wish to stay in Bucharest, however, so he left for Mt. Athos. the way he visited the village of Soumla, where he ran into his friend Father Euthymius again. that Euthymius had denied Christ and beome a Moslem, John became very sad and left the village. had not gotten very far when Turkish soldiers stopped him and took all his possessions. demanded that he convert to Islam, and in his fright he told them that he would do so. with this reply, they let him go. reached the village of Eski Zagora, where he met an Athonite monk from the monastery of Grigoriou. journeyed to the Holy Mountain together, and John settled in the Skete of Saint Anna. he met Father Basil. day John and Father Basil traveled to Thessalonica on monastery business. they were there the monks David and Euthymius of Demetsana suffered martyrdom because they were Christians. was inflamed with the desire for martyrdom. Basil, however, urged him to postpone his intention, so they returned to the Holy Mountain. A short time after this, Father Basil died. a monk from the Skete of Saint Anna told him of the martyrdom of the New Martyr Euthymius (March 22), was once more filled with zeal for martyrdom. was placed under the spiritual direction of the Elder Acacius, who prescribed for him prayer, prostrations, and reading the Gospel. time, John was found worthy of monastic tonsure, and was given the new name Ignatius. Elder Acacius blessed him to travel to Constantinople with the monk Gregory in order to bear witness to Christ. receiving the Holy Mysteries in Constantinople, Ignatius felt he was ready for his ordeal. in Moslem garb, Ignatius went before the kadi and proclaimed his faith in Christ. He told him how he had promised to become a Moslem when he was younger, but now he threw his turban at the kadi’s feet and said that he would never deny Christ. that Ignatius was insane, the kadi warned him that if he did not come to his senses he would endure horrible torments before being put to death. On the other hand, if he embraced Islam, he would receive rich gifts and great honor from them. courageous martyr told the kadi to keep his gifts, for they were merely temporal gifts. “Your threats of torture and death are nothing new,” he said, “and I knew of them before I came here. In fact, I came here because of them, so that I might die for my Christ.” Ignatius went on to call Mohammed “a false prophet, a teacher of perdition, and a friend of the devil.” Then he invited the Moslems to believe in Christ, the only true God. kadi then became so angry he could not speak, so he motioned for a servant to lead Saint Ignatius out of the room. Ignatius turned and struck the servant, then knelt before the kadi and bent his neck, as if inviting him to behead him then and there. Other servants entered the room, however, and dragged him off to prison. Ignatius was brought before the kadi for questioning. When asked who had brought him to Constantinople, he replied, “My Lord Jesus Christ brought me here.” the kadi urged him to reconsider, for he was about to experience unimaginable tortures. “Do not expect to be beheaded so that the Christians can collect your blood as a blessing,” he said, “for I intend to hang you.” replied, “You will be doing me a great service whether you hang me or put me to the sword. I accept everything for the love of Christ.” that he could not turn Ignatius from his Christian Faith, the kadi ordered him to be hanged. He was taken to a place called Daktyloporta, where the sentence was carried out. The martyr’s body remained hanging there for three days, then some pious Christians paid a ransom for it and took it to the island of Prote for burial. Ignatius gave his life for Christ on October 8, 1814. He is also commemorated on May 1 with Saints Acacius and Euthymius. head of Saint Ignatius is in the Monastery of Saint Panteleimon on Mt Athos.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1813, New Martyr David New Skete of St Anna, Mt Athos, Church Reconstructions, Mocked Turks, Hanged
Ephesus, 1813, New Martyr David of St Anne's Skete, from Aivali (Ayvalık, Mysia, Caicus River area, across from Lesbos Is), divine zeal, tSmyrna fChurch Reconstruction Money, 2Water Tanks &cells, burned fMartyrdom, tMagnesia witnessed &Mocked Turks, expelled, tSA Skete, tKaryes&former BoChristopoulos, blessing oMartyrdom, tThessaloniki, Vatopaidi Embassy Church monk had converted to Islam, intended to confront but Turks found out, beaten &Hanged; Skete of St Anna, St Paulas Monastery; New Martyr David of Saint Anne's Skete, Commemorated on June 26; Holy Monastic Martyr David was descended from the Kydonians of the town of Aivali (Αϊβαλί) in Asia Minor. inhabitants of the town had a special relationship with Mount Athos, because there were two Athonite embassy churches in their city, belonging to Ivḗron Monastery, the other to Pantokrator Monastery. Saint David left his hometown, he went to Mount Athos and lived near a fellow countryman, a brother of Saint Anne’s Skete, who later became a monk. his monastic life, Saint David was moved by divine zeal. took the initiative, after receiving the blessing of his Elder, and visited Smyrna in order to collect money for the reconstruction of the ruined churches of the Transfiguration of the Savior and that of the Theotokos on Mount Athos. completing the work on the two temples, he built two water tanks as well as a number of cells for the worshipers. did not remain on Mount Athos, he burned with the desire for martyrdom. went to Magnesia in Asia Minor, where he bore witness to Christ, and mocked the Turks for their religion. arrested him and beat him severely, and then he was expelled from their city. without fulfilling his desire, he returned to the Holy Skete of Saint Anne, he confessed to his Elder his earnest desire for martyrdom. Spiritual Father, fearing the outcome of such an act, tried to dissuade him, but he did not succeed. David went to Karyes and saw Metropolitan Pankratios, the former Bishop of Christopoulos, from whom he received a blessing to seek martyrdom. David traveled to Thessaloniki, he was told of a monk from the Vatopaidi embassy church of Saint Demetrios, who had converted to Islam. David attempted to confront this monk, somehow the Turks had learned of his intention. Turks arrested the Saint, and after they had beaten him, they handed him over to the judge for trial. judge, fearing that Saint David might persuade the monk to abandon Islam and to confess Christ, ordered the Saint to be executed at once. same night, June 26, 1813, Saint David suffered a martyric death by hanging. Monastic Martyr David is particularly honored at the Skete of Saint Anne on the Holy Mountain.

Greece, Mt Athos, 1837, Akathist Icon, Hilandar monastery, Mt Athos, remained unharmed during 1837 fire, Akathist being read
Greece, Mt Athos, 1837, Akathist Icon, Hilandar monastery, Mt Athos (Serbian, Bulgarian) remained unharmed during 1837 fire, Akathist being read; Hilandar monastery; Icon of the Mother of God of the Akathist, Commemorated January 12 ; Akathist Icon of the Mother of God is on the iconostasis of the Hilandar monastery’s katholikon. It is known as the Akathist Icon because, during a fire at the katholikon in 1837 an Akathist was being read before the icon, and it remained unharmed, to the joy of the monks. icon should not be confused with the Zographou Icon “Of the Akathist” (October 10). Icon of the Mother of God the œMilkgiver, Commemorated on January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God, the "Priestly", Commemorated January 12 ;

Greece, Mt Athos, 1877, Weeping Tikvin Icon, Elias Skete, found behind altar, tears right eye, large tear left eye, recurred
Greece, Mt Athos, 1877, Weeping Tikvin Icon, Elias Skete, Mt Athos (Prophet Elijah Skete, Pantokrator Monastery), found behind altar, tears right eye, large tear left eye, recurred once; Elias Skete, Mt Athos (Prophet Elijah Skete, Pantokrator Monastery); Icon of the Mother of God Weeping "Tikhvin" on Mt Athos, Commemorated February 17 ; Weeping Tikhvin Icon of Mt. Athos is to be found behind the altar in the Prophet Elias Skete. February 17, 1877 (Thursday of the Second Week of Lent) seven monks remained in the church after the Hours had been read. They were astonished to see tears flowing from the right eye of the icon, and collecting on the frame. Then a single large tear came from the left eye. monks wiped the tears from the icon’s face, then left the church and locked the doors behind them. Three hours later, they returned for Vespers and saw traces of tears on the icon, and a single tear in the left eye. Again they wiped the tears from the icon, but they did not reappear. this manifestation of tears as a sign of mercy from the Mother of God, the monks established an annual commemoration of the icon on February 17. The weeping Tikhvin Icon of Mt. Athos is not to be confused with the original wonderworking Tikhvin Icon (June 26).

Greece, Mt Athos, 1900, 20th Century Folder, Gerontissa Rescuer fFire aPantokrator Icon

Greece, Mt Athos, 1944-1994, Paisios otHoly Mt, Esphigmenou, saw Lord a15, fCappadocia, special blessing like Elisha, visions
Armenia, 1944-1994, Paisios otHoly Mountain, fCappadocia, Armenia (Central Anatolia, Great Road Ephesus to Euphrates, Kizilirmak River), saw the Lord at 15, carpenter at 15, Soldier Greek Civil War 1945-49, to Greece exchange of populations, Kephalonia Is, special blessing bArsenios, monk prophesy, Konitsa in Epeiros, repelled demonic assault wPhilotimo thought, humble t, tἘsphigmenou MAthos, tPhilotheou, idiorhythmic, alone, small schema, professed monastic, tMonastery of the Mother of God of Stomio, tMt Sinai, St Catherins's M, false dLight, beloved bBedouins, cookies fChildren, cross handiwork, more grace, rtMA, Earth sojourner, devine mysteries, conversed wSaints appearing before him, Guardian Angel vision, angelic hymns, shone wHeavenly light, 1966 illness, part lungs r, Convent at Sourote, Thessaloniki, btKatounakia, Lavriote keli oHypatios (Vlachika), uncreated light vision, saints, MOG, &Christ, discussed church matters wEuphemia, illness lMA, returned, Panagouda kelli of Koutloumousίou Monastery, near Karyes, many visitors, 1980s leli aKoutloumousiou, 1993 hemorage, hospitalized, tSourote, tumor large intestine, no medicine painkillers; Esphigmenou monastery; Venerable Paϊsios of the Holy Mountain, Commemorated on July 12;

Greece, Mt Athos, 1948, Synaxis otGerontissa Rescuer fFire Icon. saved Pantokrator Monastery oAthos from Fire
Greece, 1948, Synaxis otGerontissa Icon. saved Pantokrator Monastery, Mt Athos from Fire, Rescuer fFire; Synaxis of the Gerontissa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on December 2; December 2 Feast Day of the Gerontissa Icon of the Mother of God commemorates a miracle which occurred on the night of December 1, 1948 when the Theotokos saved the Pantokrator Monastery on Mount Athos from a fire. of this event, the Icon also came to be known as the “Pyrosoteira” (“Rescuer from fire”). Gerontissa Icon is also commemorated on April 4.

Athanasius Monastery, Lavra of St Athanasius, Mt Athos, 963, Economissa Icon
Lavra of St Athanasius; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1 ; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14 ; Venerable Gregory the Byzantine, Commemorated on April 6; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13; St Michael the Confessor the Bishop of Synnada, Commemorated on May 23; St (John) Tornike of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 12; Venerable Niphon of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 14; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; 6 Venerable Disciples of St Athanasius On Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Icon of the Mother of God "Economissa", Commemorated July 5 ; Economissa (or Stewardess) Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos depicts the Mother of God seated on a throne, with Her Son on her left knee. Saint Athanasius of Mt Athos (July 5) stands on her right, holding a model of the Great Lavra. On her left is Saint Michael of Synnada (May 23). Two angels hold a crown above her head. Mother of God has been considered the Stewardess of the Holy Mountain ever since the tenth century when the Great Lavra was being built. Athanasius of Mt Athos was abandoned by his monks because there was a shortage of food and money. He also left the half-built Lavra, and began walking toward Karyes, intending to ask for advice about whether or not to beg the emperor for the funds needed to complete the building. After about two hours, he saw a beautiful woman standing before him wearing a long blue veil. “I know your sorrow,â€ She said, “and I would like to help. Where are you going?â€ Athanasius explained everything that had happened, and She asked, “Have you deserted your monastery for a morsel of bread? Go back! You will have everything you need in abundance, if you do not abandon your monastery.â€ “Who are you?â€ the astonished saint inquired. “I am the Mother of your Lord,â€ She replied. Athanasius hesitated to believe Her, afraid of being deceived by the Evil One. Then he asked Her how he could be sure that Her words were true. “Do you see this rock?â€ she asked, pointing to the side of the path. “Strike it with your staff in the name of the Holy Trinity, and you will know who is speaking to you. Do not appoint a steward at any time, for from this time forward, I shall be the Stewardess of your monastery.â€ Athanasius did as he was told, and the rock split open. A stream of water began to flow out of the crack. When he turned to face the Mother of God and to ask forgiveness for his doubt, She had disappeared. to the monastery, Saint Athanasius found all the storerooms filled to capacity with food, wine, and oil. The building was completed, and soon the Lavra was filled with monks once again. this day, the Lavra does not have a steward. There is, however, a monk who serves as an assistant steward to the Mother of God. The Economissa Icon rests on a throne in the narthex of the main church, and She remains the Stewardess of the Lavra. Pilgrims venerate the Icon before entering the side chapel with the saint’s tomb. spring of Saint Athanasius still flows with healing water. Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5 ;

skete monastery of Saint Maximus the Hut-Burner, Athanasius Lavra , Mt Athos, 1345 approx.
Lavra of St Athanasius; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1 ; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14 ; Venerable Gregory the Byzantine, Commemorated on April 6; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13; St Michael the Confessor the Bishop of Synnada, Commemorated on May 23; St (John) Tornike of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 12; Venerable Niphon of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 14; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; 6 Venerable Disciples of St Athanasius On Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Icon of the Mother of God œEconomissaÂ, Commemorated on July 5; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5 ;

Monastery of St. Athanasius the Athonite, Mt Athos, 963
(Monastery of St. Athanasius the Athonite aka the Great Lavra); Venerable John the Georgian, of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Venerable Maximus Kavsokalyvites of Mt Athos, Commemorated on January 13 ; St (John) Tornike of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 12;

The spring of St Athanasius, Mt Athos, 5 or 6 Miles, Economissa Icon
The spring of St Athanasius 5 Miles or 2 hour walk towards Karyes; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1 ; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; St (John) Tornike of Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 12; Icon of the Mother of God "Economissa", Commemorated July 5 ; Economissa (or Stewardess) Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos depicts the Mother of God seated on a throne, with Her Son on her left knee. Saint Athanasius of Mt Athos (July 5) stands on her right, holding a model of the Great Lavra. On her left is Saint Michael of Synnada (May 23). Two angels hold a crown above her head. Mother of God has been considered the Stewardess of the Holy Mountain ever since the tenth century when the Great Lavra was being built. Athanasius of Mt Athos was abandoned by his monks because there was a shortage of food and money. He also left the half-built Lavra, and began walking toward Karyes, intending to ask for advice about whether or not to beg the emperor for the funds needed to complete the building. After about two hours, he saw a beautiful woman standing before him wearing a long blue veil. “I know your sorrow,â€ She said, “and I would like to help. Where are you going?â€ Athanasius explained everything that had happened, and She asked, “Have you deserted your monastery for a morsel of bread? Go back! You will have everything you need in abundance, if you do not abandon your monastery.â€ “Who are you?â€ the astonished saint inquired. “I am the Mother of your Lord,â€ She replied. Athanasius hesitated to believe Her, afraid of being deceived by the Evil One. Then he asked Her how he could be sure that Her words were true. “Do you see this rock?â€ she asked, pointing to the side of the path. “Strike it with your staff in the name of the Holy Trinity, and you will know who is speaking to you. Do not appoint a steward at any time, for from this time forward, I shall be the Stewardess of your monastery.â€ Athanasius did as he was told, and the rock split open. A stream of water began to flow out of the crack. When he turned to face the Mother of God and to ask forgiveness for his doubt, She had disappeared. to the monastery, Saint Athanasius found all the storerooms filled to capacity with food, wine, and oil. The building was completed, and soon the Lavra was filled with monks once again. this day, the Lavra does not have a steward. There is, however, a monk who serves as an assistant steward to the Mother of God. The Economissa Icon rests on a throne in the narthex of the main church, and She remains the Stewardess of the Lavra. Pilgrims venerate the Icon before entering the side chapel with the saint’s tomb. spring of Saint Athanasius still flows with healing water. Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5;

The spring of St Athanasius 5 Miles or 2 hour walk towards Karyes

skete of Glossia, Provata, Mt Athos, Gregory Palamas
skete of Glossia, Provata, Mt Athos; skete of Glossia, Provata, Mt Athos; skete of Glossia, Provata, Mt Athos, address; Saint Gregory Palamas, Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14;

Skete of St Anne - near the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos, 963 or 1686
Skete of St Anne: a skete to the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos; Venerable Dionysius the Orator of St Anne Skete of Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 9; Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25 ; Anna was the daughter of the priest Matthan and his wife Mary. She was of the tribe of Levi and the lineage of Aaron. According to Tradition, she died peacefully in Jerusalem at age 79, before the Annunciation to the Most Holy Theotokos. the reign of Saint Justinian the Emperor (527-565), a church was built in her honor at Deutera. Emperor Justinian II (685-695; 705-711) restored her church, since Saint Anna had appeared to his pregnant wife. It was at this time that her body and maphorion (veil) were transferred to Constantinople. of Saint Anna’s holy relics may be found on Mount Athos: Stavronikita Monastery (part of her left hand), Saint Anna’s Skete (part of her incorrupt left foot), Koutloumousiou Monastery (part of her incorrupt right foot). Fragments of her relics may also be found in her Monastery at Lygaria, Lamia, and in the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian at Sourota. Part of the saint’s incorrupt flesh is in the collection of Saints’ relics of the International Catholic Crusaders. The church of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome has one of the saint’s wrists. Anna is also commemorated on September 9. Venerable Gerontius of St Anne Skete, Mt. Athos, Founder, Commemorated on July 26; Venerable Sophronius of Saint Anne Skete, Mount Athos, Commemorated on August 18; Monastic Martyr Hilarion of Saint Anne Skete, Mount Athos, Commemorated on September 20; New Martyr Ignatius the Monk of Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 8 ; Monkmartyr Cosmas of St Anne Skete, Mt Athos, Commemorated December 3 ; Venerable Dionysius the Orator of St Anne Skete of Mt Athos; Venerable Gerontius of St Anne Skete, Mt. Athos; New Martyr Nicetas of Pojani and Serres, Commemorated on April 4; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; New Martyr Ignatius the Martyr of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 1; New Monastic Martyr Νikόdēmos of Albania, Commemorated on July 11;

Little St Anne's Skete, arround 1921
Little St Anne's Skete;

Megistis Lavra (Great Lavra of Mt Athos)
Megistis Lavra (Great Lavra of Mt Athos); Venerable John the Georgian, of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Venerable Philotheus the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated October 8 ; St Basil the Great the Archbishop of Caesarea, in Cappadocia, Commemorated January 1 ; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; St Michael the Confessor the Bishop of Synnada, Commemorated on May 23; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; 6 Venerable Disciples of St Athanasius On Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Icon of the Mother of God œEconomissaÂ, Commemorated on July 5; Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5 ;

Great Lavra of Mt. Athos (Megisti Lavra) 963
Great (first) Lavra of Mt. Athos (Megisti Lavra); Venerable John the Georgian, of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Venerable Gregory Domesticus of the Great Lavra of Mt Athos, Commemorated October 1 ; Venerable John (Koukouzelis) the Hymnographer of Mt. Athos, Albania, Commemorated on October 1; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14; Venerable Paisius Velichkovsky, Commemorated on November 15 ; St John the New Martyr of Bulgaria, Commemorated on March 5; St John of Khakhuli the Oqropiri, also called Chrysostom, Commemorated on March 10 ; Monkmartyr Euthymius of Prodromou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on March 22; New Martyr Raphael of Lesbos, Commemorated on April 9; New Martyr Ignatius the Martyr of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 1; Venerable Nilus the Myrrhgusher of Lavra of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 7; St Michael the Confessor the Bishop of Synnada, Commemorated on May 23; Saint Dionysios, the builder of Prodromou Monastery, Mount Athos, Commemorated on June 25; New Martyr David of Saint Anne's Skete, Commemorated on June 26; Icon of the Mother of God œEconomissaÂ, Commemorated on July 5;

Prodromou Monastery, Mt Athos, 1375
Prodromou Monastery; Prodromitsa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on July 12; Monkmartyr James of Prodromou on Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 1 ; Monkmartyr Euthymius of Prodromou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on March 22; Saint Dionysios, the builder of Prodromou Monastery, Mount Athos, Commemorated on June 25;

Prodromou Skete, Mt Athos, formerly Moldavian Theophany Skete & The Romanian Skete of Saint John the Forerunner
Prodromou Monastery; Prodromitsa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on July 12; Monkmartyr James of Prodromou on Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 1 ; Monkmartyr Euthymius of Prodromou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on March 22; Saint Dionysios, the builder of Prodromou Monastery, Mount Athos, Commemorated on June 25;

Greece, Mt Athos, , Prodromou Skete, Mt Athos, 1375
Prodromou Monastery; Prodromitsa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on July 12; Icon is kept in the Moldavian Theophany (now Prodromou)1 Skete on Mount Athos, about an hour's walk from the Lavra of St. Athanasios. 1863, Igoumen Niphon, accompanied by several monks, went to Moldavia on the Monastery's business. at Iași, the capital of Moldavia, the Athonite monks decided to order an icon of the Mother of God for their Monastery, and began to look for a master, who would not only know his craft well, but at the same time he would lead a good life, have the fear of God, and who would be adorned with Christian piety. Soon they managed to find such a man at Iași, the aged painter, George Nikolaev (Iordache Nicolau), with whom they agreed that he should paint the icon only while fasting, before eating any food, and by himself, without the participation and assistance of others. old man, having agreed to these conditions, zealously set about his work. The work progressed quickly to its end: it remained only to paint the faces of the Mother of God and the Divine Child. But when the painter started to execute the last part of the work, he suffered a setback: he couldn't paint the faces correctly, despite all his efforts. He was upset and told the monks of his failure, and he even began to doubt himself, whether he had forgotten his art in his old age. painter increased his fasting and prayed with tears. Early one morning, after intensified fasting and fervent prayer, he entered his workroom to finish the task that had caused him so much grief and anxiety. Approaching the Icon and looking at it, he suddenly stopped, struck with amazement: from the canvas of the Icon the faces of the Mother of God and the Child looked at him, painted by an invisible hand and radiant with heavenly beauty and artistic expression. The painter was awestruck: the more he considered these faces, the more clearly he understood that a great and incomprehensible miracle of the Queen of Heaven had occurred, and that she had heard his humble and fervent prayers. Overcome with amazement, the artist did not dare to touch this Icon with his brush, but only covered it with varnish. of this miracle quickly spread throughout the city, and many people gathered in the artist's home, so that the Athonite monks had great difficulty in moving the Icon from his house to their apartment. The miraculous event that had occurred was also made known to the local Metropolitan, His Grace Callinic (Miclescu), who at that time held the office of Metropolitan. He examined the Icon carefully and recognized the truth of the miracle. After that, a Moleben was served before the Icon, and only then were the people allowed to venerate the image of the Mother of God, which from that time began to be glorified by many miraculous signs. certain man had a large thorn in his eyes, and he could not see anything. He was brought in to venerate the Icon of the Mother of God and was given some Holy Water to drink, and to wash with it. He took some of it with him to his house. Three days later he received perfect sight, so that without the help of others he was able to come to give thanks to the Mother of God before her miraculous Icon for his healing. nobleman had a child who was unconscious for three days without any movement, so that only by the child's barely perceptible breath could one determine that a faint spark of life still remained. Despairing of saving his child from death by conventional medical means, the father turned to the Mother of God for help, praying fervently before her Icon. Taking some Holy Water to his house, he sprinkled the dying child and poured a few drops into his mouth. And a miracle occurred: the child had already died, but then he recovered. other patients afflicted with various ailments received healing by praying before the Icon of the Mother of God. In view of the numerous miracles performed by the power of the Theotokos through her Holy Icon, not only did Orthodox Christians come to venerate her, but also schismatics, Armenians, and even Jews, for there was the case of a Jewish woman who received her gracious help, which was why she and her entire household were baptized. return of the Athonite monks with the Icon, from Iași to their Monastery on Athos, was also accompanied by many miracles. the monks arrived with the Icon in the city of Byrlad, the people's teacher in that city wished to receive the Holy Icon in his house, and for this purpose he sent people for it. The monks advised him to come to them if he wished to venerate the Icon, instead of bringing it to his home. But the teacher insisted on having his way. The monks decided to grant his wish. When two of them tried to lift the Icon, despite all their efforts, they could not do so. It took four monks to lift the icon, but only with great effort. When the Icon was brought to the carriage in order to put it in, a loud noise was heard, frightening everyone, both people and the horses. It turned out that the kiot containing the Icon had cracked. Then everyone knew that the Mother of God did not want to have her Icon brought to the teacher's house, and it was decided not to carry it to the teacher's home. Then a strange thing occurred: this time, two monks were able to lift the Icon without any difficulty. pious woman who lived outside the city of Byrlad beheld a vision in a dream telling her to go into the city to venerate the Icon. When she arrived, she recognized the very Icon that she had seen in the vision. the monks came to Galați there was a painter who, seeing a multitude of people flocking to venerate the Icon, began to mock it, urging people not to believe the miracle of how the faces had not been painted by any earthly artist. But when he gazed at the Icon of the Mother of God, the exression on her face seemed so fierce to him that he was struck with great horror. Then he became a zealous admirer of the wonderworking Icon. the time the monks arrived at their Skete on the Holy Mountain, there was a sick monk, who had not eaten any food for three weeks, nor did he speak. He was so weak that he did not move at all. Only by his breathing could anyone tell that he was still alive. When the monks arrived at the Skete, the patient seemed to awaken from a deep sleep and asked to be taken to venerate the Holy Icon. Presenting himself before the Icon, he turned to the Mother of God with this plea: "O Mother of God! You know my heart and you know my fate. If it would be good for me to live, then give me health. If, after I am healed of my illness, I do not behave better, then let me die: end my life here on earth, so that I do not suffer or endure torments there, in the grave." After praying this way, he returned to his cell, put on clean linen and his full monastic garb, and asked to partake of the Holy Mysteries of Christ. He seemed to have a clear premonition of his approaching death. And, indeed, less than an hour after receiving Communion, he departed peacefully and quietly to the Lord. this Skete there were even more cases of healings by the Icon of the Mother of God. The monk Sergius was healed from weakness in all his members, and from deafness, and one of the masters who worked in the same Skete was subjected to torments by an unclean spirit; as soon as he was brought to the Icon of the Mother of God, he was freed from the excruciating power of the Enemy. addition to the recorded accounts, many other wonderful signs took place on Mount Athos from the Moldavian Icon of the Mother of God, which continues to work miracles up to the present day. 1 The Romanian Skete of Saint John the Forerunner on Mount Athos.

Skete of Kausokalyvia (of St Maximus the Hut Burner, Kavsokalyvites)
Skete of Kausokalyvia; New Monastic Martyr Νikόdēmos of Albania, Commemorated on July 11; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mount Athos, Commemorated on April 12;

Holy Skete of John the Forerunner, Prodromou Monastery, Mt Athos, 1375
Prodromou Monastery; Monkmartyr James of Prodromou on Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 1 ; Monkmartyr Euthymius of Prodromou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on March 22; Saint Dionysios, the builder of Prodromou Monastery, Mount Athos, Commemorated on June 25;

Maleon, Mount Maleon (on the eastern part of Athos)
Mount Maleon (on the eastern part of Athos) Venerable Athanasius the Founder of the Great Lavra and Coenobitic Monasticism on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 5; Venerable Thomas of Mt. Maleon, Commemorated on July 7;

Skete of St Anna, New Skete, St Paulas Monastery, Mt Athos, 1610 approx.
Skete of St Anna, St Paulas Monastery; New Martyr Ignatius the Monk of Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 8; New Martyr David of Saint Anne's Skete, Commemorated on June 26; Venerable Dionysius the Orator of St Anne Skete of Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 9;

St Paula's Monastery on Mount Athos, 1035
St Paula'™s Monastery on Mount Athos; New Martyr Ignatius the Monk of Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 8; Monkmartyr Pachomius of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 7;

Dionysiou monastery, Mt Athos, 1374
Dionysiou monastery, monastery of St. John the Forerunner; Repose of the Venerable Nicodemus the Hagiorite, Commemorated on July 14 ; St Niphon the Patriarch of Constantinople of Mt Athos, Commemorated on August 11; Monkmartyr Joseph of Dionysiou on Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 14 ; Venerable Philotheus of Dionysiou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on October 21 ; Monkmartyr Joseph of Dionysiou on Mt Athos, Commemorated on October 26 ; Venerable Theodosius the Metropolitan of Trebizond, Commemorated on January 11 ; St Hilarion the Georgian, the New, Commemorated February 14 ; St Joseph of Dionysiou, Commemorated February 17 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the AkathistÂ, Commemorated on March 27; Venerable Leontius the Hagiorite, Commemorated on June 18 ; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

St John the Forerunner (Dionysiou) monastery, Mt Athos 1374
Dionysiou monastery, monastery of St. John the Forerunner; Repose of the Venerable Nicodemus the Hagiorite, Commemorated on July 14 ; St Niphon the Patriarch of Constantinople of Mt Athos, Commemorated on August 11; Monkmartyr Joseph of Dionysiou on Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 14 ; Venerable Philotheus of Dionysiou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on October 21 ; Monkmartyr Joseph of Dionysiou on Mt Athos, Commemorated on October 26 ; Venerable Theodosius the Metropolitan of Trebizond, Commemorated on January 11 ; St Hilarion the Georgian, the New, Commemorated February 14 ; St Joseph of Dionysiou, Commemorated February 17 ; Icon of the Mother of God ÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â¢ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â€ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Âœof the AkathistÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â¢ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â€ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on March 27; Venerable Leontius the Hagiorite, Commemorated on June 18 ; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

Grigoriou monastery, Mt Athos, Serb, 1374 approx
Grigoriou monastery; New Martyr Ignatius the Monk of Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 8; Venerable Gregory the Founder of Grigoriou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated on December 7;

Simonopetra monastery, Mt Athos, 1200, 13th Century
New Bethlehem or Simonopetra monastery; Monastery (Greek: Î£Î¹Î¼Ï‰Î½ÏŒÏ€ÎµÏ„ÏÎ±, literally: "Simon's Rock"), also Monastery of Simonos Petra (Greek: ÎœÎ¿Î½Î® Î£Î¯Î¼Ï‰Î½Î¿Ï‚ Î ÎÏ„ÏÎ±Ï‚), is an Eastern Orthodox monastery in the monastic state of Mount Athos in Greece. Simonopetra ranks thirteenth in the hierarchy of the Athonite monasteries. The monastery is located in the southern coast of the Athos peninsula, between the Athonite port of Dafni and Osiou Grigoriou monastery. While the southern coast of Athos is quite rugged in general, the particular site upon which the monastery is built is exceptionally harsh. It is built on top of a single huge rock, practically hanging from a cliff 330 metres over the sea.[1] The monastery currently houses 54 monks, and the hegumen is Archimandrite Eliseus. monastery was founded during the 13th century by Simon the Athonite, who was later sanctified by the Eastern Orthodox Church as Saint Simon the Myrrh-bearer. Tradition holds that Simon, while dwelling in a nearby cave, saw a dream in which the Theotokos instructed him to build a monastery on top of the rock, promising him that she would protect and provide for him and the monastery. The original monastery was called by Simon "New Bethlehem" (Greek: ÎÎÎ± Î’Î·Î¸Î»ÎµÎÎ¼) and is to this day dedicated to the Nativity of Jesus. 1364, the Serbian despot Jovan UgljeÅ¡a funded the renovation and expansion of the monastery. pilgrim Isaiah wrote that, by the end of the 15th century, the monastery was Bulgarian.[2] 1581, Simonopetra was destroyed by a fire, in which a large portion of the monks died. Evgenios, the monastery's abbot traveled to the Danubian Principalities hoping to raise funds to rebuild the monastery. The most important donor was Michael the Brave, Prince of Wallachia, who donated large portions of land as well as money to the monastery. The monastery was also burnt in 1626, and the last great fire happened in 1891, after which the monastery was rebuilt to its current form. recent centuries, the monks of the monastery were traditionally from Ionia in Asia Minor. However, during the mid 20th century the brotherhood was greatly thinned out because of a great reduction in the influx of new monks. The current brotherhood originates from the Holy Monastery of Great Meteoron in Meteora as in 1973 the Athonite community headed by Archimandrite Emilianos decided to repopulate the almost abandoned monastery. Venerable Simon the Myrrh-gusher of Mt Athos, Commemorated December 28 ; Venerable Theonas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 4; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1;

New Bethlehem monastery, Mt Athos, 1200, 13th Century
New Bethlehem monastery; Venerable Simon the Myrrh-gusher of Mt Athos, Commemorated December 28 ;

Philotheou monastery, Mt Athos, 990
Philotheou monastery; Venerable Dometius of Philotheou, Mount Athos, Commemorated on August 7; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; Venerable Callistus Xanthopoulos of Mt Athos, Commemorated November 22 ; Venerable Theodosius the Metropolitan of Trebizond, Commemorated January11: Venerable Dionysius of Olympus, Commemorated January 24; Venerable Philotheus the Founder of Philotheou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated January 24 ; Monkmartyr Damian of Philotheou, Commemorated February 23 ; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; Icon of the Mother of God of Mt. Athos, "œSweet Kissing"Â, Commemorated on April 21; Icon of the Mother of God of Mt. Athos, "œSweet Kissing"Â, Commemorated on May 6;

Glykophiloussa - Monastery of Philotheou (Athos), 990
Glykophiloussa - Monastery of Philotheou (Athos) monastery, Mt Athos, 990; Philotheou monastery; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; Venerable Callistus Xanthopoulos of Mt Athos, Commemorated November 22 ; Venerable Theodosius the Metropolitan of Trebizond, Commemorated January11: Venerable Dionysius of Olympus, Commemorated January 24; Venerable Philotheus the Founder of Philotheou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated January 24 ; Monkmartyr Damian of Philotheou, Commemorated February 23 ; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; Icon of the Mother of God of Mt. Athos, "œSweet Kissing"Â, Commemorated on April 21; Icon of the Mother of God of Mt. Athos, "œSweet Kissing"Â, Commemorated on May 6;

Magul skete, Mt Athos, near Philotheou
Magul skete on Holy Mount Athos (opposite the monastery of Philotheou) Venerable Callistus Xanthopoulos of Mt Athos, Commemorated November 22 ;

Kavsokalyvia (Karakalou) Monastery, 1000's
Kavsokalyvia (Karakalou) Monastery; Monkmartyr Pachomius of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 7;

Xeropotamou Monastery, Mt Athos, 985 approx.
Xeropotamou Monastery; Venerable Paul the Founder of the Xeropotamou Monastery On Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 28 ; Venerable Callistus Xanthopoulos of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 22 ; New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, Commemorated January 25 ;

Skete of St. John the Theologian, Iviron Monastery, Mt Athos
Skete of St. John the Theologian ; Venerable Christodoulos the Philosopher, Commemorated on August 18; St George (John) of Georgia, Commemorated January 21 ;

Serbian Iveron monastery
Serbian Iveron monastery; Venerable Christodoulos the Philosopher, Commemorated on August 18; St Ephraim the Bulgarian, Patriarch of Serbia, Commemorated on June 15;

Iviron monastery (seaport, Serbian and Georgian, Mt Athos) 980
Iviron monastery ; Venerable John the Georgian, of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Venerable Christodoulos the Philosopher, Commemorated on August 18; St John, Commemorated on September 21; Venerable John the Georgian, of Mt. Athos, Commemorated July 12 ; Venerable George of Mt. Athos, the Builder, Commemorated on July 28; St Arsenius the Bishop of Ninotsminda, Commemorated on July 31 ; Venerable Gabriel the Georgian, of Mt. Athos; Venerable George of Mt. Athos, the Builder; St George (John) of Georgia, Commemorated September 8 ; Venerable Hierotheus the Younger of Iveron of Mt Athos, Commemorated September 13 ; Arrival of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God in Georgia, Commemorated on September 26 ; Translation of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God to Moscow, Commemorated on October 13 ; Venerable Nicholas, Radiant Star of the Georgians, Commemorated November 3 ; St George (John) of Georgia, Commemorated January 21 ; St John, Commemorated on January 23 ; St George (John) of Georgia; Icon of the Mother of God "Iveron", Commemorated February 12 ; St Hilarion the Georgian, the New, Commemorated February 14 ; St Nicholas the Catholicos of Georgia, Commemorated February 18 ; Appearance of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on March 31; St Basil Ratishvili of Georgia, Commemorated on April 18; Icon of the Mother of God of Mt. Athos, Sweet KissingÂ, Commemorated on April 21; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; St Euthymius the New, Founder of the Iveron Monastery and His Fellow Georgian Saints of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13; St Michael the Confessor the Bishop of Synnada, Commemorated on May 23; St Ephraim the Bulgarian, Patriarch of Serbia, Commemorated on June 15; New Martyr David of Saint Anne's Skete, Commemorated on June 26; Venerable George of Mt. Athos, Georgian, Commemorated on June 27; St George the God-Bearer, Commemorated on July 3; Venerable Theophilus the Myrrhgusher of Macedonia, Commemorated on July 8; Venerable Gabriel the Georgian of Mount Athos, Commemorated on July 12;

Angio Panteleimonos Monastery, Serb and Russian, Mt Athos, 1169
Russian monastery of St Panteleimon ; Greatmartyr and Healer Panteleimon, Commemorated July 27 ; Martyr Menodora at Nicomedia, Commemorated on September 10; Icon of the Mother of God the "Deliveress", Commemorated October 17 ; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; St Hilarion the Georgian, the New, Commemorated February 14 ; New Martyr Nicetas of Pojani and Serres, Commemorated on April 4; New Martyr Ignatius the Martyr of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 1; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10 ;

Monastery of St Panteleimon, Mt Athos, Serb and Russian, 1169
Monastery of St Panteleimon, Mt Athos, Russian, founded by Prince Lazarus of Serbia ; New Martyr Nicetas of Pojani and Serres, Commemorated on April 4; Right-believing Prince Lazarus the Great Martyr of Serbia, Commemorated on June 15;

Panteleimon (Angio Panteleimonos) Monastery, Serb and Russian, Mt Athos, 1169
Russian monastery of St Panteleimon ; Greatmartyr and Healer Panteleimon, Commemorated July 27 ; Saint Sava I, first Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated on August 30 and January 14; Martyr Menodora at Nicomedia, Commemorated on September 10; Icon of the Mother of God the "Deliveress", Commemorated October 17 ; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; St Hilarion the Georgian, the New, Commemorated February 14 ; New Martyr Nicetas of Pojani and Serres, Commemorated on April 4; Hieromartyr Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople, Commemorated on April 10; New Martyr Ignatius the Martyr of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 1; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; St John Maximovitch the Metropolitan of Tobolsk, Commemorated on June 10 ;

Xenophontos Monastery, Mt Athos, 1821
Xenophontos Monastery; Venerable Callistus Xanthopoulos of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 22 ; Icon of the Mother of God œXenophon HodigitriaÂ, Commemorated on January 21; Xenophon Hodegetria Icon of the Mother of God according to tradition, this wonderworking icon was for many years at the Vatopedi monastery on Mt. Athos, in the katholikon in front of a column on the left cliros. 1730, it mysteriously disappeared not only from the church, but also from the monastery. Since the doors were locked, the monks assumed that thieves had stolen it. Soon they heard that the icon was at the Xenophon monastery, a three hour journey from Vatopedi. monks were sent to return their spiritual treasure to the Vatopedi monastery. The icon was restored to its former place, and the Fathers of the monastery took precautions to prevent the icon from being stolen again. However, the icon of the Mother of God left the Vatopedi monastery and appeared at Xenophon a second and third time. Persuaded that this was actually a miraculous occurrence, the brethren of the monastery decided not to oppose the will of the Mother of God, and left the icon at Xenophon. As a sign of their blessing, the brethren provided candles and oil for the icon. Hodegetria Icon at Xenophon is in the katholikon, before a column on the left cliros, the very same place it occupied at the Vatopedi monastery New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; Icon of the Mother of God œthe DirectressÂ from the Monastery of Xenophontos on Mt Athos, Commemorated on June 20;

Protaton, Mt Athos (Karyes), Monastic office (Protos), ecclesiastical seat otProtos (primate), Mt A monastic community
Protaton; Kayes; Icon of the Mother of God "It Is Truly Meet", Commemorated July 13 ; Venerable Philotheus of Karyes of Mt Athos, Commemorated December 5 ; Monastic Martyrs of Karyes, Commemorated December 5 ; St Eleni (who was also called Susanna), New martyr of Lesbos, Commemorated on April 9; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; Synaxis of the “Axion Estin” Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on June 11;

Protaton Church, Mt Athos (Karyes Church) 962
Protaton Church Protaton; Kayes; Icon of the Mother of God "It Is Truly Meet", Commemorated July 13 ; Venerable Philotheus of Karyes of Mt Athos, Commemorated December 5 ; Monastic Martyrs of Karyes, Commemorated December 5 ; St Eleni (who was also called Susanna), New martyr of Lesbos, Commemorated on April 9; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; Synaxis of the “Axion Estin” Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on June 11;

Church of the Theotokos, Protaton Church, Mt Athos (Karyes Church) 962
Protaton Church Protaton; Kayes; Icon of the Mother of God "It Is Truly Meet", Commemorated July 13 ; Venerable Philotheus of Karyes of Mt Athos, Commemorated December 5 ; Monastic Martyrs of Karyes, Commemorated December 5 ; St Eleni (who was also called Susanna), New martyr of Lesbos, Commemorated on April 9; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; Synaxis of the “Axion Estin” Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on June 11; New Martyr David of Saint Anne's Skete, Commemorated on June 26;

Karyes, Athos (the capital of the Holy Mountain)
Kayes; Venerable Dionysius the Orator of St Anne Skete of Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 9; Icon of the Mother of God "It Is Truly Meet"Commemorated July 13 ; Venerable Philotheus of Karyes of Mt Athos, Commemorated December 5 ; Monastic Martyrs of Karyes, Commemorated on December 5 ; Venerable Romilus of Ravenica, Commemorated on January 16 ; Venerable Nicholas the Confessor the Abbot of Studion, Commemorated on February 4 ; St Eleni (who was also called Susanna), New martyr of Lesbos, Commemorated on April 9; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; Commemoration of the Appearance of the Archangel Gabriel to a Monk on Mt. Athos, and the Revelation of the Hymn, œIt Is Truly Meet... Or Axion Estin, Commemorated on June 11; Icon of the Mother of God œEconomissaÂ, Commemorated on July 5;

Cell of St Anthony in Karyes, Athos (the capital of the Holy Mountain)
Cell of St Anthony in Karyes, Athos (the capital of the Holy Mountain); Kayes; Venerable Makarius of Corinth, Commemorated on April 17;

Athonite Academy, Karyes, Athos, 1749
Athonite Academy, Karyes, Athos ; Athonite or Athonias Academy is a Greek Orthodox educational institution founded at 1749 in Mount Athos, then in the Ottoman Empire and now in Greece. school offered high level education, where ancient philosophy and modern physical science were taught.[1] the establishment of the Athonite Academy the local monastic community took a leading role in the modern Greek Enlightenment during the 18th century.[2] It aroused the hostility of more conservative circles and was shut down in 1821, but reopened in 1842. Academy's function was also suspended in 1916–1930 and 1940–1953 due to the World Wars. Kayes; Saint Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

Koutloumousiou Monastery, Karyes, Mt Athos, 1370 approx. St Anne, mother of Theotokos
Koutloumousiou Monastery, Karyes, Mt Athos ; Venerable Paisios of the Holy Mountain, Commemorated on July 12 Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25 ; Anna was the daughter of the priest Matthan and his wife Mary. She was of the tribe of Levi and the lineage of Aaron. According to Tradition, she died peacefully in Jerusalem at age 79, before the Annunciation to the Most Holy Theotokos. the reign of Saint Justinian the Emperor (527-565), a church was built in her honor at Deutera. Emperor Justinian II (685-695; 705-711) restored her church, since Saint Anna had appeared to his pregnant wife. It was at this time that her body and maphorion (veil) were transferred to Constantinople. of Saint Anna’s holy relics may be found on Mount Athos: Stavronikita Monastery (part of her left hand), Saint Anna’s Skete (part of her incorrupt left foot), Koutloumousiou Monastery (part of her incorrupt right foot). Fragments of her relics may also be found in her Monastery at Lygaria, Lamia, and in the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian at Sourota. Part of the saint’s incorrupt flesh is in the collection of Saints’ relics of the International Catholic Crusaders. The church of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome has one of the saint’s wrists. Anna is also commemorated on September 9.

Stavronikita Monastery, Mt Athos, before 1012, St Anne, mother of Theotokos
Stavronikita Monastery; Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25 ; Anna was the daughter of the priest Matthan and his wife Mary. She was of the tribe of Levi and the lineage of Aaron. According to Tradition, she died peacefully in Jerusalem at age 79, before the Annunciation to the Most Holy Theotokos. the reign of Saint Justinian the Emperor (527-565), a church was built in her honor at Deutera. Emperor Justinian II (685-695; 705-711) restored her church, since Saint Anna had appeared to his pregnant wife. It was at this time that her body and maphorion (veil) were transferred to Constantinople. of Saint Anna’s holy relics may be found on Mount Athos: Stavronikita Monastery (part of her left hand), Saint Anna’s Skete (part of her incorrupt left foot), Koutloumousiou Monastery (part of her incorrupt right foot). Fragments of her relics may also be found in her Monastery at Lygaria, Lamia, and in the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian at Sourota. Part of the saint’s incorrupt flesh is in the collection of Saints’ relics of the International Catholic Crusaders. The church of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome has one of the saint’s wrists. Anna is also commemorated on September 9. New Martyr Chryse (Zlata) of Meglena, Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 13 ;

Elias Skete, Mt Athos (Prophet Elijah Skete, Pantokrator Monastery) 1759
Elias Skete, Mt Athos (Prophet Elijah Skete, Pantokrator Monastery); Venerable Paisius Velichkovsky, Commemorated on November 15; Icon of the Mother of God Weeping "Tikhvin" on Mt Athos, Commemorated February 17 ;

Saint Elias Skete, Mt Athos (Prophet Elijah Skete, Pantokrator Monastery) 1759
Elias Skete, Mt Athos (Prophet Elijah Skete, Pantokrator Monastery); Venerable Paisius Velichkovsky, Commemorated on November 15; Icon of the Mother of God Weeping "Tikhvin" on Mt Athos, Commemorated February 17 ;

Pantokrator Monastery, Mt Athos, 1363
Pantokrator Monastery; Martyr Florus of Illyria, Commemorated on August 18; Deposition of the Holy Relics of Saint Joseph Samakos the Sanctified (1669), Commemorated on August 29; St Joseph the New of Partos the Metropolitan of Timishoara (Romania), Commemorated September 15 ; Venerable Theodosius the Metropolitan of Trebizond, Commemorated on January 11 ; Venerable Paisius Velichkovsky; Venerable Theonas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 4; St John the Russian and Confessor, whose relics are on the island of Euboia, Commemorated on May 27 ; New Martyr David of Saint Anne's Skete, Commemorated on June 26; Venerable Theophilus the Myrrhgusher of Macedonia, Commemorated on July 8;

Church of the Transfiguration of The Savior, Pantokrator Monastery, Mt Athos, 1363
Pantokrator Monastery; Martyr Florus of Illyria, Commemorated on August 18; St Joseph the New of Partos the Metropolitan of Timishoara (Romania), Commemorated September 15 ; Venerable Theodosius the Metropolitan of Trebizond, Commemorated on January 11 ; Venerable Paisius Velichkovsky; Venerable Theonas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 4; St John the Russian and Confessor, whose relics are on the island of Euboia, Commemorated on May 27 ; New Martyr David of Saint Anne's Skete, Commemorated on June 26; Venerable Theophilus the Myrrhgusher of Macedonia, Commemorated on July 8;

Daphne, Mt Athos
Docheiariou monastery; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ; Monkmartyr James of Prodromou on Mt Athos, Commemorated November 1 ; Venerable Euthymius the Co-Founder of Dochiariou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 9 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Quick to Hear", Commemorated November 9 ;

Docheiariou monastery, Mt Athos, 960's
Docheiariou monastery; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ; Monkmartyr James of Prodromou on Mt Athos, Commemorated November 1 ; Venerable Euthymius the Co-Founder of Dochiariou Monastery of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 9 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Quick to Hear", Commemorated November 9 ;

Konstamonitou Monastery, Mt Athos, Macedonia, 1020
Konstamonitou Monastery; Foreteller Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on August 1 ;

Zographou Monestary, Bulgarian, Mt Athos, 980
Zographou Monastery; 26 Monk-Martyrs of Zographou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 21 ; Venerable Cosmas the Bulgarian of Zographou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 21; Venerable Cosmas of the Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on September 22 ; Hearer Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on September 22; Icon of the Mother of God "of the Akathist" of the Zographou Monastery, Commemorated October 10 ; 26 Martyrs of the Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos at the hands of the Crusaders, Commemorated October 10 ; Venerable Pimen the Bulgarian of the Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated November 3 ; St Hilarion the Georgian, the New, Commemorated February 14 ; Venerable Damian of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated February 23 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the AkathistÂ, Commemorated on March 27; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13;

Vatopedi monastery, Mt Athos, 950
Vatopedi monastery ; Repose of the Venerable Nicodemus the Hagiorite, Commemorated on July 14 ; Greatmartyr Marina (Margaret) of Antioch in Pisidia, Commemorated on July 17; St Niphon the Patriarch of Constantinople of Mt Athos, Commemorated on August 11; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; The Placing of the Cincture (Sash) of the Most Holy Mother of God, Commemorated on August 31; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14; Venerable Cosmas of the Zographou Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on September 22 ; Icon of the Mother of God "œthe Joyful"Â, Commemorated on November 7 ; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14; Venerable Gennadius of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 17 ; St George of Cernica and Caldarushani, Commemorated December 3 ; Venerable Euthymius and twelve other Monks, martyred at Vatopedi, Commemorated on January 4 Venerable Macarius of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on January 6 ; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; Venerable Maximus Kavsokalyvites of Mt Athos, Commemorated on January 13 ; Venerable Neophytus of Vatopedi, Mt Athos; Venerable Maximus the Greek, Commemorated January 21 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Comfort" or "Consolation", Commemorated January 21 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Stabbed", Commemorated January 21; Icon of the Mother of God "Xenophon Hodigitria", Commemorated January 21 ; Venerable Neophytus of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated January 21 ; Venerable Agapius of Vatopedi, Commemorated on March 1; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; Venerable Theophilus the Myrrhgusher of Macedonia, Commemorated on July 8;

skete of Glossia. Vatopedia Monastery
skete of Glossia. Vatopedia Monastery;

Batopedi monastery, Mt Athos, 950
Batopedi monastery ; Repose of the Venerable Nicodemus the Hagiorite, Commemorated on July 14 ; Greatmartyr Marina (Margaret) of Antioch in Pisidia, Commemorated on July 17; St Niphon the Patriarch of Constantinople of Mt Athos, Commemorated on August 11; The Placing of the Cincture (Sash) of the Most Holy Mother of God, Commemorated on August 31; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles; Icon of the Mother of God ÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â¢ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â€ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Âœthe JoyfulÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â¢ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â€ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on November 7 ; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14; Venerable Gennadius of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 17 ; St George of Cernica and Caldarushani, Commemorated December 3 ; Venerable Macarius of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on January 6 ; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; Venerable Maximus Kavsokalyvites of Mt Athos, Commemorated on January 13 ; Venerable Neophytus of Vatopedi, Mt Athos; Venerable Maximus the Greek, Commemorated January 21 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Comfort" or "Consolation", Commemorated January 21 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Stabbed", Commemorated January 21; Icon of the Mother of God "Xenophon Hodigitria", Commemorated January 21 ; Venerable Neophytus of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated January 21 ; Venerable Agapius of Vatopedi, Commemorated on March 1; Martyrs killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on May 13; Venerable Theophilus the Myrrhgusher of Macedonia, Commemorated on July 8;

Hilandar monastery, Mt Athos (Serbian, Bulgarian) 1198
Hilandar monastery; Icon of the Mother of God "of the Three Hands" on Mt Athos; Icon of the Mother of God the "Milk-Giver" of the Hilandar Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated July 3 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the Three Hands ÂÂ on Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Saint Savva III of Serbia, Commemorated on July 26; Icon of the Mother of God of Damascus, Commemorated on December 4 ; St Daniel II the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated December 20 ; Venerable New Martyr Onuphrius of Hilandar (Mount Athos), Commemorated on January 4; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Akathist, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God the œMilkgiverÂÂ, Commemorated on January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God, the "Priestly", Commemorated January 12 ; Hieromartyr Damascene of Hilandar of Mt Athos, Commemorated January 16 ; Venerable Stephen (In Monasticism Simeon), the Myrrhgusher and Prince of Serbia, Commemorated on February 13 ; Venerable Damian of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated February 23 ; Translation of the relics of St Nicephorus the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on March 13 ; Icon of the Mother of God œof the AkathistÂÂ, Commemorated on March 27; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; Prophet Isaiah, Commemorated on May 9 ; St Nicodemus the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated on May 11 ; Venerable Paisius of Hilandar, Bulgaria, Commemorated on June 19; Icon of the Mother of God “Of the Three Handsâ€, Commemorated on June 28; Icon of the Mother of God the œMilk-GiverÂ of the Hilandar Monastery on Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 3;

Mt. Samareia, Mt Athos
Saint Damien struggled on a mountain called Samareia, between the monasteries of Hilandar and Esphigmenou, and also in one of the caves where the Father of Russian Monasticism, St Anthony of the Caves (July 10), had lived in asceticism. Icon of the Mother of God ÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â¢ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â€ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Âœof the Three HandsÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â¢ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â€ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ on Mt Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Venerable Damian of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated February 23 ; Icon of the Mother of God ÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â¢ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â€ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Âœof the AkathistÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â¢ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â€ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚ÂÂÂÂ, Commemorated on March 27; St Nicodemus the Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated on May 11 ;

Mount of the Ascension monestary, Mt Athos, little after 963
Mount of the Ascension monestary; Venerable Melania the Younger of Rome, Commemorated December 31 ;

Karyes monastery, Mt Athos, little after 963
Karyes monastery; Venerable Paϊsios of the Holy Mountain, Commemorated on July 12; Venerable Romilus of Ravenica, Commemorated on January 16 ; Monkmartyr Agathangelus of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 19; Commemoration of the Appearance of the Archangel Gabriel to a Monk on Mt. Athos, and the Revelation of the Hymn, œIt Is Truly Meet...Â Or Axion Estin, Commemorated on June 11; Synaxis of the “Axion Estin” Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on June 11; Venerable Theophilus the Myrrhgusher of Macedonia, Commemorated on July 8;

Esphigmenou monastery, Mt Athos, little after 963
Esphigmenou monastery; Venerable Paϊsios of the Holy Mountain, Commemorated on July 12; St Athanasius the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated October 24 ; Venerable Athanasius the Younger the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated October 28 ; St. Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14 ; Venerable Damian of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated February 23 ; Monkmartyr Agathangelus of Esphigmenou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 19; St Athanasius of Lubensk the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 2;

monestary of St Anastasia, Deliverer of Potions, Mt Athos
monestary of St Anastasia, Deliverer of Potions; Greatmartyr Anastasia the œDeliverer from PotionsÂ, Commemorated on December 22;

Ierissos, Mt Athos
Ierissos; Icon of the Mother of God of Mt. Athos, "œSweet Kissing"Â, Commemorated on May 6;

Lemnos Island (near Mt Athos)
Lemnos Island; Greatmartyr Euphemia the All-praised, Commemorated on September 16; Martyr Melitina of Marcianopolis, Commemorated September 16 ;

Greece, Macedonia, Axios River Folder (Thesalonica, Agean Sea)

Axios (Vardar) River

Axios (Vardar) River Source (Scardus Mountains)

Scardus Mountains, between Albania and Macedonia
Scardus Mountains;

Scardus Mountains Park
Scardus Mountains National Park;

Axios (Vardar) River 1 (Gostivar)

Osogovo monastery, Macedonia, 1851
Osogovo monastery; St Joachim of Osogovo, Commemorated August 16 ; Venerable Gabriel, Founder of Lesnov Monastery in Bulgaria, Commemorated January 15 ;

Mount Osogovo, Macedonia
Mount Osogovo;

Osogovo, Macedonia
Osogovo; St Joachim of Osogovo, Commemorated August 16 ; Venerable Gabriel, Founder of Lesnov Monastery in Bulgaria, Commemorated January 15 ;

Axios (Vardar) River 2 (Skopje)

Skopje, Macedonia (top of the K Triangle)
Skopje, Macedonia; St Stephen Urosh, King of Serbia, Commemorated December 2 ; Virginmartyr Anysia at Thessalonica, Commemorated on December 30 ;

Black Mountain of Skopje
Black Mountain of Skopje: Skopska Crna Gora;

Greece, Macedonia, Axios River 2.5, Pshina River Folder

Pshina (Pchinja) River

Kriva River (Psihina)

Kriva River (Psihina 2)

Pshina River Second Source (Kriva River)

Kratov, Macedonia (Pshina River Second Source)
Kratov, Macedonia; Venerable Gabriel, Founder of Lesnov Monastery in Bulgaria, Commemorated January 15 ;

Pshina River Source (along the border)

Radovnica, Serbia
Radovnica, Serbia; The PÃƒÂ„Ã‚ÂÂÂÂinja originates from several streams on the western slopes of the Dukat mountain which meet at the village of Radovnica and continue to the west originally under the name of the TripuÃƒÂ…Ã‚Â¡nica (Cyrillic: ÃƒÂÂÂÂÃ‚Â¢ÃƒÂ‘Ã‚Â€ÃƒÂÂÂÂÃ‚Â¸ÃƒÂÂÂÂÃ‚Â¿ÃƒÂ‘Ã‚ÂƒÃƒÂ‘Ã‚ÂˆÃƒÂÂÂÂÃ‚Â½ÃƒÂÂÂÂÃ‚Â¸ÃƒÂ‘Ã‚Â†ÃƒÂÂÂÂÃ‚Â°).

Pcinja 1

Pcinja 2

Pcinja 3

Pshina River 1 (Bransk Wilderness, Vranski Desert, Prochorus' Monastery)

Prochorus' Monastery of Venerable Prohor of Pshina, 950
Monastery of Venerable Prohor of Pshina; St. Prochorus the Abbot in the Vranski Desert on the River Pshina in Bulgaria, Commemorated on January 15;

Vranski Desert, Bransk wilderness (Pshina River 1) Macedonia, Greece
Vranski Desert, Bransk wilderness (Pshina River 1) St. Prochorus the Abbot in the Vranski Desert on the River Pshina in Bulgaria, Commemorated on January 15;

Pshina (Pchinja) River Mouth (Axios (Vardar) River 2.5 between Skopje and Veles

church of Ovche Polje (Sheep Pasture), Macedonia (near Pshina River, Axios River 2.5)
church of Ovche Polje (Sheep Pasture), Macedonia (near Pshina River, Axios River 2.5); Repose of Saint Stephen of DeÃƒÂ„Ã‚ÂÂÂÂani, Serbia, Commemorated on November 11;

Pshina River 2 (Staro Nagoricane)

Church of St George, Staro Nagoricane (Pshina River 2)
Church of St. George, Staro Nagoricane; Saint Savva III of Serbia, Commemorated on July 26;

Axios (Vardar) River 3 (Veles, Macedonia)

Bogomila, Macedonia (near Axos River 3)
Bogomila, Macedonia; St Stephen Miliutin of Serbia, Commemorated October 30 ; Venerable Dragutin (Theoctistus in Monasticism) of Serbia, Commemorated on October 30 ;

Greece, Macedonia, Axios River 3.5, Bregalnica River Folder

Bregalnica River

Bregalnica River 2 from Mt Osogovo

Bregalnica River Source (Berovo Spring)

Bregalnica River 3 from Lesnov

Bregalnica River 3 from Lesnov Source

Lesnov, Probishtip Province, Macedonia (Bregainica River 3)
Lesnov, Probishtip Province, Macedonia; Venerable Gabriel, Founder of Lesnov Monastery in Bulgaria, Commemorated January 15 ;

Lesnov Monastery, Macedonia, or Bulgaria, 1067
Lesnov Monastery ; Venerable Gabriel, Founder of Lesnov Monastery in Bulgaria, Commemorated January 15 ;

Bregalnica River 1 (Makedonska Kamenica)

Bregalnica River 2 (Kocani)

Bregalnica River 3 (Vinica)

Bregalnica River 4 (Stip)

Bregalnica River Mouth (Axios River 3.5)

Axios (Vardar) River 4 (Gevgelija, Greece)

Pella, Macedonia (Axios River 4)
Pella; Icon of the Mother of God "œCzestochowa"Â, Commemorated on March 6;

Axios (Vardar) River Mouth (Thessalonica)

Thessalonica, Macedonia (Axios River Mouth, K Triangle of Roman Roads)
Thessalonica; Martyr Acacius of Apamea, Commemorated on July 28; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Apostle Silvanus of the Seventy, Commemorated on July 30 ; Venerable Theodora and her daughter Theopiste, Commemorated on August 3; St Niphon the Patriarch of Constantinople of Mt Athos, Commemorated on August 11; Martyr Lupus the Slave of St Demetrius of Thessalonica, Commemorated on August 23 ; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; SILAS; The Holy Transfiguration of our Lord God and Savior Jesus Christ (the Second "Feast of the Savior" in August); Martyr Lupus the Slave of St Demetrius of Thessalonica, Commemorated on August 23; St Anastasius of the Strumitza Eparchy, Commemorated on August 29; Monkmartyr Joseph of Dionysiou on Mt Athos, Commemorated on September 14 ; Martyr Florentius of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 13; St Anastasius of the Strumitza Eparchy; Venerable Philotheus the Patriarch of Constantinople; Martyr Florentius of Thessalonica; Venerable Euthymius the New of Thessalonica, and Monk of Mt Athos, Commemorated on October 15 ; Memorial Saturday of St Demetrius; St Athanasius the Patriarch of Constantinople; Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrhgusher of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 26; Martyr Lupus, Commemorated on October 26 ; Martyr Nestor of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 27 ; Venerable Athanasius the Younger the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated October 28; Martyr Anastasia of Thessalonica, Commemorated on October 30 ; Martyr Alexander of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 9 ; Venerable Theodore the Confessor the Abbot of the Studion, Commemorated November 11 ; St Gregory Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 14 ; Venerable Hilarion the Monk and Wonderworker of Thessalonica, Georgian, Commemorated on November 19 ; Venerable Gregory Decapolite, Commemorated November 20 ; St Ambrose the Bishop of Milan, Commemorated December 7 ; Hieromartyr Ignatius the God-Bearer the Bishop of Antioch, Commemorated December 20 ; Virginmartyr Anysia at Thessalonica, Commemorated on December 30 ; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Silvanus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Venerable Macarius of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on January 6 ; St Sava I, First Archbishop of Serbia, Commemorated January 12 ; Icon of the Mother of God "œStabbed"Â, Commemorated on January 21 ; SILAS, MISSIONARY COMPANION OF PAUL, Commemorated January 26 ; TIMOTHY AND TITUS; St Joseph the Bishop of Thessalonica, and brother of St Theodore of Studion, Commemorated January 26 ; The Meeting of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ in the Temple, Commemorated on February 2 ; Hieromartyr Charalampus the Bishop of Magnesia in Thessaly, Commemorated on February 10 ; CYRIL AND METHODIUS, MISSIONARIES TO THE SLAVS (14 FEB 869) ; Repose of St Cyril, Equal of the Apostles and Teacher of the Slavs, Commemorated on February 14; St Hilarion the Georgian, the New, Commemorated February 14 ; St Porphyrius the Bishop of Gaza, Commemorated on February 26; St Gregory Dialogus, the Pope of Rome, Commemorated on March 12; Martyr Alexander of Macedonia, Commemorated on March 13 ; Martyr Matrona of Thessalonica, Commemorated on March 27; Hieromartyr Mark the Bishop of Arethusa, who suffered under Julian the Apostate, Commemorated on March 29 ; Venerable Joseph the Hymnographer, Commemorated on April 4; Venerable Theonas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 4; Martyr Agathopodes the Deacon, and those with him, at Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 5; Venerable Theodora of Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 5; St Plato the Confessor of Studion, Commemorated on April 5; St Methodius, Equal of the Apostles and Archbishop of Moravia, Enlightener of the Slavs, Commemorated on April 6; Equal of the Apostles and Teacher of the Slavs, Methodius, Commemorated on May 11; New Martyr Raphael of Lesbos, Commemorated on April 9; Virginmartyr Agape in Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 16; Venerable John the Disciple of the Venerable Gregory of Decapolis, Commemorated on April 18; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1; New Martyr Ignatius the Martyr of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 1; St Athanasius of Lubensk the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 2; Greatmartyr Irene of Thessalonica, Commemorated on May 5; Martyr Barbarus in Thessaly, who was a robber, Commemorated on May 6; Equal of the Apostles and Teacher of the Slavs, Cyril, Commemorated on May 11; Martyr Heliconis of Thessalonica, Commemorated on May 28; Venerable Nicholas Cabasilas, Commemorated on June 20; Monkmartyr David of Thessalonica, Commemorated on June 26; St David of Thessaloniki, Commemorated on June 26 ; New Martyr David of Saint Anne's Skete, Commemorated on June 26;

Zagliberi, Thessalonica
Zagliberi, Thessalonica; New Martyr Aquilina, Commemorated on September 27;

Akapniou Monastery, Acropolis of Thessaloniki
Akapniou Monastery, Acropolis of Thessaloniki; Saint Athanasius of Meteora, Commemorated on April 20;

Meglen (Meglena, Almopia), Macedonia or Bulgaria (Axios River Mouth)
Meglena (Meglen), Macedonia or Bulgaria; New Martyr Chryse (Zlata) of Meglena, Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 13; Translation of the relics of St Hilarion the Bishop of Meglin in Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 21;

Latomos Monastery, Thessalonica, Macedonia, 490
Latomos Monastery; Venerable Joseph the Hymnographer, Commemorated on April 4;

Edessa, Macedonia, Greece
Edessa, Macedonia, Greece; Martyr Bassa of Edessa, and her sons, Commemorated on August 21; Virgin Martyrs Neollina, Domnina, and Parthena, Commemorated on January 12;

Meglena (Meglen, Almopia), Macedonia or Bulgaria (Axios River Mouth)
Meglena (Meglen), Macedonia or Bulgaria; New Martyr Chryse (Zlata) of Meglena, Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 13; Translation of the relics of St Hilarion the Bishop of Meglin in Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 21;

Meglen (Meglena, Almopia), Bulgaria or Macedonia (Axios River Mouth)
Meglena (Meglen), Macedonia or Bulgaria; New Martyr Chryse (Zlata) of Meglena, Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 13; Translation of the relics of St Hilarion the Bishop of Meglin in Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 21;

Naousa, Imathia (Axios River Mouth)
Naousa, Imathia; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on August 19 ;

Skete monastery of St John the Forerunner, Verroia (Boroea) Greece, 16th Century
Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ;

Verroia, Macedonia (Beroea, west of Axios River Mouth, K Triangle, Via Egnatia Roman Road)
Verroia; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated August 24; Apostle Carpus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Venerable Dionysius of Olympus, Commemorated January 24 ; Apostle Carpus of the Seventy, Commemorated on May 26;

Beroea, Thrace, Macedonia (Veria, Greece, Roman Road Via Egnatia, Axios River Mouth area)
Beroea (Veria, Greece) ; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ; St Liberius the Pope of Rome, Commemorated on August 27 ; Venerable Dionysius of Olympus, Commemorated January 24 ; SILAS, MISSIONARY COMPANION OF PAUL, Commemorated January 26 ; Apostle Carpus of the Seventy, Commemorated on May 26 ;

Apollonia (Mygdonia, Axos River Mouth)
Apollonia (Mygdonia); Martyr Acacius of Apamea, Commemorated on July 28; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Hieromartyr Mark the Bishop of Arethusa, who suffered under Julian the Apostate, Commemorated on March 29 ; Martyr Felix of Apollonia in Macedonia, Commemorated July 6 ;

Mygdonia, Thessaloniki
Mygdonia, Thessaloniki ; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Hieromartyr Mark the Bishop of Arethusa, who suffered under Julian the Apostate, Commemorated on March 29 ;

Apollonia, Thessaloniki, Macedonia (Roman Road Via Egnatia)
Apollonia, Thessaloniki; Apostle Mark of the Seventy; Martyr Felix of Apollonia in Macedonia, Commemorated July 6 ; Martyr Acacius of Apamea, Commemorated July 28 ; Holy Martyr Acacius was brought to trial for his belief in Christ. Three governors attempted to compel the holy martyr to offer sacrifice to idols, having subjected him to fierce tortures. Governor Licinius gave orders to rend the body of Saint Acacius with instruments of torture. He then sent him to Governor Terence, who gave orders to throw Acacius into a cauldron filled with boiling tar and tallow, but the martyr remained unharmed. Terence went to the cities of Apamea and Apollonia and gave orders to bring the martyr after him. In one of these cities Saint Acacius was led into a pagan temple, but by his prayer all the idols there fell down. beat the saint viciously and gave him over to be eaten by wild beasts. When they saw that he remained unharmed, they threw him into a red-hot furnace. The martyr also remained unharmed there. The governor, wanting to check whether the furnace was sufficiently hot, went near it and was burned himself. They then took the holy Martyr Acacius for torture to a certain Posidonius, who put heavy fetters on the holy martyr and gave orders to take him to the city of Miletus. There also the saint, by his prayer, destroyed idols. Finally, the exhausted torturers beheaded Saint Acacius. A priest by the name of Leontius buried his body in the city of Synados (Asia Minor). Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Mark of the Seventy, called John, Commemorated on January 4; Martyr Felix of Apollonia in Macedonia, Commemorated July 6 ; Martyr Acacius of Apamea, Commemorated on July 28; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated on July 30;

Arethusa (Mygdonia, Axios River Mouth)
Arethusa (Mygdonia); Hieromartyr Mark the Bishop of Arethusa, who suffered under Julian the Apostate, Commemorated on March 29 ;

Monastery of Saint Anastasia, Vasilika 57006, near Thessalonica
Monastery of Saint Anastasia, Vasilika 57006, near Thessalonica; Monk Martyrs James, Jacob the Deacon, and Dionysius, of Prodromou, Commemorated on November 1; Venerable Theonas the Archbishop of Thessalonica, Commemorated on April 4; Saint Theonas was a disciple of Saint James of Kastoria (November 1), and lived at the beginning of the sixteenth century. He lived for some time in the Pantocrator and Simonopetra Monasteries on Mt. Athos. He founded the Monastery of Saint Anastasia, and was consecrated as Archbishop of Thessalonica. He died in peace.

Sourota, Macedonia (Axios River Mouth) St Anne, mother of Theotokos
Sourota, Macedonia (Axios River Mouth); Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25 ; Anna was the daughter of the priest Matthan and his wife Mary. She was of the tribe of Levi and the lineage of Aaron. According to Tradition, she died peacefully in Jerusalem at age 79, before the Annunciation to the Most Holy Theotokos. the reign of Saint Justinian the Emperor (527-565), a church was built in her honor at Deutera. Emperor Justinian II (685-695; 705-711) restored her church, since Saint Anna had appeared to his pregnant wife. It was at this time that her body and maphorion (veil) were transferred to Constantinople. of Saint Anna’s holy relics may be found on Mount Athos: Stavronikita Monastery (part of her left hand), Saint Anna’s Skete (part of her incorrupt left foot), Koutloumousiou Monastery (part of her incorrupt right foot). Fragments of her relics may also be found in her Monastery at Lygaria, Lamia, and in the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian at Sourota. Part of the saint’s incorrupt flesh is in the collection of Saints’ relics of the International Catholic Crusaders. The church of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome has one of the saint’s wrists. Anna is also commemorated on September 9.

Convent at Sourote, Thessaloniki
Convent at Sourote, Thessaloniki; Venerable Paϊsios of the Holy Mountain, Commemorated on July 12;

Galatista (Small Town near Thessalonica) Relics
Galatista (Small Town near Thessalonica) Relics; Monk Martyrs James, Jacob the Deacon, and Dionysius, of Prodromou, Commemorated on November 1

Greece, Macedonia, Strymon River Folder (Philippi, Roman Road, Agean Sea)

Strymon River

Strymon (Struma) River Source (Vitosha Mt., Bulgaria)

Mount Vitosha (overlooking Sophia, Bulgaria)
Mount Vitosha;

Strymon (Struma) River 1 (Pernik, Bulgaria)

Strymon River 2 (Zemen)

Strymon River 3

Dragovistica River Mouth (Strymon River 3)

Dragovistica River

Dolno River

Strymon River 4

Strymon River 5

Strymon River 6 (Rila, Bulgaria)

Greece, Macedonia, Strymon River 6, Rila River Folder

Rila River

Rila River Source

Rila Monastery, Macedonia (Rila River Source) 927
Rila Monastery ; Repose of the Venerable John the Abbot of Rila, Commemorated August 18 ; Icon of the Mother of God of the Seven Lakes, Commemorated on October 13 ; New Martyr Ignatius the Monk of Bulgaria, Commemorated October 8 ; Translation of the relics of Venerable St John the Abbot of Rila in Bulgaria, Commemorated on October 19 ; Blessed Peter the King of Bulgaria, Commemorated January 30 ; New Martyr Ignatius the Martyr of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 1; Venerable Paisius of Hilandar, Bulgaria, Commemorated on June 19; Translation of the relics of the Venerable John of Rila from Trnovo to Rila, Commemorated on July 1;

Rila River Mouith (Strymon River 6)

Strymon River 8 (Kresna Gorge)

Heraclea, Macedonia (Strumitza Mouth, Strymon River 9)
Heraclea Sintica; Hieromartyr Philip the Bishop of Heraclea, Commemorated on August 20; St Anastasius of the Strumitza Eparchy, Commemorated on August 29; 40 Women Martyrs at Heraclea, in Thrace, Commemorated September 1 ; St Sebastiana the Martyr and Disciple of St Paul the Apostle at Heraclea, Commemorated September 16 ; Venerable Philotheus the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated on October 8 ; Martyr Pausilippus of Heraclea in Thrace, Commemorated on April 8 ;

Strymon River 9 (Heraclea, Thrace)

Greece, Macedonia, Strymon River 9, Strumitza River Folder

Strumitza River

Strumitza River Source

Strumitza River 1 (Strumica)

Strumica, Macedonia (Strumitza River 1)
Strumica; St Anastasius of the Strumitza Eparchy, Commemorated on August 29;

Strumitza River Mouth (Heraclea, Struma River 9)

Dremvitsa, Macedonia
Dremvitsa, Macedonia St Clement the Bishop of Ochrid and Enlightener of the Bulgarians, Commemorated November 25 ;

Strymon River 10 (Lake Kerkini)

Serres, Macedonia (fertile plain, Strymon River 10)
Serres; New Martyr Nicetas of Pojani and Serres, Commemorated on April 4; New Martyr Acacius the Martyr of Mt Athos and Seres, Commemorated on May 1;

Strymon River 11 (Serres)

Angitis River Mouth (Strymon River 11)

Strymon River 12 (Amphipolis)

Amphipolis, Macedonia (Strymon (Struma) River 12) Roman Road Via Egnatia
Amphipolis; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Apostle Silvanus of the Seventy, Commemorated on July 30; Martyr Auctus at Amphipolis in Macedonia, Commemorated on November 7 ; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Hieromartyr Mocius the Presbyter of Amphipolis in Macedonia, Commemorated on May 11;

Strymon (Struma) River Mouth (Strymonian Gulf, Agean Sea)

Chrysopolis, Macedonia (Eion, Roman Road, Strymon River Mouth)
Chrysopolis, Macedonia (Eion) ; Venerable Philotheus of Dionysiou of Mount Athos, Commemorated on October 21;

Philippi, Eastern Macedonia, Trajanopolis in Thrace (Roman Road, near Strymon River Mouth)
Philippi; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Hieromartyr Ignatius the God-Bearer the Bishop of Antioch, Commemorated December 20 ; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; SILAS, MISSIONARY COMPANION OF PAUL, Commemorated January 26 ; LYDIA, DORCAS AND PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, 27 JAN. NT ; POLYCARP; Hieromartyr Polycarp the Bishop of Smyrna, Commemorated February 23 ; St Eustathius the Archbishop of Antioch, Commemorated February 21 ; Apostle Epaphroditus of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; St. Lydia of Philippi, Commemorated on May 20;

Neapolis, Thessalonica (between Strymon and Nestos Rivers)
Neapolis, Thessalonica; Hieromartyr Ignatius the God-Bearer the Bishop of Antioch, Commemorated December 20 ;

Stagira (ancient city), Chalkidice, Macedonia (Aristotle's home)
Stagira (ancient city), Chalkidice, Macedonia; Greece, 364 BC - 322 BC, Greek Philosopher and Scientist Aristotle; THOMAS AQUINAS, PRIEST, FRIAR, AND THEOLOGIAN (28 JAN 1274);

Greece, Macedonia, Roman Roads Folder

Greece, Macedonia, Roman Roads, K Triangle area of Macedonia Folder, Kutmichivitsa, Albania, Via Egnatia

Kutmichevitsa, Southwest Macedonia or Albania (K Triangle Area)
Kutmichevitsa, (K Triangle Area), the northwestern part of the region of Macedonia and the southern part of Albania, broadly taken to be the area included in the triangle ; Equal of the Apostles Clement of Ochrid the Bishop of Greater Macedonia, Commemorated on July 27 ;

Prilep, Macedonia, Greece, High Point, Acquired by King Steven Dusan 1334, Serbian till 1395
Prilep, Macedonia, Greece; is the fourth-largest city in North Macedonia.[2] It has a population of 66,246 and is known as "the city under Marko's Towers" because of its proximity to the towers of Prince Marko. View of Prilep and the surrounding mountains name of Prilep appeared first as Πρίλαπος. The old fortress was attached to the rocky hilltop, and its name means “stuck” on the rocks in Old Church Slavonic. It was mentioned by John Skylitzes in relation with Samuel of Bulgaria, who died here in 1014.[3] In other languages is: Bulgarian: Прилеп, Prilep Aromanian: Pãrleap[4] Serbo-Croatian: Prilep / Прилеп Turkish: Pirlepe, or Perlepe Albanian: Përlep or Përlepi, or Prilep or Prilepi Greek: Prilapos, Πρίλαπος Latin: Prilapum is a centre for high-quality tobacco and cigarettes and the metal processing, electronics, timber, textiles, and food industries. The city also produces a large quantity of Macedonian Bianco Sivec (pure white marble). is one of Prilep's traditional cash crops and prospers in the Macedonian climate. Many of the world's largest cigarette makers, such as Marlboro, West and Camel use Prilep's tobacco in their cigarettes after it is processed in local factories such as Tutunski kombinat Prilep. A Tobacco Institute is established in the city in order to produce new types of tobacco and it was the first example of applying genetics to agriculture in the Balkans.[citation needed]. A Gentherm production plant is located in Prilep. overwhelming majority of the city population is Macedonian; the Macedonian population at the last census counted 64,527. There is also a Romani minority, counting some 4,420 inhabitants,most of them living in the neighbourhood of Trizla , also Serbs (310) and Turks (260). Kingdom of Prilep - Realm of Prince Marko A postcard of Prilep in 1915 Photo of a panoramic view of Prilep in 1930 antiquity, the region of Prilep was part of Ancient Pelagonia that was inhabited by the Pelagones, an ancient Greek tribe of Upper Macedonia, who according to Strabo,[5] were Epirote Molossians.[6] region was annexed to the Macedonian kingdom during the 4th century BC. In September 2007 archeological excavations in Bonče, revealed a tomb of what is believed to be the burial site of a Macedonian ruler dating 4th century BC.[7] Near Prilep, close to the village of Čepigovo, are the ruins of the ancient Macedonian city of Styberra (Ancient Greek: Στύβερρα), first a town in Macedonia and later incorporated into the Roman Empire.[8][9] Styberra, though razed by the Goths in 268, remained partly inhabited. town was first mentioned in Greek as Πρίλαπον (Prilapon)[10] in 1014, as the place where Bulgarian Tsar Samuil allegedly had a heart attack upon seeing thousands of his soldiers had been blinded by the Byzantines after the Battle of Kleidion. Byzantium lost it to the Second Bulgarian Empire, but later retook it. was acquired in 1334 by Serbian King Dušan and after 1365 the town belonged to King Vukašin, co-ruler of Dušan's son, Tzar Stefan Uroš V. After the death of Vukašin in 1371, Prilep was ruled by his son Marko.[11] In 1395 it was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire, of which it remained a part of until 1913, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Serbia. was a major center of the Bulgarian national revival in Western Macedonia in the 19th century.[12] One of the largest annual fairs in Macedonia was held in Prilep in the middle of the 19th century. European consulate exhibitions of 1887 estimate the population of Prilep to approximately 6.500 individuals, of which 4.000 were Bulgarians, 2.000 were Turks and the rest were Serbs with Greeks and Aromanians.[13] During the Great Eastern Crisis, the local Bulgarian movement of the day was defeated when armed Bulgarian groups were repelled by the League of Prizren, an Albanian organisation opposing Bulgarian geopolitical aims in areas like Prilep that contained an Albanian population.[14] the late 19th and early 20th century, Prilep was part of the Manastir Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire. It was occupied by Bulgaria between 17 November 1915 and 25 September 1918 during World War I. In 1918 Prilep became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and from 1929 to 1941 it was part of the Vardar Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. On 8 April 1941, just two days after the start of the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia, Prilep was occupied by the German Army, and on 26 April 1941 by the Bulgarian Army. Together with most of Vardar Macedonia, Prilep was annexed by the Kingdom of Bulgaria from 1941 to 1944. After 9 September coup d'etat the commander of the Bulgarian garrison, refused to withdraw and remained in the city with the Yugoslav guerrillas, managing to hold it for 10 days, blocking the movement of the German troops.[15] Afterwards the German Army retook the town. Prilep was definitively taken by communist partisans on 3 November 1944. From 1944 to 1991 the town belonged to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, as part of its constituent Socialist Republic of Macedonia. Since 1991 the town has been part of the Republic of Macedonia. Saint Νikόdēmos the Sanctified of Tismana, Romania, Commemorated on December 26;

Ochrid, Greater Macedonia and Albania (Roman Roads, largest city on Lake Ochrid)
Ochrid (largest city on Lake Ochrid); Equal of the Apostles Clement of Ochrid the Bishop of Greater Macedonia, Commemorated July 27 ; Slavs; St Clement the Bishop of Ochrid and Enlightener of the Bulgarians, Commemorated on November 25 ; St Nahum of Ochrid, the Disciple of St Cyril and Methodius, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated December 23 ; Venerable Gregory of Ochrid; Venerable Maximus Kavsokalyvites of Mt Athos; Repose of St Nicholas of Zhicha, Commemorated on March 18; St Boris (in Holy Baptism Michael), Equal of the Apostles, Prince and Baptizer of Bulgaria, Commemorated on May 2; St Nahum of Ochrid, the Disciple of St Cyril and Methodius, Equals of the Apostles, Commemorated on June 20;

Via Egnatia Folder (Main East West Roman Road)

Via Egnatia (The East West Roman Road)
Key towns along the Via Egnatia East West Roman Road Listed from west to east: Ancient name Modern name Modern country Dyrrachium, later Epidamnos DurrÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â«s Albania Claudiana Peqin Albania Apollonia By the village of Pojani (7 km W of Fier) Albania Masio Scampa Elbasan Albania Lychnida Ohrid North Macedonia Resen Resen North Macedonia Heraclea Bitola North Macedonia Florina Florina Greece Edessa Edessa Greece Pella Pella Greece Thessalonike Thessaloniki Greece Pydna Possibly Kitros, 6 km SW of modern Pydna Greece Amphipolis Amfipoli Greece Philippi 14 km NW of Kavala Greece Neapolis Kavala Greece Traianoupolis Traianoupoli Greece Kypsela ÃƒÂ„Ã‚Â°psala Turkey Aenus Enez Turkey Aproi (Apros, Apris, AprÃƒÂ„Ã‚Â«) Village of Kermeyan Turkey Adrianople Edirne (not on the main Via Egnatia) Turkey Perinthus, later Heraclea Village of MarmaraereÃƒÂ„Ã‚ÂŸlisi Turkey Caenophrurium Sinekli in Silivri district Turkey Selymbria Silivri Turkey Melantias Turkey Rhegion KÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â¼ÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â§ÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â¼kÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â§ekmece, 15 km W of Istanbul Turkey Byzantium, later Constantinople Istanbul Turkey

Via Egnatia - Dyrrachium
Via Egnatia - Dyrrachium;

Via Egnatia - Claudiana
Via Egnatia - Claudiana ;

Via Egnatia - Bottom of the K Triangle Claudiana to Thessalonica

Via Egnatia - Thessalonica
Via Egnatia - Thessalonica;

Via Egnatia - Pydna
Via Egnatia - Pydna;

Via Egnatia - Pydna to Thessalonica

Via Egnatia - Amphipolis
Via Egnatia - Amphipolis;

Via Egnatia - Philippi
Via Egnatia - Philippi;

Via Egnatia - Neapolis
Via Egnatia - Neapolis;

Via Egnatia - Traianoupolis
Via Egnatia - Traianoupolis;

Via Egnatia - Kypsela
Via Egnatia - Kypsela ;

Via Egnatia - Kypsela to Perinthus

Via Egnatia - Aenus or Enos
Via Egnatia - Aenus or Enos;

Via Egnatia - Enos to Kypsela

Via Egnatia - Apros
Via Egnatia - Apros;

Via Egnatia - Adrianople
Via Egnatia - Adrianople ;

Via Egnatia - Drizipara
Drizipara, Bulgaria (on Via Egnatia, Martyr Alexander of Rome); Martyr Alexander of Rome, Commemorated on May 13;

Drizipara, Bulgaria (on Via Egnatia, Martyr Alexander of Rome)
Drizipara, Bulgaria (on Via Egnatia, Martyr Alexander of Rome); Martyr Alexander of Rome, Commemorated on May 13;

Via Egnatia - Perinthus or Heraclea Thracia
Via Egnatia - Perinthus or Heraclea;

Via Egnatia - Caenophrurium
Via Egnatia - Caenophrurium;

Via Egnatia - Selymbria
Via Egnatia - Selymbria ;

Via Egnatia - Melantias
Via Egnatia - Melantias;

Via Egnatia - Rhegion
Via Egnatia - Rhegion;

Via Egnatia - Byzantium
Via Egnatia - Byzantium;

Bitolya, Center of K Triangle, Macedonia (Pelagonia Valley) Capital of First Bulgarian Empire
Bitolya ; Venerable Nectarius of Bitolya and Mt Athos, Commemorated December 5 ; St Nectarius of Bitel, Commemorated on December 15 ;

Heraclea Lyncestis, Macedonia (center of K Triangle)
Heraclea Lyncestis;

Galatea Region of West Macedonia
Galatea Region; Translation of the relics of St Theodore the Sykeote, Commemorated on June 15;

Kastoria, K Triangle, Macedonia
Kastoria, Macedonia; Venerable Theodosius the Metropolitan of Trebizond, Commemorated on January 11 ;

Korisos, Kastoria
Korisos, Kastoria; Saint Dionysios, the builder of Prodromou Monastery, Mount Athos, Commemorated on June 25;

Kastorian Hills, K Triangle, Macedonia, Greece
Kastoria, Macedonia; Venerable Theodosius the Metropolitan of Trebizond, Commemorated on January 11 ;

Koritsa (Kastorian hills, right on Via Egnatia of K Triangle)
Koritsa (Kastorian hills) ; Venerable Theodosius the Metropolitan of Trebizond, Commemorated on January 11 ;

Pidna, Macedonia
Pidna; St Gregory Dialogus, the Pope of Rome, Commemorated on March 12; Martyr Alexander of Macedonia, Commemorated on March 13 ;

Mount Peristeros, Macedonia
Mount Peristeros; Venerable Euthymius the New of Thessalonica, and Monk of Mt Athos, Commemorated on October 15;

Prespa Lakes Region, Macedonia, Greece and Albania
Prespa Lakes (Lake Ohrid and Lake Prespa); St Achilles the Bishop of Larissa, Commemorated on May 15;

Greece, K Triangle Folder

Kutmichevitsa Triangle - K Triangle
Kutmichevitsa triangle Saloniki-Skopje-Vlora; St Clement the Bishop of Ochrid and Enlightener of the Bulgarians, Commemorated on November 25;

K Triangle Saloniki-Skopje-Vlora
Kutmichevitsa triangle Saloniki-Skopje-Vlora; St Clement the Bishop of Ochrid and Enlightener of the Bulgarians, Commemorated on November 25;

K Triangle Skopje-Salonik-Vlora
Kutmichevitsa triangle Saloniki-Skopje-Vlora; St Clement the Bishop of Ochrid and Enlightener of the Bulgarians, Commemorated on November 25;

K Triangle Vlora-Saloniki-Skopje

Greece, Thessaly Folder, and its rivers

Thessaly Region of Greece
Thessaly Region; Venerable John the Georgian, of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Venerable Onesimus of Magnesia, Commemorated on July 14 ; Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25 ; Hieromartyr Nicodemus of Meteora, Commemorated August 16 ; New Martyr Stamatius of Volos, Commemorated on August 16 ; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated on August 16 ; St Fantinus of Calabria, Commemorated on August 30; Venerable Hierotheus the Younger of Iveron of Mt Athos, Commemorated September 13 ; St Bessarion, Archbishop of Larissa, Commemorated Septemer 15 ; St Gerasimus, Commemorated September 15 ; Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Commemorated September 21; Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Venerable Romanus the Martyr, Commemorated January 5 ; Martyr Neophytus of Nicea, Commemorated January 21; Venerable Dionysius of Olympus, Commemorated January 24 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ; Hieromartyr Charalampus the Bishop of Magnesia in Thessaly, Commemorated on February 10 ; Martyr Porphyrius in Thessaly, Commemorated February 10; Martyr Baptus in Thessaly, Commemorated February 10; Repose of St Cyril, Equal of the Apostles and Teacher of the Slavs, Commemorated on February14 ; Monkmartyr Damian of Philotheou, Commemorated February 23 ; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; Martyr Barbarus in Thessaly, who was a robber, Commemorated on May 6; Martyr Christopher of Lycia, Commemorated on May 9; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13; St Achilles the Bishop of Larissa, Commemorated on May 15 ;

Greece, Thessaly, 829-842, Luke's Prousos Icon, Iconoclasts, MOG saved it, chanting light fCave, moved but MOG returned it
Greece, Thessaly, 829-842, Prousos Icon, Prousos Monastery, Proussos 361 00 Karpenisi, Evrytania, Thessaly, cave carved out monastery temple, Luke's Icon, young nobleman from Prousa, Bithynia, Iconoclast Theophilos time, ordered icons destroyed, he disregarded order, took icon tGreece, lost it aGallipoli, MOG put icon in Eurytania cave, where shepherd found it, he settled iNew Patra, heard oMiraculous Eurytania events, shepherd boy heard chanting from cave, pillar light reaching up tHeaven, Pyrsos fLight iCave, many people came, found icon source of light in cave, young man went there to get his icon, took it but MOG returned it by telling him to and for him to stay, he built chapel in cave, Hodegetria type, gilded cover from 1821 General who stayed there, monastery devastated many times bTurks but not the cave temple, Germans tried to burn it, but officer punished by MOG (Panagia), 1948 Greek civil war icon moved to acropolis of Naupaktos, 9th Division soldiers see MOG in Cave Temple, she identified when they saw the Icon, ; Prousos Monastery, Proussos 361 00 Karpenisi; Prousos Monastery, Proussos 361 00 Karpenisi; Prousiotissa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on August 23; upon the fir-covered mountain peaks of southwestern Eurytania, wedged between vertical grayish rocks in savage majesty, is the Holy Monastery of Proussos. is an historic stauropegial monastery, with magnificent three-storey building among them a cave has been carved out, inside of which is the first ancient temple of the monastery. it is kept the wonderworking Icon of the Panagia (the All-Holy Virgin), called Prousiotissa, and her Feast Day is celebrated with grandeur and solemnity on August 23. to Tradition, this wonderworking Icon of the Theotokos is believed to have been painted by the Holy Evangelist Luke (October 18), came from Prousa in Asia Minor (according to manuscript 3 of the codex of the Holy Monastery of Prousiotissa). was taken from Prousa by a young nobleman in the reign of the last iconoclastic Emperor Theophilos (October 2, 829 – January 20, 842). ordered all the icons to be removed from the churches and destroyed. Orthodox people protected and hid the holy icons, even though the penalty for this "crime" was exile or death. the Emperor's decree was read in the city of Proussa, the son of a member of the imperial court chose to disregard it. the the Holy Icon, he sought refuge on the Greek mainland, because the persecution was not quite as severe there, on the islands, or on the coast of Asia Minor. the way to Greece, however, the young man lost the Icon at Gallipoli in Thrace, which caused him great sorrow. “Woe is me, the wretched one," he cried. “The Mother of God has abandoned me because of my sins." Icon had returned miraculously to a cave in a wild part of Eurytania (in the vicinity of Litza and Agrapha, where the monastery and the Icon's shrine are at present), and where it was revealed to some local shepherds on the night of August 22-23. young man chose not to go back, because he could not bear to live among the iconoclasts. continued on his journey and settled in the city of New Patre, near the northwest end of the Peloponnesos. went by, and then one day he heard rumors about certain miraculous events in the region of Aitola. to these reports, the son of a local shepherd was tending his father's flock in a rugged, inaccessible spot in the mountains. There were no homes or villages, but only a shelter for the shepherds. night, as the child was sleeping, he was awakened by heavenly chanting coming from a cave behind him. much apprehension he turned and saw a fiery pillar of light coming from the cave and reaching up to Heaven. is why the Icon is also called Pyrsos - because of the place where it was hidden. the boy went to inform his father what he had seen. father thought that his son had been dreaming, and told him not to fear things that weren't real. young man insisted, however, that what he had heard and seen was real. next night, the child brought his father to the same place where he had seen the pillar of light, so that he could see this phenomenon for himself. man saw exactly what his son had described, but he did not dare to look in the cave. next day he took other people there, and all of them saw the same vision. searching the area they discovered the Holy Icon in the cave, radiant and luminous. with joy, they venerated the Icon, and decided to keep it there. discovery of her Holy Icon was the first miracle of Panagia Prousiotissa. the young man who had lost the Icon heard about an Icon of the Theotokos which had been revealed by a pillar of light. and his servants left at once, and after two days they arrived at the cave where the Icon was kept. moment he saw the Icon he knew it was the same one he had lost. venerating the Icon, he gave gifts to the shepherds and started back to New Patre with it. shepherds’ joy turned to sorrow when they realized they were being deprived of the Icon. They pleaded with the young man to leave the Holy Icon with them. told them that the Icon belonged to him, and that he had given them rich gifts to compensate them for their loss. he said that the mountain was not a good place to build a church or to accommodate pilgrims. Then he took the Icon and left. he and his companion were tired and had to rest, they stopped at a certain place. fell asleep and when they woke up, they couldn't find the Icon. that the shepherds had stolen it while they were sleeping, they retraced their steps. they came to a narrow spot near the river, the young man heard a voice, saying, young man, be saved! Go in peace and do not labor any more. It pleases me to remain here with the shepherds and peasants, but not to be in the cities with people who preach heresy. you wish to remain with me, then come to the place where you found me. This will be for your benefit." the young man was able to hear the voice. obedience to the Mother of God, he freed his servants, gave away all of his possessions, and went back to the cave where he had found the Icon, accompanied by one of his servants, who decided to remain with him. was convinced that it was the will of the Panagia that she should remain there. young man built a chapel in the cave for the Icon. and his servant both received the monastic tonsure from Hieromonk Raphael, who came from the hermitage of Saint Demetrios. was tonsured with the name Demetrios, and his servant received the name Timothy. he built a cell opposite the chapel in a quiet place, where they repented for their sins. Demetrios reposed there in peace, after living a God-pleasing life. His disciple Timothy buried his body in the church he had built, and his blessed soul flew to Heaven. was the beginning of the Monastery of the Most Holy Theotokos of Prousa (or Prousiotissa). Icon of the All-Holy Virgin is of the Hodēgḗtria type has a gilded silver-plated metal cover, the gift of General George Karaiskakis, who was housed in the Monastery during the Revolution of 1821. metal cover was made by the goldsmith George Karanikas in 1824, as is shown by the embossed inscription above the right shoulder of the Mother of God: "The Pantanassa. Through the generosity of General George Karaiskakis, made by the hand of George Karanikas, 1824." Monastery's records show that it had been devastated many times during the Turkish occupation. last act of vandalism (by the Germans in 1944) reduced the buildings into piles of rubble. the buildings fell, an officer wanted to burn down the church. He tried to do so many times, but to no avail. he was standing outside and giving orders, he was punished by the Panagia, as an example to others. invisible force threw him violently onto the pavement. The impact was very powerful, and the German was unable to get up. The soldiers lifted him and placed him upon an animal in order to carry him to Agrinio. the temple remained unharmed, just as it has been preserved intact through the centuries. years passed, and a civil war was raging in the Greek countryside. inhabitants of Eurytania and Naupaktos left their villages, seeking safety in other parts of Greece. brought their wonderworking Icon with them. She also shared the fate of her children, and was carried by the monks of Proussos to the acropolis of Naupaktos. monastery remains completely deserted. a long time, the army's operations began. Ninth Division launched an attack to wipe out Eurytania. sections passed through Proussos. officers and soldiers approached the dark church of the cave and went in to pray. Inside, they beheld a strange sight. In front of the iconostasis, to the left of the Beautiful Gate, was a lit candle and a nun was kneeling there. The soldiers were amazed. How could this nun be living there at a time when Eurytania was completely abandoned by its residents? How did she live, what did she eat, where did she get oil for the lamp? When they asked her, she replied modestly and with pain: "My children, I've been living here alone for two and a half years. For my own life, I don't need food and bread. It is enough for me to have my lamp lit." soldiers grew tired of this business, and were in a hurry to leave, so they paid no attention to her words. But the next day, when they thought about it, they realized that this was a wondrous thing. when they passed through Naupaktos, they begged their commanding officer for permission to visit Metropolitan Christophoros of Naupaktos and Eurytania. The hierarch welcomed them with love, and after hearing their story, he was able to shed some light on the mystery. temple that you visited," he told them, "belongs to the now abandoned Prousiotissa Monastery, whose wonderworking Icon has been kept here for more than two years, in the chapel of our metropolis, at Saint Dionysios. Go there and venerate it, and then you will understand." did go to venerate the Icon. Then suddenly, everyone understood the mystery. the Icon of the Mother of God, they recognized the nun they had met in the chapel of the cave, high above Proussos!

Greece, Thessaly, Pineios River Folder, Mt Olympos, Larissa, Meteora

Pineios River

Pineios River Source (Pindus Mountains)

Pindus Mountains
Pindus Mountains;

Pineios River 1, Meteora

Meteora (Plain of Thessaly, Six Monasteries, like Mt Athos)
Meteora (Like Mt Athos, Six Monasteries, Plain of Thessaly, on the Pineios River); Hieromartyr Nicodemus of Meteora, Commemorated August 16 ; Venerable Dionysius of Olympus, Commemorated January 24 ; Saint Athanasius of Meteora, Commemorated on April 20;

Platylithos (Wide Rock), which Athanasios himself called Meteoron
Platylithos (Wide Rock), which Athanasios himself called Meteoron ; Saint Athanasius of Meteora, Commemorated on April 20;

Monastery of the Holy Trinity, Meteora
Monastery of the Holy Trinity, Meteora; Hieromartyr Nicodemus of Meteora, Commemorated August 16 ;

Great Cave Monastery, Stagoi, Kalabaka, Meteora, Plain of Thessaly
Great Cave Monastery, Stagoi, Kalabaka, Meteora, Plain of Thessaly; Venerable Makarius of Corinth, Commemorated on April 17;

Pineios River 2, Trikala

Trikkala, Thessaly (high point, Fortress, Pineios River 2)
Trikkala; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated on August 16 ; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated on October 20; Saint Ekouménios, Wonderworker of Trikala, Commemorated on May 3; New Martyr Nicholas of Metsovo, Commemorated on May 16;

Karditsa Regional Unit, Thessaly
Karditsa (regional unit); Monkmartyr Damian of Philotheou, Commemorated February 23 ;

Pineios River 3, Larissa

Larissa, Thessaly (near Pineios River Mouth)
Larissa; Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25 ; Anna was the daughter of the priest Matthan and his wife Mary. She was of the tribe of Levi and the lineage of Aaron. According to Tradition, she died peacefully in Jerusalem at age 79, before the Annunciation to the Most Holy Theotokos. the reign of Saint Justinian the Emperor (527-565), a church was built in her honor at Deutera. Emperor Justinian II (685-695; 705-711) restored her church, since Saint Anna had appeared to his pregnant wife. It was at this time that her body and maphorion (veil) were transferred to Constantinople. of Saint Anna’s holy relics may be found on Mount Athos: Stavronikita Monastery (part of her left hand), Saint Anna’s Skete (part of her incorrupt left foot), Koutloumousiou Monastery (part of her incorrupt right foot). Fragments of her relics may also be found in her Monastery at Lygaria, Lamia, and in the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian at Sourota. Part of the saint’s incorrupt flesh is in the collection of Saints’ relics of the International Catholic Crusaders. The church of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome has one of the saint’s wrists. Anna is also commemorated on September 9. St Fantinus of Calabria, Commemorated on August 30; St Bessarion, Archbishop of Larissa, Commemorated Septemer 15 ; Martyr Barbarus in Thessaly, who was a robber, Commemorated on May 6; St Achilles the Bishop of Larissa, Commemorated on May 15;

Lygaria (Larissa), Thessaly (near Pineios River Mouth)
Larissa; Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25; St Fantinus of Calabria, Commemorated on August 30; St Bessarion, Archbishop of Larissa, Commemorated Septemer 15 ; Martyr Barbarus in Thessaly, who was a robber, Commemorated on May 6; St Achilles the Bishop of Larissa, Commemorated on May 15;

Pineios River Mouth (Aegean Sea)

Mt Olympus in Thessaly, Greece (Pineios River Mouth)
Mount Olympus; Venerable John the Georgian, of Mt. Athos, Commemorated on July 12 ; Hieromartyr Cyprian of Nicomedia From age seven until thirty, Cyprian studied at the most outstanding centers of paganism: on Mount Olympus, in the cities of Argos and Tauropolis, in the Egyptian city of Memphis, and at Babylon; Venerable Euthymius the New of Thessalonica, and Monk of Mt Athos, Commemorated on October 15; Righteous Anna of Constantinople, Commemorated October 29 ; Martyr Alexander of Thessalonica, Commemorated on November 9 ; Venerable Gregory Decapolite, Commemorated November 20 ; Venerable Luke the New Stylite of Chalcedon; Martyr Neophytus of Nicea, Commemorated January 21; Venerable Dionysius of Olympus, Commemorated January 24 ; CYRIL AND METHODIUS, MISSIONARIES TO THE SLAVS (14 FEB 869) ; Repose of St Cyril, Equal of the Apostles and Teacher of the Slavs, Commemorated on February14 ; St Plato the Confessor of Studion, Commemorated on April 5; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; St Euthymius of Athos the translator, Commemorated on May 13;

Agios Dionysios Monastery, Olympus, 1542
Agios Dionysios Monastery, Olympus; Venerable Dionysius of Olympus, Commemorated on January 24;

Kanalon Monastery, Olympus, 1055
Kanalon Monastery;

Agia Triada Monastery, Sparmos, Olympus, at least 1386
Agia Triada Monastery, Sparmos;

Greece, Thessaly, Pagasetic Gulf Folder, Magnesia Penninsula

Pagasetic Gulf
Pagasetic Gulf;

Mt Pelion Penninsula
Mt Pelion Penninsula;

Mt Pelion, Thessaly
Mt Pelion; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19;

Cynoscephalae, Thessaly
Cynoscephalae; Martyr Christopher of Lycia, Commemorated on May 9;

Magnesia (eastern peninsula of Thessaly)
Magnesia (eastern peninsula of Thessaly); Venerable Onesimus of Magnesia, Commemorated on July 14 ; Martyr Justus at Rome, Commemorated on July 14 ; New Martyr Triandaphyllus of Stara Zagora, Commemorated on August 8 ; Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Commemorated September 21 ; Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Hieromartyr Charalampus the Bishop of Magnesia in Thessaly, Commemorated on February 10;

Magnesia, Thessaly (Pagasetic Gulf of Agean Sea)
Magnesia (Pagasetic Gulf of Agean Sea); Venerable Onesimus of Magnesia, Commemorated on July 14 ; Martyr Justus at Rome, Commemorated on July 14 ; New Martyr Triandaphyllus of Stara Zagora, Commemorated on August 8 ; Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Hieromartyr Charalampus the Bishop of Magnesia in Thessaly, Commemorated on February 10; Venerable Onesimus of Magnesia; IGNATIUS OF ANTIOCH;

Magnis, city of Magnesia, Thessaly (Pagasetic Gulf of Agean Sea)
Magnesia (Pagasetic Gulf of Agean Sea); Venerable Onesimus of Magnesia, Commemorated on July 14 ; Martyr Justus at Rome, Commemorated on July 14 ; New Martyr Triandaphyllus of Stara Zagora, Commemorated on August 8 ; Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Hieromartyr Charalampus the Bishop of Magnesia in Thessaly, Commemorated on February 10; Venerable Onesimus of Magnesia; IGNATIUS OF ANTIOCH;

Volos, Thessaly
Volos, Thessaly; New Martyr Stamatius of Volos, Commemorated August 16 ; New Martyr Stamatius was a native of the city of Volos, Thessaly. They accused him of accepting Islam, but he bravely confessed himself a Christian and was beheaded by the sword at Constantinople in 1680.

Demetriada, Thessaly
Demetriada; Martyr Zenaida (Zenais) of Tarsus, in Cilicia, Commemorated October 11 ; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19;

Makrinitsa, Thessaly
Makrinitsa, Thessaly ; St Gerasimus, Commemorated September 15 ;

Zurvia (Survias) Monastery, aka Makrinitissa Monastery, 1205
Zurvia (Survias), Makrinitissa Monastery, 1205; Saint Gerasimus, Commemorated on September 15;

Zagora, Thessaly
Zagora, Thessaly; New Martyr Triandaphyllus of Stara Zagora, Commemorated August 8 ; New Martyr Triandaphyllus, a native of Zagora, Magnesia (in Thessaly), was beheaded by the Turks at Constantinople in the year 1680 for his refusal to reject Christ and accept Islam. He was only fifteen years old when he received the crown of victory from Christ. St Gerasimus, Commemorated September 15 ; Venerable Romilus of Ravenica, Commemorated on January 16; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ; Venerable Acacius the Younger of Mt Athos, Commemorated on April 12;

Skopelo, Thessaly
Skopelo; Venerable Hierotheus the Younger of Iveron of Mt Athos, Commemorated September 13 ;

Greece, Thessaly, Heraclea River Folder

Heraclea River

Heraclea River Source (along the border)

Karpenisi, Thessaly, Greece (Heraclea River Source)
Karpenisi, Thessaly, Greece ; Venerable Romanus the Martyr, Commemorated January 5 ;

Evrytania Regional Unit, near Thessaly
Evrytania Region; Monkmartyr Damian of Philotheou, Commemorated February 23 ;

Prousos Monastery, Proussos 361 00 Karpenisi, Evrytania, Thessaly
Prousos Monastery, Proussos 361 00 Karpenisi; is a village and a former municipality in Evrytania, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Karpenisi, of which it is a municipal unit.[2] The municipal unit has an area of 146.680 km2.[3] Population 1,430 (2011). Prousos Monastery, Proussos 361 00 Karpenisi; Prousiotissa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on August 23;

Agrapha, Thessaly, Greece
Agrapha municipality; Hieromonk Seraphim, Bishop of the Phanar, Commemorated on December 4 ; Monkmartyr Damian of Philotheou, Commemorated February 23 ;

Agrafa Region, mountains above Western Thessaly
Agrafa Region; Hieromonk Seraphim, Bishop of the Phanar, Commemorated on December 4 ; Monkmartyr Damian of Philotheou, Commemorated February 23 ;

Heraclea River 1 (Spercheiada to Lamia)

Agathonos Monastery, Phthiotis (Heraclea River 1) 1271 or 1400's
Agathonos Monastery, Phthiotis; St. Seraphim of Labodeia, Commemorated on May 6;

Hypate in New Patras (Neopatras, Heraclea River 1.3)
Hypate in New Patras; is a village and a former municipality in Phthiotis, central peninsular Greece. the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Lamia, of which it is a municipal unit.[1] The municipal unit has an area of 257.504 km2.[2] Its 2011 population was 4,541 for the municipal unit, and 496 for the settlement of Ypati itself.[1] town has a long history, being founded at the turn of the 5th/4th century BC as the capital of the Aenianes. the Roman period the town prospered and was regarded as the chief city of Thessaly, as well as a bishopric. was probably abandoned in the 7th century as a result of the Slavic invasions, but was re-established by the 9th century as Neopatras. town became prominent as a metropolitan see and was the capital of the Greek principality of Thessaly in 1268–1318 and of the Catalan Duchy of Neopatras from 1319 to 1391. was conquered by the Ottomans in the early 15th century and remained under Ottoman rule until the Greek War of Independence. Saint Athanasius of Meteora, Commemorated on April 20;

Lygaria, Lamia, Thessaly, Saint Anne the mother of Theotokos
Lygaria, Lamia, Thessaly ; Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25 ; Anna was the daughter of the priest Matthan and his wife Mary. She was of the tribe of Levi and the lineage of Aaron. According to Tradition, she died peacefully in Jerusalem at age 79, before the Annunciation to the Most Holy Theotokos. the reign of Saint Justinian the Emperor (527-565), a church was built in her honor at Deutera. Emperor Justinian II (685-695; 705-711) restored her church, since Saint Anna had appeared to his pregnant wife. It was at this time that her body and maphorion (veil) were transferred to Constantinople. of Saint Anna’s holy relics may be found on Mount Athos: Stavronikita Monastery (part of her left hand), Saint Anna’s Skete (part of her incorrupt left foot), Koutloumousiou Monastery (part of her incorrupt right foot). Fragments of her relics may also be found in her Monastery at Lygaria, Lamia, and in the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian at Sourota. Part of the saint’s incorrupt flesh is in the collection of Saints’ relics of the International Catholic Crusaders. The church of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome has one of the saint’s wrists. Anna is also commemorated on September 9.

Lamia, Lygaria, Thessaly, St Anne the mother of Theotokos
Lygaria, Lamia, Thessaly ; Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25 ; Anna was the daughter of the priest Matthan and his wife Mary. She was of the tribe of Levi and the lineage of Aaron. According to Tradition, she died peacefully in Jerusalem at age 79, before the Annunciation to the Most Holy Theotokos. the reign of Saint Justinian the Emperor (527-565), a church was built in her honor at Deutera. Emperor Justinian II (685-695; 705-711) restored her church, since Saint Anna had appeared to his pregnant wife. It was at this time that her body and maphorion (veil) were transferred to Constantinople. of Saint Anna’s holy relics may be found on Mount Athos: Stavronikita Monastery (part of her left hand), Saint Anna’s Skete (part of her incorrupt left foot), Koutloumousiou Monastery (part of her incorrupt right foot). Fragments of her relics may also be found in her Monastery at Lygaria, Lamia, and in the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian at Sourota. Part of the saint’s incorrupt flesh is in the collection of Saints’ relics of the International Catholic Crusaders. The church of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome has one of the saint’s wrists. Anna is also commemorated on September 9.

Heraclea River Mouth (Malian Gulf)

Heraclea, Trachis, Thessaly, Greece (Heraclea River Mouth)
Heraclea, Trachis; Dormition of the Righteous Anna, the Mother of the Most Holy Theotokos, Commemorated on July 25 ; Apostle Apelles of the Seventy, Commemorated on September 10 ; Apostle Apelles of the Seventy, Commemorated on October 31 ;

Heraklion in Trakhis, Thessaly (near Heraclea River Mouth)
Heraklion in Trakhis; Apostle Apelles of Heraclea; Apostle Apelles of the Seventy, Commemorated on September 10 ; Holy Apostles of the 70 Apelles, Luke (Loukios), and Clement, Commemorated on April 22;

Greece, Epirus Region Folder, and its rivers, Northwest Greece

Epirus Region Greece
Epirus Region Greece; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; New Martyr Anastasius of Epirus, Commemorated on November 18; Apostle Jason of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Sosipater of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; New Martyr Anastasius of Epirus, Commemorated on November 18 St Arsenius the Archbishop of Kerkyra (Corfu), Commemorated January 19 ; Venerable Maximus the Greek, Commemorated January 21 ; New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, Commemorated January 25 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ; New Martyr John the New of Epirus, Commemorated on April 18 ; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; Apostle Jason, of the Seventy and those with him, Commemorated on April 28 ; Virginmartyr Kerkyra and those with her, Commemorated on April 28; St Donatus the Bishop of Euroea in Epirus; St Donatus the Bishop of Euroea in Epirus, Commemorated on April 30; St Angelina of Serbia, Commemorated on July 1;

Epirus Region Greece
Epirus Region Greece; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; Apostle Jason of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Sosipater of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; New Martyr Anastasius of Epirus, Commemorated on November 18 St Arsenius the Archbishop of Kerkyra (Corfu), Commemorated January 19 ; Venerable Maximus the Greek, Commemorated January 21 ; New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, Commemorated January 25 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ; New Martyr John the New of Epirus, Commemorated on April 18 ; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; Apostle Jason, of the Seventy and those with him, Commemorated on April 28 ; Virginmartyr Kerkyra and those with her, Commemorated on April 28; St Donatus the Bishop of Euroea in Epirus; St Donatus the Bishop of Euroea in Epirus, Commemorated on April 30; St Angelina of Serbia, Commemorated on July 1;

Epiros Region
Epiros Region; Venerable Maximus the Greek, Commemorated January 21 ; New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, Commemorated January 25 ; New Martyr John the New of Epirus, Commemorated on April 18 ; Virginmartyr Kerkyra and those with her, Commemorated on April 28; St Donatus the Bishop of Euroea in Epirus, Commemorated on April 30;

Greece, Epirus, 63-110, Apostles Sosipater&Jason, Corfu Island, Kerkyra story, J&S boiling tar s, Island converted
Lyconia, 30-110, Apostle Sosipater, Bishop of Iconium (Konya), Lyconia ; is a person mentioned in the New Testament, in Romans 16:21. He is probably the same person as Sopater mentioned in Acts 20:4. church tradition, he is known as Sosipater of Iconium, and is numbered among the Seventy Apostles. St. Sosipater's feast days are on April 28 (Slavic tradition), or 29 (Greek tradition) with St. Jason; 10 with saints Erastus, Olympas, Herodian, Quartus and Tertius; and January 4 with the Seventy. According to Latin tradition, the disciple of St Paul the Apostle died on the 25th of June in Beroea. was born in Achaea. According to legend, he was Bishop in Iconium[1] (prior to the Apostle Tertius) by his relative the Apostle Paul. the Apostle Jason he traveled to the island of Corfu where they built a church in honor of the Apostle Stephen the Protomartyr and converted many pagans to the Christian faith. this, the governor of Corfu threw them into prison where they converted seven other prisoners to the Christian faith: Saturninus, Jakischolus, Faustianus, Januarius, Marsalius, Euphrasius and Mammius, known as the Seven Robbers. The governor had those seven put to death by boiling pitch for their faith. governor's daughter, the virgin Cercyra [uk], having watched these holy apostles being tortured and turned to the Christian faith, distributed all her jewels to the poor. governor became angry and put her in prison, yet she would not deny Christ. So he had the prison burned, but she remained unharmed. Many people were baptized upon seeing this miracle. He then had her killed with arrows while tied to a tree. believers fled to a nearby island to get away from the enraged governor, but as he chased them his boat sank. The new governor embraced the Christian faith and in baptism received the name Sebastian. then on Sts. Sosipater and Jason freely preached the Gospel and built up the Church in Corfu until a very old age, when they gave up their souls to God. Kerkyra (Kephalonia); Apostle Jason, of the Seventy and those with him, Commemorated on April 28; Apostle Jason was from Tarsus (Asia Minor). He was the first Christian in the city. The Apostle Sosipater was a native of Patra, Achaia. He is thought to be the same Sosipater mentioned in Acts 20:4. They both became disciples of Saint Paul, who even called them his kinsmen (Rom 16:21). John Chrysostom (Homily 32 on Romans) says that this is the same Jason who is mentioned in Acts 17:5-9. Jason was made bishop in his native city of Tarsus, and Saint Sosipater in Iconium. traveled west preaching the Gospel, and in 63 they reached the island of Kerkyra [Korfu] in the Ionian Sea near Greece. they built a church in the name of the Protomartyr Stephen and they baptized many. The governor of the island learned of this and locked them up in prison, where they met seven thieves: Saturninus, Iakischolus, Faustianus, Januarius, Marsalius, Euphrasius and Mammius. The Apostles converted them to Christ. For their confession of Christ, the seven prisoners died as martyrs in a cauldron of molten tar, wax and sulfur. prison guard, after witnessing their martyrdom, declared himself a Christian. For this they cut off his left hand, then both feet and finally his head. The governor ordered the Apostles Jason and Sosipater to be whipped and again locked up in prison. the daughter of the governor of Kerkyra (Korfu), the maiden, learned how Christians were suffering for Christ, she declared herself a Christian and gave away all her finery to the poor. The infuriated governor attempted to persuade his daughter to deny Christ, but Saint Kerkyra stood firm against both persuasion and threats. Then the enraged father devised a terrible punishment for his daughter: he gave orders that she be placed in a prison cell with the robber and murderer Murinus, so that he might defile the betrothed of Christ when the robber approached the door of the prison cell, a bear attacked him. Saint Kerkyra heard the noise and she drove off the beast in the name of Christ. Then, by her prayers, she healed the wounds of Murinus. Then Saint Kerkyra enlightened him with the faith of Christ, and Saint Murinus declared himself a Christian and was executed. governor gave orders to burn down the prison, but the holy virgin remained alive. Then on her enraged father’s order, she was suspended upon a tree, choked with bitter smoke and shot with arrows. After her death, the governor decided to execute all the Christians on the island of Kerkyra. The Martyrs Zeno, Eusebius, Neon and Vitalis, after being enlightened by Saints Jason and Sosipater, were burned alive. inhabitants of Kerkyra, escaping from the persecution, crossed to an adjoining island. The governor set sail with a detachment of soldiers, but was swallowed up by the waves. The governor succeeding him gave orders to throw the Apostles Jason and Sosipater into a cauldron of boiling tar. When he beheld them unharmed, he cried out with tears, “O God of Jason and Sosipater, have mercy on me!” been set free, the Apostles baptized the governor and gave him the name Sebastian. With his help, the Apostles Jason and Sosipater built several churches on the island, and increased the flock of Christ by their fervent preaching. They lived there until they reached old age. Apostle Sosipater of the Seventy, Commemorated November 10; Sosipater, a native of Achaia, was Bishop of Iconium, where he also died. Saint Paul mentions him in Romans 16:21. The holy Apostles Erastus, Sosipater (April 28), Olympas (January 4), Rodion (April 8), Quartus and Tertius (October 30) were disciples of Saint Paul. They all lived during the first century. Apostle to the Gentiles speaks of them in the Epistle to the Romans, “And Erastus, the city treasurer, greets you, and Quartus, a brother” (Rom 16: 23). Sosipater, a native of Achaia, was Bishop of Iconium, where he also died. Saint Paul mentions him in Romans 16:21. Olympas was mentioned by the holy Apostle Paul (Rom 16:15). He was also a companion of the Apostle Peter. Saint Rodion (Herodion), was a kinsman of the Apostle Paul (Romans 16:11), and left the bishop’s throne at Patras to go to Rome with the Apostle Peter. Saints Rodion and Olympas were beheaded on the very day and hour when Saint Peter was crucified. Quartus endured much suffering for his piety and converted many pagans to Christ, dying peacefully as a bishop in the city of Beirut. Tertius is mentioned in the Epistle to the Romans, “I, Tertius, who wrote this epistle, salute you in the Lord” (Rom 16:22). Saint Tertius, to whom Saint Paul dictated the Epistle to the Romans, was the second Bishop of Iconium, where also he died.

Greece, Epirus, 1205-1479, Despotate of Epirus, against Latin Empire of Constantinople
Greece, 1205-1479, Despotate of Epirus, against Latin Empire of Constantinople; Saint Philothea of Thrace, Protectress of Romania, Commemorated on December 7

Greece, Epirus, 1450-1505, Saint Savva of Ioannina, hechycast, never angry, said Humility is cornerstone of spiritual life
Greece, 1450-1505, Saint Savva of Ioannina, Epirus, Greece (Lake Pamvotis), spiritual father Nectarios&Theophanes, +1550&+1554, aristocrat son, loved poverty, lived humble poor hermit, never seen angry, judgmental, or as a person who remembered wrongs. His heart overflowed with humility. He said: “Humility is the solid and indestructible cornerstone upon which the spiritual life is built.” hechycast, no: meat, fish, cheese, or even oil on food; Ioannina (Lake Pamvotis) ; Saint Savva of Ioannina, Commemorated on February 3; is not known where Saint Savva was born. He lived a life of asceticism in the Holy Monastery of the Honorable Forerunner on an island in the lake of Ioannina around the middle of the XV century. was the Spiritual Father of Saints Nektarios (+ 1550) and Theophanes (+ 1544), who were descended from the distinguished Apsaras family of the Byzantine Empire. They are commemorated jointly on May 17. Savva was the son of an aristocratic family, from an early age he loved the poverty of Jesus Christ. Until his last breath, he lived as a humble and poor hermit. one ever saw him angry, judgmental, or as a person who remembered wrongs. His heart overflowed with humility, concerning which he himself said: “Humility is the solid and indestructible cornerstone upon which the spiritual life is built.” was a hechycast, and his ascetical life was very strict. He prayed every night until morning. His food was plain, and he ate very little. No meat, fish, or cheese ever appeared on his table, and he never poured a drop of oil on his food. Savva reposed peacefully in 1505. When he delivered his soul to the Lord, an inexpressible fragrance arose from the tabernacle of his body. The saint was buried in the monastery of Honorable Forerunner. A holy relic of the saint is kept and revered in the Roussanou Monastery of the Transfiguration at Meteora.

Greece, Epirus, 1710-1720, New Martyr Auxentius, Gregory encouraged martyrdom but first a monk, beheaded, d light, myrrh
Greece, 1710-1720, New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, from Ioannina Region, Epirus, Greece, furrier in C, sinful sailor, moslem traitors accused him of embracing Islam, small boat, desire for Martyrdom, Fr Gregory of Xeropotamou got in his boat, encouraged martyrdom but first become a monk, returned to old ship, beaten w iron bar, eye and teeth, urged viser to become christian, beheaded, heavenly light, sweet fragrance; Ioannina Region; New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, Commemorated January 25 ; holy New Martyr Auxentius was born in 1690 in the diocese of Vellas, part of the Metropolitan district of Ioannina in Greece. When he was a young man, he moved to Constantinople with his parents and became a furrier. he left his trade and went to work on the ships, leading a sinful life in pursuit of worldly pleasures. His Moslem coworkers turned against him and accused him of denying Christ to embrace Islam. Fearing that they would denounce him to the captain of the ship, Auxentius jumped ship and returned to Constantinople. bought a small boat and earned his living with it. He began to regret his previous conduct, and the desire for martyrdom grew within him. One day, a monk got into his boat in order to cross the water. This was Father Gregory, a monk of Xeropotamou Monastery on Mt. Athos. revealed to Father Gregory his desire to be a martyr for Christ. The wise monk praised his desire, but urged caution lest he should weaken under torture and deny Christ. He recommended that Auxentius move to a quiet place and become a monk. Heeding Father Gregory’s advice, Auxentius continued to work with his boat for a time, giving most of his money to the poor, and living as an ascetic. often prayed at the church of the Life-Giving Fountain, asking God to give him strength to become a martyr. Then he returned to his old ship, where his former shipmates began to beat him. They dragged him before the kadi, stating that he had converted to Islam, but then returned to Christianity. said, “I was, and am, an Orthodox Christian. I am prepared to suffer thousands of tortures for the sake of Christ.” furious Hagarenes began to beat Auxentius with an iron bar. He lost an eye and several teeth as a result. He remained steadfast in confessing Christ, in spite of all the tortures that were inflicted upon him, and absolutely refused to become a Moslem. Gregory went to see Auxentius in prison, and was asked to bring him Holy Communion on his next visit. The monk did this, also urging him to remain strong in the Orthodox Faith. holy martyr was brought before the vizier, who urged him to respect Islam as good and true, instead of treating it with contempt. Saint Auxentius answered that he would never abandon his faith. In fact, he even urged the vizier to become a Christian. This enraged the vizier, and he sentenced Auxentius to death. praying for all Orthodox Christians, and for the whole world, Saint Auxentius was beheaded on January 25, 1720 at 9:00 A.M. Two days later, a heavenly light was seen by Christians and Moslems, shining on the body of the martyr. sultan’s tailor, an Orthodox Christian named Michael, went to the sultan and asked for the body. Patriarch Jeremiah III accompanied the body to the Church of the Life-Giving Fountain for the funeral and burial. years later, when the saint’s relics were exhumed, a sweet fragrance came forth from them.

Greece, Epirus, Arachthos River Folder

Arachthos River

Arachthos River Source (Pindus Mountains)

Epirus, Greece (west of Pindus Mountains)
Epirus; Pindus Mountains; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; Apostle Jason of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Venerable Maximus the Greek, Commemorated January 21 ; New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, Commemorated January 25 ; New Martyr John the New of Epirus, Commemorated on April 18; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; Virginmartyr Kerkyra and those with her, Commemorated on April 28; St Donatus the Bishop of Euroea in Epirus, Commemorated on April 30; Martyr Potitus at Naples, Commemorated on July 1;

Konitsa in Epeiros
Konitsa in Epeiros; Venerable Paϊsios of the Holy Mountain, Commemorated on July 12;

Samarina in Epirus (high up in Pindus Mts, Vlachs)
Samarina in Epirus; (Greek: Σαμαρίνα, Aromanian: Samarina, Xamarina, San Marina) is a village and a former municipality in Grevena regional unit, West Macedonia, Greece. the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Grevena, of which it is a municipal unit.[2] population primarily consists of Aromanians (sometimes called Vlachs). attracts many tourists due to its scenic location and beautiful pine and beech forests. The population was 378 people as of 2011.[1] The municipal unit has an area of 97.245 km2 (37½ sq. mi.).[3] is the most famous of all the Aromanian (Vlach) villages of the Pindus and the inhabitants are fiercely proud of their heritage and traditions. summer on August 15, on the feast of the Dormition of the Virgin, Samarinans from all over the world assemble on their ancestral village to celebrate. There, on the main square outside the Great Church, they perform the "Great Dance" (Greek: Tranós Chorós, Aromanian: Corlu Mari): thousands of people hold hands and form concentric circles, and they walk slowly and ceremonially counterclockwise, while singing their traditional songs in a rousing unison chorus. New Martyr Demetrius of Samarina in Epirus, Commemorated on August 17;

Paraskeva Monestary
Paraskeva Monestary;

Arachthos River 1 (Metsovo or Metsovon)

Metsovon, Epirus, Greece (Metsovo, Arachthos River 1)
Metsovon (Metsovo); Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; New Martyr Nicholas of Metsovo, Commemorated on May 16;

Arachthos River 2

Ioannina Region, Epirus, Greece (Lake Pamvotis, Arachthos River 2)
Ioannina Region; New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, Commemorated January 25 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ;

Ioannina, Epirus, Greece (Lake Pamvotis)
Ioannina (Lake Pamvotis) ; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ; New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, Commemorated January 25 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ; Saint Savva of Ioannina, Commemorated on February 3; New Martyr John the New of Epirus, Commemorated on April 18 ;

Ioannina, the largest city of Epirus
Ioannina, the largest city of Epirus; Venerable Theophanes of Dochiariou of Mt Athos, Commemorated August 19 ; New Martyr Auxentius of Constantinople, Commemorated January 25 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ; New Martyr John the New of Epirus, Commemorated on April 18;

Heraklia in Arta, Epirus
Heraklia in Arta; Apostle Aquila of the Seventy, Commemorated on July 14 ; Apostle Aquila of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4 ;

Arachthos River 3

Arta, Epirus, Greece (Arta Bridge, Arachthos River 3)
Arta, Greece (Arachthos River 3) Venerable Maximus the Greek, Commemorated January 21 ;

Arachthos River Mouth (Ambracian Gulf)

Ambracian Gulf
Ambracian Gulf;

Preveza, Northwestern Greece, Ambracian Gulf
Preveza; Martyr Christos of Preveza, Commemorated August 5 ;

Vonitsa, Akarnania
Vonitsa, Akarnania; Saint George, Bishop of Amastris on the Black Sea, Commemorated on February 21;

Greece, Epirus, Corfu Island and Euroea Folder

Euroea, Epirus, Greece, near Corfu Island
Euroea in Epiro; St Donatus the Bishop of Euroea in Epirus, Commemorated on April 30;

Kerkyra (Corfu) Island (Epiros Region Greece)
Kerkyra (Kephalonia); Righteous Admiral Theodore Ushakov of the Russian Naval Fleet; St Spyridon the Wonderworker and Bishop of Tremithus, Commemorated December 12 ; Apostle Jason of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Sosipater of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; St Arsenius the Archbishop of Kerkyra (Corfu), Commemorated January 19 ; Righteous Theodora, wife of the Emperor Theophilus, the Iconoclast, Commemorated February 11 ; Apostle Jason, of the Seventy and those with him, Commemorated on April 28; Virginmartyr Kerkyra and those with her, Commemorated on April 28;

Corfu (Kerkyra) Island (Epiros Region Greece)
Kerkyra (Kephalonia); Righteous Admiral Theodore Ushakov of the Russian Naval Fleet; St Spyridon the Wonderworker and Bishop of Tremithus, Commemorated December 12 ; Apostle Jason of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Sosipater of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; St Arsenius the Archbishop of Kerkyra (Corfu), Commemorated January 19 ; Righteous Theodora, wife of the Emperor Theophilus, the Iconoclast, Commemorated February 11 ; Apostle Jason, of the Seventy and those with him, Commemorated on April 28; Virginmartyr Kerkyra and those with her, Commemorated on April 28;

Greece, Corinth, Athens, Achaia (West Greece) Folder

Corinth, Greece (Gulf, Isthmus and Canal of Corinth, Saronic Gulf)
Corinth; Greatmartyr Marina (Margaret) of Antioch in Pisidia, Commemorated July 17 ; Hieromartyr Apollinaris the Bishop of Ravenna, Commemorated on July 23; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Venerable Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on August 18 ; St Fantinus of Calabria, Commemorated on August 30; Apostle Onesiphorus of the Seventy, Commemorated September 7 ; Holy Apostle Onesiphorus of the Seventy Saint Paul writes of him: “God grant mercy to the house of Onesiphorus, for he often refreshed me, and was not ashamed of my bonds. When he was at Rome, he searched for me with great diligence, and found me. May the Lord grant him to find the mercy of the Lord on that day; and you know how much he served me at Ephesus.” (2 Tim 1:16-18). Onesiphorus was bishop at Colophon (Asia Minor), and later at Corinth. He died a martyr in the city of Parium (not far from Ephesus) on the shores of the Hellespont, where he had gone to proclaim Christ among the local pagans. Apostle Aquila of the Seventy; SILAS, MISSIONARY COMPANION OF PAUL, Commemorated January 26 ; StMeletius the New, Commemorated September 1 ; St Phoebe the Deaconess at Cenchreae near Corinth, Commemorated on September 3 ; Apostle Onesiphorus of the Seventy, Commemorated September 7 ; Venerable Luke of Sicily, Commemorated on November 6 ; St Theodotus of Ancyra, Commemorated on November 7 ; Venerable Gregory Decapolite, Commemorated November 20 ; CLEMENT OF ROME, BISHOP (23 NOV 100) ; St Clement the Bishop of Ochrid and Enlightener of the Bulgarians, Commemorated November 25 ; LYDIA, DORCAS AND PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, 27 JAN NT ; Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Commemorated on December 8 ; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on December 8 ; Venerable Dionysius of Aegina, Commemorated December 17 ; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Crispus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Rufus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Aquila of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4 ; THE CONVERSION OF THE APOSTLE PAUL, (JANUARY 25) ; LYDIA, DORCAS AND PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, 27 JAN. NT; TIMOTHY AND TITUS; Martyr Victorinus of Egypt, Commemorated January 30 ; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7; Martyr Quadratus and those with him at Corinth, Commemorated on March 10; Hieromartyr Pionius of Smyrna and those with him, Commemorated on March 11 ; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; Holy Apostles Sosthenes was head of the Corinthian synagogue before his conversion. The Apostle Paul converted him to Christianity and made him his helper in his work. In addressing the Corinthian church, Saint Paul sent greetings from both of them: “Paul, by the will of God called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ, and brother Sosthenes...” (1 Cor.1:1). Afterwards, Saint Sosthenes was made bishop at Colophon (Asia Minor). Sosthenes is also commemorated on December 8 and the Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles on January 4. Apostle Herodion of the Seventy, and those with Him, Commemorated on April 8; Venerable Athanasia the Abbess of Aegina, Commemorated on April 12; Martyr Leonidas of Corinth, Commemorated on April 16; Martyr Adrian of Corinth, Commemorated on April 17; Venerable Makarius of Corinth, Commemorated on April 17; Apostle Jason, of the Seventy and those with him, Commemorated on April 28 ; Venerable Nicephorus of Chios, Commemorated on May 1; St Peter the Wonderworker and Bishop of Argos, Commemorated on May 3; Commemoration of the Founding of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 11 ; Martyr Heraclius, Commemorated on May 18; Martyr Heliconis of Thessalonica, Commemorated on May 28; BASIL THE GREAT, BISHOP, THEOLOGIAN (14 JUNE 379); Martyr Julian of Tarsus, in Cilicia, Commemorated on June 21 ; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24; St Paul the Physician of Corinth, Commemorated on June 28; IRENAEUS, BISHOP OF LYONS, THEOLOGIAN (28 JUN 202) ; St Paul the Physician of Corinth, Commemorated on June 28 ;

Greece, , Corinth, Greece (Gulf, Isthmus and Canal of Corinth, Saronic Gulf)
Corinth; Venerable Makarius of Corinth, Commemorated on April 17; Makarios was born in Trikala, of Corinth in 1731, devout parents who were descended from the famous Notaras family of Constantinople. father’s name was George and his mother’s was Anastasia. In Baptism he received the name Michael. His teacher in Kephalonia was named Eustathios. Michael was very zealous for the solitary life, and so he left his parents’ house in secret, and went to the Great Cave (Μέγα Σπήλαιον) Monastery. Monastery was so named because it is the largest monastery of the Peloponnesos, and it was built in front of a cave. His father discovered where he was, however, and had Michael sent back home, where he spent much of his time studying the Divine Scriptures and other edifying books. Corinth had lacked a teacher for a long time, Michael taught the young people for six years without payment. Even when he was very young, it was apparent that he did not care for the material things of this world, but only for spiritual treasures. When his father appointed him as the supervisor of an area where he could become very wealthy, he gave his money to the poor, and his father scolded him. excelled as a teacher, and the Corinthians loved him for his exemplary way of life. After the death of His godfather Archbishop Parthenios of Corinth in 1764, they suggested to Patriarch Samuel of Constantinople that he appoint Michael, who was then a layman, as his successor. Thus, he passed through the various degrees of ordination and was consecrated as Archbishop of Corinth by Patriarch Samuel. blessed one did not seek the hierarchal office for power, or as a means of acquiring wealth, but out of his paternal concern for the security and the salvation of his flock, for which he would have to render an account to the Lord and God of all. He rid the Church of corrupt and ineffectual priests and replaced them with priests who were virtuous and qualified. Those who were not qualified were sent to monasteries to be educated and trained how to serve. the Russo-Turkish War began in 1768, Archbishop Makarios was forced to flee to Zakynthos with his family, and from there to Hydra, where he lived in a monastery. When things settled down, the Holy Synod of Constantinople chose a new Archbishop of Corinth, perhaps because Archbishop Makarios had abandoned his See.1 visited Hydra and from there he went to Chios. From Chios he went to Mount Athos, fulfilling his persistent and praiseworthy desire to visit the Holy Mountain and to experience its way of life. When the divine Makarios arrived on Mount Athos in 1777, he settled in the kelli2 of Saint Anthony, which belonged to his compatriot Elder David. There he met Saint Νikόdēmos the Hagiorite once again. At that time, the Athonite community was divided by quarrels and controversies over Memorial Services and kollyva. The reason for the dispute was a disagreement about when the departed ought to be commemorated in church. Church’s Tradition is to have services for the departed on Saturdays, and that Memorial Services are not permitted on Sundays or Feast Days. Hence, disputes arose out of the intense quarrels and contradictions which also extended to other areas of Church life. The situation there saddened the hierarch. Because of the riots and disturbances on the Holy Mountain, he feared for his own life, and so he returned to Chios. After remaining there for a brief time, he departed for Patmos. his stay in Patmos, the Saint sought a permanent residence, and since he was attracted by the location, he founded the Sacred Kathisma3 of All Saints (Ιερό Κάθισμα των Αγίων Πάντων) in 1782. the Saint’s father reposed, his two brothers wanted him to act as executor of his will. Saint Makarios gave everything to his brothers without keeping anything for himself. Then he returned to Chios to obtain some letters of recommendation, and went to Smyrna to meet with Prince John Maurogordatos of Moldovo-Vlakhia.4 The Prince knew Saint Makarios by reputation, and therefore he received him with reverence and respect for him as a man of God. Not only was he happy to show him hospitality in his home, but Maurogordatos also contributed money for the publication of The Philokalia, and for the publication of the Holy Catechism of Metropolitan Platon of Moscow. Smyrna the Saint returned to Chios. He chose his place of residence at the church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul in the north-northwestern edges of Vrontados at the foot of Aippus. He found spiritual peace with Saint Athanasios Parios (who wrote his Life), Saints Nikephoros and Niphon of Chios, Gregory of Nisyros, and Athanasios of Armenia, all of whom had left the Holy Mountain several years earlier, because of the disturbances and scandals over Memorial Services. Makarios remained in his hermitage on Chios for the rest of his life (1790-1805), engaging in severe ascetical struggles, practicing interior prayer, writing books, confessing and counseling people, instructing them in the Faith, inspiring them to virtue, and helping those in need. also prepared several individuals who had denied Christ to go back to the place where they had done this, and confess that they only worshiped Christ, the true God. Of course, the Turks put these New Martyrs to death when they heard such talk, so he encouraged the martyrs by his words, and strengthened them by prayer and fasting, so that they would not lose their courage and deny Christ again. Makarios departed to the Lord on April 17, 1805. His honorable body was buried in the courtyard of the church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul on the south side. The recovery of his relics took place in 1808. 1 It has been suggested that Saint Makarios was replaced because the Turks thought that he encouraged the Greeks in their desire to revolt. In any case, the Saint retained his rank and was permitted to serve unhindered anywhere he wished. 2 A Kelli is a monk’s cell, or a monastic establishment consisting of a building with a chapel in it, and some surrounding land. Usually it is occupied by three monks. 3 In an Orthodox context, a Kathisma refers to a division of the Psalter, a chair or seat, or a monastic establishment, perhaps a type of hermitage. 4 This region is now part of modern Romania.

Athens, Greece
Athens; Martyr Hermias of Apollonia in Macedonia, Commemorated July 8 ; Greatmartyr Marina (Margaret) of Antioch in Pisidia, Commemorated July 17 ; Saint Athenagoras of Athens, Commemorated on July 24; Hieromartyr Valentine the Bishop of Interamna, Terni in Italy, Commemorated on July 30; Martyr and Archdeacon Laurence of Rome, Commemorated on August 10; Venerable Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on August 18 ; St Fantinus of Calabria, Commemorated on August 30; Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Commemorated September 21 ; Hieromartyr Dionysius the Areopagite the Bishop of Athens, Commemorated October 3 ; Hieromartyr Hierotheus the Bishop of Athens, Commemorated October 3 ; Apostle Narcissus of the Seventy, Commemorated October 31 ; St Nectarius Kephalas the Metropolitan of Pentapolis, Commemorated on November 9 ; Apostle of the Seventy: Quartus, died in Athens, Commemorated on November 10; St Justinian the Emperor, Commemorated on November 14 ; CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA, TEACHER AND APOLOGIST (5 DEC 213?) ; Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Commemorated on December 8 ; Martyr Menas of Alexandria, Commemorated on December 10 ; Venerable Dionysius of Aegina, Commemorated December 17 ; St Basil the Great the Archbishop of Caesarea, in Cappadocia, Commemorated January 1 ; Apostle Narcissus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Phlegon of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; St Theodosius of Antioch, Commemorated Janaury 11; Venerable Neophytus of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated January 21 ; St Gregory the Theologian the Archbishop of Constantinople, Commemorated on January 25 ; LYDIA, DORCAS AND PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, 27 JAN. NT ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated on February 7 ; Venerable Martinian of Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on February 13; Uncovering of the relics of the Martyr Menas of Alexandria, Commemorated February 17 ; Martyr Philothea the Monastic, Commemorated on February 19; St Mark the Ascetic of Egypt, Commemorated on March 5; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; Venerable Mark the Anchorite of Athens, Commemorated on April 5; Apostle Herodion of the Seventy, and those with Him, Commemorated on April 8; Venerable Athanasia the Abbess of Aegina, Commemorated on April 12; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19; New Martyr Ephraim, Commemorated on May 5; GREGORY OF NAZIANZUS, BISHOP AND THEOLOGIAN (9 MAY 389); Commemoration of the Founding of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 11 ; Martyr Heraclius, Commemorated on May 18; St John the Russian and Confessor, whose relics are on the island of Euboia, Commemorated on May 27 ; BASIL THE GREAT, BISHOP, THEOLOGIAN (14 JUNE 379); Martyr Julian of Tarsus, in Cilicia, Commemorated on June 21 ; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24; Martyr Felix of Apollonia in Macedonia, Commemorated July 6 ;

Greece (Macedonia, Constantinople, Thessaly, Athens, Peloponnesos, Epiros)
Greece; Venerable Nilus the Myrrhgusher of Mt Athos, Commemorated on November 12; St Xanthippe Disciple of the Apostles, who died in Spain; Holy, All-Praised Apostle Philip, Commemorated on November 14; CLEMENT OF ROME, BISHOP (23 NOV 100) ;

West Greece
West Greece; Apostle Epenetus of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated on August 16 ; Martyr Myron the Presbyter of Cyzicus, Commemorated on August 17; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; Icon of the Mother of God "Kathariotissa", Commemorated September 8 ; St Xanthippe Disciple of the Apostles, who died in Spain, Commemorated on September 23 ; Apostle Epenetus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Jason of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Tertius of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Aquila of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4 ; Martyr Pamphilius the Presbyter at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on February 16; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; Apostle Jason, of the Seventy and those with him, Commemorated on April 28 ;

Achaia, Roman Province South of Macedonia and Epirus
Achaea[1] or Achaia,[2][3] , was a province of the Roman Empire, consisting of the Peloponnese, eastern Central Greece, and parts of Thessaly. the north, it bordered on the provinces of Epirus vetus and Macedonia. The region was annexed by the Roman Republic in 146 BC following the sack of Corinth by the Roman general Lucius Mummius, who was awarded the cognomen "Achaicus" ("conqueror of Achaea"). became part of the Roman province of Macedonia, which included the whole of mainland Greece. Acts 18:12-28 before Paul's return to Antioch, Syria;

Greece, Corinth, Athens, West Greece History Folder

Greece, 30-96, Athens, Saint, Dionysius the Areopagite
Greece, 30-96, Saint, Dionysius the Areopagite ; Hill of Ares (The Aeropagus): Areopagus (both a place and a judicial body); Hieromartyr Dionysius the Areopagite the Bishop of Athens, Commemorated on October 3;

Greece, 30-64, Onesiphorus of the Seventy, bishop of Colophon, Cilicia, and Corinth, with Paul in Rome, martyred at Parium
Cilicia, 30-64, Onesiphorus of the Seventy Apostles, bishop of Colophon, Cilicia (Ceyhan River Mouth), and later Corinth, Greece, with Paul in Rome, martyred at Parium on the Hellespont; Colophon, Cilicia ; Apostle Onesiphorus of the Seventy, Commemorated September 7 ; Onesiphorus was bishop at Colophon (Asia Minor), and later at Corinth. He died a martyr in the city of Parium (not far from Ephesus) on the shores of the Hellespont, where he had gone to proclaim Christ among the local pagans. Holy Apostle Onesiphorus of the Seventy Saint Paul writes of him: “God grant mercy to the house of Onesiphorus, for he often refreshed me, and was not ashamed of my bonds. When he was at Rome, he searched for me with great diligence, and found me. May the Lord grant him to find the mercy of the Lord on that day; and you know how much he served me at Ephesus.” (2 Tim 1:16-18). Onesiphorus was bishop at Colophon (Asia Minor), later at Corinth. died a martyr in the city of Parium (not far from Ephesus) on the shores of the Hellespont, where he had gone to proclaim Christ among the local pagans.

Greece, 30-80, Corinth, Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy
Greece, 30-80, Corinth, Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy; was the chief ruler of the synagogue at Corinth, who, according to the Acts of the Apostles, was seized and beaten by the mob in the presence of Gallio, the Roman governor, when he refused to proceed against Paul at the instigation of the Jews (Acts 18:12–17). The motives of this assault against Sosthenes are not recorded. Some manuscripts insert the mob was composed of "Greeks"; others read "Jews".[1] historians identify this Sosthenes with a companion of Paul the Apostle referred to as "Sosthenes our brother", a convert to the Christian faith and co-author of the First Epistle to the Corinthians (1 Corinthians 1:1–2). It is not clear whether this identification is tenable.[1] According to Protestant theologian Heinrich Meyer, "Theodoret and most commentators, including Flatt, Billroth, Ewald, Maier [and] Hofmann, identify Sosthenes with the person so named in Acts 18:17, but this is rightly denied by Michaelis, Pott, Rückert, and de Wette".[2] has also been suggested that Sosthenes is a later name of Crispus, who is mentioned in Acts 18:8 and 1 Corinthians 1:14.[3] is traditionally listed among the Seventy Disciples of Luke 10:1.[4] Corinth; Greatmartyr Marina (Margaret) of Antioch in Pisidia, Commemorated July 17 ; Hieromartyr Apollinaris the Bishop of Ravenna, Commemorated on July 23; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Venerable Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on August 18 ; St Fantinus of Calabria, Commemorated on August 30; Apostle Onesiphorus of the Seventy, Commemorated September 7 ; Holy Apostle Onesiphorus of the Seventy Saint Paul writes of him: “God grant mercy to the house of Onesiphorus, for he often refreshed me, and was not ashamed of my bonds. When he was at Rome, he searched for me with great diligence, and found me. May the Lord grant him to find the mercy of the Lord on that day; and you know how much he served me at Ephesus.” (2 Tim 1:16-18). Onesiphorus was bishop at Colophon (Asia Minor), and later at Corinth. He died a martyr in the city of Parium (not far from Ephesus) on the shores of the Hellespont, where he had gone to proclaim Christ among the local pagans. Apostle Aquila of the Seventy; SILAS, MISSIONARY COMPANION OF PAUL, Commemorated January 26 ; StMeletius the New, Commemorated September 1 ; St Phoebe the Deaconess at Cenchreae near Corinth, Commemorated on September 3 ; Apostle Onesiphorus of the Seventy, Commemorated September 7 ; Venerable Luke of Sicily, Commemorated on November 6 ; St Theodotus of Ancyra, Commemorated on November 7 ; Venerable Gregory Decapolite, Commemorated November 20 ; CLEMENT OF ROME, BISHOP (23 NOV 100) ; St Clement the Bishop of Ochrid and Enlightener of the Bulgarians, Commemorated November 25 ; LYDIA, DORCAS AND PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, 27 JAN NT ; Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Commemorated on December 8 ; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on December 8 ; Venerable Dionysius of Aegina, Commemorated December 17 ; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Crispus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Rufus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Aquila of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4 ; THE CONVERSION OF THE APOSTLE PAUL, (JANUARY 25) ; LYDIA, DORCAS AND PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, 27 JAN. NT; TIMOTHY AND TITUS; Martyr Victorinus of Egypt, Commemorated January 30 ; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7; Martyr Quadratus and those with him at Corinth, Commemorated on March 10; Hieromartyr Pionius of Smyrna and those with him, Commemorated on March 11 ; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; Apostle Herodion of the Seventy, and those with Him, Commemorated on April 8; Venerable Athanasia the Abbess of Aegina, Commemorated on April 12; Martyr Leonidas of Corinth, Commemorated on April 16; Martyr Adrian of Corinth, Commemorated on April 17; Apostle Jason, of the Seventy and those with him, Commemorated on April 28 ; Venerable Nicephorus of Chios, Commemorated on May 1; St Peter the Wonderworker and Bishop of Argos, Commemorated on May 3; Commemoration of the Founding of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 11 ; Martyr Heraclius, Commemorated on May 18; Martyr Heliconis of Thessalonica, Commemorated on May 28; BASIL THE GREAT, BISHOP, THEOLOGIAN (14 JUNE 379); Martyr Julian of Tarsus, in Cilicia, Commemorated on June 21 ; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24; St Paul the Physician of Corinth, Commemorated on June 28; IRENAEUS, BISHOP OF LYONS, THEOLOGIAN (28 JUN 202) ; St Paul the Physician of Corinth, Commemorated on June 28 ;

Greece, 30-129, Athens, Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy
Greece, 30-129, Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy; Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Commemorated on September 21;

Greece, 30-96, Athens, Apostle Narcissus of the Seventy
Greece, 30-96, Athens, Apostle Narcissus of the Seventy; Greece, 30-129, Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy; Apostle Quadratus of the Seventy, Commemorated on September 21; Apostle Narcissus of the Seventy, Commemorated on October 31;

Greece, 30-64, Achaia, Ephenetus, from Achaia, bishop of Carthage
Africa, North Africa, 30-64, Ephenetus, from Achaia, bishof of Carthage; or Epaentus is a saint in the Greek Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church, considered one of the seventy disciples and may have been the first Bishop of Carthage or Cartagena. In the 16th chapter of St. Paul's letter to the Romans, Epenetus is referred to by Saint Paul as "my beloved" and given the great distinction of being named the "first convert in the Province of Asia".[2] Epaentus was a convert to Christianity in Ephesus. In the lists of the seventy disciples by the Pseudo-Dorotheus and Pseudo-Hippolytus, Epaenetus figures as Bishop of Carthage or Cartagena.[3] The Greek Orthodox Church remembers Epenetus on January 4[4] among the Seventy, and on July 30 with Apostles Silas and Silvanus, Crescens, and Andronicus.[3] Carthage; Carthagian Empire; Apostle Epenetus of the Seventy, Commemorated on July 30; Holy Apostle of the Seventy Epenetus was a disciple of the Savior. Holy Apostle Epenetus was made bishop at Carthage. In his Epistle to the Romans, the holy Apostle Paul writes: “Greet my dear Epenetus, who is the firstfruits of Achaia unto Christ” (Rom. 16:5).

Greece, 30-100, Corinth, Apostle Silas, Bishop fo Corinth, speaker, with Paul in Antioch, Philippi, Thessalonica, Berea
Greece, Corinth, 30-100, Apostle Silas, Bishop fo Corinth; or Silvanus (1st century AD) was a leading member of the Early Christian community, who first accompanied Paul the Apostle on his second missionary journey.[1] and etymologies is traditionally assumed to be the same as the Silvanus mentioned in four epistles. Some translations, including the New International Version, call him "Silas" in the epistles. Paul, Silas, and Timothy are listed as co-authors of the two letters to the Thessalonians. The Second Epistle to the Corinthians mentions Silas as having preached with Paul and Timothy to the church in Corinth (1:19), and the First Epistle of Peter describes Silas as a "faithful brother" (5:12). narrative is first mentioned in Acts 15:22, where he and Judas Barsabbas (known often as 'Judas') were selected by the church elders to return with Paul and Barnabas to Antioch following the Jerusalem Council. and Judas are mentioned as being leaders among the brothers, prophets and encouraging speakers. Silas was selected by Paul to accompany him on his second mission after Paul and Barnabas split over an argument involving Mark's participation. was during the second mission that he and Paul were imprisoned briefly in Philippi, where an earthquake broke their chains and opened the prison door. Silas is thus sometimes depicted in art carrying broken chains.[4] Acts 16:25-37. to Acts 17–18, Silas and Timothy travelled with Paul from Philippi to Thessalonica, where they were treated with hostility in the synagogues by some traditional Jews. harassers followed the trio to Berea, threatening Paul's safety, and causing Paul to separate from Silas and Timothy. travelled to Athens, and Silas and Timothy later joined him in Corinth.[5] events can be dated to around AD 50: the reference in Acts 18:12 to Proconsul Gallio helps ascertain this date (cf. Gallio inscription).[6] According to Acts 18:6–7, Paul ceased to attend the synagogue in Corinth as a result of Jewish hostility, Silas is not mentioned thereafter in the Acts narrative. appears in the salutation of 1 and 2 Thessalonians, and is referred to in 2 Corinthians 1:19. This is as expected, as we read of his involvement in Paul's mission when these cities were visited. He also appears in the conclusion of 1 Peter at 5:12, and is perhaps the amanuensis. Peter says he regards Silas as "a faithful brother." Corinth; Apostle Silas of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Holy Apostle of the Seventy Silas was a disciple of the Savior. Silas was a respected figure in the original Church at Jerusalem, one of the “chief men among the brethren” (Acts 15:22). The Council of the Apostles was convened at Jerusalem in the year 51 to deal with the question of whether Gentile Christian converts should be required to observe the Mosaic Law. The Apostles sent a message with Paul and Barnabas to the Christians of Antioch, giving the decision of the Council that Christians of Gentile origin did not have to observe the prescriptions of the Mosaic Law. Nonetheless, they were told that they must refrain from partaking of foods offered to idols, from things strangled and from blood, to refrain from fornication (Acts 15:20-29). Together with Saints Paul and Barnabas, the Council of the Apostles sent Saints Silas and Jude to explain the message in greater detail, since they both were filled with the grace of the Holy Spirit. Saint Jude was later sent back to Jerusalem, but Saint Silas remained at Antioch and zealously assisted Saint Paul, the Apostle to the Gentiles, on his missionary journeys preaching the Gospel. They visited Syria, Cilicia, and Macedonia. the city of Philippi they were accused of inciting unrest among the people, and for this they were arrested, beaten with rods, and then thrown into prison. At midnight, when the saints were at prayer, suddenly there was a strong earthquake, their chains fell off from them and the doors of the prison opened. The prison guard, supposing that the prisoners had fled, wanted to kill himself, but was stopped by the Apostle Paul. Then, he fell down trembling at the feet of the saints, and with faith accepted their preaching about Christ. He then led them out of the prison and took them to his own home, where he washed their wounds, and was baptized together with all his household. Philippi Saints Paul and Silas proceeded on to the cities of Amphipolis, Apollonia and Thessalonica. In each city they made new converts to Christ and built up the Church. Corinth the holy Apostle Silas was consecrated as bishop, and worked many miracles and signs, and there he finished his life.

Greece, 35-61, Apostle Apollos of the 70, erudite, Alexandria, Corinth, Crete, Caesurea
Egypt, 35-61, Apostle Apollos of the 70, erudite, Alexandria, Corinth, Crete, Caesurea ; Holy Apostles of the Seventy: Sosthenes, Apollos, Cephas, Tychicus, Epaphroditus, Caesar, and Onesiphorus, Commemorated on December 8;

Greece, 35-61, Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Corinth and Caeserea
Greece, 35, Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Corinth and Caeserea ; was the chief ruler of the synagogue at Corinth, who, according to the Acts of the Apostles, was seized and beaten by the mob in the presence of Gallio, the Roman governor, when he refused to proceed against Paul at the instigation of the Jews. The motives of this assault against Sosthenes are not recorded. Some manuscripts insert the mob was composed of "Greeks"; others read "Jews".[1] historians identify this Sosthenes with a companion of Paul the Apostle referred to as "Sosthenes our brother", a convert to the Christian faith and co-author of the First Epistle to the Corinthians (1 Corinthians 1:1-“2). It is not clear whether this identification is tenable.[1] According to Protestant theologian Heinrich Meyer, "Theodoret and most commentators, including Flatt, Billroth, Ewald, Maier [and] Hofmann, identify Sosthenes with the person so named in Acts 18:17, but this is rightly denied by Michaelis, Pott, Rackert, and de Wette".[2] has also been suggested that Sosthenes is a later name of Crispus, who is mentioned in Acts 18:8 and 1 Corinthians 1:14.[3] is traditionally listed among the Seventy Disciples of Luke 10:1.[4] Apostle Sosthenes of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; Holy Apostles Sosthenes was head of the Corinthian synagogue before his conversion. The Apostle Paul converted him to Christianity and made him his helper in his work. In addressing the Corinthian church, Saint Paul sent greetings from both of them: “Paul, by the will of God called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ, and brother Sosthenes...” (1 Cor.1:1). Afterwards, Saint Sosthenes was made bishop at Colophon (Asia Minor). Sosthenes is also commemorated on December 8 and the Synaxis of the Seventy Apostles on January 4. Corinth;

Greece, 60-70 approx., Patra in Achaia, Apostle Peter
Greece, Patra in Achaia, 60-70 approx., Apostle Peter; Patras; St Xanthippe Disciple of the Apostles, who died in Spain, Commemorated September 23;

Greece, 70, 1st Century, Patra in Achaia, Apostle Andrew, Martyrdom in Patra
Greece, 1st Century, Patra in Achaia, Apostle Andrew; The final city to which the Apostle came was the city of Patra, where he was destined to suffer martyrdom. The Lord worked many miracles through His disciple in Patra. The infirm were made whole, and the blind received their sight. Through the prayers of the Apostle, the illustrious citizen Sosios recovered from serious illness and Maximilla and Stratokles, the wife and brother of the governor of Patra, were healed. The miracles accomplished by the Apostle and his fiery speech enlightened almost all the citizens of the city of Patra with the true Faith. Patras; Apostle Andrew, the Holy and All-Praised First-Called, Commemorated on November 30;

Greece, 1571, Corinth, Sea Battle of Lepanto, Gulf of Corinth (Lepanto)
Corinth, 1571, Sea Battle of Lepanto, Gulf of Corinth (Lepanto) ; Sea Battle of Lepanto (in Gulf of Lepanto now known as Gulf of Corinth); GILBERT KEITH CHESTERTON, APOLOGIST and WRITER, 1936, Commemorated June 12 ;

Greece, 1910-1965, Nikephoros tLeper, Aigaleo, Athens
Aigaleo, Athens; Greece, 1910-1964, Nikephoros tLeper, Kastanochori, Arcadia, Peloponnesos, an orphan at 13 in 1903, w gfather in Khani, a barber, then got Hansen's disease i.e. Leprosy, not want to go to Leper Colony Spinalonga Island, went to Alexandria, as a barber, disease more apparent, 1914 went to Chios Leper Church and Fr. Anthimos, a saint, hospital, chapel, wonderworking Icon oPanagia, course of virtues, 1916 Angelic Schema, disease progressed, unquestioning obedience, austere fasting, garden work, saw &recorded A's miracles, including deliverance, he prayed at night for hours on end making countless metanias, he did not quarrel with anyone, nor injure anyone's heart, he was the master chanter of the temple. after losing sight he chanted troparia&Epistles from memory, drug found 1947, 1957 Chios leprosarium closed, Saint Barbara’s home for lepers in Athens, in Aigaleo, Fr Eumenios completely cured but he stayed there, Ntestimonies, face shone while eaten away, seemingly feeble man saying, May His holy name be glorified, died 1964 at 75, fragrant relics exumed 1967, discernment gift; Kastanochori, Arcadia; Saint Nikēphóros the Leper, Commemorated on January 4; Nikephoros (Nicholas Tzanakakis in the world) was born in 1890 in a mountainous village in Khania, in Sikari, Kastanohori to the west of the prefecture with a healthy climate, with beautiful forests, rich waters, gorges and caves. village has a peculiarity that we do not often encounter: it is divided into eleven neighborhoods, which have also been named after the families who first settled there. Saint Nikephoros was born in the neighborhood of Kostoyianides. parents were simple and pious villagers, who died when he was still a young child, leaving him as an orphan. at the age of thirteen, he left his home. grandfather, who had undertaken to raise him, went to Khania to work there in a barber shop in order to learn the job. he showed the first signs of Hansen’s disease, i.e. leprosy. lepers were isolated on the island of Spinalonga because leprosy was a contagious disease and it was treated with fear and dismay. was sixteen years old when signs of the disease began to become more conspicuous, so he left on a boat to Egypt in order to avoid being confined to Spinalonga. remained in Alexandria, working in a barber shop again, but the signs of the disease became more and more apparent, especially on his hands and face. is why, through the intervention of a cleric, he went to Chios, where there was a church for lepers at that time, and the priest was Father Anthimos Vagianos, later Saint Anthimos (February 15). arrived in Chios in 1914 at the age of twenty-four. In the leper hospital of Chios, which was a complex with many homesteads, there was a chapel of Saint Lazarus, where the wonderworking icon of Panagia Ypakoe1 (Feb. 2) was kept. In this space, the course of virtues was opened for Nicholas. Within two years Saint Anthimos considered him ready for the angelic Schema and tonsured him with the name Nikephoros. The disease progressed and evolved in the absence of suitable drugs, causing many large lesions (a drug was found in 1947). Nikephoros lived with unquestioning, genuine obedience to his Spiritual Father, and with austere fasting, working in the gardens. He also recorded the miracles of Saint Anthimos, which he had witnessed with his own eyes (many of these were related to the deliverance of those possessed by demons). was a special spiritual relationship between Saint Anthimos and the monk Nikephoros, who always remained close to him, as Father Theoklitos Dionysiatis writes in his book Saint Anthimos of Chios. Father Nikephoros prayed at night for hours on end making countless metanias, he did not quarrel with anyone, nor injure anyone's heart, and he was the master chanter of the temple. Because of his illness, however, he slowly lost his sight, and so he chanted the troparia and the Epistles from memory. Chios leprosarium was closed in 1957 and the remaining patients, together with Father Nikephoros, were sent to Saint Barbara’s home for lepers in Athens, in Aigaleo. At that time, Father Nikephoros was about 67 years old. His members and his eyes were completely altered and distorted by the disease. Father Eumenios also lived there at the home for lepers. He also suffered from Hansen’s disease, but with the medication he received, he was completely cured. However, he decided to remain in the home for lepers for the rest of his life near his fellow sufferers, caring for them with much love. Thus he submitted to Father Nikephoros, to whom the Lord had given many gifts as a reward for his patience. A crowd of people gathered in the humble cell of the leper Nikephoros, in Saint Barbara in Aigaleo to obtain his prayers. Here are some testimonies of those who met him: “While he was prostrate with wounds and pains, he did not complain, but he showed great patience.” “He had the charisma of consoling those who were sad. His eyes were permanently irritated, and he had limited sight. He also had stiffness in his hands and paralysis in his lower limbs. Nonetheless, he endured all of this in the sweetest, meek, smiling, delightful way, and he was also pleasant and lovable.” “His face, which was eaten away by the marks of his illness, and his wounds, shone. It was a joy for those who saw this destitute and seemingly feeble man saying, May His holy name be glorified.” Nikephoros reposed on January 4, 1964 at the age of 74. After three years, his holy relics were exhumed and found to be fragrant. Father Eumenios and other believers reported many cases where miracles occurred by calling on Saint Nikephoros to intercede with God. life of Saint Nikephoros was a brilliant example and model for everyone. He was pleasing to God because he had endured so much. For this reason, we have many testimonies that our saint received from the Holy Spirit the gift of discernment as and a host of other charisms. We should note that most of the miracles are recorded, and today the saint gives generous help to anyone in need. Surely there will be many more miracles which not have not yet been made manifest. The name of the icon honors the obedience of the Theotokos to God’s will for her to give birth to His Son, so by her obedience people would also obey His will. The Greek word Υπακοή means “obedience.“

Cenchreae (across the neck from Corinth)
Cenchreae; St Phoebe the Deaconess at Cenchreae near Corinth, Commemorated on September 3; LYDIA, DORCAS AND PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, 27 JAN. NT;

Sicyon
Sicyon, 1 Maccabees Ch 15;

Aegae (Achaea), West Greece
Aegae (Achaea), West Greece; Martyr Zenobia of Aegae in Cilicia, Commemorated on October 30;

Argyropolis, Greece (East of Athens River Mouth)
Argyropolis; Apostle Stachys of the Seventy;

Athens River

Nea Makri, Attica (Corinth and Athens area)
Nea Makri; New Martyr Ephraim, Commemorated on January 3; New Martyr Ephraim, Commemorated on May 5;

Hill of Ares (The Aeropagus)
Hill of Ares (The Aeropagus): Areopagus (both a place and a judicial body); Hieromartyr Dionysius the Areopagite the Bishop of Athens, Commemorated on October 3; Hieromartyr Hierotheus, Bishop of Athens, Commemorated on October 4;

Rizari Park, Athens (Rizarios Seminary in Athens )
Rizari Park, Athens (Rizarios Seminary in Athens ); Saint Nectarius Kephalas, Metropolitan of Pentapolis, Commemorated on November 9;

Aigaleo, Athens
Aigaleo, Athens; Saint Nikēphóros the Leper, Commemorated on January 4;

Daphni Monastery, Athens (on the ruins of Apollo) 500 (6th Century)
Daphni Monastery, Athens (on the ruins of Temple of Apollo) 500 (6th Century); Venerable Peter of Galatia, Commemorated on October 9;

Areopagus Council, Athens (Athenian high court, Hill of Ares)
Areopagus Council, Athens (Athenian high court, Hill of Ares); Hieromartyr Dionysius the Areopagite the Bishop of Athens, Commemorated on October 3; Hieromartyr Hierotheus, Bishop of Athens, Commemorated on October 4;

Amoman Mountain near Nea Makri
Amoman Mountain near Nea Makri; Monastery of Saint Ephraim, Nea Makri; New Martyr Ephraim, Commemorated on May 5;

Monastery of Saint Ephraim, Nea Makri, 900's
Monastery of Saint Ephraim, Nea Makri; New Martyr Ephraim, Commemorated on May 5;

Marathon, Greece (near Athens)
Marathon, Greece; Apostle Phlegon of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; St Theodosius of Antioch, Commemorated January 11; “Deliverer” Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on April 4; Apostle Herodion of the Seventy, and those with Him, Commemorated on April 8;

Maraton, Greece AKA Marathon, near Athens
Maraton; St Theodosius of Antioch, Commemorated January 11;

Philothei district of Athens
Philothei district of Athens; Philothei; Martyr Philothea the Monastic, Commemorated on February 19;

Kalogreza
Kalogreza; Martyr Philothea the Monastic, Commemorated on February 19;

Attica Region (Attic Penninsula, Athens)
Attica Region; Martyr and Archdeacon Laurence of Rome, Commemorated on August 10; St Theodosius of Antioch, Commemorated Janaury 11; New Martyr Ephraim, Commemorated on May 5;

Boeotia (region in central Greece, near Corinth)
Boeotia; StMeletius the New, Commemorated September 1 ; Saint Clement the Stylite who lived as an ascetic on Mount Ságmata in Boeotia, Commemorated on January 27; Apostle Herodion of the Seventy, and those with Him, Commemorated on April 8; Martyr Hesperus with his wife and sons at Attalia, Commemorated on May 2 ;

Mt Sagmata, Boetia
Sagmata Monastery on Mt Sagmata; Saint Clement the Stylite who lived as an ascetic on Mount Ságmata in Boeotia, Commemorated on January 27;

Sagmata Monastery on Mt Sagmata, little before 1111
Sagmata Monastery on Mt Sagmata; Saint Clement the Stylite who lived as an ascetic on Mount Ságmata in Boeotia, Commemorated on January 27;

Meletiou Monastery, Boetia
Meletiou Monastery; Saint Clement the Stylite who lived as an ascetic on Mount Ságmata in Boeotia, Commemorated on January 27

Meletiou Mountain, Boetia
Meletiou Monastery; Saint Clement the Stylite who lived as an ascetic on Mount Ságmata in Boeotia, Commemorated on January 27

Lebadeia, Boetia, Central Greece
Lebadeia, Boetia, Central Greece; St. Seraphim of Labodeia, Commemorated on May 6;

Helicon, Mount Helicon, Boetia
Helicon, Mount Helicon, Boetia; St. Seraphim of Labodeia, Commemorated on May 6;

Dobou, Boetia (West of Helicon) 1592
Dobou, Boetia (West of Helicon) St. Seraphim of Labodeia, Commemorated on May 6;

Aetolia (Mountains North Coast Gulf of Corinth)
Aetolia (Mountains North Coast Gulf of Corinth); Monk Martyrs Jacob, Jacob the Deacon, and Dionysius, of Prodromou, Commemorated on November 1;

Tritonia, Boeotia, Greece (Triton River Flows into Lake Copais)
Tritonia, Boeotia (Triton River Flows into Lake Copais) ; Martyr Hesperus with his wife and sons at Attalia, Commemorated on May 2 ;

Lake Copais, Boetia, near Corinth
Lake Copais, Boetia, near Corinth ;

Mount Helicon (Mount Cytheron?) Hosios Loukas
Mount Helicon (Mt Cytheron?): Both Helicon and Cytheron are close to Steiris and St Luke's Monestary (Hosios Loukas); Hosios Loukas; StMeletius the New, Commemorated September 1 ; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7;

Mount Helicon (Mt Ioannou?) Hosios Loukas
Mount Helicon (Mt Ioannou?): Both Helicon and Ioannou are close to Steiris and St Luke's Monestary (Hosios Loukas); Hosios Loukas; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7;

Steiris, Corinth
Steiris; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7;

Hosios Loukas, Corinth
Hosios Loukas; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7;

Ioannou, Mount Helicon (Mt Ioannou?) Hosios Loukas
Mount Helicon (Mt Ioannou?): Both Helicon and Ioannou are close to Steiris and St Luke's Monestary (Hosios Loukas); Hosios Loukas; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7;

Gulf of Corinth

Mount Patra
Mount Patra; St Athanasius the Patriarch of Constantinople; Venerable Athanasius the Younger the Patriarch of Constantinople, Commemorated October 28;

Gulf of Patra

Achaia Region, West Greece near Corinth
Achaia Region Northwest Greece, capitol is Patras; Apostle Epenetus of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Martyr Myron the Presbyter of Cyzicus, Commemorated on August 17; Apostle Sosipater of the Seventy, Commemorated November 10 ; Apostle and Evangelist Luke of the Seventy, Commemorated January 4; Apostle Epenetus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Tertius of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Aquila of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4 ; Apostle Apollos of the Seventy, Commemorated on March 30; Apostle Jason, of the Seventy and those with him, Commemorated on April 28 ; GILBERT KEITH CHESTERTON, APOLOGIST and WRITER, 1936, commemorated June 14 I believe; Apostles Fortunatus, Akhaikos, and Stephanas of the 70, Commemorated on June 15;

Aegina Island (between Athens and Corinth)
Aegina Island; Venerable Theodora and her daughter Theopiste, Commemorated on August 3; St Nectarius Kephalas the Metropolitan of Pentapolis, Commemorated November 9 ; Venerable Nikon "Metanoeite," the Preacher of Repentance, Commemorated November 26 ; Venerable Dionysius of Aegina, Commemorated December 17 ; Apostle Crispus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Saint Julius of Aegina, Commemorated on January 31; Venerable Athanasia the Abbess of Aegina, Commemorated on April 12; Commemoration of the Founding of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 11 ; BASIL THE GREAT, BISHOP, THEOLOGIAN (14 JUNE 379) ; Martyr Julian of Tarsus, in Cilicia, Commemorated on June 21 ; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

Achaea, West Greece
Achaea; Apostle Epenetus of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; St Xanthippe Disciple of the Apostles, who died in Spain, Commemorated on September 23 ; Apostle and Evangelist Luke of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Jason of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Aquila of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4 ; GILBERT KEITH CHESTERTON, APOLOGIST and WRITER, 1936, commemorated June 14 I believe; Apostles Fortunatus, Akhaikos, and Stephanas of the 70, Commemorated on June 15;

Patra (Patras) in Achaia, West Greece
Patras; St Xanthippe Disciple of the Apostles, who died in Spain, Commemorated September 23; Greatmartyr Artemius at Antioch, Commemorated on October 20 ; Apostle Rodion of the Seventy, Commemorated November 10 ; Apostle Andrew, the Holy and All-Praised First-Called, Commemorated November 30 ; Apostle Jason of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; New Martyr Zachariah, Commemorated on January 20 ; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7; Apostle Onesimus of the Seventy, Commemorated on February 15; Apostle Jason, of the Seventy and those with him, Commemorated on April 28; Niketas of Thebes and those with him, Commemorated on June 23;

New Patra, near the northwest end of the Peloponnesos (probable location across from Patra)
New Patra, near the northwest end of the Peloponnesos (probable location across from Patra) Prousiotissa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on August 23; The young man chose not to go back, because he could not bear to live among the iconoclasts. continued on his journey and settled in the city of New Patre, near the northwest end of the Peloponnesos. went by, and then one day he heard rumors about certain miraculous events in the region of Aitola. to these reports, the son of a local shepherd was tending his father's flock in a rugged, inaccessible spot in the mountains. There were no homes or villages, but only a shelter for the shepherds. night, as the child was sleeping, he was awakened by heavenly chanting coming from a cave behind him. much apprehension he turned and saw a fiery pillar of light coming from the cave and reaching up to Heaven. is why the Icon is also called Pyrsos - because of the place where it was hidden. the boy went to inform his father what he had seen. The father thought that his son had been dreaming, and told him not to fear things that weren't real. The young man insisted, however, that what he had heard and seen was real.

Penteli Monastery near Athens
Penteli or Pendeli Monastery near Athens; Venerable Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on August 18 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ;

Vitinela, diocese of Vitineia and Euboea
diocese of Vitineia and Euboea; St Nectarius Kephalas the Metropolitan of Pentapolis, Commemorated November 9 ;

Euboea (near Athens)
Euboea; St Nectarius Kephalas the Metropolitan of Pentapolis, Commemorated November 9 ; Venerable Nikon "Metanoeite," the Preacher of Repentance, Commemorated November 26 ; Venerable Neophytus of Vatopedi, Mt Athos, Commemorated January 21 ; St John the Russian and Confessor, whose relics are on the island of Euboia, Commemorated on May 27 ;

Euripus Strait
Euripus Strait; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19;

Euripa (near Athens)
Euripa; Venerable Simeon of Philotheou, Commemorated on April 19;

New Prokopion, Euboia Island
New Prokopion St John the Russian and Confessor, whose relics are on the island of Euboia, Commemorated on May 27 ;

Salamis Island, between Athens and Corinth
Salamis Island; Apostle Barnabas of the Seventy, Commemorated January 4 ; Commemoration of the Founding of Constantinople, Commemorated on May 11 ; BASIL THE GREAT, BISHOP, THEOLOGIAN (14 JUNE 379); Martyr Orentius, one of the seven martyred brothers in Georgia, Commemorated on June 24; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

Mount Parnassus

Cephissus River (Boeotia) Source (Mt Parnassus)

Cephissus River Mouth (Boeotia)

Cephissus River (Boeotia)

Triton River Source

Triton River
Triton River flows into Lake Copais ;

Dremvitsa, or Velitsa or Tithorea (in fertile basin North of Corinth)
Dremvitsa, or Velitsa or Tithorea ; Equal of the Apostles Clement of Ochrid the Bishop of Greater Macedonia, Commemorated on July 27 ; Clement, Bishop of Ochrid, Equal of the Apostles, Nahum, Savva, Gorazd and Angelar were Slavs, disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius (May 11). At first they lived as ascetics in Moravia, where Saint Gorazd succeded Saint Methodius as bishop. He was fluent in Slavonic, Greek and Latin. Saints Clement, Nahum, Angelar and Savva were priests. Enlighteners of the Slavs were opposed by German missionaries, who had the support of the Pope and the patronage of the Moravian prince Svyatopolk. The struggle centered around the questions of the need for divine services in Slavonic, the Filioque and Saturday fasting. Pope Stephen VI prohibited the use of Slavonic in church. proponents of the three-tongued heresy (who wanted to use only Hebrew, Greek, or Latin for Church purposes), after setting aside the ancestral language of the Slavic peoples, brought the disciples of Saint Methodius to trial, including Saint Clement. They subjected them to fierce torture: dragging them through thorns, and holding them in prison for a long time, just as they had done with their spiritual Father, Saint Methodius. 886, some of the prisoners were sold to slave-traders, and ended up in the Venice marketplace. The ambassador of the Byzantine Emperor Basil the Macedonian went to Venice, ransomed the saints and brought them to Constantinople. The older confessors were banished. It is not known where Saint Gorazd went, nor where Saint Savva found shelter. Nahum and Angelar went to Bulgaria. 907 Moravia collapsed under the onslaught of the Magyars, and Moravian refugees escaped along those same paths followed earlier by the saints they had exiled. Bulgarians received the Slavonic confessors with respect and requested them to conduct divine services in the Slavonic language. The Bulgarian prince Boris sought out such people as the disciples of Saint Methodius, who labored for the enlightenment of his nation. The saints immediately began to study Slavonic books collected by the Bulgarian nobles. Angelar soon died, and Saint Clement received the appointment to teach at Kutmichivitsa, a region in southwest Macedonia. In the Eastern Church a worthy man was chosen to be a teacher, someone known for his devout life, and possessed with a gift of words. Saint Clement was a teacher while he was still in Moravia. In Bulgaria, Saint Clement worked as an instructor until 893. He organized a school at the princely court, which attained high esteem during the reign of Simeon. In southwest Macedonia he created separate schools for adults and for children. Clement instructed the children in reading and in writing. The total number of his students was enormous. Those chosen and accepted for the clergy amounted to 3500 men. In the year 893, Saint Clement became Bishop of Dremvitsa, or Velitsa, and Saint Nahum took his place. Clement was the first Bulgarian hierarch to serve, preach and write in the Slavonic language. To this end he systematically prepared clergy from among the Slavic people. The holy bishop labored for the glory of God into his old age. When his strength failed, and he was unable to fulfill his responsibilities in the cathedral, he asked Tsar Simeon to let him retire. Tsar urged the saint not to forsake the cathedral, and Saint Clement agreed to continue his episcopal service. After this he went to Ochrid, to a monastery he founded. There the saint continued with his translation activities and translated important parts of the Pentecostarion. the saint became seriously ill and departed to the Lord in the year 916. The saint’s body was placed in a coffin he made with his own hands, and was buried in Ochrid’s Saint Panteleimon monastery. Clement is considered the first Slavonic author. He not only continued the translation work begun by Saints Cyril and Methodius, but also left behind works of his own composition, the first samples of Slavonic spiritual literature. of the lessons and sermons of Saint Clement were brought to Russia, where they were read and lovingly copied by pious Russian Christians. relics of Saints Gorazd and Angelar rest near Berat in Albania, and Saint Nahum’s relics are in the monastery bearing his name, near Lake Ochrid. Saint Clement is also commemorated on November 25. St Clement the Bishop of Ochrid and Enlightener of the Bulgarians, Commemorated November 25 ;

Thebes of Boeotia, Greece, northeast of Corinth
Thebes, A Greek City State in Boetia ; Boetian Plain; Thebes of Boeotia; Greatmartyr Artemius at Antioch, Commemorated October 20 ; Apostle Rufus of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4; Apostle Herodion of the Seventy, and those with Him, Commemorated on April 8; Nikḗtas of Thebes and those with him, Commemorated on June 23;

Elateia (the middle of the great fertile basin, North of Corinth)
Elateia (the middle of the great fertile basin); Venerable Philotheus of Dionysiou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on October 21;

Zeli, Boetia, Central Greece
Zeli, Boetia, Central Greece; St. Seraphim of Labodeia, Commemorated on May 6;

Aitolia, West Greece
Aitolia; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24;

Aetolia, West Greece
Aetolia; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24; Monkmartyr James of Prodromou on Mt Athos, Commemorated November 1 ;

acropolis of Naupaktosacropolis of Naupaktos
acropolis of Naupaktos; Prousiotissa Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on August 23; years passed, and a civil war was raging in the Greek countryside. The inhabitants of Eurytania and Naupaktos left their villages, seeking safety in other parts of Greece. They brought their wonderworking Icon with them. She also shared the fate of her children, and was carried by the monks of Proussos to the acropolis of Naupaktos. The monastery remains completely deserted.

Akarnania (West Greece)
Akarnania; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated August 24;

Saint Maura Island (Lefkada Island)
Saint Maura Island (Lefkada Island); Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated on August 24;

Lepanto (Gulf of Corinth)
Lepanto; Sea Battle of Lepanto (in Gulf of Lepanto now known as Gulf of Corinth); GILBERT KEITH CHESTERTON, APOLOGIST and WRITER, 1936;

Ithaca Island, West Greece
Ithaka Island; Icon of the Mother of God "Kathariotissa", Commemorated September 8 ; New Martyr Raphael of Lesbos, Commemorated on April 9;

Cephalonia (Kephalonia, West Greece)
Cephalonia (Kephalonia) ; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated on August 16 ; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated August 24; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated on October 20 ;

Kephalonia Island (Cephalonia, West Greece)
Cephalonia (Kephalonia) ; Venerable Paisios of the Holy Mountain, Commemorated on July 12 Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated on August 16 ; Repose of the New-Hieromartyr Cosmas of Aitolia, Equal of the Apostles, Commemorated August 24; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated on October 20 ;

Chelidon, West Greece
Chelidon; Venerable Joannicius the Great, Commemorated on November 4 ;

Eleia, West Greece, Pelopennesos
Eleia, West Greece, Pelopennesos ; Martyr Pamphilius the Presbyter at Caesarea, in Palestine, Commemorated on February 16;

Omala, Cephalonia, West Greece
Omala Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated October 20 ;

Monastery of Anafonitria (Strophada), Zakynthos Island, West Greece, 14th Century
Monastery of Anafonitria; Venerable Dionysius of Aegina, Commemorated December 17 ;

Zakynthos Island, West Greece
Zakynthos Island; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated on August 16 ; Deposition of the Holy Relics of Saint Joseph Samakos the Sanctified (1669), Commemorated on August 29; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated October 20; Venerable Dionysius of Aegina, Commemorated December 17 ;

Gaitanios, Zakynthos
Gaitanios, Zakynthos; Deposition of the Holy Relics of Saint Joseph Samakos the Sanctified (1669), Commemorated on August 29;

British Empire - Ionian Islands - West Greece - The Seven Islands
British Empire - Ionian Islands - West Greece - The Seven Islands; CHARLES SIMEON, TEACHER, PROMOTOR OF MISSIONARY WORK (12 NOV 1836);

Greece, Cyclades Islands Folder

Cyclades Islands, Agean Sea
Cyclades Islands; Hieromartyr Philip the Bishop of Heraclea, Commemorated August 20 ; Hieromonk Seraphim, Bishop of the Phanar, Commemorated on December 4 ; Apostle Aquila of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4 ; Icon of the Mother of God "Tinos", Commemorated January 30 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ; The Annunciation of our Most Holy Lady, the Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary, Commemorated on March 25; St Martin the Confessor the Pope of Rome, Commemorated on April 14; Venerable Macarius the Archimandrite of Obruch (Kanev), Commemorated on May 13; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

Aegean Sea
Aegean Sea; Hieromartyr Antipas the Bishop of Pergamum and Disciple of St John the Theologian, Commemorated on April 11 ;

Cyclades Islands Area

Thira

Pholegandros Island, Cyclades
Pholegandros Island; Venerable Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on August 18 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ;

Kimolos Island
Kimolos Island; St Methodia the Righteous of Kimolos, Commemorated October 5 ;

Heraclea, Cyclades
Heraclea (Irakleia, Cyclades) ; Hieromartyr Philip the Bishop of Heraclea, Commemorated August 20 ; Apostle Aquila of the Seventy, Commemorated on January 4 ; Virginmartyr Glyceria at Heraclea, Commemorated on May 13 ;

Naxos Island, Cyclades
Naxos Island ; Repose of the Venerable Nicodemus the Hagiorite, Commemorated July 14 ; St Martin the Confessor the Pope of Rome, Commemorated on April 14;

Paros
Paros; Venerable Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on August 18 ; Venerable Theoctiste of the Isle of Lesbos, Commemorated on November 9 ; Hieromonk Seraphim, Bishop of the Phanar, Commemorated on December 4 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

Paros Island, Cyclades
Island of Paros; Venerable Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on August 18 ; Venerable Theoctiste of the Isle of Lesbos, Commemorated on November 9 ; Hieromonk Seraphim, Bishop of the Phanar, Commemorated on December 4 ; St Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated January 31 ; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

Syros Island, Cyclades
Syros Island, Cyclades; St. Arsenius of Paros, Commemorated on January 31;

Siphnos Island, Cyclades
Siphnos; St Athanasius Parios, Commemorated on June 24;

Delos Island
Delos, 1 Maccabees Ch 15

Tinos Island, Cyclades (Agean Sea)
Tinos Island (Agean Sea); Icon of the Mother of God "Tinos", Commemorated January 30 ; The Annunciation of our Most Holy Lady, the Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary, Commemorated on March 25;

monastery of the Dormition on Mt. Kechrovounios, Tinos Is, Cyclades
Moni Kimisseos Theotokou Kechrovounio; Icon of the Mother of God “Tinosâ€, Commemorated on January 30;

Greece, Peloponnesos (Southern Greece) Folder

Peloponnesos, Southern Greece
Peloponnese ; Hieromartyr Apollinaris the Bishop of Ravenna, Commemorated on July 23; Apostle Epenetus of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Martyr Myron the Presbyter of Cyzicus, Commemorated on August 17; St Fantinus of Calabria, Commemorated on August 30; Icon of the Mother of God of "The Myrtle Tree". Commemorated September 24 ; Venerable Gerasimus the New Ascetic of Cephalonia, Commemorated October 20 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Andronicus, Commemorated on October 22 ; Venerable Nikon "Metanoeite," the Preacher of Repentance, Commemorated November 26 ; Hieromonk Seraphim, Bishop of the Phanar, Commemorated on December 4 ; Apostle Caesar of the Seventy, Commemorated on December 8 ; New Martyr Zachariah, Commemorated January 20 ; LYDIA, DORCAS AND PHOEBE, CO-WORKERS WITH THE APOSTLES, 27 JAN. NT ; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7; Monkmartyr Euthymius of Prodromou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on March 22; Venerable Joseph the Hymnographer, Commemorated on April 4; Venerable George of Mt. Maleon in the Peloponnesus, Commemorated on April 4; New Martyr Euthymius of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 1; St Peter the Wonderworker and Bishop of Argos, Commemorated on May 3; Martyr Barbarus the Soldier in Morea, Commemorated on May 6; Hieromartyr Mocius the Presbyter of Amphipolis in Macedonia, Commemorated on May 11; Venerable Leontius the Hagiorite, Commemorated on June 18 ; St Photius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on July 2 ;

Morea Peninsula (Pelopennesos)
Morea; Hieromartyr Apollinaris the Bishop of Ravenna, Commemorated on July 23; Apostle Epenetus of the Seventy, Commemorated July 30 ; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7; Martyr Barbarus the Soldier in Morea, Commemorated on May 6; Venerable Leontius the Hagiorite, Commemorated on June 18 ; St Photius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on July 2 ;

Kythera Island, Southern Greece
Kythera Island ; St Phanourius, Commemorated on August 27 ; Icon of the Mother of God of "The Myrtle Tree". Commemorated September 24 ;

Greece, Pelopennosos, Arcadia Region Folder, Mantineia, Laodicea, Kastanochori

Arcadia Region, Peloponnesos
Arcadia Region, Peloponnesos; Saint Nikēphóros the Leper, Commemorated on January 4; Hieromartyr Mocius the Presbyter of Amphipolis in Macedonia, Commemorated on May 11;

Laodicea, Peloponnesos (Arcadia)
Laodicea, Peloponnesos (Arcadia) ; Hieromartyr Mocius the Presbyter of Amphipolis in Macedonia, Commemorated on May 11;

Kastanochori, Arcadia, Peloponnesos
Kastanochori, Arcadia; Saint Nikēphóros the Leper, Commemorated on January 4;

Paroria, Arcadia, Peleponnese
Paroria, Peleponnese; Venerable Romilus of Ravenica, Commemorated January 16 ;

Demitsana, Arcadia, Peleponnese
Demitsana or Dimitsana ; Monkmartyr Euthymius of Prodromou of Mt Athos, Commemorated on March 22; Hieromartyr Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople, Commemorated on April 10; New Martyr Euthymius of Mt Athos, Commemorated on May 1;

Mantinea, Arcadia, Pelopennosos
Mantinea in Asia Minor ; Regions of Ancient Greece - Asia Minor; Asia Minor; Venerable Anthusa the Abbess of Mantinea in Asia Minor, Commemorated July 27; 90 Venerable Sisters of Mantinea in Asia Minor, Commemorated July 27 ;

Steep mountain oLittle Athos, Antiathos, so-called Old Prodromos &Panagia
steep mountain of little Athos or Antiathos, the so-called Old Prodromos and the Panagia.; Saint Dionysios, the builder of Prodromou Monastery, Mount Athos, Commemorated on June 25;

Loussios River Gorge, Arcadia, Peloponnesos
Loussios River Gorge; Saint Dionysios, the builder of Prodromou Monastery, Mount Athos, Commemorated on June 25;

Greece, Pelopennesos, Epidavros Limira Province Folder, Elafonisos, Monemvasia, Cape Maleas

Epidavros Limira Province of Laconia, Pelopennesos, Greece
Epidavros Limira Province of Laconia, Pelopennesos, Greece; Limira was one of the provinces of the Laconia Prefecture, Greece. was named after the ancient city Epidaurus Limera. Its territory corresponded with that of the current municipalities Elafonisos and Monemvasia, and the municipal units Elos and Niata.[1] It was abolished in 2006.

Monovatia (Malbasia) Monestary, Peloponnesos, Southern Greece
Monemvasia monastery at Morea in the Peloponnesos.; Venerable George the Builder, Commemorated on July 28; Icon of the Mother of God of Andronicus, Commemorated on October 22 ; Venerable Nikon "Metanoeite," the Preacher of Repentance, Commemorated November 26 ; St Photius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on July 2 ;

Monemvasia (Malbasia) Monestary, Southern Greece
Monemvasia monastery at Morea in the Peloponnesos.; Venerable George the Builder, Commemorated on July 28; Icon of the Mother of God of Andronicus, Commemorated on October 22 ; Venerable Nikon "Metanoeite," the Preacher of Repentance, Commemorated November 26 ; St Photius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on July 2 ;

Cape Maleas, Southern Greece
Cape Maleas; Venerable George of Mt. Maleon in the Peloponnesus, Commemorated on April 4;

Mount Maleas, Peloponnesos
Cape Maleas; Venerable George of Mt. Maleon in the Peloponnesus, Commemorated on April 4;

Greece, Peloponnesos, Eurotas River Folder (Sparta and Lakedaimonia, Laconia)

Eurotas River

Eurotas River Source, Skortsinos Spring
Eurotas River Source, Skortsinos Spring;

Karyes, Pelopennese
Karyes; Venerable Romilus of Ravenica, Commemorated January 16 ;

Kastorion, Lakonia, Peloponissos, Greece 37° 10' 0" N, 22° 19' 0" E
Kastorion, Lakonia, Peloponissos, Greece 37° 10' 0" N, 22° 19' 0" E; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated on February 7;

Eurotas River 1 (Sparta)

Sparta, Peloponnesos, Greece (Eurotas River 1)
Sparta, Peloponnesos Region, Greece ; Deliverer Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on October 17; the beginning of the XIX century the remarkable ascetic Constantine Theodoulos was loving as a monk on Mount Athos. This Elder had a wonderworking Icon of the Theotokos, which had been painted about 150 years before. After this ascetic's repose, the Icon was passed on to Constantine's disciple, Schema-monk Martinian, who arrived on Mount Athos from Greece in 1821. in 1841 Father Martinian left the Holy Mountain and went to the town of Mavrovonē in the diocese of Sparta, where many miracles were about to take place. residents of that place were afflicted by a terrible disaster: their fields, forests and almost all the vegetation was devastated by locusts. Moving forward in a solid mass, they destroyed everything in their path. Their flight took them right to the city of Marathon. The local authorities drove the residents out of their homes into the fields, forcing them to collect the destructive insects, dump them into pits, and then burn them, but all these measures were ineffective. It seemed that the more locusts they killed, the more their numbers increased. lost all hope for human assistance, so they chanted a Moleben, but the disaster did not end. Terrified, the villagers turned to Father Alexis, a man of God, who lived in a monastery near that unfortunate district. Taking some holy relics, this God-pleaser advised them to have a Moleben with a Cross Procession to their fields. The locusts, as if irritated by such actions, focused their attention on the worshippers. Countless insects attacked people, especially in their eyes. Both the residents and priests fled to their homes in horror. Martinian also learned about this disaster. After serving a Moleben, he spoke to the villagers: "Is our faith so weak that we cannot ask the Lord to help us? Let us intensify our prayers; at least let us gather the old men, and we will resort to the powerful intercession of the Queen of Heaven and Earth. Let us take her holy Icon and pray together, trusting in the Lord. He will not reject our humble prayer to Him, and, through the intercessions of His Mother, He will save this district from a great calamity." inhabitants followed the pious Elder's suggestion, with confidence in the merciful intercession of the Mother of God, they gathered not only old men, but also husbands, wives and even children. There were also four priests. The Cross Procession followed the Elder, who carried the holy Icon, and went into the field. There Father Martinian placed the Icon on the ground, and all the villagers bowed before it in supplication. The Sovereign Lady did not reject the prayers of the faithful servants of her Son and our God. She drove the locusts away. Suddenly, a great flock of birds appeared, rushing swiftly at the insects. The locusts rose from the fields and flew in such a thick mass that they obscured the sunlight. in the village of Mavrovonē there was a boy who was very sick, and his illness was getting worse. His parents asked the priest to bring him Communion. For some reason, however, the visiting priest did not hurry, and he did not arrive for a long time. He took the Holy Gifts and went to the boy's house. He had invited Elder Martinian to come with him. When they arrived at the house, they were shocked by the news that boy was already dead. The priest was filled with deep remorse, since his procrastination had deprived the child of his final spiritual consolation. The only hope left to them was to trust in God's mercy. priest asked Father Martinian to bring his Icon so they could pray to the Queen of Heaven for the boy. The Elder, seeing the deep faith of the priest and the devastated parents, took out the holy Icon which he always kept with him and placed it over the child's bed. Confident that nothing is impossible for the Sovereign Lady, the Elder, the priest, and parents bowed before the Icon, begging her to restore the child to life. After praying for a time, the Elder touched the dying boy three times with the Icon, and suddenly the child opened his eyes. At Father Martinian's request, the boy was given Holy Communion, and then got up perfectly well. The next day he went to school, where he had been sent shortly before this for his primary education. Later, the boy who returned to life was tonsured in a foreign country with the name Alexis, and for a long time he lived an ascetical life on Mount Athos. of this glorious miracle spread far through the neighborhood. Many people who suffered from physical and spiritual infirmities flocked to the Icon of the Mother of God with faith. The Elder's tiny home was always crowded with people and he decided to hide from them, but they found him again. Martinian would not have minded visiting the sick with the Icon if their reverence for the Mother of God had not been mixed with a desire to glorify the Elder as well. He thought he should retire to a place where no one would find him. Therefore, he went by the sea shore and soon, above the ocean, he found a sheer rock with a cave, which was quite suitable for his ascetical struggles. Father Martinian thought he was completely secluded there. However, the good will of the Most Pure Virgin had arranged things otherwise. night the ascetic was praying in the cave. Suddenly, he heard a voice ordering him not to hide the Icon, but to minister to the needs of others. He tried to protest his unworthiness, and his infirmity, but the voice told him even more insistently to be obedient, saying that all this was for the glory of the Mother of God. When the Elder had finished his prayer, he decided to rest for a short time. Suddenly, at that moment, the cave was illumined with an extraordinary light. Surprised, the Elder came out onto the rock, desiring to know the source of such extraordinary radiance. The ascetic beheld a wondrous sight. He saw a pillar of light stretching from the sky to the ground, and in doing so, he heard again the same voice commanding him to leave his solitude and to go serve his neighbors. Thus, the ascetic opened his door to the residents of that vicinity. was a possessed woman named Elena, who used to shout all the time that she knew where the Elder was hiding. At the same time, she declared that only his Icon could heal her. The demon who possessed the woman was very fierce. He exposed the secret sins of all those who came to see Elena. One devout priest decided to read the prayers of exorcism over her no matter what happened. For that reason he went to Elena's house. Immediately, the woman attacked the priest and began to vilify the one who served at the altar, saying: "Aha! So you want to expel me? Are you thinking of casting me out? No, you cannot expel me, you will never drive me out. Look to yourself!" all the demon's words the priest continued to read the prayers, and asked the demon possessing the woman to reveal who could banish him. Against his will, the impure spirit spoke of a solitary Elder with an Icon, calling the ascetic a ragamuffin, an evil monk, and so on. Then the priest asked the demon where he might find this Elder. Then the demon, forced by the priest's prayers and by the power of God, revealed where Father Martinian was hiding. morning after the vision the Elder heard the sound of a large crowd of people gathered before the rock and begging him to come down to them to help the suffering. Seeing God's will in all this, the Elder obeyed and went to the homes of the villagers. First of all, he went to see Elena. As he approached her dwelling, she fell down unconscious and began to scream. When the Elder entered the house, he put down the Icon of the Mother of God and bowed before the Icon. At once, the demon came out of the woman with great moaning. She returned to her senses and fervently thanked the Theotokos. After this she felt quite well. Many other demoniacs were also healed by praying before her Icon. of all the miracles taking place before the Icon, people were always in Father Martinian's home. The Elder finally decided to return to his monastery. When the people learned of his departure, they followed him for some distance. With a great cry they parted from the Elder as he walked away from them, carrying the Icon of the Mother of God, who had poured forth so much grace on their district. 1884, soon after he arrived on the Holy Mountain and entered the monastery of the Great Martyr Panteleimon, Father Martinian went to the Lord. Then the holy Icon of the Mother of God became the monastery's precious heritage. The revered Icon remained there until July 20, 1889, when Archimandrite Makarios, the Superior of Saint Panteleimon's Monastery, gave the Deliverer Icon as a blessing to the newly-built New Athos Monastery of Saint Simon the Canaanite in the Caucasus The Icon has been there from 1889 until the present day. first celebration of the transfer of the Icon to New Athos Monastery took place on October 17, 1889. That is why the Feast Day in honor of this Icon was established on this day. About that time a storm cast more than a ton of fish ashore at the monastery. this Icon the Most Holy Theotokos holds the Divine Child on her right arm, and He blesses with His right hand. Deliverer Icon of the Mother of God is commemorated on October 17, and on April 4. Venerable Nikon "Metanoeite," the Preacher of Repentance. Commemorated November 26 ; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7; “Deliverer” Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on April 4; St Photius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on July 2 ;

Lakedaimonia ala Sparta, Peloponnesos, Greece
Sparta, Peloponnesos Region, Greece ; Icon of the Mother of God the "Deliveress", Commemorated October 17 ; Venerable Nikon "Metanoeite," the Preacher of Repentance. Commemorated November 26 ; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7; St Photius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on July 2 ;

Holy Metropolis of Monemvasia and Sparta
Holy Metropolis of Monemvasia and Sparta ; Address Lysandrou 5 231 00 SPARTA GREECE Venerable Nikon "Metanoeite," the Preacher of Repentance. Commemorated November 26 ;

Mystras, Laconia, Peleponnese (fortified high point above Sparta, Capital of Despotate Morea)
Mystras, Laconia, Peleponnese; or Mistras (Greek: Μυστρᾶς/Μιστρᾶς),[2] also known in the Chronicle of the Morea as Myzithras (Μυζηθρᾶς), is a fortified town and a former municipality in Laconia, Peloponnese, Greece. on Mt. Taygetos, near ancient Sparta, it served as the capital of the Byzantine Despotate of the Morea in the 14th and 15th centuries, a period of prosperity and cultural flowering during the Palaeologan Renaissance, including the teachings of Gemistos Plethon.[2] city also attracted artists and architects of the highest quality.[2] The site remained inhabited throughout the Ottoman period, when Western travellers mistook it for ancient Sparta. the 1830s, it was abandoned and the new town of Sparti was built, approximately eight kilometres to the east. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the Sparti municipality.[3] As an exceptionally well-preserved example of a Byzantine city and because of its testimony to the development of Late Byzantine and Post-byzantine art, Mystras was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1989.[4] Saint Illyricus of Mount Myrsinon in the Peloponnesus, Commemorated on April 3;

Saint Nikon'™s Monastery, Sparta, 940 or so
Saint Nikon'™s Monastery, Sparta, 940 or so; Holy Metropolis of Monemvasia and Sparta ; Address Lysandrou 5 231 00 SPARTA GREECE Venerable Nikon Metanoeite,the Preacher of Repentance. Commemorated November 26 ;

Mt. Taygetos

Mt. Parnon

Loganikos, Peloponnesos
Loganikos, Peloponnesos; Venerable Luke of Hellas, Commemorated February 7;

Eurotas River 2 (Lakedaimonia)

Lakedaimonia, Southern Greece (Eurotas River 2)
Lakedaimonia, Southern Greece ; Venerable Nikon "Metanoeite," the Preacher of Repentance, Commemorated November 26 ;

Morea, 1349-1460, Despotate of Morea
Morea, 1349-1460, Despotate of Morea in the Peloponnesos penninsula; Icon of the Mother of God of Andronicus, Commemorated on October 22 ;

Eurotas River Mouth (Laconian Gulf)
Eurotas River; Eurotas (Ancient Greek: Εὐρώτας) or Evrotas (modern Greek: Ευρώτας) is the main river of Laconia and one of the major rivers of the Peloponnese, in Greece. river's springs are located just northwest of the border between Laconia and Arcadia, at Skortsinos. river is also fed by underwater springs at Pellana and by tributaries coursing down from Mt. Taygetos and Mt. Parnon, which flank the Eurotas valley to the west and east, respectively. river is 82 kilometres (51 mi) long,[1] flowing in a north-south direction and emptying into the Laconian Gulf. Its drainage basin is 2,239 km2 (864 sq mi).[2] classical Eurotas was changed to Iri in the Middle Ages and only changed back to Eurotas in recent times. Eurotas, however, is not the most ancient name of the river. It does not appear in the works of Homer, which purport to recount the stories and geography of Mycenaean Greece. In that legendary time, the Dorians are not known to have been present in the Eurotas Valley. At some time prior to being called Eurotas, the river was the Bomycas and the Himeras.[3] etymology derives the word Eurōtas from the ancient Greek eurōs (εὐρώς), "mold".[4] The adjective, eurōeis, "moldy," is genuinely ancient, used as an epithet of Hades in Homer.[5] It is, however, in the Ionic dialect. Physical[edit] source of the Eurotas River is a surface spring called Piges Evrota (Πηγές Ευρώτα, "Eurotas Springs") located near the village of Skortsinos, Arcadia, by the side of the road ascending from Kyparissi. spring is an outlet of an aquifer located in the adjacent limestone ridge at a locale called Kephalari. The ridge, a karst, is not part of the Taygetus Massif, but, like the other mountains of Arcadia, is a nappe raised by the compressional forces on the Hellenic Plate by the subduction of Africa. The spring is also called Logaras Spring.[6] Spring supplies an anciently constructed catchment basin about the size of a pond, sometimes called a lake, which exits both to irrigation channels and to the Alpheios stream (not to be confused with the Alpheios river in the northwestern Peloponnese). The flow is copious except in times of drought. A recent study measured the outflow through the catchment exit every 15 days for 540 days in 2006-2007. It recorded a maximum of 1748 cubic m per hour and a minimum of 310.5 cubic m per hour. From the catchment at an altitude of 430 m (1,410 ft) part of the water flows into the Alpheios stream, which enters the upper Eurotas.[6] Laconian Alpheios stream is unconnected with the Alpheios river in Arcadia. The identity of their names comes from an ancient geologic misunderstanding that the Eurotas and the Apheios were connected underground, which deceived even Pausanias, one of the best ancient geographers. He believed they had the same source but that the outflow stream disappeared into a chasm only to emerge at different locations as different streams.[7] In the most exaggerated form of the myth, the Alpheios continues under the Mediterranean to Sicily or elsewhere. stream[edit] the river is hydromorphologically far from its natural state. The main problem is anthropogenic abstraction of water, by many methods, from the shallow aquifer through which it flows. The valley contains about 7000 wells. Water is directly removed by irrigation ditches, weirs, and pumping stations. Consequently, the river is intermittent; large sections are typically dry of surface water, even though water still flows in the aquifers. Flash flooding is a problem. Through flood control, the riverbed has been widened in places and straightened, and the vegetation has been removed from its sides.[8] The lower river runs between dikes in a long, straight course. of the numerous tributaries of the Eurotas are right-bank, feeding the shallow aquifer. They are, however, intermittent and ephemeral.[9] The major ones have cut deep ravines into the Taygetus Massif. The few left-bank tributaries, receiving waters from the deep aquifer, are more substantial, but still intermittent. classical Oineus was changed to Kelefina in the Middle Ages and not restored to its ancient name until recent times. The current Magoulitsa was formerly the Trypiotiko. rich alluvial soil through which the final 10 km of the Eurotas flows was not there in antiquity. The Eurotas has aggraded the innermost bay of the gulf. The old coastline can be approximated by a line on the periphery of the plain of Elos marking the border within which prehistoric archaeological sites are not found. The line on the west follows the Skala-Gytheion road to Skala, the Skala-Molaoi road to Vlachiotis, southeast along the edge of the rising terrain to Asteri and south from there to the coast. Due to changes in sea level, some land on the flanks of the gulf has been drowned.[10] current communities of Elos, Leimonas and Agioi Taxiarches have been constructed on aggraded land. As Pausanias mentions that Elos was a port city, the current Elos cannot be identified with it. Skala, on the other hand, means "place of embarkation."[11] The location of the ancient port, however, is not yet known for certain. Legendary pre-Hellenic tribe[edit] Greek legend, the human ancestor of all the peoples that inhabited the Eurotas Valley was Lelex, eponymous king of the Leleges, one of the peoples of the eastern Aegean whom the classical writers saw as autochthonous; that is, indigenous and pre-Hellenic.[citation needed] His son or grandson was Eurotas, the last of the line. The latter had a daughter, Sparta, but no sons. An outsider married her, Lacedaemon. Although he named the state Sparta after her, his name is now known to have most likely been the name of the Mycenaean state.[citation needed] or late Bronze Age Greece is generally conceded to be Achaean Greek on the evidence of the Linear B and Hittite documents. If any Dorians were present they were not in any capacity overtly recorded by the surviving administrative records; however, most of the records have not survived, so in reality we do not know. Hypothetically, if the Leleges really were in the Eurotas valley, the time of their ascendancy would have been before Mycenaean times. the late 20th century, evidence in the valley of earlier occupation seemed to be lacking.[citation needed] Beginning in 1968 the University of Cambridge began a survey by underwater archaeology of a drowned town between Pounta on the mainland and Elafonisos island on the eastern side of the Laconian Gulf. The town extended over the entire drowned isthmus from 60 rock-cut tombs on the Pounta shore (a beach) to the remains of walls on Pavlopetri island off Elafonisos. A subsequent survey in 2009 discovered even earlier parts of the town and recovered additional pottery. A chronological study was done on "442 ceramic items, an iron nail and an obsidian chip." More research on the site is planned.[12] town was apparently continuously occupied from the late Neolithic to Byzantine times when it was drowned, perhaps by an earthquake. Neolithic ceramics were only 3% of the 444 items. The town was mainly Early Bronze Age, which had 40%. The early Helladic pottery is "standard ... some showing close links with the Cyclades, western Crete and the northeastern Aegean." The "15% Middle Bronze Age"[citation needed] is represented by middle Helladic and middle Minoan. This archaeological scenario is not incompatible with the Aegean distribution of the Leleges, although it is not possible to say who the early and middle Bronze Age inhabitants were. late Bronze Age had 25% of the items.[clarification needed][citation needed] Classical and Byzantine items were minimal, indicating a probable near abandonment of the city at the end of the late Bronze Age.[citation needed] Lacedaemon[edit] has provided a more complete story for the Mycenaean period. On the left bank of the Eurotas, across from Sparta, is a ridge on which sits a temple called the Menelaon. In the 20th century a survey by the British School of Archaeology revealed that the entire ridge, located in the municipal unit of Therapnes, ancient Therapnē, had been covered by a walled Mycenaean town, dated to the late Bronze Age by the late Helladic (LH3) pottery[13] with some middle Helladic (MH) pottery in "pockets in the bedrock." The archaeologists analyzing the site recognized a building Period I, dated between LH2B–LH3A1, the latter being brought to and end about 1425 BCE by a severe earthquake. Remains of a mansion with Minoan pottery date from Period I. Period IA, the hill settlement was rebuilt. The structures included kilns for smelting bronze. In Period II, dated to LH3A1, a villa-type structure was built of a terrace formed from previous building material further down to the south. It was probably two-story, megaron-type, with "less substantial walls" but "a massive foundation for what could be a defense tower." It was connected to the top by stairs. Period III, LH3A2–LH3B2, begins with 150 years of apparent abandonment and then a limited reconstruction of a one-story structure on the terrace. The staircase was blocked. The entire ridge was intensely occupied leaving a profusion of Mycenaean pottery. The villa was burned at the end of LH3B2, leaving a destruction level. Two persons buried in the associated rubble appear to have died violently. Occupation of the hill went on through the Greek Dark Age, reduced to the Menelaon shrine in the Archaic and Classical Periods. Dedications to Menelaus and Helen are found in its vicinity starting the Archaic period.[14] excavators concluded that in the "later 15th century" (BCE) the ridge was "the principal settlement site in Laconia." The shrine and its dedications identify it as the site of Homeric Sparta, capital of a ruling couple believed by the population of the Archaic Period to have been Menelaos and Helen. Sparta[edit] archeological Sparti, modern town, Taygetus mountains classical-era city of Sparta was built on the west bank of the Eurotas about halfway down the valley. The Spartans made little use of the left bank of the river: Only one permanent bridge has been found that crossed to it, at Therapne just south of the city. The main traffic was southward to the port of Gytheio, which was the most convenient outlet. All others involved a trek over mountains.[15] Laconia[edit] Laconia is a political subdivision of Greece covering the Eurotas Valley, the massifs on either side, the two headlands, and the enclosed Laconian Gulf with its coastal islands. Its seat is the city of Sparta, as in ancient times, at a site which dominated and still dominates the valley from its central position. However, the rich-soil plain is entirely divided into villages that practice agriculture, viticulture, and arboriculture intensely. main roads from Sparta form a branching network leading out radially from the city to connect other cities and towns in the valley. A web of secondary roads fills in the spaces between the main roads.[16] modern times, much of the river water is used for irrigation, with the result that the Eurotas is almost dry during the summer months. The waters of the Eurotas are used to irrigate mainly citrus crops, for which Laconia is famous. The plain of Elos near the river's mouth is particularly fertile farmland. the winter months, the Eurotas is prone to flooding. On 24 November 2005 heavy floods damaged buildings and stranded automobiles in the streets, and harmed orchards, including the valley's famous orange and olive groves. The floods affected many villages along the valley as well as the town of Gytheio; 170 km2 (66 sq mi) of land was ruined. the nitrate waste from fertilizers is polluting the river, aggravated by diminished flow because of the irrigation demands on it.[17] Geomorphology[edit] Eurotas River occupies the floor of a rift valley, or graben, created by extensional forces acting over the Hellenic Plate in a northeast-southwest direction. The corresponding fault-block mountains are the Taygetus Massif on the west and the Parnon Massif on the east – both limestone ridges derived from a former sea bed.[18] On the east side of Taygetus is the Sparta Fault, a normal fault, which strikes in a zig-zag path along the foot of the massif and dips toward the interior of the valley. The river is on the western side. From it the scarps of the footwall of the Sparta Fault are visible at the base of Tayegetus. is transected by deep ravines through which tributaries flow into the Eurotas. At the foot of the massif is a zone of scree. To the east of that alluvial fans from Taygetus cover half the valley, making it asymmetrical. On that account it is often called the Evrotas Furrow. The Eurotas flows over a flood plain and also through a shallow aquifer of sand and gravel 10–60 m deep, graded with the deep end downstream. The gradient of the aquifer is a steep 1–3%. The highest hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity are near the junction of the Xerias and the Eurotas south of Sparti. To the east are older and finer sediments of alternating clay and marl beds, some of which are impermeable. Under the entire valley is a deep aquifer in the limestone floor, containing water permeating downward through the horsts. The Eurotas collects runoff and drains the deep aquifer on the east bank but loses water to the shallow aquifer on the west bank.[19] geologic history[edit] of bore holes in the valley indicate that in the Pliocene it was a lake. In classical times, according to the ancient authors, it was swampy, but the cultivatable land exposed was very fertile. Then, as now, it was used mainly for fruit trees, especially olive.[4] analysis done in the 20th century[20] hypothesized that the Eurotas Valley in the Late Pliocene was an inland sea over the lower and middle valley several hundred m deep at the current mouth of the river. The fault-block geology had developed earlier. During the Pleistocene the sea level dropped 500 m (1,600 ft) exposing a flat floor. Continued slippage along the Sparta Fault dropped the middle Eurotas valley further forcing the river to cut its way through the 100–250 m hills dividing the lower from the middle valley, creating Eurotas Ravine.

Mavrovouni, Laconia, Peloponnesos, Greece, Deliverer Icon, Locusts, deliverance and many miracles
Mavrovouni, Laconia, Peloponnesos, Greece; (Greek: Μαυροβούνι, "the black mountain") is a village (population approximately 500) in the Mani Peninsula, Greece, south of Gytheio town. is a village about 2 km south of the town of Gytheio, in Laconia, Greece. It is located on a steep hill of dark rock[1] between the hill of Kumaros[2] above Gytheio and the alluvial plain of the Vardhounia river lies a belt of low sandy hills. district is rich in wines, olives and oranges.[3] The village's economy is based on olive oil production, fishing and tourism. Deliverer Icon of the Mother of God, Commemorated on October 17; the beginning of the XIX century the remarkable ascetic Constantine Theodoulos was loving as a monk on Mount Athos. This Elder had a wonderworking Icon of the Theotokos, which had been painted about 150 years before. After this ascetic's repose, the Icon was passed on to Constantine's disciple, Schema-monk Martinian, who arrived on Mount Athos from Greece in 1821. in 1841 Father Martinian left the Holy Mountain and went to the town of Mavrovonē in the diocese of Sparta, where many miracles were about to take place. residents of that place were afflicted by a terrible disaster: their fields, forests and almost all the vegetation was devastated by locusts. Moving forward in a solid mass, they destroyed everything in their path. Their flight took them right to the city of Marathon. The local authorities drove the residents out of their homes into the fields, forcing them to collect the destructive insects, dump them into pits, and then burn them, but all these measures were ineffective. It seemed that the more locusts they killed, the more their numbers increased. lost all hope for human assistance, so they chanted a Moleben, but the disaster did not end. Terrified, the villagers turned to Father Alexis, a man of God, who lived in a monastery near that unfortunate district. Taking some holy relics, this God-pleaser advised them to have a Moleben with a Cross Procession to their fields. The locusts, as if irritated by such actions, focused their attention on the worshippers. Countless insects attacked people, especially in their eyes. Both the residents and priests fled to their homes in horror. Martinian also learned about this disaster. After serving a Moleben, he spoke to the villagers: "Is our faith so weak that we cannot ask the Lord to help us? Let us intensify our prayers; at least let us gather the old men, and we will resort to the powerful intercession of the Queen of Heaven and Earth. Let us take her holy Icon and pray together, trusting in the Lord. He will not reject our humble prayer to Him, and, through the intercessions of His Mother, He will save this district from a great calamity." inhabitants followed the pious Elder's suggestion, with confidence in the merciful intercession of the Mother of God, they gathered not only old men, but also husbands, wives and even children. There were also four priests. The Cross Procession followed the Elder, who carried the holy Icon, and went into the field. There Father Martinian placed the Icon on the ground, and all the villagers bowed before it in supplication. The Sovereign Lady did not reject the prayers of the faithful servants of her Son and our God. She drove the locusts away. Suddenly, a great flock of birds appeared, rushing swiftly at the insects. The locusts rose from the fields and flew in such a thick mass that they obscured the sunlight. in the village of Mavrovonē there was a boy who was very sick, and his illness was getting worse. His parents asked the priest to bring him Communion. For some reason, however, the visiting priest did not hurry, and he did not arrive for a long time. He took the Holy Gifts and went to the boy's house. He had invited Elder Martinian to come with him. When they arrived at the house, they were shocked by the news that boy was already dead. The priest was filled with deep remorse, since his procrastination had deprived the child of his final spiritual consolation. The only hope left to them was to trust in God's mercy. priest asked Father Martinian to bring his Icon so they could pray to the Queen of Heaven for the boy. The Elder, seeing the deep faith of the priest and the devastated parents, took out the holy Icon which he always kept with him and placed it over the child's bed. Confident that nothing is impossible for the Sovereign Lady, the Elder, the priest, and parents bowed before the Icon, begging her to restore the child to life. After praying for a time, the Elder touched the dying boy three times with the Icon, and suddenly the child opened his eyes. At Father Martinian's request, the boy was given Holy Communion, and then got up perfectly well. The next day he went to school, where he had been sent shortly before this for his primary education. Later, the boy who returned to life was tonsured in a foreign country with the name Alexis, and for a long time he lived an ascetical life on Mount Athos. of this glorious miracle spread far through the neighborhood. Many people who suffered from physical and spiritual infirmities flocked to the Icon of the Mother of God with faith. The Elder's tiny home was always crowded with people and he decided to hide from them, but they found him again. Martinian would not have minded visiting the sick with the Icon if their reverence for the Mother of God had not been mixed with a desire to glorify the Elder as well. He thought he should retire to a place where no one would find him. Therefore, he went by the sea shore and soon, above the ocean, he found a sheer rock with a cave, which was quite suitable for his ascetical struggles. Father Martinian thought he was completely secluded there. However, the good will of the Most Pure Virgin had arranged things otherwise. night the ascetic was praying in the cave. Suddenly, he heard a voice ordering him not to hide the Icon, but to minister to the needs of others. He tried to protest his unworthiness, and his infirmity, but the voice told him even more insistently to be obedient, saying that all this was for the glory of the Mother of God. When the Elder had finished his prayer, he decided to rest for a short time. Suddenly, at that moment, the cave was illumined with an extraordinary light. Surprised, the Elder came out onto the rock, desiring to know the source of such extraordinary radiance. The ascetic beheld a wondrous sight. He saw a pillar of light stretching from the sky to the ground, and in doing so, he heard again the same voice commanding him to leave his solitude and to go serve his neighbors. Thus, the ascetic opened his door to the residents of that vicinity. was a possessed woman named Elena, who used to shout all the time that she knew where the Elder was hiding. At the same time, she declared that only his Icon could heal her. The demon who possessed the woman was very fierce. He exposed the secret sins of all those who came to see Elena. One devout priest decided to read the prayers of exorcism over her no matter what happened. For that reason he went to Elena's house. Immediately, the woman attacked the priest and began to vilify the one who served at the altar, saying: "Aha! So you want to expel me? Are you thinking of casting me out? No, you cannot expel me, you will never drive me out. Look to yourself!" all the demon's words the priest continued to read the prayers, and asked the demon possessing the woman to reveal who could banish him. Against his will, the impure spirit spoke of a solitary Elder with an Icon, calling the ascetic a ragamuffin, an evil monk, and so on. Then the priest asked the demon where he might find this Elder. Then the demon, forced by the priest's prayers and by the power of God, revealed where Father Martinian was hiding. morning after the vision the Elder heard the sound of a large crowd of people gathered before the rock and begging him to come down to them to help the suffering. Seeing God's will in all this, the Elder obeyed and went to the homes of the villagers. First of all, he went to see Elena. As he approached her dwelling, she fell down unconscious and began to scream. When the Elder entered the house, he put down the Icon of the Mother of God and bowed before the Icon. At once, the demon came out of the woman with great moaning. She returned to her senses and fervently thanked the Theotokos. After this she felt quite well. Many other demoniacs were also healed by praying before her Icon. of all the miracles taking place before the Icon, people were always in Father Martinian's home. The Elder finally decided to return to his monastery. When the people learned of his departure, they followed him for some distance. With a great cry they parted from the Elder as he walked away from them, carrying the Icon of the Mother of God, who had poured forth so much grace on their district. 1884, soon after he arrived on the Holy Mountain and entered the monastery of the Great Martyr Panteleimon, Father Martinian went to the Lord. Then the holy Icon of the Mother of God became the monastery's precious heritage. The revered Icon remained there until July 20, 1889, when Archimandrite Makarios, the Superior of Saint Panteleimon's Monastery, gave the Deliverer Icon as a blessing to the newly-built New Athos Monastery of Saint Simon the Canaanite in the Caucasus The Icon has been there from 1889 until the present day. first celebration of the transfer of the Icon to New Athos Monastery took place on October 17, 1889. That is why the Feast Day in honor of this Icon was established on this day. About that time a storm cast more than a ton of fish ashore at the monastery. this Icon the Most Holy Theotokos holds the Divine Child on her right arm, and He blesses with His right hand. Deliverer Icon of the Mother of God is commemorated on October 17, and on April 4.

Greece, Peloponnesos, Pamisos River Folder, Gulf of Messenia, Messenia Province

Pamisos River

Pamisos River Mouth (Gulf of Messenia)
Pamisos River; Pamisos (Greek: Πάμισος, Latin: Pamisus[1]) is the largest river of the Messenia regional unit of the southern Peloponnese in Greece. is 44 km (27 mi) long, and its drainage area is 568 km2 (219 sq mi).[2] source is on the western slopes of the Taygetus mountains,[3] near the village Agios Floros. runs through the municipal units of Arfara, Ithomi, Androusa, Aris, Messini, Thouria and Kalamata. flows into the Messenian Gulf east of Messini and west of Kalamata.

Messini, Greece (Peloponos River Mouth, Gulf of Messini)
Messini, Greece;

Kalamata, Messenia, Peloponnese (Pamisos River Mouth, Gulf of Messini)
Kalamata, Messenia, Peloponnese; Holy Great Martyr Xenίa of Kalamata, Commemorated on May 3;

Koronis, Peloponnese, Southern Greece, Gulf of Messinia
Koronis, Monastery of the Most Holy Theotokos at Koronis; Venerable Philotheus of Dionysiou of Mount Athos, Commemorated on October 21; Hieromonk Seraphim, Bishop of the Phanar, Commemorated December 4 ;

Methona, Pelopennese, Messinia Province
Methona, Pelopennese; Martyr Barbarus the Soldier, and those with him, in Morea, Commemorated on May 6; miraculous help from on high, the saint remained unharmed. Seeing in this miracle the manifest power of God, many pagans were converted to the true God. Saint Barbarus finally completed his glorious endeavor by being beheaded by the sword in the year 362. The martyr’s body was buried in the city of Methona in the Peloponnesus by the pious Bishop Philikios.

Greece, Peloponnesos, Inachos River Folder, Argos and Argolic Gulf

Inachos River

Inachos River 1

Inachos River 2

Inachos River 3

Mycea (Mycenae, Mycenaen Greece, Northeastern Peloponnesos)
Mycea (Mycenae, Mycenaen Greece); Hieromartyr Apollinarius the Bishop of Ravenna, Commemorated on July 23; St Niphon the Patriarch of Constantinople of Mt Athos, Commemorated on August 11;

Epidauros, Mycea, Greece (Northeastern Peloponnesos)
Epidauros, Greece; St Niphon the Patriarch of Constantinople of Mt Athos, Commemorated on August 11;

Argos, Peloponnesos (Argolic Gulf)
Argos; Hieromartyr Cyprian of Nicomedia, Commemorated on October 2, From age seven until thirty, Cyprian studied at the most outstanding centers of paganism: on Mount Olympus, in the cities of Argos and Tauropolis, in the Egyptian city of Memphis, and at Babylon; Hieromartyr Apollinaris the Bishop of Ravenna, Commemorated on July 23; St Peter the Wonderworker and Bishop of Argos, Commemorated on May 3; Venerable Leontius the Hagiorite, Commemorated on June 18 ;

Inachos River Mouth (Gulf of Argos)
Inachos River Mouth (Gulf of Argos); Inachos (Greek: Ίναχος), also known as Panitsa (Πάνιτσα), is a river in the Peloponnese, southern Greece. source is in the mountains of western Argolis, near the village Kaparelli. It flows into the Aegean Sea in Nea Kios. Inachos was named after Inachus, a mythical king of Argos, who introduced civilization to the area. Inachus rises, according to Pausanias (ii 25.3, 8.6.6), in Mt. Artemisium, on the borders of Arcadia, or, according to Strabo (viii. p.370), in Mt. Lyrceium, a northern offshoot of Artemisium. its sources it receives a tributary called the Cephissus, which rises in Mt. Lyrceium (Strab. ix. p.424; Aelian, Ael. VH 2.33.) It flows in a south-easterly direction, E. of the city of Argos, into the Argolic gulf. river is often dry in the summer. Between it and the city of Argos is the mountain-torrent named Charadrus, which also rises in Mt. Artemisium, and which, from its proximity to Argos, has been frequently mistaken for the Inachus by modern travellers. It flows over a wide gravelly bed, which is generally dry in the summer, whence its modern name of Xerias, or the Dry River. flows into the Inachus a little below Argos. It was on the banks of the Charadrus that the armies of Argos, on their return from military expeditions, were obliged to undergo a court of inquiry before they were permitted to enter the city. (Thuc. 5.60; comp. Paus. 2.25.2; Leake, Morea, vol. ii. p. 364, Peloponnesiaca, p. 267; Mure, vol. ii. p. 161.)

Nauplos, Peloponnesos (Argolic Gulf)
Nauplos ; Hieromartyr Apollinaris the Bishop of Ravenna, Commemorated on July 23; St Peter the Wonderworker and Bishop of Argos, Commemorated on May 3;

Hydra (island), Greece (end of Argos Penninsula)
Hydra (island) Greece; New Martyr Constantine of Hydra, Commemorated on November 14; Holy New Martyr Constantine was born on the island of Hydra; his father was named Michael, and his mother was called Marina. the age of eighteen, he left Hydra and went to Rhodes, where he served the Turkish ruler Hasan Kapetan. Constantine converted to Islam and took the name Hasan, in honor of his master. For three years he received great honors and was content. however, he felt remorse for denying Christ. He gave alms to Orthodox Christians, prayed with bitter tears, and showed great reverence to the Orthodox priests he encountered. decided to atone for his sin by martyrdom. So he found a Spiritual Father, to whom he confessed, asking for his blessing to seek martyrdom. how young he was, his Spiritual Father advised him to wait. obeyed and left Rhodes, traveling to the city of Krimi, then to Constantinople, and from there he went to the Holy Mountain. Ivḗron Monastery he prepared himself for martyrdom. With the blessing of the Fathers, he returned to Rhodes and presented himself to the ruler, and courageously confessed Christ. The tortures he endured were horrible. he was hanged on November 14, 1800. at Saint Constantine's birthplace on Hydra, there is a beautiful church which is dedicated to him, and there his holy relics are kept. fragment from Saint Constantine's relics is in the "Quick to Hear" Icon at Saint Tikhon's Monastery church in Pennsylvania. Venerable Makarius of Corinth, Commemorated on April 17